historical badshahi mosque,...
TRANSCRIPT
Historical Badshahi Mosque, Lahore
PAKISTAN EMERGENCY SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS
January 2013
“Disaster risk reduction has been a part of USAID’s work for decades. ……..we strive to do so in ways that better assess the threat of hazards, reduce losses, and ultimately protect and save
more people during the next disaster.” Kasey Channell,
Acting Director of the Disaster Response and Mitigation Division of USAID’s O�ce of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA)
District Lahore
“Disasters can be seen as often as predictable events, requiring forward planning which is integrated in to broader development programs.”
Helen Clark, UNDP Administrator, Bureau of Crisis Preven on and Recovery. Annual Report 2011
Credits
Authors:
Naeem Ahmad, Zohaib Omer, Mutee ul Rehman, Salman Mulk, Sumbal Kazmi, and Anne Qureshi
Contributors:
Hadya Ali, Dr. Ahmad Ali Malik, Zohaib Fazal, Pervaiz Ahmed, Khurram Shahid, and Shakeel Ahmed
Editorial Reviews:
Fayyaz Ali Khan, Craig Von Hagen and Mehdi Bokhari
Desktop Publishing:
Noman Ali and Sarfaraz Ayub
GIS Analysis and Mapping:
Imra Shaheen, Omer Younus, Naveed Alam, Qasim Jan, and Fayaz Ahmed
Administrative Support:
Muhammad Wajid
Disclaimer
iMMAP Pakistan is pleased to publish this district profile. The purpose of this profile is to promote public awareness, welfare, and safety while providing community and other related stakeholders, access to vital information for enhancing their disaster mitigation and response efforts.
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NOTE:
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Table of Contents District Lahore at a Glance ............................................................................................................... i Reference Map .................................................................................................................................ii Acronyms ........................................................................................................................................ iii 1 Background Information
1.1 Introduction...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 History ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.2 Geography ................................................................................................................. 2 1.1.3 Culture (Ethnicity, Religion and Politics) ................................................................... 2 1.1.4 Administrative Division ............................................................................................. 4 1.1.5 Road Network Infrastructure .................................................................................... 4 1.1.6 Irrigation.................................................................................................................... 5 Irrigation Infrastructure Map .................................................................................................. 7 1.1.7 Solid Waste Management ......................................................................................... 8
1.2 Demography ..................................................................................................................... 9 1.2.1 Population Characteristics ........................................................................................ 9 1.2.2 Population Growth Pattern ..................................................................................... 10 1.2.3 Population Distribution by Age and Gender ........................................................... 10 1.2.4 Dependent Population ............................................................................................ 11 Population Density Map ....................................................................................................... 12
1.3 Livelihood ....................................................................................................................... 13 1.3.1 Main Sources of Livelihood/Income ....................................................................... 13 1.3.2 Agriculture .............................................................................................................. 14 1.3.3 Industry ................................................................................................................... 15 1.3.4 Livestock .................................................................................................................. 16
1.4 Food Security .................................................................................................................. 18 1.4.1 Availability ............................................................................................................... 18 1.4.2 Access ...................................................................................................................... 19 1.4.3 Utilization ................................................................................................................ 19
1.5 Health and Immunization ............................................................................................... 21 1.5.1 Health Facilities ....................................................................................................... 21 Lahore Health Facilities Map ................................................................................................ 23
1.6 Education ........................................................................................................................ 24 1.6.1 Highlights ................................................................................................................ 24 1.6.2 District School Enrolment Ratio .............................................................................. 24 1.6.3 Gender and Level Wise Details ............................................................................... 25
2 Disaster History and Its Impact 2.1 Disaster in District .......................................................................................................... 27
2.1.1 Disaster History ....................................................................................................... 27 Lahore Risk Analysis Map ...................................................................................................... 28 Flood Hazard Map ................................................................................................................. 29
3 Hazard Vulnerability and Capacity Analysis 3.1 Hazard: ........................................................................................................................... 30
3.1.1 Natural hazard ........................................................................................................ 30 3.1.2 Man-made hazard ................................................................................................... 30
3.2 Vulnerability: .................................................................................................................. 31 3.2.1 Physical/material vulnerability: .............................................................................. 31 3.2.2 Social/organizational vulnerability: ........................................................................ 31 3.2.3 Attitudinal/motivational vulnerability: ................................................................... 31
3.3 Capacity: ......................................................................................................................... 33 3.3.1 Physical/material capacity: ..................................................................................... 33 3.3.2 Social /organizational capacity: .............................................................................. 33 3.3.3 Attitudinal/motivational capacity: .......................................................................... 33
4 Coordination and Support Services 4.1 Important Contacts ........................................................................................................ 35
4.1.1 List of Health Facilities ............................................................................................ 35 4.1.2 List of Rural Health Centre (RHC) ............................................................................ 35 4.1.3 List of Basic Health Units (BHU) .............................................................................. 35 4.1.4 List of NGOs working in Lahore............................................................................... 36 4.1.5 List of Departmental Focal Points for Emergencies ................................................ 37 4.1.6 List of Control Rooms used in Emergency .............................................................. 38 4.1.7 List of Police Stations/Police Posts ......................................................................... 38
List of Tables and Maps List of Tables
SR # Name Page
1.1.1 Administrative Division of District 4
1.1.2 Metalled Road Length in District Lahore 4
1.1.3 Area Sown, Un-Irrigated and Irrigated by Mode of Irrigation 5
1.1.4 Mouzas Reporting Sources of Irrigation 6
1.1.5 Solid Waste Management Facilities at District Level 8
1.2.1 Estimated Population of District for 2010 9
1.2.2 Population Details by Tehsil 11
1.3.1 Mouzas Reporting Sources of Employment 13
1.3.2 Food and Cash Crops Cultivated in District 14
1.3.3 Livestock in District Lahore 16
1.3.4 Veterinary Institutions in District Lahore 17
1.4.1 Number of Mouza Reporting Major Crops 18
1.4.2 Distance of Mouzas from Wholesale Markets 19
1.4.3 Percentage Distribution of HH by Source of Drinking Water 20
1.4.4 Percentage Distribution of HH by Type of Toilet 20
1.5.1 Number of Health Facilities by Type 21
1.5.2 Pre and Post-Natal Consultation by Area and Person/Facility 22
1.6.1 Gross and Net Enrolment Rates by Gender and Locality at Different levels 25
1.6.2 Enrolment and Educational Facilities by level and Gender 26
List of Maps
1 Reference Map ii
2 Irrigation Infrastructure Map 7
3 Population Density Map 12
4 Lahore Health Facility Map 23
5 Lahore Risk Analysis Map 22
6 Flood Hazard Map 29
i
District Lahore at a Glance
1 According to new PCO boundaries the total area for district Lahore is 1,683.14 Km2
2 http://www.census.gov.pk/PUNJAB/LAHORE.htm 3 http://ecp.gov.pk/VoterStats/PunjabFed.aspx
Area 1,7721 Sq. Kms. Population - 1998 6,318,745 persons
Male 3,328,502 (52.68 %) Female 2,990,243 (47.32 %)
Sex Ratio (males per 100 females) 111.3 Population Density 3,565.9 per Sq. Km Urban Population 5,209,088 (82.44 %) Rural Population 1,109,657 (17.56 %) Average Household Size 7.1 Literacy Rate (10 +) (2010 est.) 77 %
Male 80 % Female 73 %
Population - 1981 3,544,942 persons Average Annual Growth Rate (1981 - 98) 3.46 % Total Housing Units 881,708
Pakka Housing Units 813,772 (92.29 %) Housing Units having Electricity 845,334 (95.87 %)
Housing Units having Piped Water 662,725 (75.16 %) Housing Units using Gas for Cooking 556,772 (63.15 %)
Administrative Units (2010) Talukas2 2 Towns 10 Union Councils 165 Mauzas 360 Registered Voters (Gross)3 4,349,904
Male 2,486,121 Female 1,863,783
ii
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Acronymsiii
ACO Agriculture Census Organization BHU Basic Health Unit CD/GD Civil Dispensary/Government Dispensary CFW Cash For Work DCR District Census Report DDRMP District Disaster Risk Management Plan ECP Election Commission of Pakistan FAO Food and Agricultural Organization GER Gross Enrolment Rate GOS Government of Sindh HH Household NADRA National Database and Registration Authority NDMA National Disaster Management Authority NDP National Drainage Program NER Net Enrolment Rate NFIs Non-Food Items NGO Non-Governmental Organization NHA National Highway Authority NRSP National Rural Support Programme PBS Pakistan Bureau of Statistics PCO Population Census Organization PDMA Provincial Disaster Management Authority PLW Pregnant and Lactating Women PSLM Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement Survey RHC Rural Health Centre SDPI Sustainable Development Policy Institute SMCs School Member Committees SUPARCO Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission UC Union Council UNICEF United Nations Children's Fund UNOCHA United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs WFP World Food Program WHO World Health Organization
DISTRICT LAHORE1
1 Background Information 1.1 Introduction
1.1.1 History Lahore is the capital of the province of Punjab, and is the second most densely populated city in Pakistan. It is also known as the Paris of the East, Gardens of the Mughals or City of Gardens, after the significant rich heritage of the Mughal Empire. In most popular culture, Lahore is known as the Heart of Pakistan. It is located near the rivers Ravi and Wagah, close to the Pakistan-India border.
According to Encyclopedia Britannica, the famous Chinese traveler Yowang Chowang has mentioned the city of Lahore as the great city of Bahamans. Lahore was called by different names in the ancient times. According to the Hindu mythology the city of Lahore is named after the son of prince Ram Chandar whose name was “Loh” and who originated this city (James Taad 1883; Kanhya laal 1882; Sir Richard Temple 1884; Tahqeeq-e-Chisti 1867). The old writings tell us about the origin of a definitive city in the 10th century. In the written history, the oldest book in which we can find Lahore is “Tareekh-ul-Hind” by Abu-Rehan Al Bairooni, who traveled to India in the 11th century. In his book he remembers Lahore as an area and not as a city whose capital was “Mandhor kor”. The famous Sufi saint of Lahore Hazrat Data Gunj Buksh who died in Lahore in 1088 A.D has also mentioned the city Lahore in his book “Kashf-ul-Maajuub”. Abul -Farj who was a poet in the Ghaznavi period has written the name as “Loha-wr”. An Iranian scholar “Tahir Marozi” of 11th century, in his book “Nazhat ul Mushtaq Fe Akhteraq ul Affaq”, has mentioned Lahore as “Laha-wr”. Ameer khusro in his Masnavi “Quran ul Sadeen” has written the name as “Lao-hore” in 13th century when he portrays the attack of the Mughals. Nonetheless, the origin of the name “Lahore” can be mainly attributed to the name given by Ram Chander.
There were no Muslim dwellers before the 10th century. The city was of no historical significance before the attacks of Mahmood Ghaznavi in the 11th century. It was the capital of the Ghaznavid dynasty from 1163 to 1186. A Mongol army sacked Lahore in 1241. During the 14th century, the Mongols repeatedly attacked the city until 1398, when it fell under the control of the Turkish conqueror Timur. In 1524, it was captured by the Mughal Emperor Babur's troops. This marked the beginning of Lahore's golden age under the Mughal dynasty, when the city was often the place of royal residence. It was greatly expanded during the reign of Shah Jahan (1628-58) but declined in importance during the reign of his successor, Aurangzeb.
After the death of Aurangzeb (1707), Lahore was subjected to a power struggle between the Mughal and the Sikh rulers. With the invasion of Nadir Shah, in the mid-18th century, Lahore
BACKGROUND INFORMATION2
became an outpost of the Iranian empire. However, it soon was associated with the rise of the Sikhs, becoming once more the seat of a powerful government during the rule of Ranjit Singh (1799-1839). After Singh's death, the city rapidly declined, and it passed under the British rule in 1849. British colonial structure is still manifest in the buildings of Lahore. British rulers built known educational institutions in this city, famous among those are Government College (Now GC University) and the University of Punjab. When the Indian subcontinent received independence in 1947, Lahore became the capital of West Punjab province; in 1955 it was made the capital of the newly created West Pakistan province, which was reconstituted as Punjab province in 19704.
1.1.2 Geography Lahore lies between 31° 15ʹ and 31° 45ʹ north latitude and 74° 01ʹ and 74° 39ʹ east longitude. The district is bounded on the north and west by Sheikhupura district, on the east by Indian Punjab, and on the south by Kasur district. Ravi River flows on the northern side of Lahore. Lahore city covers a total land area of 404 sq.km and is still growing5.
The climate of Lahore features a hot semi -arid climate, long and extremely hot summers, dry winters, a monsoon and dust storms. The weather of Lahore is extreme during the months of May, June and July, when the temperatures soar to 40–48 °C (104–118 °F). From late June till August, the monsoon seasons starts, with heavy rainfall throughout the province. The city’s highest maximum temperature was 48.3 °C, recorded on May 30, 1944 and 48 °C that was recorded on June 9, 2007. The lowest temperature recorded in Lahore is −2.2 °C (28.0 °F), recorded on 16 January 1935. The highest rainfall in the city recorded during 24 hours is 221 millimeters (8.7 in), which occurred on 13 August 20086.
1.1.3 Culture (Ethnicity, Religion and Politics) Lahore's culture is unique due to its history. Known as the cultural capital or the Heart of Pakistan for the same reason, the city has been the seat to the Mughal Empire, the Sikh Empire and the capital of Punjab in the Mahmud Ghaznavi's Empire (11th century) and the British Empire. So the cultural amalgamation of each regime is still evident in its Mughal architecture, in buildings such as the Badshahi Mosque, Lahore Fort, Shalimar Gardens and tombs of Jehangir and Noor Jehan, as well as in the British colonial structures such as the Lahore High Court and the General Post Office. This “Paris of the East” has been home to many renowned artists, painters, singers and writers. It was also the chosen abode of one of the most well-known Muslim saints and important proselytizer of Islam in South Asia, Abul Hassan Ali Hajweri, commonly known as Data Gunj Bakhsh. His glittering mausoleum in Lahore, the Data Darbar, draws hundreds of thousands of devotees each year. In addition, the city’s colleges and universities have educated many of the country’s top leaders. A number of cultural festivals are 4 http://www.lahore.g2gm.com/history.htm (accessed on 10/12/2012) 5 http://lahore.local.pk/wiki/?id=geography (accessed on 10/12/2012) 6 http://www.pakmet.com.pk/pages/lahore-weather/lahore-weather-28.aspx (accessed on 10/12/2012)
DISTRICT LAHORE3
celebrated in this city including the Eid-ul-Fitr, Eid-ul-Azha, Shab-e-Barat, Basant, Jashan-e-Baharaan and Mela Charaghaan.
The educational institutions of Lahore have produced known politicians, prime ministers, writers, poets, scientists and Nobel laureate of Pakistan and the subcontinent. Some of the famous personalities are Allama Muhammad Iqbal, Faiz Ahmad Faiz, Dr. Abdus Salam, Mehbob-ul-Haque, Patras Bokhari, Khushwant Singh, Dr. Israr Ahmad and many more have studied at Government College Lahore.
Punjabi is the native language of the province and is the most widely spoken language in Lahore. Punjabi is the primary means of communication, in both, the city and the adjoining rural areas of the city. The English language is becoming popular with the youngsters of Lahore as it is the preferred language within the government and the business community and is a status symbol. According to the 1998 census, 86.2% of the population is of Punjabis; 10.2% or 816,000 persons are Urdu speakers and the Seraikis, at 0.4%, number about 32,0007.
Politically, too, the city has a rich history. Lahore was the site of the 1940 All India Muslim League session that passed the Lahore Resolution, demanding a separate homeland for India’s Muslims on the basis of the “Two Nation Theory”. Pakistan People’s Party (PPP) was founded in 1967 in Lahore and the city is also the hometown of two-time Prime Minister, Mian Nawaz Sharif, President of Pakistan Muslim League (PML-N).
Since the separation of East Pakistan (now Bangladesh), if not before, Lahore has played a central role in deciding the direction of political course in the country. It was at the heart of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto’s Islamic social democracy, providing the charismatic leader with supportive crowds that carried him to power literally on their shoulders. At the climax of the Bhutto story, the city once again found itself at the forefront of the anti-government agitation by the Pakistan National Alliance: a conglomerate of nine right-wing parties opposed not just to Bhutto’s leftist policies but also his alleged rigging of the 1977 general polls. The next big swing in the city’s political leanings was witnessed in 1986 when Benazir Bhutto came back to Pakistan and was received by a million-strong crowd in the streets of Lahore. Only years later, Lahore propelled Mian Nawaz Sharif to power, heralding a change in political support, away from the left-leaning Bhuttos to the right wing Mian Nawaz Sharif. But he was overthrown and sent to prison facing charges of murder and treason as Pakistan embarked on yet another long period of rule by the military under General Pervaiz Musharraf8.
However, vestiges of the city’s political past manifested in the way its people voted in 2002, giving a majority of the National Assembly seats to the PML-N, with a sizeable number going to the PPP and a couple to the Pakistan Muslim League (Q). In the last general elections of 2008, Pakistan Muslim League (PML-N) swept the whole district and won eleven out of thirteen National Assembly seats and twenty-two out of twenty-five provincial assembly seats9.
7 http://www.talkqueen.com/Which-are-the-main-Languages-spoken-in-Lahore-q181225 8 http://archives.dawn.com/weekly/herald/herald47.htm (accessed on 10/12/2012) 9 http://www2.ecp.gov.pk/vsite/complete/AllResults.aspx?assemblyid=NA (accessed on 10/12/2012)
BACKGROUND INFORMATION4
4
1.1.4 Administrative Division Lahore enjoys special administrative privileges as it is the provincial capital of Pujnab province. It is also a divisional headquarters, which includes four districts i.e., Lahore, Sheikhupura, Nankana Sahib and Kasur. District Lahore is divided into two tehsils, namely: Lahore City Tehsil and Lahore Cantt Tehsil. There are 213 patwar circles, 165 union councils and 360 Mouzas (Revenue Villages) in the district. 211 of the mouzas are rural while only 92 mouzas are declared urban and 40 mouzas are partly urban.
Table 1.1.1: Administrative Division of District
LAHORE
Knungo Circles/
Supervisory Tapas
Patwar Circles/
Tapas
Number of Mouzas
Total Rural Urban Partly urban Forest Un-
populated LAHORE DISTRICT 22 213 360 211 92 40 17 LAHORE CITY TEHSIL 10 76 115 51 40 15 9 LAHORE CANTT TEHSIL 12 137 245 160 52 25 8
Source: Mouza Statistics of Punjab 2008, Agriculture Census Organization
1.1.5 Road Network Infrastructure This district has a well-established road network infrastructure of high quality roads. Being the provincial capital, Lahore is well-connected with other cities of Pakistan. Two major roads of Pakistan pass through this city, known as the Grand Trunk (GT) road and Motorway. The city district has metalled roads within the city. The following table gives details of the roads.
Table1.1.2: Metalled Road Length in District Lahore (in Kilometers)
District
District Total
National Highways
Motor-way
Provincial Highways
R&B Sector
Farm to Market Roads
Sugar Cess Roads
District Council
Roads Lahore 1244.41 48.43 000 113.60 245.31 343.47 000 493.6
Source: Punjab Development Statistics (2011), P&D Department, Government of Punjab
In addition to that, two mega projects of road networks are under construction in this city, named as Lahore Ring Road (LRR) Project and Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS). The details are given as under:
Lahore Ring Road Project is an 85 Km long six lane high speed motorway around Lahore city. There is one emergency lane on both sides of the road. Almost 425,000 vehicles will pass through it daily. All link roads with Lahore Ring Road (LRR) will be improved and widened in addition to repairing all important highways of the city to cater to the flow of traffic. As many as 20 interchanges will be erected on the road to provide better transport facilities. The northern loop of this project has been completed as 45 Km out of the 85Km of roads have been constructed. This project is expected to be completed by the end of year 201210.
10 http://tribune.com.pk/story/329987/lahore-ring-road-commuters-to-pay-tax-through-14-toll-plazas/ (accessed on 10/12/2012)
5DISTRICT LAHORE
In order to cope with the ever increasing traffic congestion on the roads of Lahore district, Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) carried a comprehensive study on the transportation system in Lahore. The study formulated a transportation plan for the city for the next 20 years. The master plan identified the urgent need of rapid transit system for the city. The Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS) is being built in collaboration with Istanbul (Turkey). This is the first ever rapid mass transit system in Pakistan. When completed, it will consist of 32 kilometer long lane of the metro bus service. Lahore Transport Company has defined two corridors on which the Bus Transit will run: Ferozepur Road line extending 28 km and Multan Road Line extending 12 km. The approximate cost of this project is Rs.21 Billion. Work on the project is in full swing. The project includes elevated road from Kalma chowk to Bhati Gate. The Chief Minister of Punjab has given December end as the deadline to complete the project as it will be inaugurated on 25th December 201211.
1.1.6 Irrigation Pakistan’s economy is largely dependent on irrigation, because of its arid and semi-arid climate. Lahore branch canal is the major source of water used for irrigation of lands in and around the city. Lahore branch canal is a beautiful waterway passing through the second largest city of Pakistan, Lahore. The Lahore branch, Niaz Baig distributory, serves the districts of Lahore and Kasur with 400,000 acres of fertile agriculture land having a population of about 2.0 million inhabitants. All the area is being irrigated by gravity flow. The water in the canal is used publicly for swimming, washing, boating, fishing, drinking, recreational activities and irrigation. However, other modes of land irrigation like pumps and tube wells are also used.12 Table 1.1.3, given below, shows the total irrigated area of district Lahore by different modes of irrigation. Out of 165 thousand hectares, most of the area is being irrigated by canal and Tube Wells. However, the rest is irrigated by mixed modes i.e. wells and spate Irrigation method.
Table 1.1.3: Area Sown, Un-Irrigated and Irrigated by Mode of Irrigation (Thousand Hectares)
Division/District Total Area
Sown
Un-Irrigated
Irrigated
Total Canals Wells Tube wells
Canal Wells
Canal Tube Wells
Others
Lahore 169 4 165 40 20 22 11 72 - Source: Punjab Development Statistics (2011), P&D Department, Government of Punjab
11 Preliminary Information Memorandum (2012), Bus Rapid Transit System, Government of Punjab 12 http://www.ceacsu.edu.pk/PDF%20file/Volume%2012%20No%201%20and%202/88-94.pdf (accessed on 10/12/2012)
BACKGROUND INFORMATION6
Table 1.1.4: Number of Mouzas Reporting Sources of Irrigation
ADMINISTRATIVE UNIT
RURAL
POPU
LATED M
OU
ZAS
NUMBERS OF MOUZAS REPORTING SOURCE OF IRRIGATION
WATER COURSE IMPROVEMENT SCHEME
CANAL
RIVER
TUBEW
ELL/ W
ELL
RAVINE
SPRING
/ STREAM
/KAREZ
ARID
FLOO
DING
/ TO
RRENT
OTHERS
NO OF MOUZAS TO
TAL W
ATER CO
URSE
IMPRO
VED W
ATER CO
URSES
REPO
RTIN
G
OTH
ERS
LAHORE DISTRICT NUMBER 251 187 8 176 6 - 1 8 3 187 64 448 239
PERCENT 100 75 3 70 2 - - 3 1 75 25 100 53
LAHORE CITY TEHSIL NUMBER 66 51 6 54 3 - 1 8 2 51 15 151 84
PERCENT 100 77 9 82 5 - 2 12 3 77 23 100 56
LAHORE CANTT TEHSIL NUMBER 185 136 2 122 3 - - - 1 136 49 297 155
PERCENT 100 74 1 66 2 - - - 1 74 26 100 52
Source: Mouza Statistics of Punjab: 2008, Agriculture Census Organization
7DISTRICT LAHORE
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BACKGROUND INFORMATION8
1.1.7 Solid Waste Management According to World Health Organization, waste is defined as any substance or object arising from human or animal activities that has to be discarded as ‘unwanted’ (Economopoulos, 1993). Solid waste consists of the discarded portion of household material, dead animal remains, trade, hospitals, commercial, agriculture & industrial waste and other large waste like debris from construction site, furniture etc.
In Punjab, growth of population, industrialization and urbanization has resulted in generation of large volumes of solid waste. The amount of solid waste generated in Punjab’s urban areas is 40% more than the amount of waste collected per day i.e. 16,000 tons per day. 13
Table 1.1.5 shows the Solid Waste Management Statistics of district Lahore along with the classification of UC’s as Urban and Rural UC’s. As shown below, the district sanitation coverage is 93% of the total, with a satisfactory ratio of waste management facilities i.e. 70%. Also, the growth rate of waterborne diseases originating as a result of insufficient waste disposal facilities is 14%. Table 1.1.5: Solid Waste Management Facilities at District Level14
District No. of Unions Council Sanitation Coverage
Solid Waste Management
Diarrhea/Water Born Diseases
Lahore Urban Rural Total
118 32 150 93% 70% 14%
13 KOICA-World Bank Joint Study on Solid Waste Management in Punjab (2007), (http://www.urbanunit.gov.pk/pubpublic/pubcomp/22.pdf) 14 Draft Punjab Sanitation Strategy
9DISTRICT LAHORE
1.2 Demography
1.2.1 Population Characteristics In Pakistan, male population is more than the female population and is among those four countries where life expectancy for female, at birth, is less than that of males15. Sex ratio in Lahore is 111 male per 100 females, which is more than the ratio at the National level that is 10616. Though there could be other possible reasons for such a difference in male to female ratio, one probable reason of this ratio could be underreporting of females during national surveys. Besides, a very high maternal mortality rate17 and poor health care at the district and provincial level18 are likely to be instrumental for this difference. Unlike majority of the other districts of Punjab, Lahore is an urban district. 82 percent of the population resides in urban area and 18 percent resides in the rural areas.
Table 1.2.1: Estimated Population of District for 2010 AGE
GROUP (IN YEARS)
TOTAL RURAL URBAN
BOTH SEXES MALE FEMALE BOTH SEXES MALE FEMALE BOTH SEXES MALE FEMALE
ALL AGES 9,510,056 5,009,577 4,500,479 1,670,094 883,616 786,478 7,839,962 4,125,961 3,714,001 00 -- 04 1,195,557 609,320 586,237 255,394 130,645 124,749 940,162 478,675 461,487 05 -- 09 1,283,356 661,608 621,747 264,599 137,366 127,233 1,018,756 524,242 494,514 10 -- 14 1,252,109 648,510 603,599 225,663 117,844 107,819 1,026,446 530,666 495,780 15 -- 19 1,078,155 554,981 523,174 174,209 90,437 83,771 903,946 464,544 439,402 20 -- 24 942,188 495,583 446,605 151,065 81,019 70,047 791,123 414,564 376,559 25 -- 29 754,795 402,151 352,645 120,623 64,781 55,842 634,173 337,370 296,803 30 -- 34 646,936 347,717 299,218 105,116 57,141 47,975 541,820 290,576 251,243 35 -- 39 528,264 286,073 242,190 81,098 44,927 36,171 447,165 241,146 206,019 40 -- 44 459,069 250,924 208,145 69,034 37,670 31,364 390,035 213,254 176,781 45 -- 49 348,167 186,506 161,661 51,089 27,022 24,067 297,078 159,485 137,594 50 -- 54 319,707 175,017 144,690 48,080 26,509 21,572 271,626 148,508 123,118 55 -- 59 207,695 115,773 91,921 32,371 17,526 14,844 175,324 98,247 77,077 60 -- 64 185,429 102,416 83,013 31,922 17,508 14,414 153,507 84,908 68,599 65 -- 69 112,772 62,353 50,419 19,393 10,650 8,743 93,380 51,703 41,676 70 -- 74 95,100 54,340 40,760 18,521 10,590 7,932 76,579 43,750 32,828
75 & ABOVE 100,759 56,304 44,455 21,917 11,982 9,935 78,842 44,322 34,520 Source: Estimated using Table 4 Census 1998
15 A profil for District Badin, 2009. South-Asia Partnership Pakistan 16 Labour Force Survey 2010-11: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics 17 0.3 for Punjab, Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey, 2006-07: National Institute of Population Studies,
Pakistan. pp. 179 18 Mean distance from hospital/dispensary is 12 km for Sindh: Pakistan Mouza Statistics, Table 15
DEMOGRAPHY10
6,3
18,7
45
6,5
37,4
19
6,7
63,7
19
6,9
97,9
13
7,2
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2,000,000
4,000,000
6,000,000
8,000,000
10,000,000
12,000,000
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Population Growth Pattern
6.4% 7.0% 6.8%
5.8% 5.2%
4.2% 3.7%
3.0% 2.6%
2.0% 1.8%
1.2% 1.1%
0.7% 0.6% 0.6%
6.2% 6.5%
6.3% 5.5%
4.7% 3.7%
3.1% 2.5%
2.2% 1.7%
1.5% 1.0% 0.9%
0.5% 0.4% 0.5%
1-45-9
10-1415-1920-2425-2930-3435-3940-4445-4950-5455-5960-6465-6970-74
75+
FEMALE MALE
1.2.2 Population Growth Pattern Total population of the district, in 1998, was 6,318,74519. Population of district Lahore has an estimated growth rate of 3.46% per annum, which means that the population would double itself in 20.23 years20 from 1998. This high growth rate is a result of high percentage of in-migrants in Lahore from other provinces and districts of Pakistan. According to the 1998 census, 16.3821% of the total population was that of the in-migrants. 39.32 percent of the population is below 15 years of age and 3.25 percent is 65 years or above. The estimated population for 2010 is 9,510,056, showing a 51% increase in 12 years from 1998.
1.2.3 Population Distribution by Age and Gender
Out of the total population, 53 percent are males and 47 percent are females. Largest cohort of population is 5-9 years with a population of 1,238,356, which decreases with 5 years interval. The age distribution of the districts is such that in all the age groups, male population out numbers female population.
19 District Census Report Table 01 20 Rule of 70 http://controlgrowth.org/double.htm 21 Total migrant population of district Lahore according to 1998 census was 1,034,848. For reference please see table 19 of the district Census report
11DISTRICT LAHORE
Dependent 42.48%
Labor Force
57.52%
Dependent Population percent
1.2.4 Dependent Population Economically dependent population is considered to be the population that is less than 15 years and more than 65 years of age. In addition to them, widowed, and/or divorced women are also considered dependent population. Dependent population, in the case of Lahore district, is 42.48 percent of the total population and the working population is 57.52 percent, which shows that dependency ratio22 in the district is 73.85 percent.
Table 1.2.2: Population Details by Tehsils Tehsil Area Population Male Female Pop Density Sex Ratio Average HH Size Estimated HHs UCs LAHORE CANTT 1,031 5,849,643 3,088,008 2,761,635 5,676 112 7 835,663 90 LAHORE CITY 652 3,660,414 1,922,029 1,738,385 5,610 111 7.2 508,391 75 Total 1,683 9,510,056 5,010,036 4,500,020 5650 111 7.1 1,344,054 165
Source: Estimated on the Basis of Table 1 District Census Report
22 Dependency Ratio= (Population < 15 Years + Population > 65 Years)/ Population 15-65 Years
DEMOGRAPHY12
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13DISTRICT LAHORE
1.3 Livelihood
1.3.1 Main Sources of Livelihood/Income Lahore, the capital of populous Punjab province, and second largest city of Pakistan, is the cultural, political, and educational center of Pakistan. The economic base of Lahore is broad and varied. A major industrial agglomeration with about 9,000 industrial units, it has shifted in recent decades from manufacturing to service industries. Some 42% of its work force is employed in finance, banking, real estate, community, cultural, and social services23. The city is the country’s largest software producing center, and hosts a growing computer-assembly industry. Lahore has the second largest stock exchange in the country. The monthly average household (HH) income is Rs. 20,000/- in this district, which is considered reasonable24. Despite being the economic hub of the province and country, based on the 2001 poverty line and personal incomes for fiscal year 2002 survey, 30% of the city’s total population is poor. The incidence of poverty varies in the nine towns of the city. The highest incidence is in the more than 300 katchi abadis, which are informally developed and are poor settlements and houses and home to about 35%–50% of the city’s total population. The vast majority of the populations in katchi abadis live below the poverty line25. Punjab Mouza Statistics reported sources of employment for rural mouzas only. Yet these statistics are relevant to assess the sources of livelihood for district Lahore. There are a total of 360 mouzas in district Lahore, out of which 92 are urban, 40 are partly urban, 211 are rural and 17 are unpopulated mouzas. The following table shows the sources of employment for different mouzas of Lahore. Out of the 360 mouzas, 173 mouzas (48%) reported agriculture as a source of employment for most of the male population. But in the category of some, even in the rural mouzas, majority of the mouzas have reported services, labour and personal business as a source of employment.
Table1.3.1: Mouzas Reporting Sources of Employment GENDER QUANTIFICATION SERVICE AGRICULTURE TRADE INDUSTRY PERSONAL
BUSINESS OVERSEAS
EMPLOYEMENT LABOUR
MALE MOSTLY 13 173 4 - 3 - 25
SOME 219 69 117 75 165 71 196 NONE 19 9 130 176 83 180 30
FEMALE MOSTLY - 40 1 - - 1 106
SOME 121 78 33 39 69 14 125 NONE 130 133 217 212 182 236 20
Source: Mouza Statistics of Punjab: 2008, Agriculture Census Organization
23 Preparing the Lahore Rapid Mass Transit System, (2008), Asian Development Bank, Project No. 40573 24 Food Insecurity in Pakistan (2009), Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI), Islamabad 25 Preparing the Lahore Rapid Mass Transit System, (2008), Asian Development Bank, Project No. 40573
LIVELIHOOD14
0
50
100
150
200
1981
-82
1982
-83
1983
-84
1984
-85
1985
-86
1986
-87
1987
-88
1988
-89
1989
-90
1990
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1991
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1992
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1993
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1994
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1995
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1996
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2000
-01
2001
-02
2002
-03
2003
-04
2004
-05
2005
-06
2006
-07
2007
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2008
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Figure 3.1: Area (000 Hectares) and Production (000 Tonnes) for Wheat
Area (000 Hectares) Production (000 Tonnes)
The categories under which these mouzas have reported against different livelihood sources are: • Mostly: population of 50 percent and above • Some: population between 1 percent and 50 percent • None: less than or equal to 1 percent
1.3.2 Agriculture The major crops of district Lahore are wheat, rice, maize and sugarcane. The annual production of wheat and rice, the year 2008-09, was 155.7 (000 Tonnes) and 83.4 (000 Tonnes) respectively and that of maize was 13.8 (000 Tonnes). Area sown and production of food and cash crops in 2008-09 are reported in the Table 1.3.2.
Table 1.3.2: Food and Cash Crops Cultivated in District Type Crop Area Sown in 2008-09 (000 Hectares) Production in 2009 (000 Tonnes)
Food
Wheat 62.3 155.7 Rice 43.7 83.4
Maize 3.6 13.8 Jowar 0.5 0.3 Bajra 0.1 0.1
Barley - -
Cash
Sugarcane 0.4 - Cotton - -
Guar seed 1 1 Source: Crop Area and Production by Districts for 28 Years; 2008-09 Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS)
Wheat The overall wheat production of district Lahore is significant. Area cultivated for wheat in the last 28 years fluctuates around 62.3 thousand hectares, which is the maximum area cultivated in Lahore during 1982-2009 and the minimum was in 1991-92 which was 49.4 thousand hectares. The wheat production has increased considerably over the years. The highest recorded production of wheat was in the year 1999-2000, which was 180.39 thousand tonnes and the minimum production was 79.8 thousand tonnes in the year 1983-84.
15DISTRICT LAHORE
0102030405060708090
100
Figure 3.2: Area (000 Hectares) and Production (000 Tonnes) for Rice
Area (000 Hectares) Production (000 Tonnes)
02468
1012
1981
-82
1983
-84
1985
-86
1987
-88
1989
-90
1991
-92
1993
-94
1995
-96
1997
-98
1999
-00
2001
-02
2003
-04
2005
-06
2007
-08
Figure 3.4: Area (000 Hectares) and Production (000 Tonnes) for Sugarcane
Area (000 Hectares) Production (0000 Tonnes)
Rice The corresponding figure shows area and production of rice. Over the years there are no drastic changes in the area cultivated for rice. Maximum area cultivated for rice in Lahore was 43.7 thousand hectares in the year 2008-2009. The minimum area cultivated was 32 thousand hectares in 1991-1992. The minimum recorded production was in the year 1991-1992, which was 33.3 thousand tonnes. It reached to its maximum in 2008-2009, which was 83.4 thousand tonnes. Sugarcane For area cultivated, sugarcane also shows more or less constant trend and stays around 2.4 thousand hectares. However, the production of sugarcane has shown fluctuations over the years. The highest production was recorded in the year 1981-1982, with a production of 99 thousand tonnes and minimum production was 17.5 thousand tonnes in the year 2007-2008. Overall, the area cultivated and production of sugarcane has considerably decreased.
1.3.3 Industry Lahore district is the second biggest industrial base of the country after Karachi. Lahore is one of the most industrialized cities of Punjab and is well known for its engineering industry. In view of the existing industries, there exist very good prospects for steel re-rolled flat/non flat products, construction machinery, stone crushing machinery, Bakelite sheet, auto tyres/tubes, food processing machinery, hospital furniture, components for air-conditioners / refrigerators / freezers, textile chemicals, collapsible tubes, steel tubes/pipes, electric wire/cables, electric/telephone poles, electrical accessories, quality agriculture implements, distribution transformers, miniature circuit breakers etc.
The automotive assembling in Pakistan started in 1950 when National Motors Limited was established in Karachi. Since its inception, the major focus of auto parts industry was in Karachi, but slowly and gradually it also shifted towards Lahore. Currently Lahore auto parts cluster is
LIVELIHOOD16
the second largest hub for auto parts manufacturing after Karachi and is catering to almost 50% of auto parts demands of assemblers and markets.
There are around 9,000 industrial units in Lahore26. Lahore Chamber of Commerce & industry has reported 17,993 registered firms in different sectors like agriculture, automobile, aviation, beverages, chemicals, electronics, livestock, real estates, textile, rice, paper and paper products. It also possesses the requisite social and physical infrastructure facilities. Therefore, in view of the overall provincial, national and international markets, there exists a vast scope for industrial establishments27.
1.3.4 Livestock Livestock is increasingly becoming a very important sector of Pakistan’s economy, contributing even more than all the agricultural crops combined. It is a net source of foreign exchange earnings, contributing significantly in this vital area. Most importantly, more than 8 million rural small and landless farmers raise livestock, making it an ideal sector for attacking rural poverty in the country. Furthermore, as livestock makes up almost 50 % of the agriculture value added, the future high growth in agriculture is expected to be led by the livestock sector.28 Pakistan is endowed with a large livestock population well adapted to the local environmental conditions. Majority of the national herd is maintained by small holders. The demand for livestock products is increasing due to population growth, urbanization and economic development in the country. Table 1.3.4, given below, shows the Livestock population census of district Lahore in the year 1996 and 2006.
Table 1.3.3: Livestock in District Lahore Livestock
Number (000) Number (000) 1996 2006
Sheep 29 41 Goat 80 118 Cattle 77 135 Buffaloes 264 403 Camel - - Poultry - - Horses - 6.314 Mules - 0.774 Asses - 27.066
Source: Livestock Census, 1996, 2006 Punjab
26 Preparing the Lahore Rapid Mass Transit System, (2008), Asian Development Bank, Project No. 40573 27 Lahore Chamber of Commerce & Industry 28 http://lddb.org.pk/index.php (accessed on 10/12/2012)
17DISTRICT LAHORE
Table 1.3.4: Veterinary Institutions in District Lahore29 Facility Number
Veterinary. Hospitals/Dispensaries 24 Veterinary Centers. 26 A.I. Centers. 11 A.I. Sub-Centers. 12 Poultry Diagnostic Lab. 1 Slaughter Houses. 3
29Punjab Development Statistics (2011), Planning & Development Division, Government of Punjab
FOOD SECURITY18
1.4 Food Security Food security can be broadly divided into four components:
Availability of food in terms of sufficient quantity available through domestic production or imports
Access to adequate resources given the socio-political and economic arrangements of the community
Utilization refers to the body’s ability to make use of the nutrients provided. This requires clean water sanitation and health care
Stability includes an all-time access and utilization of food without any fear of losing it due to any shock (natural calamity, economic shock). This component points out to sustainability of food in an area.
1.4.1 Availability District Lahore produces wheat, rice and maize as its front line crops. However, sugarcane, orchards and vegetables are also grown in this district. In 2009-10, Government of Punjab procured 3,243 hundred metric tons of wheat from this district whereas it released to it 178 thousand metric tons30. Table 1.4.1, given below, shows the Mouza Statistics 2008, of major crops being cultivated and produced in district Lahore.
Table 1.4.1: Number of Mouza Reporting Major Crops ADMINISTRATIVE UNIT NUMBERS OF MOUZAS REPORTING MAJOR CROPS
WHEAT RICE COTTON SUGARCANE MAIZE PULSES ORCHARDS VEGETABLES LAHORE DISTRICT 242 229 4 46 154 5 46 93 LAHORE CITY TEHSIL 63 58 4 21 50 4 27 34 LAHORE CANTT TEHSIL 179 171 25 104 1 19 59
Source: Punjab Mouza Statistics (2008), Agricultural Census organization, Government of Pakistan
Food availability does not depend on the availability of wheat only but also on other cereals like maize etc. As far as cereal food is concerned, this district does not produce enough. Animal based food availability (meat, milk, milk products) is also important for total food availability. But the animal based food is also deficit in this district31. Combining both the crop based and animal based food self-sufficiency, Lahore is facing deficit in food availability at domestic level32. Although domestic production of food grains in this district is not sufficient, yet being the capital of the province, the economic and trade activities of this city ensure the availability of food grains.
30 Punjab Development Statistics (2011), Planning & Development Division, Government of Punjab 31 Food Insecurity in Pakistan (2009), Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI), Islamabad 32 Ibid
19DISTRICT LAHORE
1.4.2 Access Per capita availability of food items alone is not a reliable indicator of food security. If the available food is socio-economically not accessible to the masses, it cannot make a society food secure. The income level of the households reflects access to food, capacity of consumption and even food poverty. Average monthly income of a household (HH) in this district is Rs. 20,000/-, which is considered as reasonable income33. Child dependency (ratio between children and household members in economically active age group) is one of the limiting factors in meeting the daily needs of households and is an important indicator to measure access to food. The increased dependency ratio enhances spending of the household on child care and food, which results in per capita reduction of socio-economic access to food. Child dependency ratio is very high in this district. The share of household expenditures on food is 61.1% of the total income in Punjab.
The table below shows the physical access of food in the district by giving distance of mouzas from the wholesale markets. Average distance from the fruit and vegetable market of a mouza is 12 kilometers whereas the distance from the grains market is 12 kilometers. Such long distances impede access to food.
Table 1.4.2: Distance of Mouzas from Wholesale Markets
Type of facility Rural
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Fruit Market Number 251 12 8 136 90 17 - Percent 100 3 54 36 7 -
Vegetable Market Number 251 12 8 135 91 17 - Percent 100 3 54 36 7 -
Govt. Procurement Center
Number 251 10 9 168 70 4 - Percent 100 4 67 28 2 -
Source: Punjab Mouza Statistics (2008), Agricultural Census organization, Government of Pakistan
Though the district has reasonable level of income, high food expenditures, high child dependency and high inflation (particularly food inflation) hinders access to food.
1.4.3 Utilization In addition to food availability and access, proper assimilation of food in the body is essential. Food utilization and stability depicts this absorption of food and its sustainability. Improved sanitation facility, clean drinking water, health infrastructure and individual health status along
33 Food Insecurity in Pakistan (2009), Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI), Islamabad
HEALTH AND IMMUNIZATION20
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1.5 Health and Immunization
1.5.1 Health Facilities According to Punjab Development Statistics, total health facilities in the city district of Lahore are 293. Total hospitals in the district are 42, of which 38 are public sector hospitals. Total bedding strength of these health facilities is 13,056 beds. Thus, for the estimated population of 2010, these health facilities are sufficient for only 15 % of the population and beds are sufficient for 55 % of the population35. Table 1.5.1 shows the details of health facilities in the district.
Table 1.5.1: Number of Health Facilities by Type Institution Type Number Beds Hospital 42 12,850 Dispensary 121 - RHC 12 132 BHU 38 74 TB Clinic 2 - SHC 11 - MCH 67 -
Source: Punjab Development Statistics 2010-11
Immunization
Immunization coverage estimates are used to monitor immunization services, and to guide disease eradication and elimination efforts. This indicator is the measure of the percentage of children under one-year (i.e. <12 months) age who have received all the doses of BCG vaccine, three doses of polio & pentavalent vaccines and 1 dose of measles vaccine in a given year.
In district Lahore, around 86% pregnant women have received tetanus toxoid injections. In urban areas this percentage is 90% and in rural areas it is 69%36. Record based37 immunization data of district Lahore shows that 68% (Male 71%: Female 65%) of the children aged 12-23 months have received full immunization. In the urban areas this percentage is 70 percent (Male 76%: Female 65%) and in the rural areas it is 57% (Male 51%: Female 64%). The above given graph shows the percentage of children of 12-23 months that have been immunized by the type of Antigen based on records38.
35 WHO Standard is 2 health facilities and 25 beds per 10,000 people. 36 Table 3.11, Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement Survey (PSLM)2010-2011 37 Table 3.4 (b). PSLM (2010-11), Based on record: Children who reported having received full immunization who also have an immunization card, expressed as a percentage of all children aged 12-23 months. Also immunizations to be classed as fully immunized a child must have received: ‘BCG’, ‘DPT1’, ‘DPT2’, ‘DPT3’, ‘Polio1’, ‘Polio2’ 38 Table 3.5: Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement Survey (PSLM)2010-2011
21DISTRICT LAHORE
97 percent of the children have received at-least one immunization. Pre-natal consultation is 82 percent whereas post-natal consultation is 42 percent. Table 1.5.2 shows the pre and post-natal consultations
Table 1.5.2: Pre and Post-Natal Consultation by Area and Person/Facility DISTRICT PERCENTAGE OF CASES PERCENTAGE OF CASES
Lahore Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total
Pre-Natal Consultation Post-Natal Consultation
85 68 82 45 27 42 1. Home TBA 3 10 5 6 9 6 2. Home LHW 2 4 2 0 6 1 3. Home LHV 0 13 3 1 11 2 4. Home Doctor 5 0 4 7 0 6 5. Govt. Hospital/RHC/BHU 45 33 41 42 33 41 6. Private Hospital/Clinic 42 40 45 43 42 43 7. Other 2 0 2 0 0 0
Source: PSLM 2010-11
HEALTH AND IMMUNIZATION22
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23DISTRICT LAHORE
1.6 Education
1.6.1 Highlights Literacy Rate (10 years and above) 77% Adult Literacy Rate (15 years and above) 75% GPI 1.08
GPI Primary 0.73 GPI Middle 1.31
GPI Secondary 1.21 GPI Higher Secondary 3.60
Population that has ever attended School 78 Male 82
Female 74 Population that has completed primary level or higher 72
Male 67 Female 70
Student Teacher Ratio 34 Primary 41 Middle 34
Secondary 33 Higher Secondary 10
Source: Punjab Development Statistics 2010-11 and Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement Survey 2010-11
1.6.2 District School Enrolment Ratio The overall literacy rate (for the population of 10 years and above) is 77% (male: 80% and female: 73%). For the urban rural comparison, urban literacy rate is higher than the rural, which is 79% (male 82% and female 76%), whereas the rural literacy rate is 64 percent (male 71% and female 57%). Adult literacy rate (greater than 15 years) is 75 percent. Gross Enrolment Rate (GER) at the primary level in all of Lahore is 110% (male: 114%, female: 106%). In the urban community, it is 111% (male: 115%, female: 107%) and in the rural community it is 106% (male: 112%, female: 100%). Net Enrolment Rate (NER) at the primary level is 68% (male: 69%, female: 66%), in the urban community it is 68 percent (male: 69%, female: 67%) and in the rural community it is 65% (male: 68%, female: 61%). Table 1.6.1 shows details of Gross and Net Enrolment Rates by Rural, Urban and Gender at different levels.
EDUCATION24
Table 1.6.1: Gross and Net Enrolment Rates by Gender and Locality at Different levels Urban/ Rural/
District Gender Gross Enrolment Rates Net Enrolment Rates
Primary Group (5-9) Middle Group (10-12)
Matric Group (13-14)
Primary Group (5-9)
Middle Group (10-12)
Matric Group (13-14)
Urban Male 115% 65% 80% 69% 28% 13% Female 107% 80% 92% 67% 36% 31% Total 111% 72% 87% 68% 31% 23%
Rural Male 112% 63% 77% 68% 20% 13% Female 100% 67% 57% 61% 23% 10% Total 106% 65% 68% 65% 22% 12%
Total Male 114% 65% 79% 69% 26% 13% Female 106% 77% 87% 66% 33% 28% Total 110% 70% 84% 68% 30% 21%
Source: Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement Survey 2010-11
1.6.3 Gender and Level Wise Details The total enrollment of students, in government schools, in district Lahore is 626,899 (Male: 300,452 and Female: 326,447). Out of a total of 18,666 teachers, 8,425 are male and 10,241 are female teachers. This illustrates that one teacher is teaching averagely 34 students. The total number of schools and colleges in district Lahore is 1,335 (Boys: 666, Girls: 669). Thus, on an average, every school has an enrolment of 470 students and a teaching staff of around 1439.
Primary The total number of primary level schools, that are reported, is 745. The total enrolment, at the primary level, is 135,838 (Male: 78,557 and Female: 57,281). Total number of teachers at the primary level is 3,330, out of which 1,865 are male and 1,465 are female teachers. Thus, on an average, each primary school has an enrolment of 182 students with a teaching staff of 4.
Middle There are a total of 193 middle schools reported. The total enrolment, at the middle level, is 95,848 (Male: 41,578 and Female: 54,270). The total number of teachers at the middle level is 2,848, out of which 1,125 are male teachers, while 1,723 are female teachers. Thus, on an average, each middle school has an enrolment of 497 students with a teaching staff of 15.
Matric There are a total of 285 secondary schools in the district. The total enrolment, at the secondary level, is 267,255 (Male: 121,201 and Female: 146,054). The total number of teachers, at the secondary level, is 8,022, out of which male teachers are 3,508 and female teachers are 4,514. Thus, on an average, each secondary school has an enrolment of 938 students with a teaching staff of 28.
39 Punjab Development Statistics (2011), Planning & Development Division, Government of Punjab
25DISTRICT LAHORE
Higher Secondary There are a total of 29 higher secondary schools in the district. The total enrolment at the secondary level is 4,876 (Male: 1,060, Female: 3,816). The total number of teachers at the secondary level is 510, out of which male teachers are 137 and female teachers are 373. Thus, on an average, each secondary school has an enrolment of 168 students with a teaching staff of 18.
Inter/Degree Colleges There are a total of 83 inter/degree colleges in the district. The total enrolment at the college level is 123,082 (Male: 58,056, Female: 65,026). The total number of teachers at the college level is 3,956, out of which male teachers are 1,790 and female teachers are 2,166. Thus, on an average, each inter/degree college has an enrolment of 1,483 students with a teaching staff of 48.
Table 1.6.2: Enrolment and Educational Facilities by level and Gender40 Level
Enrolment School Facilities Teachers Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total Male Female Total
Primary 78,557 57,281 135,838 401 344 745 1,865 1,465 3,330 Middle 41,578 54,270 95,848 80 113 193 1,125 1,723 2,848 Secondary 121,201 146,054 267,255 141 144 285 3,508 4,514 8,022 Higher Secondary 1,060 3,816 4,876 7 22 29 137 373 510 Inter & Degree Colleges 58,056 65,026 123,082 37 46 83 1,790 2,166 3,956 Total 300,452 326,447 626,899 666 669 1,335 8,425 10,241 18,666
While comparing the educational standards in terms of Millennium Development Goal-2 (MDG-2) of “Achieving Universal Primary Education by 2015”, the district achieved a net enrolment rate of 68%, at the primary level, in 2010, as compared to the provincial rate of 61% in 2010. Pupil teacher ratio is 34, which is quite high as compared to the global average of 1841. In terms of the 3rd MDG “Promoting Gender Equality and Women Empowerment”, district’s Gender Parity Index 1.08 is greater than that of the country’s average of 0.84 for 2008-09.
40 Punjab Development Statistics (2011), Planning & Development Division, Government of Punjab 41 International Education Statistics, Data center, UNESCO Institute of Statistics (2008)
DISASTER HISTORY AND ITS IMPACT26
2 Disaster History and Its Impact 2.1 Disaster in District
2.1.1 Disaster History District Lahore has no history of any major disaster except 1950’s monsoon floods in River Ravi, which affected District Lahore.
27DISTRICT LAHORE
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29DISTRICT LAHORE
3 Hazard Vulnerability and Capacity Analysis
3.1 Hazard: Hazard simply means danger or risk. The synonyms used for hazards are jeopardy, venture, peril or chance. A hazard is the situation which triggers disaster. But it can be also defined as:
“Hazard is a potentially damaging physical event, phenomenon or human activity that may cause the loss of life or injury, property damage, social and economic disruption or environmental degradation42”
So hazard is a situation that has the potential to harm the health and safety of people or to damage plant and equipment. Hazards can be divided into two categories.
3.1.1 Natural hazard There are natural processes or phenomena within the earth system that may constitute a damaging event. Example typhoons, tsunamis, earthquake and volcanic eruption cyclones, earthquakes, floods, landslides, storms are natural hazards.
3.1.2 Man-made hazard Any industrial, nuclear, or transportation accident, explosion, power failure, resource shortage, or other condition, resulting from man-made causes, which threaten or cause damage to property, human suffering, hardship or loss of life are labeled as man-made hazards.
Hazard Matrix Hazard Frequency Area affected/union councils Severity/Force Year Urban floods Seasonal Urban areas Medium Every year Heavy rains Monsoon season Entire district High Every year Epidemics: Dengue Outbreak Seasonal Whole district High 2010-11
Industrial accidents: Factory Fire Incident Often Urban areas Low Throughout
Earthquakes Rare Entire district Low --- Terrorism and suicide bombing Not predictable Whole district Low ---
Pollution Frequent Urban areas Low Throughout
42 The “Urban Governance and Community Resilience Guides” (ADPC, 2010)
HAZARD, VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ANALYSIS30
3.2 Vulnerability: Vulnerability is a noun which means the state of being vulnerable or exposed. It also refers to the inability to withstand the effects of a hostile environment its synonym is exposure and other related words are weakness, defenselessness while invulnerability is its antonym.
“the attributes and circumstances of a community or system that makes it sensitive, vulnerable or susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard43”
Vulnerability precedes disasters, contribute to their severity, hinder and obstruct the disaster response. It is divided into three
3.2.1 Physical/material vulnerability: Weakness of the built environment and lack of access to physical and material resources i.e living in hazard prone areas or in unsafe buildings, lack of savings, insurance and assets.
3.2.2 Social/organizational vulnerability: Inequality in social systems that discriminate against and marginalize certain groups of people from accessing resources and services are construed as social/organizational vulnerability. People who have been marginalized in social, economic or political terms are vulnerable to disasters. Weakness in social and organizational areas may also cause disasters e.g. deep division can lead to conflict and war. Conflict of resources due to poverty can also lead to violence.
3.2.3 Attitudinal/motivational vulnerability: Existence of fatalistic myths and religious beliefs influence people’s vulnerability to disaster risks. If people believe that are ‘acts of God’ and if they have low confidence in their ability to affect change or have ‘lost heart’ and feel defeated by events they cannot control, these people are often harder hit by disasters.
Vulnerability Matrix Physical/material Social/organizational Attitudinal/motivational
Lahore district is prone to different natural and manmade hazards. Riverine Floods in Lahore are not very common but the city has experienced flooding due to inability of the sewerage system to cope with heavy rains. Dengue fever, a biological hazard, caused a number of deaths in the year 2010-11. People are also exposed to air and noise pollution.
Lahore is the 5th largest city in South Asia and the 30th largest city in the world. It is also the 2nd largest as well as 2nd most populous city of Pakistan44. The projected population of district Lahore, for the year 2010, is 9,510,056. According to the census of 1998, annual growth rate for the district was calculated to be 3.46%. Over population makes the people vulnerable against many natural
Mostly, people have strong beliefs in fate. Lives and deaths are considered things out of human control. This fatalistic approach combined with lack of information about causes of disasters has contributed significantly in increasing vulnerability.
43 Participant’s Course workbook (ADPC) 44 Three years rolling plan 2010-13 [Accessed= Dec,2012]
31DISTRICT LAHORE
hazards like earthquake, fire and heavy rains etc.
Lahore enjoys four weathers, facing extremes of summer and winter. During summer months of May to July, temperature can climb up to 47°C. After summer, monsoon starts with heavy rainfall. These rains cause not only urban floods due to bad sewerage system but also could debase old and substandard vulnerable houses in the old city of Lahore (Androon Lahore).
Dependent population (less than 15 years of age and 65 years and above, widowed or divorced women) of the district is 42.48%, which is quite high. Dependent population is an enormous burden on the earning population. This situation amplifies economic pressure on the families and makes them economically vulnerable against hazards.
Historically, the absence of effective institutional mechanisms for disaster risk management contributed to the lack of awareness on part of the communities about the disaster risks they face and the actions they can take to reduce those risks and respond to disasters when they occur. Ignorance and unawareness about dengue fever severely affected most of the people in 2010-11.
The growing industrialization, particularly within urban settlements in Lahore city, can be a source of industrial and chemical disasters. There are around 9,000 industrial units in Lahore.
Industrial wastes from these industries are constantly polluting the environment and hence affecting the health of the surrounding societies. Air and water pollution are making people vulnerable to different kinds of diseases.
Based on the 2001 poverty line and personal incomes for fiscal year 2002 survey, 30% of the city’s total population is poor. The highest incidence is in the more than 300 katchi abadis, which are informally developed and poor settlements that house and are home to about 35%–50% of the city’s total population. The vast majority of the populations in katchi abadis live below the poverty line45. Poverty reduces the coping capacities of the communities to mitigate, respond and resist the impact of a hazard.
Absence of disaster risk reduction measures in most of the construction and infrastructure developments is resulting in the formation of poorly managed infrastructures, buildings which lack coping capacity against natural hazard like earthquake.
Though education status in the district is good, still improvement is needed in both urban and rural areas. For the urban rural comparison, Rural illiteracy rate is higher than the urban, which is 34 percent (male 29% and female 43%) whereas urban illiteracy rate is 21% (male 18% and female 24%).
Though community based organizations and citizen community boards are found in each corner of the district, these are not trained on disaster risk management skills.
District Institutions are still lacking capacity to deal with disaster risk management initiatives. There is meagreness of skilled persons, resources and updated machinery. Lack of coordination is also found among the organizations and NGOs in managing disasters.
45 Preparing the Lahore Rapid Mass Transit System, (2008), Asian Development Bank, Project No. 40573
HAZARD, VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ANALYSIS32
3.3 Capacity: Capacity is contrasted to vulnerability. Ability to perform or produce is capacity. Capacities are resources, means and strengths, which exist in households and communities and which enable them to cope with, withstand, prepare for, prevent, mitigate or quickly recover from a disaster.
The combination of all the strengths, attributes and resources available within a community, society or organization that can be used to achieve agreed goals
3.3.1 Physical/material capacity: In most disasters, people suffer their greatest losses in the physical and material realm. Access to physical/material things or objects counts as physical capacity. Few examples of physical and material resources are cash, food, land, properties and tools.
3.3.2 Social /organizational capacity: However, even when everything physical is destroyed, people still has their skills, experiences and knowledge; they have family and social networks. They have leaders and systems for making decisions. They also have local, collective ‘wisdom’ reflected in their cultural practices that help them reduce or cope with disaster risks.
3.3.3 Attitudinal/motivational capacity: People also have positive attitudes and strong motivations such as the will to survive and willingness to help each other.
Capacity Matrix Physical/material Social/organizational Attitudinal/motivational
Agriculture is the main source of employment in 173 (48%) out of 360 mouzas of the district. District Lahore has significant production of Wheat, rice and maize. The annual production of wheat and rice in the year 2008-09 was 155.7 (000 Tonnes) and 83.4 (000 Tonnes) respectively and that of maize was 13.8 (000 Tonnes). Income from agriculture products enhances living standard of farmers by improving their financial capacity.
A set of sectorial guidelines on mainstreaming disaster risk reduction are available for the use of development departments and the Department of Planning And Development.
Technical skills and knowledge of the district officials have been enhanced by the Provincial Disaster Management Authority (PDMA) on disaster risk reduction that includes preparedness as well.
Sanitation facilities in urban areas of district Lahore are far better than rural areas of the district, where 98 percent of urban Households (HH) have reported Flush facility at their homes and only 1 percent of urban HH have reported no flush facility. 11 percent of rural HH have no toilet facility of any kind. Improved sanitation facilities, clean drinking water, health infrastructure and individual health status reduce the risk of health problems.
An Emergency Operation Center [EOC] has been established at the district level which takes operational lead in the disasters. Besides, Standard Operating Procedures [SOP] are available for emergency response.
Technical capacities of community organizations, school teachers and masons have been enhanced with regards to disaster risk management.
33DISTRICT LAHORE
Lahore branch canal is the major source of irrigation of lands in and around the city. The Lahore branch, Niaz Baig distributary, serves the districts of Lahore and Kasur with 400,000 acres of fertile agriculture land, having a population of about 2.0 million inhabitants. Out of 165 thousand hectares, most of the area is being irrigated by canal and Tube Wells. Most of the irrigation channels are concreted so that they could bear excessive water pressure in case of over flow of water.
During Emergencies, all stakeholders that include Provincial Disaster Management Authority (PDMA PUNJAB), Police, Army Fire Fighting Department, Ambulance Services, NGO’s/iNGO’s and sometimes volunteers from community, carry out the relief and recovery operations.
In Lahore District, there are 745 primary schools, 193 middle schools, 285 high schools, 29 High Secondary Schools. Besides, educational purpose, these school buildings can be used as shelter and evacuation centres in time of emergency.
Non-governmental Organizations and voluntary agencies are playing an important role in disaster management. Punjab Government and the NGOs are mobilizing people on dengue fever, which is nowadays a big biological hazard in the district. They make people aware on prevention and mitigation measures against dengue.
Total health institutions in the City District of Lahore are 293. Total hospitals in the district are 42, of which 38 are public sector hospitals. Total bedding strength of these health facilities is 13,056 beds. Besides hospitals, there are 121 dispensaries, 38 BHUs [Beds=74], 12 RHCs [B=132], 2 TB Clinics, 11 SHCs and 67 MCH46.
The literacy rate for the population, 10 years and above (10+), is 77% (male: 80% and female: 73%) while for adult (> 15 years) it is 75%.
This district has a well-established road network infrastructure of high quality roads. Being the provincial capital, Lahore is well-connected with other cities of Pakistan. In order to cope with the ever increasing road accidents and traffic congestion on the roads of Lahore district, Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) carried out a comprehensive study and formulated a transportation plan for the city for the next 20 years.
Being the capital of the largest province in Pakistan, the city gets one of the largest development budgets in the country. This income could be utilized in mainstreaming of DRR measures in developmental activities.
On village level, Community Based Organizations (CBOs) and Community Organizations (COs) are working, providing support to humanitarian organizations and government agencies in disaster related activities / projects.
Media is playing a vital role in creating awareness among the vulnerable communities of the district. They have positively influenced the people regarding disasters and natural hazards.
46 Punjab Development Statics 2010-11 [Accessed on 10/12/2012]
COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES34
4 Coordination and Support Services
4.1 Important Contacts
4.1.1 List of Health Facilities Name District/Tehsil DHQ HOSPITAL MIAN MUNSHI LHR LAHORE DHQ HOSPITAL KOT KHAWAJA SAEED LHR LAHORE THQ SAID MITTHA SAID MITTHA THQ MOZANG
Punjab Health Sector Reforms Program (PHSRP)
4.1.2 List of Rural Health Centre (RHC) Sr. No. RHC Name Tehsil Name UC Name
1. RHC AWAN DHAIWALA LAHORE CANTT BASIN 2. RHC BURKI LAHORE CANTT BURKI 3. RHC CHUNG LAHORE CITY CHUNG 4. RHC KAHNA NAU LAHORE CANTT KAHNA NAU 5. RHC MANGA MANDI LAHORE CITY MANGA 6. RHC RAIWIND LAHORE CITY RAIWIND
Punjab Health Sector Reforms Program (PHSRP)
4.1.3 List of Basic Health Units (BHU) Sr. No. BHU Name Tehsil Name Mauza UC Name
1. BHU ALI RAZA ABAD LAHORE CITY ALI RAZA ABAD ALI RAZA ABAD 2. BHU ARRIYAN LAHORE CITY ARRIYAN JIA BAGGIA 3. BHU ATTOKI AWAN LAHORE CANTT ATTOKI AWAN DOGRAI KALAN 4. BHU BHASEEN LAHORE CANTT BHASEEN BHASEEN 5. BHU BULLER LAHORE CANTT AMAR SODU KAHNA KANOHAN 6. BHU CHHAPPA LAHORE CANTT CHAPPA MINHALA KALAN 7. BHU DOGRAI KALAN LAHORE CANTT DOGRAI KALAN DOGRAI KALAN 8. BHU GHOWIND LAHORE CANTT GHOWIND HADYERE 9. BHU HADIYARA LAHORE CANTT HADIYARA HADIYARA
10. BHU HALLOKEY LAHORE CANTT HALLOKEY HALLOKEY 11. BHU HEIR LAHORE CANTT HEIR HEIR 12. BHU JAMAN LAHORE CANTT JAHMAN DHALLOKI 13. BHU JELLO PIND LAHORE CITY JELLO PIND MANAWAN 14. BHU JIA BAGGA LAHORE CITY JIA BAGGA JIA BAGGA 15. BHU JODHU DHEAR LAHORE CITY JODHA DHEES PAJIA 16. BHU KACHA LAHORE CANTT KACHA RAKH CHAND 17. BHU KAROL LAHORE CANTT KAROL WAR LAKHO DAR 18. BHU KORRIYAN LAHORE CANTT KOHRIAN BARKI 19. BHU LADHAYKE UCHEY LAHORE CITY JIA BAGGA JIA BAGGA 20. BHU LAKHOKI LAHORE CANTT LAKHOKI DALLOKI
35DISTRICT LAHORE
Sr. No. BHU Name Tehsil Name Mauza UC Name 21. BHU LEEL LAHORE CANTT LEEL KAMALIAN 22. BHU LIDHER LAHORE CANTT NATHR SINGH BARKI 23. BHU MANAWAN LAHORE CANTT MANAWAN MANAWAN 24. BHU MARAKA LAHORE CITY MARAKA MARAKA 25. BHU MINHALA LAHORE CANTT MINHALA MINHALA 26. BHU NARWAR LAHORE CANTT NARWAR MENHALLA 27. BHU NIAZ BAIG LAHORE CITY NIAZ BAIG NIAZ BAIG 28. BHU PADHANA LAHORE CANTT PADHANA HADYARA 29. BHU PANDOKE LAHORE CANTT PANDOKE PANDOKE 30. BHU PANGALI LAHORE CANTT PANGALI PANGALI 31. BHU RANGEEL PUR LAHORE CITY RANGEEL PUR SHAM KI BHATTIAN 32. BHU SARAICH LAHORE CANTT SARAICH BHALLOKE 33. BHU SHAH PUR LAHORE CITY SHAH PUR SHAH PUR 34. BHU SHAHZADA LAHORE CANTT SHAHZADA PANDOKI 35. BHU SHAMKE BHATTIAN LAHORE CITY SHAMKEY BHATTIAN SHAMKEY BHATTIAN 36. BHU SULTANKEY LAHORE CITY SULTANKEY SULTANKEY 37. BHU WAGHA LAHORE CITY WAGHA AMINWALA
Punjab Health Sector Reforms Program (PHSRP)
4.1.4 List of NGOs working in Lahore47 Sr. No. NGO NAME48 CONTACT INFO. ADDRESS
1. Human Rights Commission of Pakistan - HRCP
+92-42-35838341
Aiwan-I-Jamhoor, 107-Tipu Block, New Garden Town, Lahore.
2. Children Health and Education Foundation
+92-301-8491243
Saif Market, Opposite Expo Center, M.A. Johar town, Lahore
3. Duaa Foundation +92-42-35709909 Office# 07, Block-K, Commercial Area, Phase I, Ghazi Road, DHA, Lahore Cantt
4. Ehsas Foundation +92-42-36604405 H. No. 32-A, Extension, Judicial Colony, Lahore
5. Fatimid Foundation - [Blood Bank & Haemotological Services]
+92-42-35863950
Fatimid Foundation Lahore Center - 34/G, Gulberg III. Lahore
6. Green Land Society of Special Education
+92-42-36306171
3-Davis Road, Lahore-Pakistan
7. Sahara For Life Trust +92-42-111800111 50-A, Bridge Colony, Lahore Cantt, Pakistan 8. Youth Engagement Services - YES +92-42-37401517 Lahore, Pakistan
9. WFP – World Food Programme – Pakistan Office
+92-42-35775225/335 +92-42-35775334
House No. 18, Old FCC Annex, Off Ferozpur Road, Lahore
10. WWF-Pakistan 042 3586 2359-60 042 111 993 725 P.O. Box 5180, Ferozepur Road, Lahore.
11. Caritas International Pakistan +92-42-36315584-5 +92-42-36376006 23/3 Race Course Road, Lahore. Pakistan.
12. Church World Service Pakistan +92 42 351 69024 P.O. Box #5126, Block-A, Model Town Lahore, Pakistan
13. CAP - Consumers association of Pakistan 042-35787177-8 Suite # 1, 4th Floor Rahim Complex, Main
Market Gulberg II, Lahore
14. CCF- Child Care Foundation of Pakistan 042-3662-1031 A-6-A-E,105, New Super Town, Defence Main Boulevard, Lahore
15. Idara Aaghosh 0092-42-5411426 5411427
682-Kamran Block, Allama Iqbal Town, Lahore , Pakistan.
47 http://www.ngos.com.pk/cities/lahore-ngos.htm 48 http://www.phonebook.com.pk/dynamic/search.aspx?SearchType=cat&class_id=4710&city_id=2
COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES36
Sr. No. NGO NAME48 CONTACT INFO. ADDRESS
16. Democratic Commission For Human Development
+92 42 35837370, 35854412
40 Block D Model Town Lahore Pakistan Regional office- C-14, Phase II, Near Ali Palace
Chowk, Qasimabad, Hyderabad.
17. Kawish Welfare Trust +92-42-35175265/6, +92-42-36108098
83-N, Model Town Ext., Lahore, 54000, Punjab, Pakistan.
Regional office- Bahawalnagar
18. HEAL- Health Education and Literacy Trust 157-E, Upper Portion Gazni Lane, New Super
Town Defence More, Lahore Cantt.
4.1.5 List of Departmental Focal Points for Emergencies49 Sr. No. Focal Person for Emergencies Contact No. 1 Police Emergency 15, 6309108 2 Bomb Disposal 9212111 3 Bomb Disposal Unit 5120516 4 Fire Fighting 16 5 Ambulance 115 6 Halal-e-Ahmar 6304702 7 Edhi 7847050, 7847060 8 PIA Airport Enquiry 114 9 City Govt 139 10 City Govt. Lahore 9211657 11 Wapda Complaint Cell 118 12 Gas Complaint Cell 119 13 Income Tax 7123901-9 14 Fatmid Blood Transfusion 853491 15 Railway Inquiry 117 16 Railway Reservation (City) 6674351 17 Sheikh Zaid Hospital 5865731 18 Shuakat Khanam Hospital 5180725 19 Services Hospital 7588351 20 Meo Hospital 9211104 21 Queens Railway 9201721 22 Dental Hospital 7659024 23 Ghulab Devi 5831759 24 Itifaq hospital 5881981 25 Janki Devi 9200531 26 Lady Walington 7659001 27 Jinnah Hospital 5168660 28 Punjab Institute of Cardiology 7589721
49 http://www.cplc-lahore.gop.pk/punjab-emergency-number
37DISTRICT LAHORE
4.1.6 List of Control Rooms used in Emergency50 Sr. No. Control Room Contact No. 1. Board of Intermediate & Secondary Education (BISE) 042-111-11-2020 2. Child Protection & Welfare Bureau (CPWB) 1121 3. Livestock 0800-78686 4. Lahore Waste Management Company (LWMC) 1339 5. Provincial Disaster Management Authority (PDMA) 1129 6. Punjab Health Line (PHL) 0800-99000 7. Punjab Highway Patrol 1124 8. Punjab Land Development Company (PLDC) 042-111-92-1192 9. Water and Sanitation Agency (WASA) 1334
4.1.7 List of Police Stations/Police Posts51 Iqbal Town Division Phone No. SP (Ops. Wing) 042-99230659-60 SP (Inv. Wing) 042-99233331/9 Sr. No. Circle/Police Station Phone No. SDPO Muslim Town (Circle) 042-37553171 1. Muslim Town 042-99230278 2. Wahdat Colony 042-37588906 SDPO Iqbal Town (Circle) 042-37803905 3. Iqbal Town 042-37800512 4. Gulshan Iqbal 042-35422828 SDPO Samanabad (Circle) 042-37584866 5. Samanabad 042-37584310 6. Millat Park 042-37580607 SDPO Gulshan-e-Ravi (Circle) 042-37401799 7. Gulshan-e-Ravi 042-37411524 8. Sanda 042-37411112 SDPO Nawankot (Circle) 042-37402008 9. Nawan Kot 042-37416397 10. Shera Kot 042-37412111 Sadar Division Phone No. SP (Ops. Wing) 042-99262023-4 SP (Inv. Wing) 042-99262026-7 Sr. No. Circle/Police Station Phone No. SDPO Raiwind City (Circle) 042-37540111 1. Raiwind City 042-99238025 2. Police Post Jia Bagga 042-99238445 3. Manga Mandi 042-35383029 4. Police Post Adda Sundar 042-99238364 SDPO Chung (Circle) 042-37513946 5. Chung 042-37511165 6. Satto Katla 042-35187706 SDPO Sabzazar (Circle) 042-37821300
50 http://www.punjab.gov.pk/helplines 51 SSP/Admn, Lahore
COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES38
Sadar Division Phone No. 7. Sabzazar 042-37832380 8. Hanjarwal 042-35410061 SDPO Town Ship (Circle) 042-35217797 9. Town Ship 042-35124478 10. Johar Town 042-99231472 11. Green Town 042-35118000 Cantt Division Phone No.
SP (Ops. Wing) 042-99220615 042-99221126
SP (Inv. Wing) 042-99220114-5 Sr. No. Circle/Police Station Phone No. SDPO Defence Area (Circle) 042-35728462 1. Defence Area (A) 042-35727470 2. Defence Area (B) 042-35892014 3. Factory Area 042-35810498 SDPO Sarwar Road (Circle) 042-99220577 4. Sarwar Road 042-99220611 5. Police Post Air Port 042-99240426 6. South Cantt 042-99220616 SDPO North Cantt. (Circle) 042-99220148
7. North Cantt 042-99220602 042-99221040
8. Police Post Guldisht Town 042-36117936 9. Mustafa Abad 042-99239682 10. Ghazi Abad 042-36636439 SDPO Barki (Circle) 042-36561153 11. Barki 042-36560200 12. Police Post Hair 042-35600522 13. Hadiara 042-36560308 14. Police Post Minhala 042-36591200 SDPO Baghbanpura (Circle) 042-99239577 15. Baghbanpura 042-36816919 16. Harbance Pura 042-36544501 SDPO Manawan (Circle) 042-36523136 17. Manawan 042-36523137 18. Bata Pur 042-36581161 19. Police Post Wahga 042-99239415 Model Town Division Phone No. SP (Ops. Wing) 042-99263421-2 SP (Inv. Wing) 042-99263151-2 Sr. No. Circle/Police Station Phone No. SDPO Model Town (Circle) 042-99230468 1. Model Town 042-99230232 2. Liaqat Abad 042-99230306 3. Naseerabad 042-99238631 4. Police Post Firdous Market 042-99230205 SDPO Garden Town (Circle) 042-35912488
39DISTRICT LAHORE
Model Town Division Phone No. 5. Garden Town 042-99230279 6. Police Post Raja Market 042-35831880 7. Faisal Town 042-35166331 SDPO Ichhra (Circle) 042-37575408 8. Ichhra 042-37581419 9. Shadman 042-37589936 SDPO Gulberg (Circle) 042-99263150 10. Gulberg 042-99263149 11. Ghalib Market 042-99263148 12. Police Post Main Market 042-99263197 SDPO Kahna (Circle) 042-35810505 13. Kahna 042-99239930 14. Police Post Sua Assal 042-35935127 15. Kot Lakhpat 042-35800312 16. Police Post Rakh Chandrai 042-35803420 17. Nishter Colony 042-35959220 City Division Phone No. SP (Ops. Wing) 042-99213433-35 SP (Inv. Wing) 042-99213483-4 Sr. No. Circle/Police Station Phone No. SDPO Islampura (Circle) 042-99211988 1. Islampura 042-37156796 2. New Anarkali 042-99239623 SDPO Lower Mall (Circle) 042-99213481 3. Lower Mall 042-99213479 4. Bhatti Gate 042-37662793 SDPO Tibbi City (Circle) 042-37662768 5. Tibbi City 042-37662768 6. Masti Gate 042-99239651 7. Yakki Gate 042-99239624 SDPO Rang Mehal (Circle) 042-37668355 8. Rang Mehal 042-37661022 9. Lohari Gate 042-99239656 SDPO Naulakha (Circle) 042-37662965 10. Naulakha 042-37630016 11. Akbari Gate 042-37636703 SDPO Gowalmandi (Circle) 042-37235010 12. Gowalmandi 042-99239626 13. Mochi Gate 042-37653473 SDPO Shahdara (Circle) 042-37929344 14. Shahdara 042-37920365 15. Shahdara Town 042-37944141 SDPO Shafiq Abad (Circle) 042-99239686 16. Shafiq Abad 042-99239686 17. Ravi Road 042-99239628 SDPO Badamibagh (Circle) 042-99239646 18. Badamibagh 042-37281500 19. Lorry Adda 042-99239629 SDPO Missri Shah (Circle) 042-37612988 20. Missri Shah 042-36278444 21. Shadbagh 042-37281045
COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES40
Civil Lines Division Phone No. SP (Ops. Wing) 042-99203472-3 SP (Inv. Wing) 042-99250070 Sr. No. Circle/Police Station Phone No. SDPO Race Course (Circle) 042-99200780 1. Race Course 042-99200300 2. Civil Lines 042-99200561 SDPO Qilla Gujjar Singh (Circle) 042-99201300 3. Qilla Gujjar Singh 042-99201909 4. Garhi Shahu 042-36304635 SDPO Old Anarkali (Circle) 042-99211916 5. Old Anarkali 042-99211911 6. Lytton Road 042-37310423 7. Mozang 042-37320565 SDPO Mughalpura (Circle) 042-99250068 8. Shalimar 042-36813200 9. Gujjar Pura 042-36880300 10. Mughalpura 042-99250071 SDPO Women Police Station Race Course 042-99204171 11. Women Police Station Race Course 042-99200278