1. According to theFick principle,blood flow isequal to?

O2 consumption/([O2]B - [O2]A)2. According to the

Fick principle,the rate at whichthe circulationabsorbs O2 fromthe lungs mustequal?

change in O2 concentration in pulmonaryblood x pulmonary blood flow

3. Between velocityand diameter,which has agreater impact onflow (turbulentflow)?

velocity

4. Considering totalcross sectionalarea, throughwhich bloodvessels is bloodflow the fastest?Slowest? aorta

capillaries5. Does the aorta or

a large arteryhave a greatertension?

Aorta has greater tension.

Laplace's law: change in pressure = 2T/r

6. Explain howanemia leads tohigh outputfailure.

hematocrit reduced

lowered blood pressure

cardiac output raised7. For the Fick

principle, whatblood vessel canbe used forpulmonaryvenous blood[O2]?

peripheral artery

8. For the Fickprinciple, whatblood vessel orchamber of theheart can beused forpulmonaryartery blood?

pulmonary artery or right ventricle9. Hematocrit = packed cell volume/total blood volume10. In the Fick

principle, whatis used for themeasurement ofblood flowthrough thelungs?

pulmonary blood flow11. Is the mean

pressure head ineach majorartery supplyingindividualorgans thesame?

YES12. The largest fall

in bloodpressure acrossthe systemiccirculationoccurs acrossthe _____.

arterioles13. Name 2

vasoconstrictorsof the arterioles.

sympathetic activation

endothelin14. Name 3 factors

which increaseturbulence ofblood flow.

high fluid velocity

large tube diameter

high fluid density, ignored15. Name 3

vasodilators ofthe arterioles.

NO

adenosine

raised K+ levels

Hemodynamics (27)Study online at quizlet.com/_2l20h

16. Name a factorthat decreasesturbulence.

viscosity

17. A slight increasein vesseldiameter willlead to a large_____ inresistance.

decrease18. The total

resistance of anetwork ofparallelresistances is_____ than theresistance of thesingle lowestresistance.

less

*Total conductance (ease of flow) is thereciprocal of resistance.

19. Veins are verycompliant at_____pressures andcan accomodatelarge increasesin volume.

low20. Velocity of blood

flow is equal to?

flow/area21. What happens

to resistanceand cardiacoutput whenhematocritdecreases?

decrease

increase

22. What happensto resistanceand cardiacoutput when thehematocritincreases?

increase

decrease

23. What heartsounds areheard byauscultation innarrowed bloodvessels?

bruits

24. What iscompliance?

measure of how distensible blood vesselsare, i.e. the relative proportion of elastinversus smooth muscle and collagen.

25. What isLaplace's law?

Change in pressure = 2T/r

26. What is thecritical value ofReynold'snumber?

200027. What is the

equation forcompliance?

volume/pressure

28. What is theequation forresistance(using Darcy'slaw andPouselle's law)?

Resistance = viscosity of fluid/(radius)^4

29. What is theequation forReynold'snumber?

(velocity x diameter x density)/viscosity

30. What is the mostimportantphysiologicalmechanismbehindvasodilation?

reduce sympathetic tone

31. What parameteris associatedwith pulmonaryblood flow?

cardiac output

32. What principleis used to findthemeasurement ofblood flow?

Fick Principle33. What type of

flow is moreinefficient?

turbulent flow

34. Which requiresmore energy:laminar orturbulent flow?

turbulent flow35. Why are veins

very compliantat lowpressures?

Veins change shape as the pressurewithin them increases, *not due to elastin

36. Why does lowhematocrit leadto heart failure?

decreased resistance

decreased mean arterial pressure

salt and water retention

heart failure37. Why does single

line flow occurin capillaries?

RBC diameter > capillary diameter

38. Why is pressurein an oldperson's aortamuch higherthan that of ayounger person?

less elasticity in the old person's aorta.

39. Why is the aorta morelikely than a smallerartery to develop ananeurysm?

Laplace's law: change in pressure= 2 x tension/radius

Both blood vessels have the samepressure, which means that theaorta has a higher tension since ithas a larger radius.

Hemodynamics (27)