health benefits of physical activity chapters 11 and 12, pages 66 – 67, and page 181
TRANSCRIPT
Lecture Objectives1. Define the term hypokinetic.
2. Explain the cyclical effect of decreasing one’s level of physical activity.
3. Identify and explain four hypokinetic conditions.
4. List and describe:a. The six controllable and four uncontrollable risk factors
for cardiovascular disease.b. The seven major warning signs for cancer.
5. Explain how exercise can treat or prevent each hypokinetic condition.
6. Describe other methods (not exercise) of preventing or treating hypokinetic conditions.
Past vs. Present
Change in life expectancy
Causes of death
What do you think our future will be like?
Sources Contributing to Early Death Today
LIFESTYLELIFESTYLE HEREDITYHEREDITY
HEALTH CAREHEALTH CARE
ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT~¼ of all deaths~¼ of all deaths
~10% of unnecessary deaths~10% of unnecessary deaths
More than halfMore than half
~16% of all health ~16% of all health problems including problems including early deathearly death
What is the #1 What is the #1 cause of avoidable cause of avoidable mortality in the mortality in the U.S.?U.S.?
Physical ActivityAffecting Life NOW
Performance of Daily Activities
Back problems
Mental health
Obesity
Aging (compression)
Decrease inDecrease in
Physical ActivityPhysical Activity
Physical and MentalPhysical and Mental DeteriorationDeterioration
NegativeNegative
Self-PerceptionsSelf-Perceptions
Lose MotivationLose Motivation
Cyclical Effect
Physical ActivityAffecting Life in the FUTURE
Hypokinetic Conditions
Cardiovascular Disease
Diabetes
Cancer
Osteoporosis
Leading Causes of Death
Heart disease
Cancer
Stroke
Respiratory diseases
Injuries
Diabetes
Hypertension
Other
According to the American Heart Association,
approximately 42% of the population will die from a form of cardiovascular disease.
Cardiovascular Disease
CONTROLLABE
Sedentary Lifestyle
Hypertension
High Cholesterol
Tobacco Use
Diabetes
Obesity
UNCONTROLLABE
Family History
Aging
Gender
Ethnicity
Diabetes Mellitus Type I (juvenile onset, insulin-dependent)
– Pancreas fails to produce insulin– Usual onset before age 30– About 5% of all diabetics are Type I
Type II (non-insulin dependent)
– Once called adult onset, but there has been a rise in the prevalence in children
– Lack of sensitivity to insulin and/or not enough insulin
– Often caused by obesity– ~95% of diabetics are Type II
Activity Reduces Risk of Diabetes
Type I (non-hypokinetic)– Reduces disease risk – Increases quality of life
Type II (hypokinetic)– Decrease insulin resistance– Improve insulin sensitivity– Improved ability to clear sugar from blood– Reduced fatness
Osteoporosis Progressive loss of bone mineral density
Occurs commonly in old age
Occurs at an earlier age and more frequently in women than men
Factors associated with osteoporosis:
– Physical inactivity
– Loss of sex hormones
– Low calcium levels
– High protein intake
– Smoking
– Caffeine
Lecture Summary1. Define the term hypokinetic.
2. Explain the cyclical effect of decreasing one’s level of physical activity.
3. Identify and explain four hypokinetic conditions.
4. List and describe:a. The six controllable and four uncontrollable risk factors
for cardiovascular disease.b. The seven major warning signs for cancer.
5. Explain how exercise can treat or prevent each hypokinetic condition.
6. Describe other methods (not exercise) of preventing or treating hypokinetic conditions.