guidelines for lesson observation tasks task...

WA UAM STUDENT'S NAME: .............................ELT METHODOLOGY

GUIDELINES FOR LESSON OBSERVATION TASKSTASK 1

Teachers' questions

Focus: analysis and classification of teacher's questions asked during the lesson 1. what aspect/s of a lesson they refer to (function): socializing; organizing pupils' work; checking (vocab, understanding, learning); setting work etc.

2. what type of questions they are:a. formulaic b. information seekingc. echod. yes/noe. open-ended

3. the language of questions: L2, L1 or a mixture?

It is important that before doing this task you read the material given below. Again, as withprevious tasks, you are encouraged to read the assignments with an open mind in order to look forinspirations and ideas that you could use in your response to the task.

Back-up reading: 1.) Ruth Wajnryb “Classroom Observation Tasks” Ch. 2. Language, pp. 43-57 (you’ll also need this chapter for LOT 9). Read the whole chapter, however for this task only two sections will be pertinent:

a.) section 2.2 "The Language of Questions" b.) section 2.4 "Language Echoes" pp. 52-54

What is expected from you.

1. Lesson Observation Form done for the relevant task.2. Your answer in writing (in spaces provided below) to the following questions from the back-up reading:

section 2.2, page 48, question 3 (in about 150 – 200 section 2.4, page 54, question 6a (in about 100 – 150 words)

LESSON OBSERVATION FORMTask 1

Teacher's questions

YOUR NAME: ...................... TEACHER OBSERVED..................................GRADE : .................... AGE: .......... DATE: .......................

Question(in Polish or English)

Understood?(yes/no)

Type of question Function(what’s the question for?)

Example:"Who's absent?" yes seeking information checking attendance

Your answers to the back-up reading questions.Question 3, p. 48: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. ......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................

Question 6a, p.54: ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ .........................................................................................................................................................................................………………………………………………………...................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................

(continue on a separate sheet if necessary)



Discipline problems

Task 3 focuses on one aspect of classroom management ie., discipline problems and the waysteachers handle them. Similarly to task 2, you will look at the type, amount and pattern ofteacher's response to pupils' inappropriate behaviour during a lesson. To do this you need to:

list teacher's possible responses in your Lesson Observation Form in column 1. You arebest advised to do this before your observation using the list in point 5.5: Talking pointsfrom M. Spratt English for the Teacher p.107 (see in back-up reading below). Be careful!! – you may need to add some other types of teacher's responses when the need arises. (type)

against each response-type tick the number of times a teacher used this particularmeasure (amount)

in the pupils' behaviour column briefly describe what the teacher reacted to; identifythe pattern of distribution of teacher disciplinary responses (TDR) by ticking off, on a'map of pupils sitting arrangement', the number of times a particular pupil wasdisciplined by a teacher, irrespective of what the type it was (pattern)

It may be expected that there will not be a sufficient number of teacher's disciplinary responses during one lesson to enable you a full use of the response types listed in the handout. You’re best advised to use your data from two or three different lessons with the same class and/or teacher and to put your data together into one form.

Again, this task is quite demanding in terms of attention needed during the lesson and highconcentration!!!!!

Back-up reading – 1.) M. Spratt English for the Teacher, Unit 13. Although this is meant to be tutor- run, still you are supposed to do some of the tasks by yourself; for example, the reading on p. 103 task 4; speaking on p. 105. Task 2 in section 9 Conclusions on p. 109 is particularly recommended. 2.) Penny Ur "A course in Language Teaching", Module 18, pp. 259-273: for more information on the subject of classroom discipline

What is expected from you: To our post-observation session bring:

1. Your Lesson Observation Forms done for the relevant task.2. Be prepared to discuss the results of your observation with relevant examples

from the lesson3. Be prepared to discuss the tasks from the ‘back-up reading’ assignment.


Discipline problems

YOUR NAME: ...................... TEACHER OBSERVED ......................................GRADE : .................... DATE: .......................

Teacher's responsehow many times

Pupil's behaviourshort description

Comments

A diagram of Teacher' Disciplinary Responses (TDR)

BLACKBOARD

Your comments on TDR (Teacher Disciplinary Response) pattern:.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

WA UAM STUDENT'S NAME: ..........................ELT METHODOLOGY


Teachers' roles + teachers' teaching space

Task 4 of your lesson observation focuses on yet another aspect of classroom management ie.,the roles a teacher assumes in a lesson and how s/he moves around the classroom. Beforedoing the task do the suggested readings below. Also, before your observation you will have todecide which teacher's roles typology you will use. You may choose the 4 roles from DiscussionTask 8 (from Parrott's "Tasks for Language Teachers" – attached) or the 8 roles as identified byHarmer in Chapter 11 of The Practice of English Language Teaching (refer to the source). Your task will consist in:

identifying two examples for each of Parrott's teacher's roles, or (if you chooseHarmer's) one example for each of his eight roles. (column 1)

providing a brief description of the teacher's function (column 2) outlining the teacher's teaching space while performing a given function: in column 3

briefly describe where the teacher is; on a separate classroom plan track teacher'smovements throughout the lesson

It may happen that not each of the roles will be possible to identify in a lesson you are going toobserve and, alternatively, you may need to introduce your own role type to apply to the teacher'sfunction in a lesson (however, be careful not to duplicate already existing role types)

As with previous tasks, you are encouraged to read the assignments with an open mind in order tolook for inspirations and ideas that might be used by you either to write your diploma researchpaper or to design your new, self-made task.

Back-up reading:1.) M. Parrott "Tasks for Language Teachers" Discussion Task 8: Teacher's roles 2.) J. Richards & C. Lockhart “Reflective teaching in SL classrooms” Ch. 5, pp. 97-112 3.) Harmer "The Practice of English Language Teaching" Ch. 11.1 (old edition); Ch. 4 (new edition)

What is expected from you What is expected from you. To our post-observation session bring:


from the lesson


Teacher's roles + teaching spaceYOUR NAME: ...................... TEACHER OBSERVED ...............................GRADE : .................... DATE: .......................

Teacher's role Brief description Where she/he is?

A diagram of Teacher Teaching Space and the roles s/he assumes

BLACKBOARD

Your comments on Teacher's Roles in Teacher Teaching Space:......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................

(continue overleaf in necessary)



The learner as doer. Learner's roles

In this observation task your focus will be on the learner/learners. Read carefully the attachedback-up reading and do the task's Lesson Observation Form (it has been adapted from your back-up reading no.1)

Back-up reading: 1. Wajnryb, R. “Classroom Observation Tasks”, Chapter 1.3. pp. 34-35 The learner as doer 2. Parrott, M. “Tasks for language teachers”, Discussion Task 5 pp. 63-65 Learners' Roles

What is expected from you. 1. Your Lesson Observation Form done for the relevant task.

2. In your comment to the observation task include the ideas from task 4 or 5 or 6 on p.64 of the "Discussion Task 5" from Parrott.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


The learner as doer. Learner's roles.

YOUR NAME: ...................... TEACHER OBSERVED ............................GRADE: .................... DATE: .......................

What learners do What this involves Teacher's purpose Learners' roles

Your comments on the learners' roles:............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................



Teacher Talk – Student Talk

This time an aspect of the lesson that you will be interested in during your observation is teacher talk versus student talk. You will look at the amount, type and pattern of the teacher's and pupils' talk during a lesson. To do this you need to:

- identify the number of times a teacher spoke during the lesson and for how long, by ticking off, in your Lesson Observation Form, a type suggested. (you may need to include other types if the need arises) - do the same for pupils (you may need to include other types if the need arises)- calculate the overall time the teacher and pupils (on the whole) spoke - identify the pattern of distribution of pupils' talk by ticking off the number of times a particular pupil spoke ( to do this you'll need a 'map of sitting arrangement' of pupils in the classroom)

The task is effort and attention consuming. You need to concentrate hard and be well prepared to the task before going to observation. Think it well over in advance.

Back-up reading: read chapter 2.1 'The Teacher's meta-language' from "Classroom Observation Tasks" by Ruth Wajnryb - not everything in it will be relevant to your task.

What is expected from you. When asked, bring to our post-observation session the following:


from the lesson


Teacher Talk – Student Talk

YOUR NAME: ...................... TEACHER OBSERVED ......................................GRADE : .................... DATE: .......................

TEACHER PUPILSType No of times + time in secs

(approximate values)Type No of times + time in secs

(approximate values)

Gives instructions - tellspupils what to do

Gives instructions – tellspupils how to do it

Corrects errors

Explains grammar

Explains vocab.

Reprimands

Asks questions

Chats with pupils

Idle talk

...............................

...............................

.................................

Answers teacher

Asks teacher

Talks in pair

Talks in a group

...........................

...........................

............................

A diagram of Student Talk and Teacher Talk:

BLACKBOARD

Your comments on ST and TT patterns:..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................if necessary, continue overleaf

WA UAM STUDENT'S NAME: ............................ELT METHODOLOGY


Learners' interaction patterns

In this LOT you will look at student interaction patterns

I. During the lesson1. In this observation task you focus on the learners. Your aim is to identify patterns of interaction

between students, and/or between student/s and the teacher. 2. Read all the back-up material and use ideas from it to help you in your observation.3. Keep record of the exponents of the lesson focus in the way it is suggested in your reading

material to help you fill in your observation form after the lesson. 4. Lesson Observation Form – in the 'Comment' column evaluate the effectiveness of a particular

student grouping for the task done.

II. After the lesson1. Discuss the lesson with your fellow student (teacher) (if applicable) and share your ideas with her/him on the aspects observed.

2. Fill in the Lesson Observation Form using your notes from the lesson. As with previous tasks, it is strongly suggested that the assignments given are read by you‘reflectively’ i.e., putting all you read against your experience and teaching background, in orderto be able to ‘look beyond’ the mere task and get some additional inspirations and ideas thatmight be used by you for your diploma research paper or self-designed task.

Back-up reading: 1.) R. Wajnryb "Classroom observation Tasks" Ch. 6 Classroom management, pp.106-120. Read the whole chapter, however only the following sections will be directly linked with LOT 6:

a. section 6.1. “Managing classroom communication: patterns of interaction” b. section 6.2. “Managing pair and group work”

2.) (optionally) J. Harmer "The Practice of English Language Teaching", Ch.11.2, old edition, (you can skip section: 11.2.4)

What is expected from you. 1. Your Lesson Observation Forms done for the relevant tasks.

2. Be prepared to discuss your observations with relevant examples from the lesson.


Learners' interaction patterns

YOUR NAME: ...................... TEACHER OBSERVED.................................GRADE : .................... DATE: .......................

Student Grouping / Interaction Pattern

Type of Activity(describe)

Comment

Student Grouping /Interaction Pattern

Type of Activity(describe)

Comment

What conclusions can you draw from your Lesson Observation Task 6? .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

WA UAM STUDENT'S NAME: ...........................ELT METHODOLOGY


Managing error

In this LOT you will look at how a teacher manages error. Specifically you will concentrate on: a.) what errors are correctedb.) how the teacher corrects themc.) what result correction has.

I. During the lesson1. In this observation you focus on a teacher. Your aim is to identify the teacher's

feedback to learners' errors during the lesson. 2. Keep record of the exponents of the points a.), b.) & c.) above and use any ideas

from your back-up reading material to help you fill in your observation form. 3. If need arises you may alter your LOF(orm) to suit your observation better. 4. Lesson Observation Form – in the 'Comment' column evaluate the effectiveness of a particular technique of error correction.II. After the lesson

1. Discuss the lesson with your fellow student/teacher (if applicable) and share your ideas with her/him on the aspects observed.

2. Fill in the Lesson Observation Form using your notes from the lesson.

And again, it is important that before doing this task you read the material below. You areencouraged to read the assignments perceptively and to look for inspirations and ideas that mightbe used or creatively adapted by you either for your diploma research paper or for your own LOT.

Back-up reading: For more info on feedback and error-correction read:

1.) either: Doff, Adrian "Teach English" Ch. 16. pp.186-192 or Brown, H. D. "Principles of language learning and teaching" end of Ch. 9: Error correction. pp. 192-195.

Optionally, read the material related to LOT 7 below:2.) Wajnryb, R. "Classroom observation Tasks" Ch. 2, section 2.3 & Ch. 5, section5.5.:

section 2.3 The language of feedback to error, pp.49-52 section 5.5 Managing error, pp. 103-105

3.) J. Richards & C. Lockhart “Reflective teaching in SL classrooms” pp. 188-192.

What is expected from you. 1. Your Lesson Observation Forms done for the relevant tasks.

2. Be prepared to discuss the results of your observation with relevant examples from the lesson when an appropriate input session comes.


Managing Error

YOUR NAME: ............................. TEACHER OBSERVED ................................GRADE : .................... AGE: ..................... DATE: .......................

What is corrected ? How it is corrected?(technique; verbal/non-verbal; gestures

What result it brings? (what a learner does?)

Comments

Your comment on the teacher's correction patterns and techniques ?..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

guidelines for lesson observation tasks task...

Documents