hematopoietic disorder

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Hematopoietic Disorder Irondefci ency anemia Vit B12 De & Folate De Anemia anemia G-6-PD Defciency  Thalaemia

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Hematopoietic Disorder

Iron‐defciency anemia

Vit B12 De & Folate De Anemia

anemia

G-6-PD Defciency

 Thalaemia

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• Defnition- A red!ction in n!m"er o #B$

% World Health Organization defnedanemia as

'ale ( )" * 1+ ,d. /03 mmol.4

Female ( )" * 12 ,d. /35 mmol.4

Anemia

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Morphology

Macrocyti

c

Hypochromic

, microcytic

Normocytic

anemias Vit B12 de Folic acidde Dr!,‐

ind!ced

 Iron de Genetic a"n  7ic8le cellanemia

  Thalaemia

 #ecent "lood lo% )emolyi% B' ail!re% A$D

% #enal ail!re% 9ndrocrine di% 'yelo:laticanemia

Etiology

Defciency Central Peripheral

IronVitamin B12 Folic acid Pyrido;ine

 im:aired "onemarro< !nction  -A$D  -Anemia oelderly

  -'ali,nant "onemarro< di

Bleedin,/hemorrha,e4)emolyi/hemolyticanemia4

Pathophysiology

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Normal Hematologic Vales

!est "e#erence "ange $%&'() yr*

Hgb (g/dL) M 13.5 17.5; F 12.0 16.0‐ ‐

Hct (%) M 41.0 53.0; F 35.0 46.0‐ ‐

MCV (µm3) 80-100

MCHC (%) 31-37

MCH (g) 28-34

!"C (106/mm3) 4.5-5.#

!$ (%) 11-16

!&t'c*c+t& ',d& (%) 1-2.5

&m '*, (µg/dL) M 50 160; F 40 150‐ ‐

"C(µg/dL) 250-400

F&'t', (,g/mL) M 15 200; F 12 150‐ ‐

F*t& (,g/mL) 1.8-16

V't "12 (g/mL) 100-#00

+t**'&t', (/mL) 0.01-0.03

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Clinical Presentations

Acte onset Chronic anemia

 $ardiore:iratory

ym:tom

  -Tachycardia

  -.i,ht‐headedne

  -Breathlene

 Fati,!e= headache=

>erti,o= aintne

7eniti>e to cold= :allor.o o 8in tone

+oals% Alle>iate i,n and ym:tom% $orrect the !nderlyin, etiolo,y

% Pre>ent rec!rrent anemia

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Iron‐defciency anemia

8oilonychia An,!lar tomatiti and,loiti

 Treatment

1 $ontrol o the !nderlyin, ca!e2 Dietary !::lement+ Thera:e!tic iron :re:aration

% 2 m, Feday

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Salt Elemental Iron (%)

F&* 9t& 20

F&* 9t&: &'cct& 30

F&* gc*,t& 12

F&* 9mt& 33

F&* +**t& 12

F&* cb*,t& 48

ron prodcts

Common AD"- ide e?ect GI

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Parenteral ronprodctsIndication

Iron mala"or:tion Intolerance o oral iron thera:y @oncom:liance

Iron de;tran /I' or IV4 Tet doe o 2m, /I' or IV4 o>er ‐1 min in

dil!ted IV ol!tion 'onitor or 1 ho!r or ad>ere reaction

% Aller,ic reaction incl!din, ana:hyla;i

+oals ),B riin, 1‐2 ,d. :er <ee8 and contin!e

treatment at leat +‐6 month

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Vit B12 De & Folate De anemia

Inacti

>e

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 $ardiore:iratory ym:tom

 @e!ro:ychiatric a"normalitie /Delay & nlyB124

Paretheia Ata;ia- Vi!al dit!r"ance

Pernicio! anemia+oals

 7i,n and ym:tom !!ally !"ide aterre:lace

Vit B12 or olate

Clinical manifestations

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De#. Etiology !reatment

Vit B12 - หล  ง intrinic actor

ลดลง

 - IM 

$yanoco"alamin orhydro;yco"alamin

- ral Vit B12 i

rarely indicated

Folate -ร บจากอาหารไม เพ  ยงพอ- การรบกวนenterohe:aticcirc!lation เช นPhenytoin= oralcontrace:ti>e=

ioniaCid

-Oral olic acid m,D

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emolytic Anemia

G6PD /Gl!coe‐6‐Pho:hate Dehydro,enae4

Defciency Genetic a"n  X-link recessive(sex??) lac8 o ,l!coe‐6‐:ho:hate

dehydro,enae

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/ymptoms o# hemolytic anemia

!reatment• หล  กเล   ยง o;idati>e treor

% Folic acid and iron•  ให  เล  อด /#arely4

อาการมกจะเกดข นทนทหลงเปนโรคต ดเช  ขอ หรชอ

หลงไดรบา - ไข!"ง หนา#!$น % &ดเหลชอง%อ'อนเ(ลมาก % ป!!า#ะ!คลาน) าปลา หรชอโคล'า-*า#ะโ(+ท!เ&ม,นเลชอด!"ง

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 Antimalarials: Prima!ine, $hloro!ine,

)ydro;ychloro!in

 Antibiotics: Dapsone, Sulasalasine,!uinolone

 Anal"esics: ASA

Miscellaneous: ThiaCide Di!retic= Vitamin

E= Penicillamine= Acor"ic /lar,e doe4=

Fa>a "ean

Drg indced Hemolytic anemia

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 Thalaemia

• Defnition- โรคโลห  ตจางพ นธกรรมจากความผ  ดกต  !องการ"ร  าง#  

โมโกลบ  น- "ร  างน  อยลง="ร  าง#  โมโกลบ  นผ  ดกต  

- เม  $ดเล  อด%ดงม  ล ก&'(ผ  ดกต   %ล(ม  อาย"   น/hemolytic anemia4

- .'าทอดทาง(น/กรรม+บบ

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Pathophysiology

Fetal )"F /2H24

Ad!lt )"A /224 J0K

'inor )"A2 /2L24 2K

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01!halassemia

!ype +enotype Phenotype'inor /4 or /M4 )" N 1

Aym:tomaticcarrier

'aOor (0/0): (0/<) * (</<) )" * 3

Intermediate (0/<) * (</<) )" 3-1

= < = = 0

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21!halassemia

!ype +enotype Phenotype

ilent carrier /- 4 Aym:tomatic

minor /- -4 = /- -4 Aym:tomatic

)") dieae /- - - 4 'ild to mod 'icrocytichy:ochromic

)" Barthydro:

/- - - -4 ม กเ"  ยช  วตต   ง%ต ในครร)  *หร  อ ตายคลอด

#(- -) t$al %, (- & ) t$al '

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Classifcation o# !halassemia

/e3ere!halassemia

Moderatelyse3ere

!halassemia

Mild!halassemia

Homo. 4thal4 thal5H4

E4 thal5H4 E

H4 Hdisease4 thal5H4

E

tem cell tran:lantation

lo< tran!ion M ironchelationQ :lenectomy

hi,h tran!ion Q ironchelation

lo< tran!ion Q:lenectomy

*> t,9'*, (&m*+')

* ให  เล  อดร  มา'มากเพ   อร(ง บการ"ร  างเม  $ดเล  อด Gold: keep Hb > 10 g /dl 

hi,h tran!ion M ironchelation

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Clinical manifestations

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crease "6C destrction

Iron chelation

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Pititary gland  Im:aired,ro<th

Heart    cardiac ail!re7i3er    he:atic cirrhoiPancreas    dia"ete mellit!+onadal    inertility

!halassemia 8 ron o3erload

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 ว ดรมา'ธาตเหล  $กในต บ%ล(ในห วใจ/T24

 T2 * 2 m  .V9F ลดลง

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ndication

89 ไดรบเลชอดมา : 8;%<; ครง<9 =>?26 @>??A3AB : 8C;;; BDE67

+oal- ลดร  มา'

@TBIให   ได  มาก+  

 "ด

-Deero;amine /DF4

-Deeri:rone /DFP4

-Deerairo; /DF74

!reatment-

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Agent Ad Half life Clearance S/E

FGH %I4B39JB@25A4B K;%L;

6DEMDEN1O PNN9QA3 I

<; 6AB 2?AB1?OC@>R17%S>3AB4T13UO%H3434VARA3O%W?4X3U

?>31?N13A4B%Y4R17 5MAB?>1R3A4B

%=MAB 27R>?13A4B%Z>?5ABA1AB@>R3A4B

%H?17 3AN ^%_ %\>23?4 >BA1

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Monitor DFO DFP DFS

 P2NA46>3?O 1BN >O> 1BB2177O E

IdI X>>M7O E

 PYe 64B3U7O `@A?53 ^%L 64BaC 3U>B>]>?O L64B3U5

E

 PYe 64B3U7O E

=>?26 R?>13ABAB> 64B3U7O E

=>?26 @>??A3AB 7>]>7 f21?3>?7O E E E

7A]>? A?4B 1BB2177O E E E

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• !otal iron 4inding capacity $!6C*-ร  มา'!องเหล  $ก+   ต  องการเพ   อน  ามาจ บก บ tranerrin

•!rans#errin ( โรต  นในเล  อด,  - ง+  าหน  า+   !น" งเหล  $ก

• Reticulocyte index (%): อ ตราการ"ร  างเม  $ดเล  อด%ดง 

•!rans#errin satration $!/A!*- จ .านวน ต .า%หน งบน tranerrin + มเหล  $กจ บอย/ 

•/erm #erritin- ร  มา'เหล  $ก"("ม!อง

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