HEPNT

John Gordon

DCI, RAL

Integration

The Unix Enthusiast’s View of

NT Unix

The NT Enthusiast’s View of

NT Unix

Harmony?

CPUDesktops File Servers Print Servers

Mail Web Network

A Unix Site

WAN

NT W98

W95W31NT

CPUDesktops File Servers Print Servers

Mail Web Network

A PC Site

WAN

NT W98

W95NT

CPUDesktops File Servers Print Servers

Mail Web Network

A Mixed Site

WAN

NT W98

Areas for Integration

• File Services

• Printing

• Network Services

• Cross-platform use

• Porting

NT Client Unix Client

Unix ServerNT Server

SM

B

NF

S

NFS

NFS

Samba

SMB

NFS NFS

Samba

SMB

NFS

SMB

Data Flow

SMB

NFS

File Access

• Samba gateways between SMB and Unix in both directions

• NFS client for NT allows access to Unix servers

• NFS server for NT allows unix clients access to NT files.

AFS

• AFS Client for NT– allows access to the WAN

– as well as your own cell

– integrated fairly well with NT

– windows and linemode interfaces

• AFS server for NT– available

– no experience in HEP

Printing

• Most systems support LPR/LPD

NTS

LPD

PRT1

Mac

LPDUnix

NTW

NETBIOS

LPR

Printing

• Using LPR printing gives a symmetry between NT and Unix printing which can be used to:– allow NT users to use an existing Unix printing

infrastructure

– allow Unix users to use an NT printing infrastructure

– allow an easy migration between unix and NT

– allow peaceful coexistence between unix and NT (and VMS)

Network Services

• SMTP, DNS, DHCP, Dialup

• All available on NT

• Web servers and other tools

• The web is a good example of a recent development where unix doesn’t have the advantage of history. Tools like Frontpage give NT the lead even without MS extensions.

Cross-Platform Access

• You have NT and want access to Unix applications and tools.

• You have unix and want access to NT applications and tools.

Unixy Things from NT

• X11 server

• Unix Environment on NT– Cygnus cygwin32

– Nutcracker

– Interix

– MS NT Services for Unix add-on pack

• Port programs to Win32 API

Cygwin

• A porting layer for unix applications

• DLL provides a large subset of unix system calls: Posix.1, ANSI C, BSD and SVR4 services including Berkeley sockets

• Gnu compiler tools

• bash shell

• Maps unix system calls onto WIN32

NuTcracker

• Extensive set of libraries which interface unix system calls to WIN32.

Interix (was OpenNT)

• Alternative sub-system, not an emulation layer

• Implements system calls through a Posix subsystem directly into the kernel services, not through WIN32.

• X11 server and clients, multi-user telnetd, bash shell, gnu compilers.

NT applications from Unix

• Get a PC

• Run emulation software – SoftWindows, WABI

• Remote access to NT server from unix– NT 3.51 Wincenter, Ntrigue, WinDD

– NT4 Terminal Server, Winframe, Wincenter

Remote Access to NT

Citrix MetaFrame

MS NT 4.0Terminal Server Edition

X Server (UNIX/PC.)Telnet / rsh

WinFrame ClientNT, W95/98,UNIX, Mac..ICA

NCD WinCenterfor MetaFrame

M/S Thin ClientNT W/S,W95/98...T.120

X11

Batch

• LSF, the current batch system of choice in HEP has support for mixed clusters including unix and NT

• The only restriction is that the master node must be unix

Unix in an NT Environment

• Many unix suppliers provide NT services on unix

• Digital Pathworks, Sun’s Cascade allow their bigger servers to be integrated into NT environments

• Allow sharing between unix and NT but not always marketed as such.

Summary

• Unix and NT are just operating systems

• They have many services in common

• They each have their strengths

• Most sites will have a mix of services

• Ideally, use the one which is best for the job…

• ….but we all have historical and political constraints.

URLs

• http://www.transarc.com/Product/EFS/TechSheets/Afsnt/afsnt.html AFS NT

• http://www.interix.com/ Interix Home Page

• http://www.datafocus.com/products/nutcracker/" NuTCRACKER Product Information

• http://www.hummingbird.com/products/nc/nfs/index.html NFS Maestro

• http://www.hummingbird.com/products/nc/exceed/index.html Exceed

• http://www.platform.com/ Platform Computing Corporation