guar-results and trials

7/28/2019 Guar-results and Trials

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TENTATIVE TECHNICAL PROGRAM

2006-2007

DIVISION OF HORTICULTURE

R.A.R.S,ANAKAPALLI


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EXPORT ORIENTED AGRICULTURE


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OBSERVATION TRIAL ON EVALUATION OF CASHEW

VARIETIES

Objective : To identify suitable varieties for North Coastal

Zone

Available literature :

Major area under Cashew is covered by local varieties.

Most of the gardens are multiplied by seed. Of late due to efforts of

ANGRAU and department of Horticulture the farmers are taking up

planting of grafts of improved varieties. The Cashew Research

Station, Bapatla evolved high yielding varieties like BPP-1, 2, 3, 4, 5,

6, 8 and 9 by selection and hybridization. Therefore to evaluate theperformance of BPP varieties, the present investigation is designed.


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Present Knowledge and justification

There is considerable area under cashew cultivation in the NorthCoastal Zone particularly in Visakhapatnam and Srikakulam districts

with more and more growers showing interest in this orchard crop.

However, suitable varieties for these tracts have not been identified so

far. In view of the foreign exchange potential and for expansion

particularly in wastelands, there is every need to identify suitable

varieties and to multiply planting material for the benefit of growers.

Techniques to be adopted :

Treatments : BPP-2 , BPP-4 , BPP-5,

BPP-6, BPP-8 , BPP-9

Spacing : 8 m x 8 m

Unit : 6 plants in each variety


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Data to be collected

Plant height Flowering rhythmGirth Percent seed setting

Yield Size of the nut

Pests and diseases Nutrition quality

Suitability to value added products

Expected benefit to farmers on adoption:

By growing improved varieties, yield per tree can be

increased by 10-15 kg in comparison to the local varieties.


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GROWTH CHARACTERS AND NUT YIELD OF DIFFERENT CASHEW VARIETIES

2005 - 2006

S. No. Variety Plant

heig

ht

(m)

Stem

Girth

(cm)

Plant spread (m) Nut

yield/

plant

(kg)

EW NS

1 BPP2 3.12 30.1 4.1 3.5

2 BPP

4 3.71 29.2 3.9 3.6

3 BPP5 3.84 28.5 3.6 4.5

4 BPP6 4.63 34.8 5.1 4.1

5 BPP8 2.98 24.8 3.7 3.3

6 BPP

9 3.32 35.4 4.9 4.8Mean 3.6 30.46 4.21 3.96


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Present Knowledge and Justification :

More than 60,000 ha of area is under vegetable cultivation inNorth Coastal Zone. Majority of the farmers are cultivating vegetables

under rainfed situation. The yields are very low and not remunerativedue to several problems. Hence, there is an urgent need to identify theproblems in vegetable cultivation by extensive survey of the zone. Thiswill facilitate collection of information and to document all theconstraints in vegetable cultivation. Based on this future researchprograms can be formulated on sound footing.

Data to be recorded :

Mandal-wise area under different vegetables

Yield data

Constraints in cultivation

Marketing facilitiesIncome from different vegetables


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Results achieved :

Mandal crop grown in max extent area (ha)

Anakapalle Brinjal 180

Ananadapuram Brinjal 186

Ananthagiri Tomoto 115

Atchutapuram Chillies 140

Chodavaram Bhendi 24

Devarapalle Brinjal 118

Gajuwaka Bitter gourd 38

Kasimkota Tomoto 136

Munagapaka Chillies 44

Nakkapalle Chillies 70

Padmanabham Chillies 84


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Evaluation of bitter gourd varieties for export

Objective : To identify suitable bitter gourd varieties for

North Coastal Zone for export .

Available literature :Biter gourd is cultivated in 650 acres in North

Coastal Zone mainly for domestic consumption because of itsmedicinal properties. The Agri Export Zone at Visakhapatnamopened up vast scope for export of vegetables and otherHorticultural produce to several countries. Indian bitter gourd is

liked in Malaysia, Singapore and Australia (Powell, 2005) inprocessed form.


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Present Knowledge and justification:

Export oriented Horticulture is gaining popularity day-by-day

with sustained efforts of Horticulture Scientists, entrepreneurs and

Government policies. Recent International Policy changes andestablishment of WTO have opened immense opportunities on export

front.

North Coastal Zone with AEZ at Visakhapatnam and with cheap

labour will accelerate economy of Andhra Pradesh with exports of

Horticultural Produce if suitable technology is provided.


Treatments : 10 varieties

Spacing : 1.5 m x 1.5 mReplications : Three

Unit : 10 plants / replication


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Data to be collected :

1) Plant height

2) Length of the laterals

3) Days to flowering

4) yield

5) pests and diseases

6) suitability to value added products

7) product storability

Expected benefit to farmers on adoption:

By growing improved varieties, yield of bitter gourd can

increased. By exporting value added products of bitter gourd, the

economy of framers and state will be improved.


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Evaluation of Garlic varieties for North Coastal Zone

Objectives : 1) To study the performance of different

Garlic varieties under NC Zone

conditions.

2) To find out suitable variety for

preparation of flakes.


The dry matter increase in bulb was slow

up to 89 days and increased until 132 days after which itremained steady (Ippio,2003). Garlic has good scope for

export from North Coastal Zone. (Murthy, 2005).


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Present Knowledge and Justification :

Garlic is grown in Rabi season in North Coastal Zone.


Design : R.B.D.Replications : Three

Varieties : Ten (To be procured fromdifferent centers of production )

Data to be recorded :

Height of stalk

Weight of cloves

Cloves thickness

TSS

Yield

Moisture content

Weight of flakes.Storability of flakes.


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EVALUATION OF VANILLA AT DIFFERENT SPACINGS UNDER

POLYHOUSE CONDITIONS FOR EXPORT

Objectives : To identify suitable spacing for planting vanilla

and poly house conditions.

Available literature

Vanilla is a most popular flavoring agent for numerous

sweetened foods, commercial food products, liquors, perfumes

etc., (Nielsen, 2003) It is usually propagated through shoot

cuttings planted at a spacing of 2.5 mts either way in poly house

(Vallejo, 2002).


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Present recommendations, knowledge and justification :

In recent years vanilla prices have sky rocketed in theInternational Market. Now the present situation in the World

market with regard to vanilla essence has tremendously

increased, Hence there will be good demand for the natural vanilla

There fore to evaluate vanilla it different spacing the investigation

is designed.


a) Design : RBD

b) Treatments : Four

Spacing at 1 x 1 mt, 1.5 x 1.5mt, 2 x 2 mt, 2.5 x 2.5 mt

c) Replications : Fourd) Plot size : Five vines / treatment will be

used to collect data.


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Data to be collected : Vegetative growth parameters

a) Number of leaves

b) Vine lengthc) Juvenile period

d) No of flowers / vine

e) No of nodes / vine

f) Yield of beans / vine

Expected benefit to farmers on adoption :

Optimum number of vines can be grown in unit area

and the income of farmers can be increased by judicious

utilization of space in the polyhouse


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EVALUATION OF TOMATO CV. ARKA VIKAS AS INTER

CROP IN VANILLA IN POLY HOUSE

Objectives : To evaluate tomato as intercrop in vanilla

in the poly house

Available literature: Tomato can be successfully grown in poly

house under controlled conditions to getmore yield (John, 2004). Since the inter

space in vanilla during initial stages is

more, tomato can be successfully grown to

utilize the poly house area in a better way

(Robinson, 2003).


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Present recommendations, knowledge and justification

Vanilla is being grown in Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram

districts of north coastal zone,due to the encouragement given by

Department of Horticulture. However, there is no scientific knowledgegenerated and technology available on vanilla and inter crops in it with

ANGRAU. The information generated through this experiment will fill

the gap

Techniques to be adopted

Treatments :Inter space in vanilla planted at 1x1 m spacing

Inter space in vanilla planted at 1.5x1.5 m spacing

Inter space in vanilla planted at2x2m spacing

Inter space in vanilla planted at 2.5x2.5 m spacing

Design: R.B.D.

Replications: Four

Spacing for tomato: 50x40 cm.


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Plant height /spread

Days to 50% flowering

No. of flowers / plantNo. of fruits / plant

Quality of fruits

Yield

Expected benefit to farmers on adoption

Tomato grown in poly house will give higher income to farmers

besides optimum utilization of inter space in vanilla in early stages.

Tomato produced in summer is highly profitable.


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PERFORMANCE OF GUAR UNDER DIFFERENT DATES OF

SOWING.

Objectives : To find out the optimum date of sowing for guar

Available literature : Sowing during 1st week of March recorded

maximum yield in Southern Zone of Andhra

Pradesh (Prasanthi 2004).


Cultivation of guar for gum is new to the North Coastal

Zone. Since the period from March First week of July is free

from frost and have more temperatures it is desirable to fix

proper date of sowing, so that the crop can complete its life cycleduring this period


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a) Treatment : Different dates of sowing

1) November 1st 5) January 1st

2) November 16th 6) January 16th3) December 1st 7) February 1st

4) December 16th 8) February 16th

b) Design : RBD

c) Plot size : 4 x 2 mts

d) Spacing : 30 x 15 cms

e) Replications : Threef) Feritlizers : 25 N + 50 P2O5 + 50 K2O kg / ha

Data to be collected : a) Days to 50 % flowering

b) Days to maturity

c) Hundred seed weight

d) Seed yield kg / ha

e) Gum contentExpected benefit to farmers on adoption :

By sowing the crop at appropriate time to skip the frost

and also rains at the time harvest farmers can obtain quality

seed which gives better quality gum to fetch higher price


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EVALUATION GUAR VARIETIES FOR GUAR GUM

Objectives : To identify varieties of guar suitable for North

Coastal Zone for guar gum extraction and export

Available literature : RGC 936, RGC 986, Suvidha are the

high yielding lines from Rajasthan

(Annual Report of AICRP on Arid legumes,2004). RGM 111 performed well in southern

zone of Andhra Pradesh ( prasanthi 2005)


Guar gum can be used in cloth and paper manufacture, oil

well drilling and explosives. Demand for guar is increasing

because of the vide use of gum in many products. As guar

varieties are location specific there is need to evaluate guar

varieties for present situations and locations


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Design : RBD

Treatments : 20 ( varieties)

Plot size : 2 x 4 mts.

Spacing : 30 x 15 cms

Replications : Three


a) Days to flowering b) Days to maturity

c) Hundred seed weight d) Plant height

e) Dry matter production f) Seed yield kg / ha

g) Gum content


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STANDARDIZATION OF PLANT SPACING FOR SEED YIELD

IN GUAR cv.R.G.M 111

Objectives : To identify suitable spacing for guar for seedyield.


Guar varieties RGM 111, RGC 1025 gave higher seed

yields at a spacing of 30 x 15cms (Annual Report of CAZRI,

Jodhpur, 2004).


Guar gum can be used in the manufacturing of cloth,

paper and explosives, the demand for gum is increasing days

to day. Hence, RGM 111 is evaluated at different spacings for

present situations.


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a) Design : RBD

b) Treatment : Four

30 x 10 cms, 30 x 15 cms, 30 x 20 cms, 30 x 30 cms.

c) Plot size : 2 x 3 mts

d) Replications : 6

Data to be collected : a) Days to flowering

b) Days to maturity

c) 100 seed weight

d) Seed yield kg / ha


Standardization of optimum spacing will give maximum

guar plant population per unit area which results in better landand water use efficiency. This will result in increasing yields and

optimum utilization of inputs.


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THE RESPONSE OF GUAR TO FOLIAR APPLICATION OF SODIUM

MOLYBDATE

Objectives : To identify effective concentration of SodiumMolybdate in increasing Guar seed yield.

Available literature : Seed yield was increased by spraying Sodium

Molybdate at a concentration of 0.5% after 15

days of sowing in South Australia ( Doward,2004)


Guar Gum is used in various industries like Paper, oil

drilling, explosives, clothing etc. If the yield of guar seed is

increased with cultural practices, the farmers will get immensebenefit


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Design : RBD

Treatments : Four

Spaying of : a) 0.25% b) 0.5% c)0.75%

d) 1.0% of Sodium Molybdate after 20 and 40 days of sowing.

c) Plot size: 2 x 3 mts d) Replications: Four

e) Spacing: 30 x 15 cms


a) Days to 50% flowering b) Days to maturity

c) plant height d) Hundred seed weight

e) Seed yield kg/ha. f) Dry mater production

g) Guar gum content


The results obtained, if favorable will result in increased yield of

guar to benefit the grower.


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INFLUENCE OF ORGANIC MANURES ON GUAR

Objectives : To find out the effect of organic sources of

manures on quality and yield of Guar gum

Available literature

Guar is cultivated for gum production which is in great

demand Internationally. Since guar gum is also used in food

industry, organic guar gum will fetch better price in international

market where organic products are in demand. (Taylor, 2004)


Globally, environmental and health awareness has

brought out a change in consumer preferences. Studies made on

the presence of agric - chemical residues in food products and

their adverse effect on human health have made people to shift

over to organically grown crops. Guar gum being extensively used

in food industry this study is proposed to find out the effect of

organic sources of nutrients on yield and quality


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Design : RBD

Replications : Three

Plot size : 3 x 2 m

Spacing : 30 x 15 cm

Treatments:

a) FYM : 20 t / ha

b) Vermicompost : 5 t / ha

c) Neem cake : 2 t / ha

d) Press mud cake : 5 t/hae) FYM + Vermicompost + Neem cake (50% of ABC)

f) FYM + Neem cake

g) FYM + Vermicompost

h) Vermicompost + Neem cake

i) Recommended dose of fertilizer


a) Days to 50% flowering b) Days to maturity

c) Plant height d) Incidence of pests and diseases

e) Hundred seed weight f) Seed yield kg/ha.

g) Nutrient status of plants and soils

h) Guar gum content


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ON FARM RESEARCH ON COCONUT

BALLIPUTTUGA

KAVITI MANDALSRIKAKULAM DIST.


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MOISTURE CONSERVATION IN COCONUT GARDENS

Objectives : 1. To conserve soil moisture in tree

basins through mulching.

2. To evaluate efficacy of various

mulches


Treatments :

T1 : Mulching tree basins with coir dust @ 5Kg / palm.T2 : Mulching tree basins with paddy husk @ 5Kg / palm.

T3 : Mulching tree basins with coconut husk.

T4 : Mulching tree basins with coconut leaves or sugarcane trash

T5 : Control (No mulching)

Design : Observational

Replications : 3Experimental Size : 1 acre

Plot Size : 4 trees / treatment


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MOISTURE CONSERVATION IN COCONUT

GARDENS

S.No Particulars No of

leaves

palm /

year

No. of spadices

/pal m/

year

No of

nuts /

palm

year

Water

co

nte

nt

(ml)

Copra

weight

(g)

1. Soil dust 30.92 6.08 42.13 163.34 146.33

2. Paddy husk 29.33 6.19 35.22 168.17 159.90

3. Coconut husk 30.67 6.56 45.37 215.56 164.01

4. Coconut leaves 29.25 6.14 42.13 175.62 151.83

5. Control 28.83 5.48 38.45 132.31 128.02

6. Mean 29.80 6.09 40.66 171.20 150.01

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INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN COCONUT

Objectives : To determine the effect of various integrated

nutrient management treatments on growth,

yield and quality of coconut.Techniques to be adopted :

Treatments :

T1: - Application of FYM@10 kg/palm/year

T2 :- Application of neem cake @5 kg/palm/year

T3:- Application of coir compost @ 25kg/palm/yearT4:- Application of vermi compost @10kg/palm/year

T5:- In situ green Manu ring @ 5 kg/palm/year

T6: Control (Recommended dose of NPK)


Replication : 4Experimental Area : 1.5 acre



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INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT ORGANIC MANURES On COCONUT

S.No. Particulars No. of leaves

palm /

year

No. of

spadicus /

palm /

year

No. of nuts /

palm /

year

Water

cont

ent

(ml)

Copra

weig

ht

(g)`

1. FYM 30.13 6.12 40.31 159.12 156.45

2. Neem cake 30.06 6.03 38.36 160.32 161.39

3. Coir compost 31.00 6.54 40.39 172.57 156.38

4. Vermicompost 30.00 6.13 45.52 161.05 155.43

5. Insitu

greenmanu

ring

30.44 6.05 40.36 159.12 162.13

6. Control 30.00 6.02 38.13 158.01 157.48

7 Mean 30.27 6.16 40.98 166.7 158.76

-


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MANAGEMENT OF RED PALM WEEVIL IN COCONUT

Objectives : To evaluate various management methods for the

management of red palm weevil in coconut.


Treatments :

T1 : Application of monocrotophos (1g per litre of water)

through root feedingT2 : Use of pheromone traps

T3 : Control


Experimental Size: acre

Replications : 6Plot Size : 1 tree / treatment


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MANAGEMENT OF RED PALM WEEVIL

S.No. Particulars Larvalpopulation

before

treatment

Larvalpopulation

after

treatment

Adult beetlescatched

1. Monocrotophos root

feeding

11.58 1.25

2. Pheromone traps - - 16.54

3. Control 9.83 9.91

4. Mean 10.71 5.58 16.54


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MANAGEMENT OF COCONUT ERIOPHID MITE

Objective : To determine the efficacy of various chemicals on

the incidence of Eriophyid mite in coconut.Techniques to be adopted :

Treatments :

T1 : Spraying of wettable sulphur 80% wp @ 6g/L of water at

quarterly intervals.

T2 : Root feeding of monocrotophos @ 1g per litre of water

T3 : Spraying 2% Garlic + Neem 2%

T4 : Control


Replications : 3Experiment Area : acre



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MANAGEMENT OF ERIOPHYID MITE

S.No

.

Particulars No. of

buttons

dropped

palm /

month

Total No. of

nuts

harveste

d / palm

Infested Nuts /

palm

1. Wettable sulphur 6.98 25.25 22.23

2. Monocrotophos 6.38 26.75 21.67

3. 2 % Garlic + 2%

neem

8.23 22.50 21.92

4. Control 9.13 24.33 23.335 Mean 7.68 24.71 22.29

MANAGEMENT OF BASAL STEM ROT DISEASE IN COCONUT


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MANAGEMENT OF BASAL STEM ROT DISEASE IN COCONUT

Objective : Management Package to basal stem rot

disease in coconut.


Treatments :

T1 : Talc formulation ofTrichoderma viride 50g+5kg neem

cake / palm / year in basins.

T2: Soil drenching with 1% Bordeaux mixture @ 40 L/PalmT3 : Root feeding with calixin 6ml in 25 ml water

T4: Untreated control.

Design : Observation trial.

Replications : 4 palms / replication

Experimental Area : 0.3 ac

Plot Size : 0.3 ac


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MANAGEMENT OF BASAL STEM ROT DISEASE IN

COCONUT

S.No. Particulars Average height of

lesion from

base

1. Trichoderma viride + Neem cake 35.69

2. Soil drenching with Bordeaux mixture 42.73

3. Calixin root feeding 29.95

4. Control 66.89

5 Mean 43.81


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EVALUATION OF INTERCROPS IN COCONUT UNDER RAINFED

CONDITIONS.

Objectives : To evaluate different inter crops under rainfed

conditions.


Treatments S.No. Crops Spacing

1. Tapioca 90cm X 90 cm

2. Coccinia 2m X 1.5m

3. Bottle gourd 3m X 0.9m

4. Ridge gourd 2.5m X 0.9m

5. Long pepper 60cm X 60cm6. Guar 45cm X 15cm

b. Design : Observational trial

THIS TRIAL WILL BE DISCONTINUED


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SURVEY OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF COCONUT

GARDENS IN SRIKAKULAM DISTRICT.

Objectives : To assess the nutritional status of coconut gardens

in Srikakulam District.

Techniques to be adopted : Soil samples from 0-30, 30-60, 60-90 cms and

l test leaf samples will be collected

Design : Observational trial

Results achieved so far : Soil samples and Leaf samples from 23

Coconut gardens were collected and are

to be analyzed for nutrient status

Soil samples will be analysed on the spot by using soil sample kit developed

guar-results and trials

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