history of delhi
TRANSCRIPT
By-
Ankit Sagar
Sarjoo Sagar
MAP OF DELHI
INTRODUCTION TO
DELHI Delhi, known locally
as Dilli (Hindi: दिल्ली, Punjabi: ਦ ਿੱ ਲੀ, Urdu: ,ِدلّی dehli) and
by the official name National Capital Territory of
Delhi (NCT), is the largest metropolis by area and
the second-largest metropolis by population in India. It
is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by
population with more than 12.25 million inhabitants in
the territory.
It is the capital of India and its political and cultural
center. Located on the banks of the River Yamuna, Delhi
has been continuously inhabited since at least the 6th
century BCE
After the rise of the Delhi Sultanate, Delhi emerged as
a major political, cultural and commercial city along
the trade routes between northwest India and
the Gangetic plain. It is the site of many ancient and
medieval monuments, archaeological sites and remain.
Calcutta became the capital both under Company
rule and under the British Raj, until George
V announced in 1911 that it was to move back to Delhi.
A new capital city, New Delhi, was built to the south of
the old city during the 1920s.When India
gained independence from British rule in 1947, New
Delhi was declared its capital and seat of government.
As such, New Delhi houses important offices of the
federal government, including the Parliament of India,
as well as numerous national museums, monuments,
and art galleries.
GEOGRAPHY
The National Capital Territory of Delhi is spread
over an area of 1,484 km2 (573 sq m) , of which
783 km2 (302 sq m) is designated rural, and
700 km2(270 sq m) urban. Delhi has a maximum
length of 51.9 km (32 m) and the maximum
width of 48.48 km (30 m). There are three local
bodies (statutory towns) namely, Municipal
Corporation of Delhi (area is 1,397.3 km2 or 540
sq m), New Delhi Municipal Committee (42.7
km2 or 16 sq m) and Delhi Cantonment Board
(43 km2 or 17 sq m).
History Of
Delhi!!!!!
THE DELHI
SULTANATE
The delhi sultanate is a noble example for
the glory of ancient india.its culture, art
and architecture that exists even today is
praiseworthy.
Its formation:-
1. In 1206AD, Delhi was established by qutub-ud-din-aibek and
he declared himself as a Sultan of Hindustan after the death of
Mohammed Ghor
2. Qutub-ud-din-aibek ruled for 4 yrs……
3. After qutub-ud-din-aibek altamish came into power and later
he was also succeed by his daughter Razia Begum and she was
killed in a battle in 1240ad……
All together 4 dynasties from 1206-1526ad formed Delhi
sultanate
They were:
Slave dynasty
Khilji dynasty
Tughlaq dynasty
Lodi dynasty
Slave Dynasty
After qutub-ud-din-aibek, slave dynasty
started declining and over ruled by jalal-ud-
din khilji. IN TURN HE WAS SUCCEEDED BY
RAZIA BEGUM WHO WAS KILLED IN A BATTLE
IN 1240AD…..
KHILJI DYNASTY
Established by jalal-ud-din khilji... He
defeated the descendants of Balban, being
victorious came to power.. Alauddin-khilji
ascended the throne after killing his uncle
and father-in-law, jalaluddin-khilji
TUGHLAQ DYNASTY
GHIYAS-UD-DIN-TUGHLAQ DEFEATED &KILLED THE LAST RULER OF KHILJI
DYNASTY & BECAME THE RULER OF DELHI IN 1320AD.
HE WAS SUCCEEDED BY HIS SON MOHAMMED-BIN-TUGHLAQ.
FIROZ SHAH TUGHLAQ WAS A POWERFUL RULER AFTER MUHAMMAD-BIN-
TUGHLAQ.
HE BUILT A NEW CAPITAL AT DELHI & NAMED IT FIROZABAD.
HE FOUNDED THE CITIES OF HISSAR,FETEHBAD & JAUNPUR.
AFTER THE DEATH OF FIROZ SHAH TUGHLAQ THE DELHI SULTANATE
GRADUALLY DECLINED.
LODI DYNASTY:
1. WHEN ALAM SHAH VOLUNTARILY ABDICATED THE THRONE TO HIM, BAHLUL KHAN SEIZED
THE THRONE ON APRIL 19, 1451 WITH THE SUPPORT OF HIS MINISTER HAMID KHAN.
2. HE WAS THE FIRST AFGHAN RULER
3. BAHLUL KHAN EXTENDED HIS TERRITORIES OVER GWALIOR, JAUNPUR AND UPPER UTTAR
PRADESH.
4. HE APPOINTED HIS ELDEST SON BARBAK SHAH AS VICEROY OF JAUNPUR IN 1486.
5. BAHLUL KHAN WAS CONFUSED AS TO WHO SHOULD SUCCEED HIM AMONG HIS SONS BARBAK
SHAH AND NIZAM SHAH AND GRANDSON AZAM-I-HUMAYUN.
6. NIZAM SHAH SUCCEEDED BAHLAL KHAN LODI UNDER THE TITLE SIKANDER SHAH
CAUSES FOR THE DECLINE OF
DELHI SULTANATE
THERE WAS NO DEFINITE LAW OF SUCCESSION.
AFTER THE DEATH OF EACH SULTAN ,THE SITUATION GAVE RISE TO MANY
CIVIL WARS.
THE NOBLES BECAME THE KING MAKERS & CONTROLLED THE WEAK SULTANS.
JAGIR SYSTEM GAVE RISE TO DISINTEGRATION THAT WEAKENED THE
KINGDOM.
THE INVASION OF TIMUR & BABUR WAS THE MAIN CAUSE FOR THE DOWNFALL
OF THE DELHI SULTANATE.
The foundation of the city was
laid on December 15, 1911, and
was planned by Sir Edwin
Lutyens and Sir Herbert Baker,
leading 20th century British
architects
The story of Delhi unfolds far
back in the dark mists of
history. These are:
City :- Indraprastha
Date :-1450 BC (approx.)
Site :- In Purana Qila
Remains :- Archeological finds now
support the view that this was indeed
Delhi's earliest city. This has not
surprised anyone in Delhi, for popular
opinion had never doubted the existence
of Indra-prashtha. Reasons for its decline
are not known.
City :- Lal Kot or Qila Rai Pithora
Date :- 1060 AD; built by Rajput Tomaras.
12th century; captured and enlarged by the
Rajput king Prithviraj Chauhan.
Site :- QutubMinar-Mehraulicomplex.
Remains :- Very little remains of the
original Lal Kot. of the 13 gates of Rai
Pithora fort, now only three remain.
City :- Siri
Date :-1304 AD; built by Alauddin Khilji of the
Delhi Sultanate. Alauddin Khilji was well-known
for his trade reforms, so it's not surprising that
Siri was a major trading throughout the centre
the Hauz-i-Alai, 14th century.
Site :- Near Hauz Khas and Gulmohar Park.
Remains :- Some portions and walls remain.
Alauddin Khilji also built other things around
Siri. Like, the beautiful Alai Darwaza, the south
gate of the Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque and
reservoir in present-day Hauz Khas.
City :- Tughlaqabad
Date :- 1321-23 AD. Built by Ghiyasuddin
Tughlaq.
Site :- 8km from the Qutub complex.
Remains:- Walls and some ruined
buildings.
City :-Jahanpanah
Date :- Mid-14th century. Built by
Mohammad- bin-Tughlaq, the so-called
lunatic king. Actually he had some
brilliant ideas but fumbled badly in their
execution.
Site :- Between Siri and Qutub Minar.
Remains:-A few remnants of defensive
ramparts.
City :-Ferozabad
Date :- 1354 AD; by Feroze Tughlaq. It
remained the capital until Sikander Lodi
moved to Agra.
Site:- Kotla Feroze Shah.
Remains:- Only the Asoka Pillar rising
from the ruins remains. There is stadium
for cricket which is called Feroze Shah
Kotla grounds. It is also a regular bus stop.
City :- Dilli Sher Shahi (Shergarh)
Date :- 1534; This Delhi was actually
started by Humayun, the second Mughal
emperor. After he was defeated and forced
into exile, his far more able overthrower
Sher Shah
Suri completed it.
Site :- Opposite the zoo. Around Purana
Qila.
Remains:- High gates,walls,mosque and a
great baoli(well). Kabuli and Lal Darwaza
gates and the Sher Mandal.
City :- Shajahanabad
Date :- Mid-17th century. Shah Jahan, the
fifth Mughal emperor moved his capital
from Agra to here.
Site :- The existing Old Delhi.
Remains :- The Red Fort, Jama Masjid,
main streets of Old Delhi (like Chandini
Chowk), long sections of walls and several
city gates. Old Delhi might be congested,
but it still retains its medieval charm. The
people are very warm and welcoming, even
though riots between Hindus and Muslims
are quite common.
City :- New Delhi
Date :- 1920s. The formal announcement to
move the seat of power from Calcutta to
Delhi was made during the famous Delhi
Durbar in 1911. Contractors and workers
working from the designs of Edward
Lutyens completed the main buildings 20
years later. Since then Delhi has remained
the capital of India.
Site :- Connaught Place and Rajpath.
Remains:- All the main British buildings,
which include the spacious bungalows of the
now elite New Delhi area, the President's
House, the Parliament and Supreme Court.
THE MODERN DELHI
DELHI METRO
HUGE MALLS
COMMONWEALTH GAMES 2010
IGI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
ROADS & TRANSPORT
DELHI METRO
RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEM
CONNECTING DELHI, GURGAON,
NOIDA
27,000 DAILY TRIPS FROM 6:00 TO
23:00
2ND METRO IN THE WORLD TO BE
CERTIFIED ENVIRONMENT
FRIENDLY BY THE U.N
HUGE MALLS
SELECT CITYWALK
DLF
AMBIENCE
GREAT INDIAN PALACE
PROMENADE
CROSSRIVER MALL
COMMONWEALTH
GAMES 2010
LARGEST MULTI-SPORT TO BE
HELD IN INDIA
FIRST TIME TO BE HELD IN
INDIA, 2ND TIME IN ASIA
INDIA SHONE WITH 101 MEDALS
INCLUDING 38 GOLDS COMING
2ND OVERALL AFTER AUSTRALIA
IGI INTERNATIONAL
AIRPORT
BUSIEST AIRPORT IN INDIA
WITH THE COMMENCEMENT OF
T3 TERMINAL HAS BECOME
INDIA’S AND SOUTH ASIA’S MOST
IMPORTANT AND BIGGEST
AVIATION HUB
CAPACITY – 46 MILLION
T3 TERMINAL – WORLD’S EIGHTH
LARGEST PASSENGER TERMINAL
Roads & Transport
Addition of new arterial and approach roads to
improve intra-city transport and decongestion of
all National Highways at Delhi’s entry points
from its neighboring states. Road Improvement
Plan for 52 identified roads Construction of nine
new subways and improvement projects for
existing ones (flooring, illuminations, signage,
toilets, escalators etc).
Hospitality Services
Hospitality Services Planning and
building five-star hotels and the
country’s largest world-class
convention centre. Big number of
Hotels with world class facilities are
coming up to provide the tourist all
desired comforts in the city and NCR
region.
Medical Facilities
Medical Facilities The Delhi government
has decided to construct 36 hospitals in
New Delhi, in the run-up to the 2010
Commonwealth Games. Some of these hi-
tech hospitals will be built in the Trans-
Yamuna area of DelhiInitially a fund of
Rs.150 million has been planned for the
construction of the hospitals, but more
funds will be made available as and when
needed.
Power Supply
Power Supply Addition of power supply to
the existing 3,500 MW supply available to
the city. Delhi will see the availability of
power enhanced to 7,000 MW from the
present 4,000 MW by the Commonwealth
Games in 2010 In the coming years, the
city will get power from the Damodar
Valley Corp, National Thermal Power
Corp, the Dadri power plant, the Jhajhar
plant and the Pragati power plant - these
total 4,240 MW.
Green Delhi
Green Delhi Government wants to turn green
Delhi into lush green this time before the 2010
Commonwealth Games. Its horticulture
department has sown 41,000 species of plants at
Roshanara Bagh which are likely to flower
during the Games period. Some of the trees
being grown by the MCD include Plumeria Alba,
Plumeria Acutifolia, Lagerstromia Flosreginae,
Colvillea Racemosa, Bougainvillea, Hisbiscus,
Lantana, Cassia alata, Jatropha, Neem, Ashoka
tree etc. It also plans to sow five lakh plants and
shrubs so that they are ready by then.
Clean Delhi
Clean Delhi Delhi will look more
clean than ever before in the coming 2
years. With an eye on the
Commonwealth Games 2010, the
MCD has taken up the task of
civilising unruly citizens before the
event. The MCD is finalising the rules
for implementing the new fines for
littering public places, and willing to
take the help of private sector
organisations to impose the fines on
the spot.
