Hiroshima

By: Megan, Joie, Bridget, Michael, and Charlie

Vocabulary•Fission: Splitting of nucleus of an atom into nuclei of lighter atoms, accompanied by the release of energy.•Fusion: A thermonuclear reaction in which nuclei of light atoms join to form nuclei of heavier atoms•Manhattan Project: The codename of the project of constructing the bomb.•Atomic Bomb: A bomb whose explosive force comes from a chain reaction based on nuclear fission

Vocabulary Continued•Nuclear Radiation: radiation in form of elementary particles emitted by an atomic nucleus•Critical Mass: The amount of a given fissionable material necessary to sustain a chain reaction at a constant rate.•Radioactive Fallout: Is the residual hazard from a nuclear explosion, so it “falls out” of the atmosphere after the explosion.

Historical Context Bomb dropped August 6th, 1945 United States dropped bomb Hiroshima during

final stages World War II

Constructing the Bomb Albert Einstein wrote president Manhattan project codename project Whitesand, New Mexico. scientists participated research J. Robert

Oppenheimer, General Leslie Groves tested Trinity Site,1959

Isotope’s of “Little Boy” and “Fat Man”

Isotope “Little Boy” uranium based, used plutonium as fissile material.

isotope “Fat Man” Plutonium-239, Uranium-238 surrounded material.

94239Pu --> 92

235U + 24He

92238U --> 90

234Th + 24He

The Concept of Fission U-235 Plutonium, Thorium undergo fission Nucleus split by bombarding neutrons Barium-144 forms Krypton-89 Neutrons sustain it

Critical Mass Smallest amount fissile material headed for

nuclear chain reaction Depends upon its nuclear properties

Size and Weight of Little Boy Size is 9.8ft, 3m, 28 in, 71 cm Weight: 8,000 pounds or 4,000 kg

Triggered on ground impact? Trigger over ground to cause larger area affect.

Destructive force of Little Boy “Little Boy” affected Hiroshima and Nagasaki About 70,000 people died initial blast of atomic

bomb

Health Affects Death from radiation Side affects vomiting, diarrhea and many types of

cancer

Bibliography•8, August, 1945, newspapers in the U.S. were reporting that broadcasts from Radio Tokyo had described the destruction observed in Hiroshima. "Practically all living things, human, and animal. "Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia." Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Nov. 2010. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_bombings_of_Hiroshima_and_Nagasaki>.•"Encyclopædia Britannica Online School Edition." Encyclopædia Britannica Online School Edition. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Nov. 2010. <http://school.eb.com/all/comptons/article-205768?query=fission&ct=>.•"Encyclopædia Britannica Online School Edition." Encyclopædia Britannica Online School Edition. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Nov. 2010. <http://school.eb.com/all/comptons/article-9311695>.

•"Encyclopædia Britannica Online School Edition." Encyclopædia Britannica Online School Edition. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Nov. 2010. <http://school.eb.com/all/eb/article-9034411?query=fission&ct=null>.•"How Everything Works - Nuclear Weapons, Page 1 - Printer Friendly." How Everything Works - How Everything Works Home Page. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Nov. 2010. <http://www.howeverythingworks.org/prints.php?topic=nuclear_weapons&page=1>.•"Nuclear Energy." Encyclopedia Britannica Online School Edition. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Nov. 2008. <ttp://school.eb.com/all/elementary/article?articleId=353549&query=fission&ct=>.•MLA formatting by BibMe.org.

Bibliography Continued