hans-joachim bernstein ltc ret. consultant spectrum … · hans-joachim bernstein ltc ret....
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Hans-Joachim Bernstein
LTC ret.
Consultant Spectrum Management
Military Frequency Management
in the new
NATO Command Structure
Prague Summit Declaration
• Transforming NATO with new members, new capabilities, new relationships:
– Enlargement
– NRF
– Streamline NATO military command arrangements
NATO Structure
NORTH ATLANTIC
COUNCIL
SECRETARY GENERAL
INTERNATIONAL STAFF
DI
NAFAG NAAG NNAG
MILITARY
STRUCTURE
ACT ACO
CIVIL
STRUCTURE
DEFENCE PLANNING
COMMITEE
MILITARY COMMITTEE
MEWSG
JEWO
DPP PDD OS DOPA
IMS
NATO’s STRATEGIC COMMANDS
A C T
ACO Command Structure
ACO,Mons
Belgium
Joint Force Command, BRUNSSUM(CJTF HQ(L))
CC LAND HQHeidelberg
GE
CC AIR HQRAMSTEIN
GE
Joint Force Command NAPLES
(CJTF HQ(L))
CC LAND HQMadrid
SP
CC AIR HQIzmirTU
Joint HQLISBON
(CJTF HQ(M))
Allied Command Operations
Why mil. Frequency. Management ?
To make effective use of ALL
electromagnetic emissions for the Forces
Military usable Radio Spectrum
25 %25 %
75 %75 %
COMMS Applications
-- HF
- VHF
- Air Ground Air
- Radio Relay
- SATCOM
NON-COMMS
Applications- Radiolocation
- Radio determination
- Radio navigation
- Telemetry
- Meteorological Aids
Why Frequency Management ?
To seek authorization from the Nations
for use of mil. applications
The military are not the master of the radio spectrum
Radio Spectrum is a national resource of each Nation
Managed by the national authorities
Electromagnetic Battlespace
Air-To-AirDefenseAltitude20,000-35,000 feet
8-10 miles
Altitude 20,000-35,000 feet
Altitude25,000-45,000feet
Altitude25,000-45,000feet
40 miles Altitude25,000-45,000feet
TankersCAP Air-To-Air
Defense
Anti-RadarBombers
Reconnaissance
Radar Jammers
Anti-Radar
AWAC
S
CivilNetworks
Jammers
SOF
AD Radar
Bord
er
Air Base
AD Radar
Jammer
Civil Networks
DSCS
MILSTAR
UHFSATCOM
DMSP GPS Commercial Satellite
UAV
Radio Spectrum Requirements
OVERVIEW OF MILITARY USE OF RADIO SPECTRUM
9 KHZ - 1605.5 KHZ MARITIME MOBILE SURFACE AND SUB-SURFACE TACTICAL BROADCAST
RADIONAVIGATION FOR AERONAUTICAL AND MARITIME FORCES
1605.5 KHZ - 30 MHZ TACTICAL COMMUNICATIONS NETS, COMMAND AND CONTROL NETS,
A/G/A COMMUNICATIONS
30 - 108 MHZ TACTICAL, GROUND MOBILE, FREQUENCY MODULATED LOW-POWER
VOICE RADIO
108 - 225 MHZ AERONAUTICAL MOBILE (OR)
225 - 400 MHZ RADIO RELAY - A/G/A - TACTICAL SATELLITES - NAVY
400 - 960 MHZ FIXED AND MOBILE (TACTICAL RADIO RELAY)
960 - 1215 MHZ AERONAUTICAL RADIONAVIGATION (WORLDWIDE)
1215 - 2700 MHZ TACTICAL RADIO RELAY - RADIOLOCATION
2.7 - 3.6 GHZ RADIOLOCATION - FIXED AND MOBILE
3.6 - 5.0 GHZ RADIO RELAY (4.4 - 5.0 GHZ MILITARY BAND IN MOST NATO NATIONS)
5.0 - 8.5 GHZ FIXED SATELLITES (7/8 GHZ BAND)
Radio Spectrum Requirements
OVERVIEW OF MILITARY USE OF RADIO SPECTRUM
.5 - 15.23 GHZ FIXED SATELLITES (11/12 GHZ BAND) - RPVs
15.23 - 17.7 GHZ FIXED, MOBILE, RADIOLOCATION
17.7 - 31.0 GHZ FIXED SATELLITES (20/21 GHZ BAND, 30/31 GHZ BAND),
FIXED, MOBILE, RADIOLOCATION
31.0 - 51.4 FIXED SATELLITES (39/40 GHZ BAND, 50/51 GHZ BAND),
FIXED, MOBILE, RADIOLOCATION
51.4 - 105 GHZ PLANNED MILITARY USAGE CURRENTLY UNDER REVIEW
NC3B and Sub-Structure
NATO C3 Board
Information
SystemsSC/5
Frequency
ManagementSC/3
Identification
SystemsSC/7
CommunicationNetworks
SC/6
Information
SecuritySC/4
Interoperability
SC/2
NavigationSystems
SC/8
NC3 REPS
Joint
Requirements& Concepts SC/1
NC3A
NCSA
North Atlantic Council
Military Committee
Frequency Management in NATO
Competent bodyof NATO
NAC
MC
NC3B
NATO FMSC(civ/mil)
WPsWRC
ITU
ECC,WGFM,WGSECPG
Civil TelecommunicationAdministrations
CEPT
NATO Joint Civ/MilFrequency Agreement
(NJFA)
Ministry of Defence
NARFA
FMSC Role
• Civil/Military Committee
• Advice to other NATO committees
• Decisions on spectrum policy and usage
• Satisfy NATO spectrum requirements
during peace, emergency, crisis and
wartime
– Policy
– Day-to-day management
– Training From the NC3B Approved FMSC TOR
FMSCFMSC
MFGMFG TWGTWGPWGPWG
FMSC Frequency Management Sub-Committee (civ/mil)
WG/1 Policy Working Group (civ/mil)
WG/2 Military Frequency Group (mil)
WG/3 Technical Working Group (mil/partners)
Substructure of NATO FMSC
Conclusion
Spectrum Management in NATO:
FMSC:
• Civil / Military forum for long-term spectrum planning and negotiation
SMB:
• Supporting the FMSC and its WGs
• Coordinating / assigning frequencies
• Training
• Developing tools and maintaining database
ISAF
Article IV: Deployment of the ISAF
3. The Interim Administration understands and agrees the ISAF will have complete and unimpeded freedom of movement throughout the territory and airspace of Afghanistan. The ISAF will agree with the Interim Administration its use of any areas or facilities needed to carry out its
responsibilities as required for its support, training and operations, with such advance notice as may be practicable.
5. The ISAF will have the right to utilise such means and services as required to ensure its full ability to communicate and will have the right to the unrestricted use of all of the electromagnetic spectrum, free of
charge, for this purpose. In implementing this right, the ISAF will make every reasonable effort to co-ordinate with and take into account the needs and requirements of the Interim Administration.
� 1 SO (OF-4)� 1 SA (OR-7)
� ISAF Secret� NATO unclassified� Centrix
� Spectrum XXI (Database)� Radio Mobile (Coverage Plot)
� Spectrum Analyser (Willtek)� Direction finding antennas (Rhode & Schwarz)
Frequency Management in ISAF
REQUESTOR
AFG GO
Civilian
Users
KMNB
Subordinated
Units
UN, NGO,
IO,
Embassies
Units before
deployment
National
Command
Units
NATO CIS
Assets (SSG,
CGS)
Clarify / Validate Request Coordinate
Assignment
Requested frequencies
not available in the
ISAF Pool
Issue Frequency
License out of ISAF
Pool
NARFA
NAT. FREQ
MGMT OFFICE
KMNB FREQ
MGMT
OFFICE
AFG Freq
Authority (MOC)
US CENTCOM CCJ6
Assign
Frequency
ISAF HQ CJ6Freq. Mgmt.
Frequency Management ISAF
� monthly
� Frequency coordination between all users
� Interference resolution
� Antenna Coordination on the TV-Hill
� Discussion of Freq. Mgmt. Related Problems
Theatre Spectrum Management Board
OMC-AOMC-A
NDSNDS
ISAFISAF MOCATMOCAT
MODMOD
GEPPGEPP
MOIMOIMOCMOC
CFC-A
CFC-A
Frequency Management Board
The TFMC is the
� Senior frequency assignment coordination authority
it
� Establishes and enforces ISAF spectrum use policy
� Coordinates spectrum use within ISAF
� Coordinates spectrum use with the host nation and
other spectrum users
� Develops spectrum use plan
� Maintains and publishes ISAF CJ3-approved JRFL
� Resolves spectrum use conflicts
� Evaluates, analyses and resolves interference incidents
� Maintains the common database (Spectrum XXI)
Theatre Spectrum Management Cell
QUESTIONS ?