HI-600: Analysis and Design of Health Information Systems

Planning: Part IISelection of Priorities and Methodologies

Project Selection and Management• Increased demand for IT projects• Project selection process is harder• A solution: Project Portfolio Management

• Project portfolio management has become a critical success factor for IT departments.

• A selected system development project must undergo a thorough process of project management.

• A critical success factor for project management is to start with a realistic assessment of the work and then manage the project according to the plan.

PROJECT SELECTION• Projects are not independent, considered

within the context of the project portfolio• Need to categorize to be able to manage

all at once based on size, cost, purpose, length, risk, scope, and economic value

• Selection based on organization’s priorities, not on individual divisions’ priorities

Concluding Remarks on Project Selection• What are we doing, and why?• What are we not doing, and why?• Organizations have finite resources, and

limited windows of opportunity. There must be sufficient governance in place to decide which initiatives will get the green light, which will get deferred, or rejected.

• Governance groups should operate on guiding principles.

CREATING THE PROJECT PLAN• Selecting appropriate development

methodology• Estimating project time frame• Identifying tasks• Developing the Work Plan

Project Methodology Options• A methodology is a formalized approach to implementing

the SDLC• Waterfall Development

• Parallel Development• V-model

• Rapid Application Development (RAD)• Iterative Development• System Prototyping• Throwaway Prototyping

• Agile Development• Extreme Programming (XP)• Scrum• Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM)

Waterfall Development

Parallel V-Model

Rapid Application Development (RAD)Iterative System Prototyping

Throwaway Prototyping

Agile Development• Extreme programming – emphasizes

customer satisfaction and teamwork. Core values are communication, simplicity, feedback, and courage

Selecting the Appropriate Development Methodology

Estimating the Project Time Frame• Using Industry Standards

• Function point approach (Appendix 2A)

Developing the Project Work Plan

STAFFING THE PROJECT• Staffing Plan• Quantity and type of personnel • Potential changes overtime• Management hierarchy: functional lead and technical

lead• Motivation: monetary and intrinsic rewards• Conflict management• Coordination of project activities• Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tools• Standards• Documentation

MANAGING AND CONTROLLING THE PROJECT

SUMMARY• The project selection process takes into

account all of the projects in the organization, using project portfolio management.

• The project plan defines the tasks, task time estimates, and other information.

• A project requires staffing and coordinating project activities.

• Managing and controlling the project include scope management, time-boxing, and risk assessment.

Outcome of the Planning Phase• A vendor or project is selected • The organizational structure is put in place to

support said project (new hires or contractors)• Timelines and deliverables are calculated • Costs are estimated and budgets are set

accordingly.• Unknown costs and resources are budgeted for

and planned for at some level.• A maintenance plan is put in place.• This is the boring part, but it is 60-70% of IT