Heat from StreetStreet Capturing Energy System

Supervisor: Eng. Ramez Khaldi

The studentsAbdullah Qalalwah 10612473Amjad M. Dwikat 10614479Hamza Sameer Fadda 10510086Mahmoud Samer Isa 10611524

IntroductionFor many years scientists and engineers tried hardly to find sustainable energy resources that don't have bad effects on the environment and they could reach to use renewable energy such as wind energy, geothermal energy, and solar energy. Solar energy is of the most important resources for energy nowadays. In this project we are going to get useful of the sun energy also invest the asphalted areas in harvesting energy besides to transportations.

ObjectivesFinding alternative energy source with good efficiency.Build model for street capturing energy system (SCES).Investigate the amount of energy captured by the (SCES) model and the factors that limits the captured energy.Investigate the temperature distribution along the depth of the asphalt pavement experimentally.Investigate two different pipe diameters to compare their ability to capture more energy.Investigate the possibility of reducing global warming effect.

System principle

Project outputsGet new to an alternative energy source.Investment of asphalted black areas.Reduce maintenance asphalted areas.Contribute in the reduction of Global warming.Investment resulting energy in multiple uses.

Suggested applications1. Heating and cooling buildings

2. Generating electricity using thermoelectric generator

3. Generating electricity using steam cycle

4. Heating water system

System ComponentsPipesAsphalt MixSteel three-dimensional networkPumpFlow regulator Flow meterValves Measurement Tools (Thermocouples)

Experimental procedureResults for fixed water flow experiment

Day: Tuesday Date: 26/4/2011

Relationship between generated energy and timeDay: Tuesday Date: 26/4/2011

Average Energy for the fixed flowDay: Tuesday Date: 26/4/2011

2. Variable water flow experimentDay: Thursday Date: 24/3/2011

3. Asphalt temperature profile3.1 Asphalt temperature profile without water flow experimentThe Figure shows the average temperature distribution along the depth of the asphalt sample

3.2 Asphalt temperature profile with water flow experimentThe Figure shows the temperature distribution along the depth of the asphalt sample with water flow rate of 0.017857 L/sec

Calculations Methodology m=*Qm:Mass flow rate (kg/sec): Density of water (kg/m3)Q: water flow rate (m3/sec)

Q: is the energy (KW): Mass flow rate (kg/sec) Cp: specific heat for water = 4.186 KJ/KgT: the difference between outlet and inlet temperature = Tout-Tin

System Efficiency Calculations The efficiency of the system is calculated using the following equation

Output power: the power generated from the system (w/m2).Input power: Intensity of Solar radiation for Palestine 900 w/m2 for April.

Summary for minimum and maximum efficiency for each model

First system (5/8'' pipes network)The minimum efficiency for the first model = 3.22%The maximum efficiency for the first model = 13.82%Second system (3/4'' pipes network)The minimum efficiency for the first model = 3.137%The maximum efficiency for the first model = 6.344%

Comparison between street capturing energy system and Solar Thermal System (flat thermal panels)The following table shows comparing between street capturing energy system and Solar Thermal System (flat thermal panels)

Comparison between street capturing energy system and Diesel boiler for heating waterThe efficiency of Diesel Oil boiler ranges between 72% - 80% On the other hand the efficiency of street capturing energy system ranges between 3.22% - 13.82%

Economic feasibility for Street capturing energy system

Summary for comparing between Street capturing energy system and Diesel boiler for heating water

Comparison between Street capturing energy system and Diesel boiler for heating water according impact on global warming

Financial studyThe following table shows the calculations of depreciation expense for the projectThe following table shows the financial results of the projectRecovery period of the project is 4 years and five months, without taking into account the discount rate and the time factor

Conclusions The asphalted areas contain huge quantity of energy which can be harvested and get useful from it in daily life uses. The quantity of harvested energy is calculated by the following equationIt depends on the mass flow rate which must be fixed during running the system and the change in the temperature of the water. The temperature distribution of the asphalt is changing along the depth, because it depends on the thermal properties of the asphalt mix. Using the system in large areas contribute in reducing the carbon dioxide emissions which increase global warming.

The longer the contact of water with the interior surface of the pipe makes a better opportunity to increase the temperature of the water.The wind velocity effect on the convection and decrease the harvested energy.The increase in the wind speed reduces the energy absorbed by the asphalted areas because convection increases between the air and the surface of the asphalt.The increase in the density of the clouds in the sky reduces the energy absorbed by the asphalt, because the clouds obscure the sun rays from the surface of the asphalt, so the clouds absorb part of the sun energy and reflect the rest of the energy out of the earth.

RecommendationsStudy the location

Asphalt mix

Steel three-dimensional network

Pipes network

Water flow

Working fluid

Pump

Generating electricity using Rankine cycle