Information Networking Security and Assurance LabNational Chung Cheng University

Guidelines on Electronic Mail Security

http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-45/sp800-45.pdf

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Background

The process starts with Message composition Transmitted Mail server processing

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Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME)

RFC 822: transmitting messages containing textual content

does not address messages that contain attachments MIME were developed

Audio Application Image Message Multipart

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Mail Transport Standards

To ensure reliability and interoperability among various email applications

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

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Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Extensions

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Post Office Protocol

developed in 1984a way to copy messages from the mail server

mailbox to the mail clientRFC 918, nine commands were originally avai

lable for POP

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Internet Message Access Protocol

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Email-Related Encryption Standards

PGP and S/MIME Based on public key cryptography

symmetric key

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Pretty Good Privacy

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S/MIME

proposed in 1995 by RSA Data Security, Inc.S/MIME version 3

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Choosing an Appropriate Encryption Algorithm

Required securityRequired performanceSystem resourcesImport, export, or usage restrictionsEncryption schemes

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Key Management

difference between PGP and S/MIME PGP “circle of trust” S/MIME & some newer PGP “CA”

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Hardening the Mail Server Application

Securely Installing the Mail Server Securely Configuring Operating System and Mail Ser

ver Access Controls configure access controls Typical files to which access should be controlled are use the mail server operating system to limit files accessed by

the mail service processes. directories and files (outside the specified directory tree) cann

ot be accessed, even if users know the locations of those files. using a “chroot jail” for the mail server application To mitigate the effects of certain types of DoS attacks

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Protecting Email from Malicious Code

Virus Scanning at the firewall (application proxy) or mail relay The benefits weaknesses

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Protecting Email from Malicious Code

Virus Scanning on the mail server itself The benefits weaknesses Mail servers support

the integration of virus scanning at the mail server

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Protecting Email from Malicious Code

Virus Scanning on client hosts The benefits weaknesses Mail servers support

the integration of virus scanning at the mail server

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Unsolicited Bulk Email

unsolicited commercial email (UCE) or spam To control UCE messages open relay blacklists (ORBs)

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Miscs

Authenticated Mail Relay benefits Two methods

Secure Access Most protocols did not initially incorporate any form

of encryption or cryptographic authentication Transport Layer Security protocol RFC 2595

Enabling Web Access

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Using Mail Gateways

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Network Element Configuration

Router/Firewall ConfigurationRouters, stateful firewalls, proxy firewallsWhich portsRouter: network layer (packet filter) firewall