hard engineering ap
TRANSCRIPT
A. Hard Engineering Strategies (p117)
• This uses technology in order to try to control rivers.
• They tend to give immediate results but are expensive
• Also in the future they may provide more problems.
How can river flow be managed – ‘hard engineering’
Why are they built?
• Generate electricity• Stop river flooding downstream• Provide water for farmers, factories
or homes nearby.
1. Dams & Reservoirs
• Often part of a multi-purpose project (often to control river flow, produce HEP, supply water, etc.)
• Recreation activities on Lake Powel, USA here• Major example is the 3 Gorges Dam in China.
Costs Benefits
How can river flow be managed – ‘hard engineering’
2. Channel (River) Straightening
• This involves digging a straighter shorter channel in areas where rivers meander. The logic behind this is to speed up water flow in flood prone areas, and stop water from "hanging around".
• This has occurred in York, but can cause flooding in downstream areas - a knock on consequence.
Costs Benefits
How can river flow be managed – ‘hard engineering’