California’s Marine Invasive Species ProgramNicole Dobroski

California State Lands CommissionPacific Ballast Water Group

April 15, 2014

1999 Ballast Water Management for Control of Nonindigenous Species Act

2003 Marine Invasive Species Act (MISA)◦ Develop and recommend bw performance standards◦ Assess vectors other than ballast water◦Management requirements for coastal vessels

2006 Coastal Ecosystems Protection Act◦ Ballast water performance standards and implementation

schedule set in statute 2007 MISA Amendments (AB 740)◦ Address biofouling

History

Where are we now?

Arrival and discharge statistics Implementation of performance standards for the

discharge of ballast water Biofouling management Inspection and compliance program Funded research

Update of Major MISP Activities

Arrival and Discharge Statistics(Stay tuned for 2015 MISP Biennial Report)

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20130

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

Total Arrivals to California PortsQ

ualif

ying

Voy

ages

Volume Discharged Ballast Water

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20130

2000000

4000000

6000000

8000000

10000000

12000000

14000000

Mill

ion

Met

ric T

ons

Compliance of Discharged Ballast

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20130

2000000

4000000

6000000

8000000

10000000

12000000

Compliant

Noncompliant

Noncompliant Barges

Mill

ion

Met

ric T

ons

Implementation of Performance Standards for the Discharge of Ballast

Water

2007 - No technologies available, delay implementation new builds < 5000 MT from 2009 to 2010

S.B. 1781 (2008) 2009 - Systems demonstrate “potential” to meet standards,

continue with implementation 2010 - Systems demonstrate “potential” to meet standards,

continue with implementation 2013 - No technologies available to meet all of CA

performance standards, delay implementation for two years S.B. 814 (2013)

Assessments of Available Ballast Water Treatment Technologies

Performance StandardsOrganism Size Class California IMO Regulation D-2/

U.S. Federal

Organisms greater than 50 µm in minimum dimension

No detectable living organisms

< 10 viable organisms per cubic meter

Organisms 10 – 50 µm in minimum dimension

< 0.01 living organisms per ml

< 10 viable organisms per ml

Living organisms less than 10 µm in minimum dimension

Escherichia coli

Intestinal enterococci

Toxicogenic Vibrio cholerae (O1 & O139)

< 103 bacteria/100 ml< 104 viruses/100 ml

< 126 cfu/100 ml

< 33 cfu/100 ml

< 1cfu/100 ml or < 1cfu/gram wet weight

zoological samples

< 250 cfu/100 ml

< 100 cfu/100 ml

< 1 cfu/100 ml or < 1 cfu/gram wet weight

zooplankton samples

Ballast Water Capacity of Vessel Standards apply to new vessels in this size class constructed on or after

Standards apply to all other vessels in this size class beginning in

< 1500 metric tons 2009 2010 2016 2016 2018

1500 – 5000 metric tons 2009 2010 2016 2014 2016

> 5000 metric tons 2012 2016 2016 2018

Implementation Schedule

No USCG type approved systems available◦ CA does not require use of USCG type approved systems, but…

Type approval testing (USCG, IMO) does not address CA standards

Limits of detection/methods for select standards 10-50, total living bacteria, total living viruses

Absence compliance assessment protocols◦ Chicken and egg situation remains

Challenges

“…move the state expeditiously toward the elimination of the discharge of nonindigenous species into the waters of the state…, based on the best available technology economically achievable.”

Marine Invasive Species Act Mandate

Application for use of experimental treatment systems◦ Provides 5-year equivalency to CA standards◦ STEP

Use of USCG AMS in California waters Potable water

Retention remains most protective strategy◦ 85% arrivals to CA waters retain all ballast◦ However, all vessels still pose biofouling risk

Alternatives to Exchange

Ballast water compliance monitoring and sampling system◦ The Glosten Associates

FDA bulk viability assay◦ Dr. Nick Welschmeyer, Moss Landing Marine Laboratories

Shore-based treatment feasibility study◦Managed by Delta Stewardship Council◦ RFP available mid-year

Funded Ballast Water Research

“…move the state expeditiously toward the elimination of the discharge of nonindigenous species into the waters of the state…, based on the best available technology economically achievable.”

Marine Invasive Species Act Mandate

The “best available technology economically achievable” could apply to both BWTS and compliance methods.

NPDES permits may contain discharge limits below the limits of available detection technologies◦ Dischargers that can reach “no-detectable” using best

available technology in compliance with limit in permit

Could this approach work to implement California standards?

Next Steps

Biofouling Management

AB 740 (2007)◦ Removal of biofouling on a “regular” basis◦ Authority to collect hull husbandry data

Hull Husbandry Reporting Form ◦ Implemented 2008

5-year data set◦ Hull husbandry

Cleanings, coatings, MGPS◦ Voyage characteristics

Speed, port residency,

Biofouling Management

Information Gathering◦ Data from HHRF ◦ Funded research

ABPRI – ship biofouling and emerging regulatory policies (LoF)◦ Input from Technical Advisory Group

Status◦ TAG meetings 2010/11◦ Initially introduced September 2011◦Multiple amendments, public comment periods◦One-year APA deadline expired September 2012◦Working with TAG to reintroduce in 2014

Biofouling Management Regulations

Reviewing existing inspection protocols for marine safety personnel◦ Safety – confined spaces◦ Re-evaluate priority boarding matrix◦ Consistency of training and operation in field◦ Regulatory landscape increasingly complex

Inspectors primary source of outreach to vessels Prepare for biofouling management regulations and

implementation of performance standards◦ Ensure efficiency of operation

Enforcement regulations

Update Inspection and Compliance Program

Federal Legislation◦ S. 2094

USCG rulemaking◦Maritime Federalism and Preemption

Opportunity for group discussion?◦Major implications for all state

programs operating under NISA and/or CWA

Programmatic Challenges

2014 Rulemakings◦ Enforcement ◦ Biofouling management

BW treatment technology assessment report ◦ Due July 1, 2014

BW compliance assessment methods◦ ETV as guide for methods of analysis◦ Novel techniques?

Limits of detection Shore-based feasibility study Biennial Report – January 2015

Stay tuned

For more informationhttp://www.slc.ca.gov

nicole.dobroski@slc.ca.gov

Questions?