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Hadron Physics at RHIC

Su Houng Lee 1. Few words on hadronic molecule candidates and QCD sum rules2. Few words on diquarks and heavy Multiquark States3. Exotics from Belle- Heavy Ion

S H Lee

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Babar: DSJ(2317) 0+ Puzzle in Constituent Quark Model(2400)

1. D0 K+ (2358) threshold effect

2. Chiral partner of (0- 1-)

3. Tetraquark

X(3872) G<10 MeV , Y(4260), Z(4430) G<50 y’p Z(4051),Z(4248) cc1p Must contain cc ?

molecule ?

Recent Highlights in Hadron Physics – Heavy quark sector

D0 D* D11864 2007 2420

D0+D* D*+D* D+D1 D1+D*3872 4014 4284 4427

S H Lee

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1-- States from ISR

S H Lee

S H Lee 4

JPC Special feature

QSR tetraquark

QSR molecule Others

X(3872)G<2.3

1++ B(XJppp)/B(Xpp)=1B(Xy‘g)/

B(Xyg)=3

[AV][S] m=3.92(Nielsen ..)

DD* m=3.87 (Nielsen, ..)

QSR with G (Morita) , Mixture

with cc

Y 1–-

gISR Belle

4260,4360,4660BaBar

4260,4360

[V][S] q=s m=4.65

q=u,d m=4.49(Nielsen, et al)

Ds0Ds* m=4.42D0D* m=4.27DD1 m=4.19

(Nielsen et al )

Hybrid

Z+(4430)G<45

?,0- y’ p [PS][S] m=4.52

(Nielsen, et al)

D*D1 m=4.40(Nielsen, Lee et al )

Z+(4050,4250)

? c p D*D* m=4.15DD1=4.19(Nielsen, et al )

D*D*(4020)D1D(4285) threshold

effect

Newly observed states

,cq[AV] ,cq[V] ,cq[PS] ,cq[S] bTab5

Tab

Tab5

Ta ggggg CCCC

,cqD1 ,cqD* ,cqD ,cqD0 55 gggg i

M. Nielsen, F. Navarra, SHL: arXiv:0911.1958: Review paper

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QCD sum rule results

22 /exp)(0 MssdsMJxJBT sum rule

contsms

sfs G

G

222 : Small M2 2MOPE : Large M2

m

M2

OPE Conv.

pole Dom.

Such Good Borel curve exists when

In principle QCD can not distinguish between diquark configuration and molecular configuration

but if the overlap is large, plateau and OPE convergence, pole dominance can learn which current has large overlap

...61 55 qqqqqqqqqCqqqCJ aadiquark gggg

2. Large overlap f

1. Resonance or pole exists

S H Lee 6

QCD sum rules X(3872): SHL, K. Morita, M. Nielsen (PRD08)

J=[s][V] Tetraquark current vs. J=DD* Molecular current

,cq[AV] ,cq[V] ,cq[PS] ,cq[S] bTab5

Tab

Tab5

Ta ggggg CCCC

,cqD1 ,cqD* ,cqD ,cqD0 55 gggg i

Small width <2 MeV

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Scalar tetraquark (Jaffe 76)

Search for H dibaryon Search for Q+ pentaquark

Previous Work on Multiquark hadrons - Light quark sector

L(1405) (Jido, Sekihara..)

N K S p+

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What are the systematics? What are these particles?

Where else should we look for?

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Some insights from for Multiquark configurations in a

schematic quark model(with S. Yasui )

ji

jiji

H ssmmC

,

.confining.Kinetic Mass

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Color spin interaction (De Rujula, Georgi, Glashow..)

color spin interaction:

jj

aj

aiji

jijj

aj

aijig

ss

mmCssH

,

q1 q2 q4

Diquark configurations vs. quark-antiquark configurations

Color Spin Favor

Q-Q 3bar 0 3bar -2

1 6 2/3

6 0 6 1

1 3bar -1/3

Color Spin Favor

Q-Qbar 1 0 1,8 -4

1 1,8 4/3

8 0 1,8 1/2

1 1,8 -1/6

q2

S H Lee

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MeV 4700 MeV, 1500 MeV, 500 MeV, 300 bcsdu mmmmm

Diquark correlation inside Baryons

u d u d

sL

s

ji

jiji

B ssmmC

,

.confining.Kinetic Mass

du

B

mmC

43conf.Kinetic Mass c L

su

B

du

B

mmC

mmC

S41conf.Kinetic Mass c

Example

Mass diff M –MN MS-ML MSc-MLc MSb-MLb

Formula 290 MeV 77 MeV 154 MeV 180 MeV

Experiment 290 MeV 75 MeV 170 MeV 192 MeV

S

S H Lee

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quark-antiquark in Meson

d u d u

p

Works very well with 3x CB = CM = 635 mu2

u d d ux 3 =

Mass diff M –Mp MK*-MK MD*-MD MB*-MB

Formula 635 MeV 381 MeV 127 MeV 41 MeV

Experiment 635 MeV 397 MeV 137 MeV 46 MeV

ji

jiji

M ssmmC

,

.confining.Kinetic Mass

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S=C=0 (ud) -AS=-1, ms=5/3mu (us) -3/5 A (ds) -3/5 AC=1, mc=5mu (uc) -1/5 A (dc) -1/5 A (sc) -3/25 A

MeV 14543A 2

u

B

mC

u d

A- A-

1/2+

s

MeV 487MeV '468A54Binding Q

u d

L=1

u d su

d

A- A59-

MeV 46823

)1670()1520(2 2*]2/1[

*]2/3[ L

LLIL

L2 contribution

- 500 MeV

in Five body quark model by Hiyama, Hosaka et al (06)

Q P K

Q+ (Jaffe Wilczek conf) in a naïve quark model

S H Lee

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Di-bayron (Conf 1) – (qq) (qq) (qq)

u d 0+

) Oka (M. repulsion Instanton MeV 29Binding H

u s

H di-baryon could be bound

unfortunately not found in so far

d s

u d

s

u d

s

H di-baryon

CFL Phase of color superconductivity ?

2SC Phase

su

B

u

B

mmC

mC

432

43

2

22 43

43

u

B

u

B

mC

mC

S H Lee

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Multiquark configuration:

Diquark attracation vs quark-antiquark

2121

1mm

ssCB

q3q1

q2

diquark picture: Yasui, Ko, Liu, Lee,.. (EJP08,EJP09)

Type of diquark and its q-q binding S=C=0 (ud) A S=-1, ms=5/3mu (us) 3/5 A (ds) 3/5 AC=1, mc=5mu (uc) 1/5 A (dc) 1/5 A (sc) 3/25 A

MeV 14543A 2

u

B

mC

3131

1mm

ssCM

BM CC 3

23 3 make mm

S H Lee

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Diquark picture for L (with D. Jido , K. Kim)

Magnetic moment: L = (ud)0 s

u d

sL

du

B

mmC

43conf.Kinetic Mass c L

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propagator mpi

S H Lee

QCD sum rule with diquark field

222

41 FsmDismDL sudud

2

2961 , :parameters Gm

mp

sL

u

d

OPE

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Result:

(GeV) m

2296

1 Gm p

S H Lee

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Result- cont (GeV) m

2296

1 Gm p

Constituent diquark mass

MeV 410)( udm

MeV 451243mm (ud)

spin color todue Attraction

du udu

B mmmC

m (GeV)

0.2 -0.5

0.3 -0.2

0.4 -0.013

0.41 0

S H Lee

S H Lee 19

Recently observed states with hidden charm states

Most probably molecular state NOT tetraquark

jj

aj

aiji

jig ss

mmH

1q3q1

c c

q3

q1 c

c

q3q1

cc

q3q1

c c

p

p

p

D D* D1 D*X(3872) Z(4430)

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Where are the tetraquarks and multiquark configurations?

Dense matter?

S H Lee

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Tetra-quark - configurations

u d d u u dd u0+

boundnot BM CC0- 0-

Binding against decay = (Mass of 2 Mesons) – (Mass of Tetraquark)

22 43

43

u

B

u

B

mC

mC

22 43

43

u

M

u

M

mC

mC

u d c b u dc b0+

MeV -21.25T of Binding 0

cb

0- 0-

bc

B

u

B

mmC

mC

43

43

2 bu

M

cu

M

mmC

mmC

43

43

S H Lee

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Tetra-quark – hadronic weak decay modes

pp KKBD )( )bc(udT 000cb

1+ u d c c u dc c 0- 1-)cc(udT1cc

22 41

43

c

B

u

B

mC

mC

cu

M

cu

M

mmC

mmC

41

43

S H Lee

- Binding against decay = - 79.3 MeV

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Belle: PRL 98, 082001 (07)

e+ e- J/y + X(3904)

D D*

e+

e

c

c

SHL, S Yasui, W Liu, C Ko (08)

Can look for 1+ (Tcc)

Previous works on TccZ. Zouzou, B. Silverstre-Brac, C. Gilgnooux, J Richard (86), D. Janc, M. Rosina (04), Y. Cui,

S. L. Zhu (07)QCD sum rules: F Navarra, M. Nielsen, SHLee, PLB 649, 166 (2007) simple diquark: SHL, S. Yasui, W.Liu, C Ko EPJ C54, 259 (2008), SHL, S. Yasui: EPJ C (09)

c

c

S H Lee

X

(3904) Tcc (3800)

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S=C=0 (ud) -AS=-1, ms=5/3mu (us) -3/5 A (ds) -3/5 AC=1, mc=5mu (uc) -1/5 A (dc) -1/5 A (sc) -3/25 A

MeV 14543A 2

u

B

mC

Di-bayron – general considerations

1 2

0+3 4

5 6

1 2

5

3 4

6

H di-baryon

B B

Conf-1

S H Lee

u d

0+u s

d s

H di-baryon

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S=C=0 (ud) -AS=-1, ms=5/3mu (us) -3/5 A (ds) -3/5 AC=1, mc=5mu (uc) -1/5 A (dc) -1/5 A (sc) -3/25 A

MeV 14543A 2

u

B

mC

Di-bayron – general considerations

1 2 0+

3 4

5 6

1 2

5

3 4

6

di-baryon B B

Conf-2

S H Lee

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Di-baryon (Conf 2) – (qq) (qq) (qQ)

u d

0+

MeV 92Binding H c

u s

Hc di-baryon

u c

u d

u

u

c

s

Hc di-baryon P Xc

cu

B

su

B

u

B

mmC

mmC

mC

43

43

43

2

su

B

u

B

mmC

mC

43

43

2

LX

SL

pp

pp

Kpp

ppK

c

c

)(

)( (udusuc)H 0c

mc 132

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large number of c , b quark production

Vertex detector: weakly decaying exotics : FAIR 104 D0 /month

Larger source size: A. Ohnishi ..

New perspective of Hadron Physics from Heavy Ion Collision

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T

Color superconductivity

RHIC, LHC

J/ψ, χC

ΛC /D

Quark-gluon plasma

d

u

d

u

s

d

u

us

ducc

Nuclear matter

uu d

e

e

J/ψ

Exotics Factory

Tccp

p

Exotics Factory

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Started from Molecular workshop

12 people 9 institutions

ExHIC (collaboration)

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First project: Production rate

1. Mol=usual hadron > Exotic

2. Realistic measurement of exotics are possible

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Tcc/D > 0.34 x 10 -4 RHIC > 0.8 x 10 -4 LHC

Hc/D > 0.8 x 10 -4 Hc/Ds > 0.25 x 10 -3

LX

SL

pp

pp

Kpp

ppK

c

c

)(

)( (udusuc)H 0c

Production ratios for predicted Multiquarks

QcD 0.74 x 10 4

QcDs 0.23 x 10 3

Qc production at RHIC and LHC

Hc production at RHIC and LHC

Tcc production

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More ExHIC Physics

General considerations for molecular states

Production rates at Belle : Exotics from HIgh energy e+e- Collision

Pt dependence of Lc/D ratio ……

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3. Belle + Heavy Ion can provide new perspectives in the search

1. We are witnessing an exciting time in hadron physics : Categorizing excited states and understanding exotics Systematics ??

Summary of talk

S H Lee

2. Diquarks are unique features of QCD, Mutltiquark states will exits in Heavy sector, due to diquark structure Tcc (ud cc) Qbs (udusb), Hc(udusuc) real weak decay, small background in RHIC, LHC can be a very useful heavy exotic factory

If found, it will be the first flavor exotic ever, will tell us about QCD, q-q interaction and dense matter great step forward in QCD