hamid khafagy executive it architectzu.ac.ae/wss/presentations/cloud computing, the...
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© 2009 IBM Corporation
© 2010 IBM Corporation
HamidHamid KhafagyKhafagy
Executive IT ArchitectExecutive IT [email protected]@ae.ibm.com April, 2010April, 2010
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Agenda
Cloud Computing UpdateStandards Landscape to-date“The Open Group” Standards Work-in-Process
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“Cloud Computing 101” Anyone?
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Still as popular as ever
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Why Do Clouds …
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Why Not Do Clouds …
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Private Clouds gaining momentum
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Market Size & Growth Forecast - Overall
Worldwide IT Cloud Services Spending: 2009-2013(for Business Applications, Application Development / Deployment,
System Infrastructure Software, Storage and Servers)
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Market Size & Growth Forecast – Cloud Services
44.21 17.41
12.82 3.66
6.63 2.09 Servers
6.19 1.57 StorageIaaS
14.59 5.22
8.84 3.48 Middleware
5.75 1.74 ADPaaS
16.80 8.53 App'sSaaS
20132009
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Market Acceptance …
95.7613170.6IBM
24.9225176.1Google
46.7124224.2Apple
156.5319201.3GE
1.3113310.6Salesforce.com
Revenue (B$)Price / Earnings (P/E)Market Value (B$)
According to Yahoo Finance - April 19, 2010
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But, how mature though?
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Cloud Computing is currently at the Peak of Inflated Expectations – according to the Gartner
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Looks Familiar ?
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Growing Marketplace
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An IBM Cloud Update
Public Cloud
Private cloud -Appliances
Private Cloud
IBM Lotus LiveNEW - IBM Lotus®
iNotes®
IBM CloudBurst™family
IBM Smart Business Test Cloud
IBM Smart Business Desktop Cloud
IBM Smart Business Storage Cloud
Analytics Collaboration Development and test
Desktop and devices
Infrastructurestorage
IBM Smart Analytics System
InfrastructureCompute / security
IBM Computing on Demand
IBM Information Protection Services
Business services
BPM BlueWorks(design tools)
Smart business end user support – IBM service assist
IBM Smart Business Desktop Cloud
IBM Smart Analytics Cloud
Smart business expense reporting on the IBM cloud
Smart Business Development and Test on the IBM Cloud (beta)
IBM Information Protection Services
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Agenda
Cloud Computing UpdateStandards Landscape to-date“The Open Group” Standards Work-in-Process
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Crowded Standards Scene …
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And mostly overlapping work-in-process
http://www.nrf-arts.org/
http://www.opengroup.org/
http://www.oasis-open.org/
http://www.opencloudconsortium.org/
http://www.snia.org/home
http://www.omg.org/
http://www.occi-wg.org/
http://www.ogf.org/
http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/SNS/cloud-computing/index.html
http://www.etsi.org/
http://www.dmtf.org/
http://www.cloudsecurityalliance.org/
Association for Retail Technology Standards (ARTS)
The Open Group
Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS)
Open Cloud Consortium (OCC)
Storage Networking Industry Association (SNIA)
Object Management Group (OMG)
Open Cloud Computing Interface (OCCI) Working Group
Open Grid Forum (OGF)
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
The European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)
Distributed Management Task Force (DMTF)
Cloud Security Alliance
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An attempt to position these efforts
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We will focus on The Open Group Work
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Agenda
Cloud Computing UpdateStandards Landscape to-date“The Open Group” Standards Work-in-Process
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To create a common understanding among buyers and suppliers of how enterprises of all sizes and scales of operation can include Cloud Computing technology in a safe and secure way in their architectures to realize its significant cost, scalability and agility benefits.It includes some of the industry’s leading cloud providers and end-user organizations, collaborating on standard models and frameworks aimed at eliminating vendor lock-in for enterprises looking to benefit from cloud products and services.We are committed to work with other groups with similar aims. At the outset, it is our intent to work with:
– The Cloud Security Alliance
– The Open Cloud Manifesto
– The Cloud Computing Interoperability Forum
– CloudCamp
– The Cloud Computing Use Cases Group
– The Jericho Forum
The Open Group “Cloud Work Group” Objective
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Scope and Deliverables
Cloud Computing Explained
Cloud Computing Business Use cases
Cloud Computing Business Artifacts
Cloud Computing Security
Cloud Architecture Framework
• OpenGroup Definitions, Terminology , White Paper or OpenGroup Manager’s Guide series
• Service Oriented Cloud Computing Infrastructure (SOCCI)• Cloud Computing Architecture (CCA)
• Questionnaire• Cloud Meta Model• CC Business Solution Architecture White Paper-
• Cloud Business Uses Cases Taxonomy• CC Financial Templates• CC Adoption Strategies• White Paper
• OpenGroup Cloud Security Explanation • Comparison of the Open Group Security Architecture with other Cloud Security Architectures• White paper or OpenGroup Manager’s Guide Series
• Cloud Standards Analysis • Cloud Governance Framework• Cloud Business Taxonomy
• Definition of Service Oriented Cloud Computing Infrastructure, SOI and IaaS• Identify required components for enabling Service-Oriented Infrastructure as a Cloud Service• Application of Enterprise Service Management concepts• Define relationship between SOA and XaaS (BPaaS, SaaS, PaaS, IaaS)• Define consumption models for IaaS
SOCCIA framework - possibly incorporated in TOGAF or positioned as an extension to TOGAF - that contains Cloud architecture method descriptions and reference artifacts.- Link to other forums including Jericho, Cloud Security
Alliance, NIST , Open Group SOA Architecture - for Enterprise Architects- for business solutions including Business Analysts, Business Architects, and business process owners
CCA
CC Security
• Open Group Cloud Security Architecture comparison with
• Cloud Security Alliance• Jericho Forum• Cloud Security Cube• Gartner: 7 Cloud Security Risks• NIST: Effectively and Securely
Using the Cloud Computing Paradigm
• ISO 28002• CSA• Jericho Cloud Cube.• OASIS Cloud work• …
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Participants, timelines
Participants– Bank of America
– Capgemini
– CGI
– Hewlett-Packard
– IBM
– Intel Corporation
– Logica
– The MITRE Corporation
– Model Driven Solutions
– Sogeti
– Steria
– Wipro
– ….
July 09 Jan10
Mar10
Jun10
Oct10
Jan 11
InitiateCloud Computing
Project TeamsElected
Service oriented cloud computing Infrastructure SOCCI
Cloud Computing Architecture CCA
Cloud Computing Business Use cases CCBU
Cloud Business Artifacts CBA
Cloud Computing Explained
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The Thinking Process
Agree on set of overriding principles for standards development– opencloudmanifesto.org
Agree on Terminology & TaxonomyIdentify a set of business-driven Cloud “Use Cases”Identify the various capabilities and requirements of each of these “Use Cases”that need to be standardized in a cloud environment to ensure interoperability, ease of integration and portability.Identify standards from existing ones and found gaps.
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Cloud Manifesto’s 6 PrinciplesOpenness– Cloud providers must work together to ensure that the challenges to cloud adoption are addressed through open collaboration and the appropriate use of standards.
Reuse – Cloud providers must use and adopt existing standards wherever appropriate. The IT industry has invested heavily in existing standards and standards organizations; there is no need to duplicate or reinvent them.
Pragmatism– When new standards (or adjustments to existing standards) are needed, we must be judicious and pragmatic to avoid creating too many standards. We must ensure that standards promote innovation and do not inhibit it.
Business-Driven– Any community effort around the open cloud should be driven by customer needs, not merely the technical needs of cloud providers, and should be tested or verified against real customer requirements.
Cooperation– Cloud computing standards organizations, advocacy groups, and communities should work together and stay coordinated, making sure that efforts do not conflict or overlap.
Competition– Cloud providers must not use their market position to lock customers into their particular platforms and limiting their choice of providers.
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DefinitionsCloud Computing DefinitionDelivery Models
– Software as a Service (SaaS)
– Platform as a Service (PaaS)
– Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Deployment Models– Public Cloud
– Private Cloud
– Community Cloud
– Hybrid Cloud
Essential Characteristics– Rapid Elasticity: Elasticity
– Measured Service
– On-Demand Self-Service
– Ubiquitous Network Access
– Location-Independent Resource Pooling
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Definitions …Other Terms
– Interoperability
– Integration
– Portability
– Service Level Agreement (SLA)
– Federation
– Broker
– Multi-Tenancy
– Cloud bursting
– Policy
– Governance
– Virtual Machine (VM)
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Taxonomy
Service Consumer (Roles: User, Developer, Administrator)Service ProviderService Developer
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Standards Types
1. Standards Across Cloud Service Types 2. Standards Within Cloud Service Types 3. Standards Between the Cloud and the Enterprise 4. Standards Within an Enterprise
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Seven Use Cases1.End User to Cloud2.Enterprise to Cloud to End User3.Enterprise to Cloud4.Enterprise to Cloud to Enterprise5.Private Cloud6.Changing Cloud Vendors7.Hybrid Cloud
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1. End User to Cloud
Applications running on the cloud and accessed by end users Common applications of this type include email hosting and social networking sitesThe user doesn’t want to keep up with anything more than a password
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2. Enterprise to Cloud to End User
Applications running in the publiccloud and accessed by employeesand customersWhen the end user interacts with the enterprise, the enterprise accesses the cloud to retrieve data and / or manipulate it, sending the results to the end user. The end user can be someone within the enterprise or an external customer.
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3. Enterprise to Cloud
Cloud applications integrated with internal IT capabilitiesIn this scenario, the enterprise uses cloud services to supplement the resources it needs:– Using cloud storage for backups or storage of seldom-used data
– Using virtual machines in the cloud to bring additional processors online to handle peak loads
– Using applications in the cloud (SaaS) for certain enterprise functions (email, calendaring, CRM, etc.).
– Using cloud databases as part of an application's processing. This could be extremely useful for sharing that database with partners, government agencies, etc.
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4. Enterprise to Cloud to Enterprise
Cloud applications running in the public cloud and interoperating with partner applications (supply chain) This use case involves two enterprises using the same cloud. The focus here is hosting resources in the cloud so that applications from the enterprises can interoperate. A supply chain is the most obvious example for this use case.
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5. Private Cloud
A cloud hosted by an organization inside that organization’s firewallThe Private Cloud use case is different from the others in that the cloud is contained within the enterprise. This is useful for larger enterprises. For example, if the payroll department has a surge in workload on the 15th and 30th of each month, they need enough computing power to handle the maximum workload, even though their everyday workload for the rest of the month is much lower. With a private cloud, computing power is spread across the enterprise. The payroll department gets extra cycles when they need it and other departments get extra cycles when they need it. This can deliver significant savings across the enterprise
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6. Changing Cloud Vendors
An organization using cloud services decides to switch cloud providers or work with additional providersThis use case involves working with a different cloud vendor, either adding an additional vendor orreplacing an existing one.There are four different scenarios, each of which has slightly different requirements:– Scenario 1: Changing SaaS vendors
– Scenario 2: Changing middleware vendors
– Scenario 3: Changing cloud storage vendors
– Scenario 4: Changing VM hosts
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7. Hybrid Cloud
Multiple clouds work together, coordinated by a cloud broker that federates data, applications, user identity, security and other detailsThis use case involves multiple clouds working together, including both public and private clouds. A hybrid cloud can be delivered by a federated cloud providerthat combines its own resources with those of other providers. A broker can also deliver a hybrid cloud; the difference is that a broker does not have any cloud resources of its own. The user has no knowledge of what the hybrid cloud provider actually does.
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Cloud Computing Use Cases Requirements
yyyyLifecycle Management
yyyyyyySLAs
yyyyData and Application Federation
yyyyyCloud Middleware API
yyyyyCloud Database API
yyyyyCloud Storage API
yyyyyyVM Image Format
yyyIndustry-Specific Standards
yyInteroperability
yTransactions and Concurrency
yyyDeployment
yyyyyyySecurity
yyyyyMgmt and Governance
yyyyyMetering and Monitoring
yyyyyLocation Awareness
yyyyFederated Identity
yyyyyyyOpen Client
yyyyIdentity
7. Hybrid Cloud
6. Changing Cloud Vendors
5. Private Cloud
4. Enterprise to Cloud to
Enterprise
3. Enterprise to Cloud
2. Enterprise to Cloud to End
User
1. End User to CloudRequirement
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ConclusionsGeneral requirements: – Common VM Formats, Data Formats and APIs: Virtual machines, data and applications created for one cloud provider should run on another cloud provider without changes.
– Cloud Management: Cloud computing is not feasible without service management, governance, metering, monitoring, federated identity, SLAs and benchmarks, data and application federation, deployment, and lifecycle management.
– Security: Security in cloud computing is vital, although the requirements for security will vary widely depending on the application and data types.
– Location awareness: A way of identifying the location of the physical machine hosting the cloud infrastructure is an absolute requirement for many government regulations.
Cloud computing builds on and complements many trends in the industry, including virtualization, SOA and Web 2.0. As a result, standards already exist for many of the requirements outlined here.We will work together as a community to:– Specify the existing standards that meet customer needs,
– Leverage standards work already in progress, and
– Identify what is needed to fill in the gaps not addressed by existing standards.
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Thank you!
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