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Call to Freedom � Guided Reading Strategies 65

Expanding West

GU I DED READI NG STRATEGI ES 16.1

READING THE SECTION As you read the section, examine each of the pairs of statementsbelow. Circle the letter of the statement in each pair that is true.

1. a. In California, presidios were the center of colonial society.b. In California, missions were the center of colonial society.

2. a. Much of the labor on California mission lands was done by American Indians.b. Much of the labor on California mission lands was done by enslaved Africans.

3. a. The Spanish population of California remained low because Californios were basicallycut off from the rest of New Spain because of the great distance.

b. The Spanish population of California remained low because Californios consideredCalifornia to be a separate nation from the rest of New Spain.

4. a. New Mexico was New Spain’s oldest and most important province on the northernfrontier.

b. Texas was New Spain’s oldest and most important province on the northern frontier.

5. a. Texios, Spanish settlers in Texas, developed an extensive mission system in Texas.b. Tejanos, Spanish settlers in Texas, developed a cattle-ranching society in Texas.

6. a. Father Hidalgo led Mexican rebels in a revolt against Spanish rule in New Spain.b. Father Hidalgo defeated the Spanish and made himself emperor of Mexico.

7. a. Agustín de Iturbide was the most popular ruler that Mexico has ever known.b. Soon after Agustín de Iturbide took power, the army forced him out of office.

8. a. The Mexican Constitution of 1824 declared Mexico to be a colony of Spain.b. The Mexican Constitution of 1824 declared Mexico to be a republic.

POST-READING QUICK CHECK After you have finished reading the section, in the spaceprovided, explain how the Mexican war for independence affected California and Texas.

1. California: _____________________________________________________________________________

2. Texas: _________________________________________________________________________________

Name __________________________ Class _______________ Date ________________CHAPTER

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20 Answer Key for Guided Reading Strategies

STRATEGIES 15.4

Reading the Section

1. abolition 7. American Anti-2. emancipation Slavery Society3. Liberia 8. Angelina Grimké4. Robert Finley 9. Frederick Douglass5. Horace Greeley 10. Underground6. Liberator Railroad

The main goal is the end of slavery.

Post-Reading Quick Checkescaped slaves moved along “railroad” at night,following North Star; stopped to rest during theday at “stations,” homes of abolitionists knownas conductors; conductors hid them; person“conducting” escapees would then send word to next station that they were coming

STRATEGIES 15.5

Reading the Section

1. c 6. g2. h 7. d3. f 8. j4. a 9. b5. i 10. e

Post-Reading Quick Checkobtaining equal educational opportunities; elim-inating laws that hurt women; obtaining equalpay for equal work; women to be able to voteand sit on juries; married women to have con-trol over their property

CHAPTER 16

STRATEGIES 16.1

Reading the Section

1. b 5. b2. a 6. a3. a 7. b4. a 8. b

Post-Reading Quick Check

1. Mexican government ended mission system,giving mission lands to Californios; wealthi-est families acquired huge pieces of landand created ranches

2. Texas became part of Mexican province ofCoahuila y Tejas, but few Tejanos remained;

Mexican government tried to recruit settlersthere to help protect northern frontier

STRATEGIES 16.2

Reading the SectionMain Idea: Tensions develop between Americansettlers in Texas and the Mexican government.Topic I, Detail A: Austin brings the Old ThreeHundred into Texas.Topic I, Detail B: By 1834 more than 20,000Americans had moved to Texas.Topic II: Conflicts develop between the Mexicangovernment and U.S. settlers in Texas,Topic II, Detail B: Attempts to negotiate with thegovernment fail.Topic III: The Texas Revolution begins.Topic III, Detail A: Texans attempt to defend theAlamo against attack.Topic IV, Detail A: Texas declares independencefrom Mexico and creates a constitution.Topic IV, Detail B: Texans defeat the Mexicans atthe Battle of San Jacinto.

Post-Reading Quick CheckStudents should choose three battles fromamong those discussed in the section andexplain their significance.

STRATEGIES 16.3

Reading the Section

1. Republic of Texas 8. free African2. Houston Americans3. The United States 9. Germany4. Tejanos 10. cash5. land grants 11. Texas Rangers6. Austin 12. San Antonio7. enslaved African

Americans

Post-Reading Quick Check

1. Sam Houston; adopted peaceful approach toAmerican Indian negotiations

2. Mirabeau Lamar; demanded that TexasIndians follow all Texas laws and leave theirhomelands

STRATEGIES 16.4

Reading the Section

Mountain Men: worked as fur traders and trap-pers; lived isolated and dangerous lifestyle;