high school cosmic ray projects in europe gregory snow / university of nebraska to replace
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High School Cosmic Ray Projects in Europe Gregory Snow / University of Nebraska To replace Dr. Bob Van Eijk / NIKHEF, Amsterdam HiSPARC in the Netherlands Report on 2 nd CRSP meeting (Cosmic Ray School Projects) Lisbon, Portugal, September 9, 2006. European High School Cosmic Ray Sites. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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High School Cosmic Ray Projectsin Europe
Gregory Snow / University of Nebraska
To replaceDr. Bob Van Eijk / NIKHEF, Amsterdam
1.HiSPARC in the Netherlands
2.Report on 2nd CRSP meeting(Cosmic Ray School Projects)
Lisbon, Portugal, September 9, 2006
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European High School Cosmic Ray Sites
• Reporting at the Lisbon meeting:• Portugal• The Netherlands• Belgium• Greece• Italy• Denmark• Poland• Russia• Sweden
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Group photo from first CRSP meeting
NIKHEF, Amsterdam, 7-8 March 2005
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One slide summary of the situation in Europe
• There are a few mature and several emerging like-minded efforts• Teams of high school teachers and students work with university physics groups to study extensive air showers using school-based detectors• Projects embrace both educational and scientific goals• All projects employ plastic scintillators placed on high school rooftops, except EEE in Italy which will employ Multi-Gap Resistive Plate Chambers• GPS receivers give local time stamp for cosmic ray events recorded locally, internet allows teams to share data and search for building-sized or city-sized showers and long-distance correlations • Most efforts are/have developed readout electronics, data acquisition software and analysis techniques independently, relying on local expertise• Full fledged start-up or expansion limited by funding and manpower• Desire for a more global, unified approach to eliminate duplication of effort and to standardize/share detectors, procedures, data format, curriculum materials, …
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www.hisparc.nl
At present: 5 clusters in NL, with national project manager Groningen, Utrecht, Nijmegen, Leiden, Amsterdam (each with their own leader)
Sites in The Netherlands
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At present: About 42 detector stations operational or pending
Sites in The Netherlands
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GPSantennas
Present price per school:6500 Euros(20% cost is scintillator)
Sites in The Netherlands
Car top ski racks!
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Status HiSPARC
Amsterdam: 20 detectors
Groningen: : 4 detectors
Leiden: 7 detectors
Nijmegen: 9 detectors
Utrecht: : 2 detectors
Difficult to keep Difficult to keep detectors online.detectors online.
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Annual Symposium
April 2006
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5mPORTUGAL
Sites in Portugal
9
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150 Km5 High
schools in
Lisbon
3 High schools
in Lisbon metropol
[3-30]Km
2 High schools in Beja
PORTUGAL
Sites in Portugal
• Beja
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Belgium
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The HELYCON Detector Module
Greece
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The EEE project (Extreme Energy Events)
The physics and the detector
F.Riggi, for the EEE Collaboration
Department of Physics and Astronomy and INFN, Catania
Lisboa, September 9, 2006
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Carbon layerMylar
glass
glass
glass
glass
glass
glass
Mylar
Carbon layer
Pick-up electrode
Gas gaps ~ 300 m
Pick-up electrode
Anode 0 V
Cathode -10 kV
(-2 kV)
(-4 kV)
(-6 kV)
(-8 kV)
Multi-gap Resistive Plate ChambersThe basic working principles
Developed by the ALICE TOF group, to achieve excellent time resolution (40 ps) and efficiency
Each MRPC is a stack of resistive plates, transparent to the avalanches generated inside the gas gaps.
The induced signal on ext.electrodes is the sum over all the gaps
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1013 eV 1014 eV 1015 eV 1016 eV
COSMOS Simulations of proton-induced air showers in Catania metropolitan area
Physics topics to investigate
• Correlation between telescopes not too far away (i.e. in the same town) may allow the detection of extended showers initiated by high energy primaries.
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km
kmMC simulation (made with the COSMOS generator) of an Extensive Air Shower induced by a 1017 eV proton.
At the ground level 1 million muons (red dots) arrive, over an area with radius at least 2 km.
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Lisbon, 9 September 2006
Toward a European
OrganisationJan-Willem van Holten & Bob van Eijk
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International organization: Why?
• Provide platform to share experiences
• To optimise information exchange between the various participants:
– Specific scientific knowledge
– Instruction material for high-school teachers
– Instruction material for high-school students
• Make efficient use of limited manpower
• Scientific co-operation
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Advisory BoardAdvisory Board
Organisation…
Steering GroupSteering Group
Physics GroupPhysics Group
Detectors GroupDetectors Group
ELO GroupELO Group
Curriculum GroupCurriculum Group
DocumentationDocumentation
& Web Group& Web Group
DatabaseDatabase
& DAQ Group& DAQ GroupPR, Editorial &PR, Editorial &
Speaker BoardSpeaker Board
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Aiming toward a worldwide networkof cosmic ray detectors