1 | P a g e REPRODUCTION / PROCREATION : The most important of the biological processes that living things undertake because it ensured preservation of species. ‐Requires the gametes (germ cells) of the male and the female to form a zygote (fertilized ovum). SPERM CELL (spermatozoon) : male gamete EGG CELL (ovum): female gamete GAMETES: The only unique cells in that they are haploid(other cells are diploid). HAPLOID: possess only 23 chromosomes DIPLOID: contain 46 chromosomes FERTILIZATION: A process wherein a sperm cell and an ovum unite. The resulting cell in the process ( zygote) is DIPLOID because it inherits all the chromosomes in both gametes. EMBRYO: The developing human individual from the time ofimplantation to the end of the 8th week after fertilization. FETUS: The developing human individual from the end ofthe 8th week after fertilization until birth. Sperm cell (23n) + Ovum (23n) Zygote (46n) (fertilization) (mitosis) Fetus Embryo REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: oResponsible for gametogenesis Spermatogenesis: production of male gametes ( spermatozoon orsperm cell ) Oogenesis: production of female gametes (ovumor egg cell) oAlso produce the hormones that account for the anatomic and physiological differences between the sexes oMale reproductive system: provides for a means for the male gametes to be deposited into the female genital tract oFemale reproductive system: provides the appropriate milieu for a successful pregnancy MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: ocomponents: 1.testes 2.duct system of each testis 3.copulatory organ (penis) 4.accessory glands. FIRST COMPONENT OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM - TESTES TESTES: They are organs that produce the male gametes ( spermatozoa or sperm cells ) and the male hormone (testosterone). SCROTUM: A sac under the penis that is made up of skin and subcutaneous tissue. It encloses the testes. TUNICA ALBUGINEA: A tough fibrous capsule of the testis that is made up dense irregular connective tissue. MEDIASTINUM TESTIS: Thickened portion at the posterior surface of Tunica Albuginea. ‐It is where blood and lymphatic vessels enter and/or exit, and the ductuli efferentes (segments of the testicular duct system) leave, the testis. ‐Where the tunica albuginea sends connective tissue septacalledseptulae testis into the substance of the testis that divides the organ, although incompletely, into lobules (lobuli testis). LOBULI TESTIS: About 250/testis. Each contains 1-4 seminiferous tubules. SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES: highly-coiled tubes that occupies the greater part of each testicular lobule. Also, it is where the male gametes,spermatozoa or sperm cells , are produced by a process called spermatogenesis. SUBJECT: ANATOMY TOPIC: MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM (HISTOLOGY) LECTURER: DR. EDUARDO GONZALES DATE: December 9, 2010