history of theater renaissance drama. the renaissance definition: “rebirth” transition between...
TRANSCRIPT
History of TheaterRenaissance Drama
The Renaissance •Definition: “rebirth”•Transition between medieval times and
modern times•Began in Italy in the early 14th century
and spread to the rest of Europe•Saw an interest in classics and the
belief in human perfection •Drama struggled during this time;
painting, sculpture, and architecture flourished instead
The Renaissance in Italy
•Script development was not great early on (many were poor imitations of the classics but later improved)
•Theater architecture and stage equipment developed greatly
•Sets with perspective and colored lighting were first introduced
The Renaissance in Italy, cont.
Opera • Opera was the greatest
contribution of this time period
• Music in an opera emphasized the words with simple music accompanying them
• Was imitated in England and France
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8rsOzPzYr8&list=RDQsqo_pR0mbY
The Renaissance in Italy, cont.
Commedia dell’arte• “Theater of craft or skill”• Performed by professional
acting troupes that specialized in improvisation (comedy)
• Wrote comedic scenarios: plot outlines that were posted backstage before every performance for actors to generally follow
• No full scripts for actors; certain speeches were memorized with the improvisation
The Renaissance in Italy, cont.
Commedia dell’arte characters •Stock characters: characters that
display the same traits among several productions (like a maiden, soldier, etc.)
•The characters were divided into the upper class and the servants; identified by their masks and costumes
•Some of the characters are still recognized in drama today
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h_0TAXWt8hY
The Renaissance in England
•During the Elizabethan Age•Drama = the expression of the soul of
the country; theater became very important during this time
•Three dramatists stand out in this time period that are still popular even today
The Renaissance in England, cont.
Christopher Marlowe• Use of blank
(unrhymed) verse• Extraordinary use of
language• Exciting melodramatic
plots (intense emotions with a happy ending)
• Doctor Faustus – most famous play; centers on a man who sells his soul and issues surrounding it
The Renaissance in England, cont.
Ben Johnson• Wrote comedies like
The Alchemist and Every Man in His Humor
• Connected personality traits to earth elements and bodily fluids (see chart on note sheet); everything is connected and the balance of these elements determines personality type
The Renaissance in England, cont.
William Shakespeare • Greatest playwright
ever (say some) • Known for
characterization, poetry within plays, memorable lines
• Often used soliloquy = a speech delivered by an actor alone on stage that reveals the character's inner thoughts
The Renaissance in England, cont.
The Globe Theater• Most famous playhouse in England;
circular shape• Was built, torn down and rebuilt, burned
to the ground, and rebuilt (a modern version)
• Did not rely on fancy scenery – the actor’s words told of the setting
• There were three levels (floors) and various distinct areas, each serving a purpose
The Renaissance in England, cont.
The Globe Theater, cont.•Pit – area surrounding the stage; open
to the elements; standing room; small fee
•Groundlings – people who stood in the pit; poorer people watched from here
•Gallery – seats for more wealthy people; an additional fee was charged (the most expensive seats were on the stage itself)
The Renaissance in England, cont.
The Globe Theater, cont.•Heavens – roof over the stage; the
underside was painted blue with a golden sun and the stars of the zodiac
•Tiring house – backstage area•There were also acting areas on other
floors (like balconies) •Third floor – mostly for musicians •All acting levels had trap doors
The Renaissance in England, cont.
The Globe Theater, cont.•Scenery hut – small, house-like
structure over the third level; housed machinery and props
•When a flag was flying from the scenery hut’s roof, it was a sign a play was about to take place
•Plays had to be performed during the day (there was no artificial lighting)
The Renaissance in England, cont.
•The Globe: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aE2cr-fIvBA
•Tour of the current Globe: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m3VGa6Fp3zI