growth management framework

Growth Management Framework

May 2011 Andrew Guerin (MWH)

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Table of Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Legislation Requirements 5 3. Existing KCDC District Plan Provisions 6

3.1 Kapiti Coast District Plan 6 3.2 Wellington Proposed Regional Policy Statement 2009 10 3.3 Wellington Regional Strategy 2007 11 3.4 Development Management Strategy 12

4. Proposed new and/or amended Objectives and Policies 14 5. Proposed new Objectives, Policies and Rules 16 6. Related Rules and Standard Concepts 23 Appendix 1 Council Examples 24 Appendix 2 Notes for Urban Growth Management/Rural Residential 46

Plan Change

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1. Introduction

Growth management is a set of techniques used by Council to ensure that as the population grows that there are services available to meet their demands. Other demands such as the provision of open spaces, sufficient and affordable housing, and delivery of public infrastructure/services, protection of places of natural, cultural and heritage value, and sufficient places for business are also considered.

Zoning is most commonly used to manage the effects of urbanisation, allowing the same number of people to live and work in a smaller area, allowing services to be delivered more efficiently. For example, dairies and pizza delivery businesses can service only a limited area. If more customers are located within their service delivery area, the cost of delivering their services is decreased. The same also applies to the provision of water and waste water services.

Preventing urban and rural-residential sprawl also has the effect of providing open spaces so that people who wish to live in a rural setting can do so without urbanisation threatening their lifestyle.

Another technique is the imposition of impact fees. Impact fees are imposed to charge the owners of newly developed properties for the "impact" the new development will have on the community. Fees can be used for such things as transportation improvements, new parks, and provision of reticulated services. Impact fees are not used to maintain existing facilities, but instead are used to create new facilities in proportion to the number of new developments in the area.

The application of growth management techniques are often governed by the development of a comprehensive plan. The plan can be used to measure the impact that new growth will have on the community and define the method by which that impact is mitigated. For the Kapiti Coast District this is the Development Management Strategy. At a local community level, structure plans are often used to manage urban development to provide great places in which to live, work and play.

“A structure plan is a framework to guide the development or redevelopment of a particular area by defining the future development and land use patterns, areas of open space, the layout and nature of infrastructure (including transportation links), and other key features for managing the effects of development.

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Structure plans comprise one or more maps, plans or diagrammatic representations of the proposed layout, features, character and links for areas being developed or redeveloped (see Long Bay structure plan extract example). The maps or plans do not typically go into such detail as to define individual lot boundaries or the physical from of buildings and structures. The maps, plans or representations are usually supported by text explaining the background to the issues which initiated the structure plan and the management approaches to be used to deal with those issues.

Features that may be represented in, and managed through, a structure plan, include:

the type and location of land uses that will be permitted, including development type, density and staging

multi-modal transport links and connectivity the location, type, scale and staging of infrastructure required to service an

area, including stormwater, water and sewerage landscape character and amenity natural hazards the provision of community facilities and reserves the protection of sites, features or values (cultural, ecological, historical or

amenity related) areas of contamination and the rehabilitation standards required”

(reference Quality Planning website).

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http://www.qualityplanning.org.nz/plan-topics/structure-planning/long-bay-structure-plan.php

2. Legislative requirements RMA - part II Section 5 Purpose

(1) The purpose of this Act is to promote the sustainable management of natural and physical resources. (2) In this Act, sustainable management means managing the use, development, and protection of natural and physical resources in a way, or at a rate, which enables people and communities to provide for their social, economic, and cultural well-being and for their health and safety while—

o (a) sustaining the potential of natural and physical resources (excluding minerals) to meet the reasonably foreseeable needs of future generations; and

o (b) safeguarding the life-supporting capacity of air, water, soil, and ecosystems; and

o (c) avoiding, remedying, or mitigating any adverse effects of activities on the environment.

Section 7 Other matters

In achieving the purpose of this Act, all persons exercising functions and powers under it, in relation to managing the use, development, and protection of natural and physical resources, shall have particular regard to—

(b) the efficient use and development of natural and physical resources: (ba) the efficiency of the end use of energy: (c) the maintenance and enhancement of amenity values: (f) maintenance and enhancement of the quality of the environment:

Section 31 Functions of territorial authorities under this Act

(1) Every territorial authority shall have the following functions for the purpose of giving effect to this Act in its district:

(a) the establishment, implementation, and review of objectives, policies, and methods to achieve integrated management of the effects of the use, development, or protection of land and associated natural and physical resources of the district

Local Government Act – development contributions

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The Local Government Act 2002 (LGA) allows councils to require development contributions from developers to assist in funding community facilities if the effect of their developments requires the councils to provide new or upgraded infrastructure.

3. Existing District Plan Provisions Note: audit of most relevant policies and objectives (not for inclusion in public documents)

3.1 Kapiti Coast District Plan Existing Objective Policy Assessment (Keep /Amend /

Strengthen/Remove) Year operative

C.1 Residential Zone C.1. OBJECTIVE 1.0 – GENERAL Ensure that the low density, quiet character of the district’s residential environments is maintained and that adverse effects on the amenity values that constitute this character and make the residential environments safe, pleasant and healthy places for residents are avoided, remedied or mitigated.

1999

Objective 3.0-Medium Density Housing Allow for medium density housing at appropriate locations throughout the district in a way that is consistent with the maintenance of the character and amenity values of the Kapiti Coast.

Policy 1: Ensure the suitable and compatible location, height, density, scale, and bulk of Medium Density Housing relative to their context, adjacent land uses as well as streets and reserves by providing for Medium Density Housing in areas identified on the District Plan Paraparaumu Urban Maps. Policy 4: Ensure that Medium Density Housing developments maintain the amenity values and character of existing environments by assessing applications against the extent to which they are compatible with their adjacent development and do Ensure that Medium Density n the amenity values and character of existing environments by assessing applications against the extent to which they are compatible with their adjacent development and do not dominate or otherwise sit incongruously in their built environment, including materials and finishing.

Modify to policy 1 include Waikanae town centre Retain other policies and Objective 3.

2007

C.2 Rural Zone POLICY 7A – TOURIST ACTIVITY PRECINCT

Identify and provide for the comprehensive development of the Tourist Activity Precinct for education, entertainment, tourist and leisure related activities where adverse effects, in particular, effects arising from building design and

Retain 2006

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Existing Objective Policy Assessment (Keep /Amend / Year Strengthen/Remove) operative

location, traffic, flooding, and signage on the rural environment are avoided, remedied or mitigated. POLICY 7B Ensure that developments in the Tourist Activity Precinct form part of an integrated concept plan that is sensitive to the rural and natural character of this unique high profile entrance to Paraparaumu, through the use of landscaping and high quality site and building design.

C.7 Subdivision and Development C.7.1 Residential Subdivision OBJECTIVE 1.0 – DENSITY Ensure that except for higher density development at appropriate locations, subdivision and development maintains and enhances the low density environmental character and associated amenity values of residential areas and avoids or minimises adverse impacts on the natural and physical environment

POLICY 1 - LOW DENSITY CHARACTER Maintain and enhance the low density of dwellings and associated amenity values of the residential environment (except where high density development is appropriate). POLICY 2 - WAIKANAE GARDEN AREA PRECINCT

Avoid or minimise the adverse effects of infill subdivision and development on the character of the ‘garden area’ of Waikanae.

Retain 1999

POLICY 3 - INFILL DEVELOPMENT AREA Provide for a higher density of development within one kilometre of the edge of the Commercial/Retail Zones in Central Paraparaumu.

Amend to more accurately define walkable catchment.

1999

POLICY 4 - INFILL MANAGEMENT: GENERAL (i) Allow higher densities where the design and quality of proposed buildings and site development will maintain or enhance the environment. (ii) When considering applications for resource consent for infill Subdivision or Development at a higher density than the controlled activity standards in the Residential Zone, Council will take into account the following:

Non-complying activity status for subdivision below 350/300m²

unless given effect through a land use consent for Medium Density Housing

The building materials, landscaping and/or design of the proposed dwellings which shall be of a very high standard

Retain 1999

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The development is compatible with the local neighbourhood character and amenity

Whether removal of native vegetation is required The location and design of the access where such development

is located particularly along significant arterial routes and State Highway 1.

Whether adequate measures are being taken to handle any increased runoff and potential contamination to freshwater and coastal values resulting from the subdivision and development.

POLICY 5 – FERNDALE AREA CHARACTER AND DENSITY

Avoid or minimise the adverse effects of development and subdivision on the character of Waikanae North and the Ferndale Area. Applications within the Ferndale Area will be assessed for consistency with the Ferndale Area Structure Plan.

Retain 2007

C.7 Subdivision and Development C.7.2 Rural Subdivision and Development OBJECTIVE 1.0 GENERAL Ensure that subdivision and consequent development maintains and enhances the environmental character and associated amenity values of rural areas, life supporting capacity of resources to meet the needs of future generations and avoids, remedies or mitigates adverse effects on the natural and physical environment, particularly, the coastal environment

Policies 1-6a Modify – strengthen protective provisions for class I, II soils. For hill country include requirement for structure plans and future plan changes as a prerequisite to allowing further intensification beyond very low density provisions.

POLICY 6(b) Waikanae North Eco-Hamlet Area (as shown on the Districtwide and Urban Maps 06-07 and Rural Subdivision Maps 03 & 06) Ensure that low-impact rural subdivision (eco-hamlets) and development within the Eco-Hamlet Area is managed through structure plans which shall be developed and implemented through further plan changes. The plan changes shall include provisions that incorporate the following development

Retain 2010

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principles: i-xix

POLICY 7(a) Waikanae North Low Impact Urban and Eco-Hamlet Areas Restrict subdivision within future Low Impact Urban Area south of the Urban Edge and within the Eco-Hamlet Area north of the Urban Edge to boundary adjustments to ensure that the land can be comprehensively developed into low impact urban and rural densities at some future stage via structure plans and rezoning process. POLICY 7(b) Waikanae North Low Impact Urban Area (as shown on the Districtwide and Urban Plan Zone Maps 06-07 and 09) Ensure that low-impact urban development and subdivision within the Low Impact Urban Area is managed through structure plans which shall be developed and implemented through further plan changes. The plan changes shall include provisions which incorporate the following development principles: I-XX

Retain 2010

POLICY 7(c) Ensure that the comprehensive development and servicing (including roads) of areas suitable for residential expansion (Rural Subdivision Maps 1 & 2) are not jeopardised by the effects of sporadic subdivision within these areas into inappropriately located and sized lots.

Amend to strengthen and link into other policies to prevent land split up except via a structure plan/plan change.

POLICY 15 Ensure that rural subdivisions adjoining State Highway 1 avoid, remedy or mitigate any adverse effects on the safe and efficient operation of the Highway.

Amend to include reference to old SH1

POLICY 19 Provide for subdivision and development of the Tourist Activity Precinct that caters for tourism and leisure related activities, while ensuring that the Precinct maintains a basically tourist, leisure and rural orientated environment and does not develop as an industrial estate or retail centre. Adverse effects on natural and rural character and amenity, effects resulting from traffic and parking, signage and flooding should be avoided, remedied or mitigated. POLICY 20 Ensure that precinct concept plans are approved for each of the Tourist Activity Precinct Areas (A-D) are approved prior to any subdivision or development occurring on these sites. When considering applications for subdivision and development within these areas these shall be consistent with the approved concept plan.

Retain? Need to consider whether to make it more restrictive for urban development or to enable it given the proximity to urban and reduction in traffic and associated issues.

Policy 21 Retain

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To provide for anticipated demand for rural lifestyle lots within the ‘Peka Peka north rural-residential development area’ by allowing subdivision and activities providing the subdivision is consistent with the structure plan for that area.

PRINCIPAL REASONS Waikanae North Urban Edge, Low-Impact Urban Area, Eco-Hamlet Area And Land Adjacent To Otaki

Add reference to other areas that maybe subject to development pressures and private plan changes

C.20 Management of Urban Densities OBJECTIVE 1.0-RESIDENTIAL INTENSIFICATION Ensure that residential densities are managed to support centres, public transport viability and minimise adverse effects on the character and amenity of valued low density urban environments while minimising any adverse effects on the natural environment in particular freshwater and coastal values

Introduction text

Retain objective Modify introductory text to include reference to other areas if included

C.21 Waikanae North Development Zone and C.22 Ngarara Zone Retain 3.2 Wellington Proposed Regional Policy Statement 2009 Existing Objective Existing Policy Comment Objective 21 A compact, well designed and sustainable regional form that has an integrated, safe and responsive transport network and:; (d) urban development in existing urban areas, or when beyond urban areas, development that reinforces the region’s existing urban form; (e) strategically planned rural development;

Policy 54: Maintaining a compact, well designed and sustainable regional form

There is some provision in DP about compact centres refer C.20. There is a lot of focus on low density development with some medium density housing in limited areas.

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(f) a range of housing (including affordable housing); (g) integrated public open spaces; (h) integrated land use and transportation;

3.3 Wellington Regional Strategy 2007 Investment in good regional form WRS Action Comment Sustainable Development Principles General: efficient use of resources build resilience into systems respect for tangata whenua values Sustainable Urban Form: urban areas should be well structured and

designed delivers good access to services and facilities respects local sense of place and identity maintains and protects natural systems natural areas should interweave with built

areas must be able to cope with change Sustainable Transport: land and transport uses should be integrated equitable access for all system can cope with change environmentally sustainable

Refer below

Intensification

Councils identify intensification overlay District Plans provide for targeted intensification and infill housing

management

There is some provision in DP about compact centres refer C.20. There is a lot of focus on low density development with some medium density housing in limited areas.

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Investment in good regional form WRS Action Comment Rural Residential Development Threats of rural residential development include: taking quality soils out of rural production threatening sensitive ecosystems significant landscapes making orderly extension of urban areas and

services more difficult with land fragmentation

develop regional information base develop principles to guide identification and release of sustainable

rural residential development opportunities develop regional tools to facilitate and guide rural residential

development

Some guidance provided in C.7.2 Rural Subdivision on where rural residential subdivision can occur

3.4 Kapiti Coast: Choosing futures Development Management Strategy Existing Policy Existing District Plan Provisions Comment Policy 2.3(a) New urban development will not occur along the remaining undeveloped coastal edge, associated back dunes and inter-dune wetland areas, except on land currently zoned as residential. The nature and density of new rural lifestyle development will be managed in a way that:

Protects and maintains natural systems and landforms; Ensures cumulative impacts of such settlement does not cross a threshold

such that the natural character is lost and the primary character becomes one of a very low density built environment.

Not in District Plan.

Provisions in DP aim to ensure that subdivision does not adversely affect the coastal environment and that houses are not visible from the beach. No provisions which specifically restrict new urban development along these areas, rules allow for development in the coastal dunes policy area. While zoning does control urban development, there is minimal provision to restrict applications for private plan changes to expand the townships in coastal areas..

Policy 2.3(c) Intensification of current urban residential, commercial and industrial activities along the coastal edge within the existing urban areas will only be possible at Paraparaumu Beach within specified areas.

Refer to Medium Density Housing provisions and the ability to build apartments above existing retail.

Policy 2.4 (a) Urban development will occur within a broad ‘consolidation framework’ consisting of:

Existing zoned residential, industrial, commercial and centres land; Specified future urban development areas shown on Map 9, provided that

these areas are developed under a structure plan approach, can ensure good access to services and an adherence to sustainable development/urban form principles;

The concept of an ‘urban edge’ at Waikanae, limiting urban type development north of that edge;

No further expansion of the coastal village areas of Peka Peka and Te

The following zones introduce and implement the Waikanae North urban edge concept and requirement for a structure plan approach to Greenfield development: C.7.2 Rural Subdivision and Development policies 7 (a and b) C.21 WNDZ and 22 Ngarara zone

Needs more detail in a new urban growth framework policy section to provide definitive policy framework on limiting expansion of urban areas.

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Existing Policy Existing District Plan Provisions Comment Horo Beach, subject to some flexibility of the 2006 residential zone boundaries to provide for a suitable urban/rural interface, provided that there is environmental or community benefit as a result and it is at a scale or form that does not create or facilitate expectations of the coastal village and does not force change to existing infrastructure arrangements.

Policy 2.4(c) Future development in Otaki will be managed in a way that: Consolidates such development primarily within existing residential,

commercial and industrial zoned land; Makes effective use of existing infrastructure capacity and does not

demand unnecessary geographic extension of that infrastructure; Supports community aspirations around improvement to existing centres

and for local employment; Avoid unnecessary loss of productive soils around the township; Protects values character, including low density residential areas, Otaki

Beach and cultural heritage; Is staged to fit with local stormwater capacity upgrades.

Refer plan change 77 which limits infill more than 5mins walk from town centres.

Most productive soils are prone to flooding with many not subdividable. However further emphasis on providing a restrictive framework to discourage conversion from rural to urban has merit.

Policy 2.5(a) Sustainable development will be managed within rural areas of the district in a way that protects and maintains the life supporting and productive capacity of those lands. Provision for the maintenance of the productive capacity of the high quality soils, for landscape and rural lifestyle activities and opportunities will occur within this framework.

Refer C.7.2 Rural Subdivision and Development policies 1, 2, 3, 6a, and 8.

Further emphasis on providing a restrictive framework to discourage conversion from rural to urban has merit.

Policy 2.6(f) Subdivision development, including design of roads, will be managed in a way that maximises implementation of the cycleways, walkways and bridleways indicative network.

Addressed in Waikanae North provisions and in a general sense with C.18 Transport, policy 7 and 9

Policy 3.1(a) The Kapiti Coast urban area consists of a series of unique communities along the coast, each with their own character but linked by a common lifestyle focused on beaches, natural areas and enjoyment of low-key living. The distinctiveness and commonality is acknowledged as a framework guiding development management within the urban areas.

Add provisions in urban growth framework

Policy 3.5(a) The existing configuration of industrial land will be retained across the district as a first principle. The approach to each area will be as follows:…

Waikanae – explore the potential for an extended area of industrial land with the community, to support the centre and local employment;

Otaki – continue to explore with the community, the potential for: - increased manufacturing businesses; - a business park concept, provided that there is available land for more traditional ‘dirty’ businesses and service; - Some extension of the industrial land area, provided that there is a high level of amenity and access for the community to the river.

PC81? No further changes recommended

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4. Proposed new and/or amended (to address gaps) objectives/policies Note: To become proposed when policies from above are added. Additions underlined and deletions strikethrough. Proposed Objective Policy Rule/std concepts Reason /need C.1 Residential Zone

Policy 1: Ensure the suitable and compatible location, height, density, scale, and bulk of Medium Density Housing relative to their context, adjacent land uses as well as streets and reserves by providing for Medium Density Housing in areas identified on the District Plan Waikanae and Paraparaumu Urban Maps. C.20 Also amend introduction to include reference to Waikanae town centre

Add MDH area to Waikanae Urban Map

With the electrification of rail and new station at Waikanae, there is merit in enabling higher density development within close proximity to the town centre i.e. on farmland next to Railway line within 400m or 5 min walk to the new rail station.

C.7 Subdivision and Development C.7.1 Residential Subdivision POLICY 3 - INFILL DEVELOPMENT AREA

Provide for a higher density of development within walking distance one kilometre of the edge of the Commercial/Retail Zones in Central Paraparaumu. Also amend same reference in introduction to C.20 Management of Urban Densities

The area varies from 100-2000m in distance from C/R zone.

C.7 Subdivision and Development C.7.2 Rural Subdivision and Development Policies 1-6a Modify – strengthen protective provisions for class I, II soils. For hill country include requirement for

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Proposed Objective Policy Rule/std concepts Reason /need structure plans and future plan changes as a prerequisite to allowing further intensification beyond very low density provisions. Refer proposed new Eco-Hamlet Hill Country objective and policy

POLICY 7(c) Ensure that the comprehensive development and servicing (including roads) of areas suitable for residential expansion (Rural Subdivision Maps 1 & 2) are not jeopardised by the effects of sporadic subdivision within these areas into with inappropriately located and sized lots; and is not released for urban development until a structure plan rezoning process which provides for low impact urban development is provided..

Combined table to be developed for public version

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5. Proposed New Objectives, Policies and Rules Proposed Objective Proposed Policies Proposed Rule

concepts Reason /need

Residential zone Objective 1: Urban Growth Management Contain urban development within the existing urban limits/zones to ensure that urban development avoids, remedies, or mitigates adverse impacts on water, significant amenity values and other natural resources and versatile soils and makes use of existing physical infrastructure. The only exception is in areas identified on the District Plan maps as Future Low Impact Urban.

Policy: XYZ To ensure peripheral urban growth does not occur which promotes a dispersed and uncoordinated pattern of development. Policy xyz To encourage urban growth in areas where facilities and public infrastructure already exist and have the potential to accommodate additional demand. Policy xyz To encourage growth in areas and in a manner that ensures any adverse effects on public infrastructure including transportation and reticulated services, parks and reserves can be avoided or mitigated, and the costs of providing public infrastructure attributable to particular developments are met by the developer.

To manage urban growth in a way that delivers benefit to the community and not just being reactive to external growth pressures as articulated in the Community Outcomes in Kapiti Coast: Choosing Futures and the Development Management Plan (DMS. “Any growth in population and settlement must show or be shaped to bring clear local benefit through more local jobs, improved social services, avoidance of harm to the environment and contributions to its improvement. This is an active vision, not simply reliant on regulation.” (source: DMS)

Objective: Peripheral Urban Development Peripheral urban development is of a scale and character which is consistent with urban consolidation and is in close proximity to existing physical infrastructure.

Policy 1: Urban Limits In relation to requests for changes to the current urban limits, consideration will be given to the following: (i) The policy direction of urban containment and

consolidation is not compromised (ii) It can be demonstrated that there is insufficient capacity

in terms of vacant and appropriately zoned urban land to cater for anticipated urban growth.

(iii) It can be demonstrated that there is existing capacity to meet additional demand for public infrastructure including transportation and reticulated services, parks and reserves can be avoided or mitigated

(iv) Areas prone to natural hazards such as flooding or earthquake risk (including liquefaction) are avoided

(v) Any change to the urban limit boundary provides a clear differentiation between urban and rural areas including

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Proposed Objective Proposed Policies Proposed Rule Reason /need concepts

the use of water bodies and or visual catchment boundaries in order to reduce pressure for future urban expansion.

(vi) Areas of prime agricultural land are avoided (vi) A thorough Structure Plan process has been followed

which includes an integrated analysis of all of the above matters with spatial representation.

Policy 2: Raumati South/Otaki North Low Impact Urban Areas

(as shown on …maps…) Ensure that low-impact urban development and subdivision within the Low Impact Urban Areas is managed through structure plans which shall be developed and implemented through further plan changes. The plan changes shall include provisions which incorporate the following development principles:

(i) Landform dictates the shape and design of urban form

(ii) Urban design/built form is of a high quality and reflects local character with a mix of density and housing types.

(iii) Any development manages the quality and volume of stormwater runoff, maintains and enhances water bodies, their margins and catchments, in order to support the healthy functioning of aquatic eco-systems and natural areas

(iv) Development of blue and green corridors (waterways and native bush areas) is a feature of any future development of the area.

(v) Integration and protection of areas of historic heritage and environmental significance takes place

(vi) Any urban development provides for walkable communities with generous provision for walking, cycling and horse riding trails.

(vii) There are clustered village / hamlet developments within the undulating dune and peat areas

(viii) That roads and access ways provide linkages between current and future neighbourhoods (connectivity).

These should be developed as part of the structure plan process in association with the plan changes.

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(ix) Development achieves energy and transport efficiency and minimises potable water use, in the design of buildings, roads (including streetlights), stormwater systems and water supply, while ensuring public health is maintained

(x) Communities are more self sustaining e.g. by allowing the construction/operation of renewable energy infrastructure to service the local community.

(xi) Major physical infrastructure issues, for example water supply and transportation systems, are resolved before new land for development is released

(xii) Development integrates with adjoining land use activities and contributes to the wider community including provision of accessible, high quality, public open space: for example, through the provision of land appropriate for social infrastructure such as schools and other community facilities including access to public transport. The provision of ‘Affordable Housing’ is encouraged

(xiii) There is a high level of participation in community decision making within the Raumati South and Otaki North community

(xiv) There are local employment opportunities, appropriate to the needs and character of the surrounding community

(xiv) Buildings, roads and structures are sited so that they minimise disturbance to the existing landform and natural features, including general contours and prominent landforms, areas of native bush, wetlands, streams and their margins, to reduce the adverse effects of sedimentation

(xv) Development design recognises and provides for existing major network utilities safety and operational requirements. (Major network utility operators should be consulted to identify safety and operational requirements)

(xvi) Any development shall make appropriate provision for stormwater disposal, water supply and wastewater management systems for each site.

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(xvii) Buildings and site accesses are designed and built so that they are free from flooding. Design solutions shall, where possible, use soft engineering to be consistent with Kapiti Coast District Council Subdivision and Development Principles and Requirements

Rural zone Objective 1: Rural Residential Development Contain rural residential development within the existing areas identified in the District Plan Maps to ensure that such development avoids, remedies, or mitigates adverse impacts on water, visual amenity and open rural landscape values, other natural resources, versatile soils and to avoid the fragmentation of existing productive rural land through subdivision and associated rural residential development.

Objective: Eco-Hamlet Subdivision and Development Eco-Hamlet subdivision and development is enabled in areas where there is low rural productivity potential, where visual effects can be mitigated through design and where walking, cycling and horse riding pathways linking rural communities and public open spaces can be provided.

POLICY: Hill Country Eco-Hamlet Area (as shown on…maps ….) Ensure that low-impact rural subdivision (eco-hamlets) and development within the Hill Country Eco-Hamlet Area is managed through structure plans which shall be developed and implemented through further plan changes. The plan changes shall include provisions that incorporate the following development principles:

(i) Landform dictates the shape and design of eco-hamlets and associated buildings and minimises landform modification

These should be developed as part of the structure plan process in association with the plan changes.

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(ii) Buildings, roads and structures are sited so that they minimise disturbance to the existing landforms and natural features including general contours and prominent landforms, areas of native bush, streams and their margins, to reduce the adverse effects of sedimentation and to visually reduce the bulk of buildings particularly when viewed from the Coastal Dune environment and the Alluvial Plains.

(iii) Buildings are designed and oriented to maximise water and energy efficiency, while ensuring public health is maintained. The use of local renewable energy generation systems is strongly encouraged.

(iv) Communities are more self sustaining e.g. by allowing the construction/operation of renewable energy infrastructure to service the local community.

(v) Building design / built form reflects local character, including having cladding and colour schemes that are in harmony with the natural landscape and have low reflective qualities

(vi) Open space and rural character are protected and enhanced by maintaining an appropriate overall rural-type density and ratio of development intensity to open space. Consideration is also given to minimising light pollution

(vii) The potential for rural land to be utilised for a range of rural production activities is maintained through the retention of larger balance area lots

(viii) Efficient use is made of infrastructure and other services provided in conjunction with more concentrated rural living environments

(viii) Any development is designed to provide for a high degree of social and amenity value in the living environments, both within the site(s) and the wider neighbourhood/community. The provision of “Affordable Housing” is encouraged.

(ix) Any development is designed to create a sense of

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community and to provide a safe and accessible environment for pedestrians, cyclists and horse riders.

(x) Stormwater treatment and management systems are designed to integrate into the landscape to minimise storm-water runoff resulting from development and protect water quality, and any associated native ecosystems or habitats

(xi) Any development and subdivision ensures that individual lots are landscaped and planted that:

a. visually reduces the bulk of buildings particularly when viewed from the Coastal Dune environment and the Alluvial Plains;

b. integrates the building form into the landscape;

c. provides shade and windbreaks;

d. protects or maintains visual privacy;

e. limits the planting of hedges and shelter belts along property boundaries; and

f. will maintain, including overtime, sufficient separation distance between vegetation and transmission lines.

(xii) Any development maintains and enhances the ecological health of water bodies, retains and develops blue and green corridors (waterways and native bush areas) as a feature of any future development of the area

(xiii) Integration and protection of areas of historic heritage and environmental significance takes place

(xiv) Development provides for walkable communities with generous provision for walking, cycling and horse riding trails including non-motorised access along the foothills watercourses and open space areas and for all to link through to adjoining properties.

(xv) Any development minimises its Carbon Footprint

(xvi) Development provides for the management of domestic animals, (including cats and dogs) and pest plants and fish to prevent the degradation of environmentally sensitive areas, native flora and fauna.

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(xvii) New dwellings are designed to minimise fire risks, for example, by installing domestic sprinklers

(xviii) Buildings and site accesses are designed and built so that they are free from flooding. Design solutions shall, where possible, use soft engineering to be consistent with Kapiti Coast District Council Subdivision and Development Principles and Requirements

(xix) Adverse effects on the transmission lines are avoided, remedied or mitigated including through the design and layout of the subdivision and development and the nature and extent of earthworks.

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6. Related Rules and Standards Concepts CATEGORY Objective

/ Policy ref Rules Standards Related Definitions

Reasons for the change (summary of reasons)

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Appendix 1: Council Examples Waimakariri District Council – District Plan Objective Policy Rules Standards Assessment

Policy 18.1.1.1 Growth and development proposals should provide an assessment of how: - the use, development, or protection of natural and physical resources affected by the proposal will be managed in a sustainable and integrated way; and - the adverse effects on those resources and the existing community will be avoided, remedied, or mitigated. In particular, proposals should not be inconsistent with other objectives and policies in the District Plan, and show how and the extent to which they will: a. protect areas of significant indigenous vegetation and habitats of indigenous fauna including vegetation and habitat sites listed in Appendix 25.1; b. protect the outstanding landscape area as defined in the District Plan Maps; c. avoid or mitigate natural hazards including: - flooding as defined in the District Plan Maps, - flooding from the Waimakariri or Ashley/Rakahuri Rivers, - seismic conditions including the potential for liquefaction and amplification effects, - damage from the sea, including erosion, storm and tsunami, and - land instability; d. protect the life supporting capacity of soils; e. maintain and enhance the environmental characteristics of adjoining zones, and the environment of the zone within which the proposal is located, as set out in Policies 14.1.1.2, 14.1.1.3, 15.1.1.1, 16.1.1.1 and 17.1.1.2; f. retain the rural environment between Residential 4A and 4B Zones, between the Rangiora, Kaiapoi, Woodend, Pegasus and Oxford urban areas, and other Residential 3 Zones; and between Kaiapoi and the Christchurch City boundary; g. provide access to and along rivers, open spaces and reserves; h. maintain and enhance the form and function of the District’s towns; i. avoid or mitigate significant adverse effects on the form and function of the Business 1 Zones including its role as a dominant community focal point within the four main towns; j. avoid or mitigate the effects of noise within the outer control boundary (55dBA Ldn noise contour) of Christchurch International Airport noise contours as defined in Map 138; k. provide infrastructure for services and roading in a manner consistent with this District Plan; l. ensure the efficient and effective integration of any new infrastructure into the existing network, or ensure the efficient and effective ongoing working of a stand-alone system; m. avoid or mitigate potential adverse effects from sites and facilities using, storing, and/or disposing of hazardous substances; n. protect groundwater quality and quantity; o. protect surface water quality and quantity; p. protect wahi taonga; q. avoid adverse effects on heritage sites and protect those sites listed in Appendix 28.1; r. avoid adverse effects on significant plants and protect those notable plants listed in Appendix 29.1; s. avoid adverse effects on the Business 3 Zone; t. provide for efficiency in energy use; u. enable local communities to be more self-sustaining; v. affect the demand for transport; w. provide choice in transport mode, particularly modes with low adverse environmental effects; and x. avoid or mitigate for adverse impacts on the habitat of trout and salmon.

Policy 18.1.1.3 Any proposal for extensions to existing zones, or for new zones, should recognise the nature, scale and intensity of effects arising from existing activities adjoining or near to the site of the plan change and show how the proposal will avoid, remedy or mitigate any adverse effects on the environment arising from those existing activities.

Rule 32.1.1.16 Subdivision within certain areas identified on the planning maps shall generally comply with the outline development plan for that area.

Policy 18.1.1.4 , 18.1.1.6, 18.1.1.8 Limit Kaiapoi urban area to within its southern and south western boundaries existing at 20 June 1998. Policies 18.1.1.6, 18.1.1.8, 18.1.1.9 and 18.1.1.10 are similar in that they limit settlements to within existing areas.

Objective 18.1.1 Sustainable management of natural and physical resources that recognises and provides for: a. changes in the environment of an area as a result of land use development and subdivision; b. changes in the resource management expectations the community holds for the area; and c. the actual and potential effects of subdivision, use and development.

Policy 18.1.1.5 Avoid urban subdivision and development within the area adjacent to Kaiapoi shown on District Plan Maps 59, 68, 69, 104, 105, 106 and 107. Policy 18.1.1.7 is similar in that it aims to avoid urban subdivision and development within

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particular areas. Policy 18.1.1.11 Provide for the development of a new town at Pegasus based on the following principles: a. The subdivision and development of Pegasus shall reflect and enhance the land’s natural characteristics and topography, natural vegetation, cultural heritage values, rural setting, and views (both to and from the site). b. The design, layout and development of Pegasus shall be sensitive to the site’s topography, particularly the pattern of dunes and inter-dune hollows. c. The design, layout and development of Pegasus shall provide and enhance the visual and ecological connections between the wetland areas and the open space areas adjoining and within the residential areas. d. The extent to which the development within the town is visible from the coastal environment, the surrounding roads and neighbouring settlements, shall be limited by retaining open space buffer areas and, as far as practical, the existing screening by way of sand dunes and vegetation. e. The residential areas shall meet the diverse needs of the community, with a wide choice in housing, residential allotment size, and associated community and commercial activities. f. The creation of attractive streets and open space areas. g. A safe pattern of public open space areas that allows for public surveillance of public open spaces and contributes to the legibility and character of neighbourhoods. h. Attractive streetscapes which reinforce the functions of streets and enhance the amenity values of neighbourhoods. i. Buildings are constructed to reduce energy demand within the building; and residential allotments are large enough and appropriately oriented to enable buildings and outdoor living spaces to take advantage of solar energy. j. The potential for adverse effects from air pollution in the town is reduced by discouraging the use of those fuels and methods of home heating which are most likely to result in high levels of air pollution. k. The development of an integrated residential community of sufficient size to support a range of commercial and community activities and facilities, as well as a high standard of reticulated water supply, sewage treatment and disposal and stormwater management services. l. Development of the town as a compact, cohesive urban community, which remains contained within its rural environment. m. Retention of a separation of rural open space between Pegasus and its neighbouring urban areas and settlements. n. Higher density residential development locating where the scale and intensity of the development is compatible with the natural and amenity values of the surrounding locality, such as in the vicinity of the town centre. o. The development of a convenient and attractive commercial and community centre for the town, which provides the social and business focus for the town. p. At least one conveniently and safely located, attractive and spacious primary school located within the town, in order to provide for the children of the growing community and, if necessary, for some of the children of the surrounding area. q. The establishment of a wide range of non-residential activities throughout the town, including employment and business opportunities, in order to encourage residents to work within the town, provided that such activities will not detract from the residential character and the amenity values and quality of the residential areas. r. A sense of identity or “place” within the different residential neighbourhoods of the town, through such means as creating identifiable boundaries between neighbourhoods related to the natural characteristics of the site, and grouping of activities such as local shops, playgrounds and schools. s. The provision of generous areas of parks and open space throughout the town. t. Protection of the significant heritage values of the town, particularly along the western boundary of the site, through the setting aside of a buffer strip of open space along this boundary of the town. u. Provision of a buffer of open space and plantings along the southern boundary of the town, to protect the residents of the town from any adverse effects from the operation of the Woodend wastewater treatment and disposal system and to enhance the vegetation and birdlife values of this area of the town. v. Subdivision and development of the town results in the provision of a network of walkways and cycleways throughout the town, as follows: i. linking the town with the coastal environment, Pegasus Bay Walkway, and the beach; ii. providing some public access along the margins of lakes and wetlands; iii. linking the lakes and wetlands to the boundary of the site adjoining Tutaepatu lagoon; iv. linking the residential neighbourhoods of the town with Gladstone Park; and v. providing an historical walkway linkage along the western boundary of the town to Kaiapoi Pa. w. Pleasant and convenient walking and cycling access between the different residential neighbourhoods of the town and the town centre, primary school(s) and the lake and associated parks. x. Neighbourhood reserves within close walking distance of most dwellings, in order to enhance the identity and amenity values of each neighbourhood by acting as local focal points and as locations for local recreational and community activities. y. The continued use and development of Gladstone Park as the major location and focus for adult

Rule 32.1.1.38 Outline Development Plan Every subdivision of land in the Residential 6, 6A and Business 1 Zones at Pegasus and the Pegasus Rural Zone shall conform generally to District Plan Map 142, in particular: a. no allotments shall be subdivided for residential purposes outside of the areas shown on District Plan Map 142 as “Residential Areas” or “Town Centre”; Rule 31.5.1 The erection of any dwellinghouse in the Pegasus Rural Zone is a non-complying activity.

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organised sports in the north-eastern part of the District. z. The layout and development of the town enables access to the coastal environment and its recreational opportunities. aa. The creation of public access to the coast, through the formation of a public road, car parking areas and walkways between the town and the coast.

Environment Canterbury – Proposed Plan Change 1 (Development of greater Christchurch) Objective Policy Methods Assessment

Policy 1 – Urban limits Except as provided for in Policy 12 and in Chapter 12, Policy 8 (Papakainga Housing), urban activities within Greater Christchurch shall only occur within the Urban Limits delineated on Map 1.

1. Territorial authorities within their district plans shall provide for the urban growth of Greater Christchurch within the urban limits shown on Map 1 and shall include provisions to prevent urban activities locating outside the Urban Limits except as provided for in Policies 12 and 15. 2. The Canterbury Regional Council will initiate changes to the RPS, if appropriate, in accordance with Policy 15. 3. The Canterbury Regional Council, in conjunction with the territorial authorities within Greater Christchurch, shall monitor the development capacity (including vacant land and redevelopment opportunities) within the Urban Limits.

Objective 1 – urban consolidation Urban Development in Greater Christchurch shall be managed to achieve consolidation of existing urban areas and to avoid unsustainable expansion outside existing urban areas in order to achieve: - Higher density living environments, particularly in inner Christchurch, in and around key activity centres, and in new greenfields subdivision areas - Reinforcement of the role of the Christchurch Central Business District within the Greater Christchurch sub-region - Greenfields development on the periphery of Christchurch City, and surrounding towns at a rate which enables the efficient provision and use of network infrastructure - Initiatives by the Christchurch City Council to promote intensification within Christchurch City - A move towards sustainable and self-sufficient growth of the towns of Rangiora, Kaiapoi, Woodend, Lincoln, Rolleston and Prebbleton - Growth in rural-residential households restricted to no more than 5% of the growth of residential households

Policy 2 – Intensification (a) An increasing proportion of the residential growth of Greater Christchurch should take place through intensification by redevelopment of areas identified on Map 1. There shall be a change over time to greater rates of intensification particularly in Christchurch City than has occurred in the past. Between 2007 and 2041 the ratio of intensification to greenfields development is intended to change from approximately 25:75 to 60:40; (b) Intensification will take place in areas already identified for higher density forms of living in Christchurch City, and in areas to be identified through district plans to achieve the household numbers identified in Policy 6. Intensification should be encouraged in and close to the Key Activity Centres identified in Policy 5 and suitable industrial “brownfields” sites. (c) Territorial authorities shall encourage intensification by selecting particular areas for enhancement of amenities to provide an attractive environment for higher density living. (d) Christchurch City Council will recognise and provide for central city intensification which underpins and supports the role of the Central Business District within the Greater Christchurch sub-region. (e) Christchurch City Council will in identifying areas for intensification recognise and provide for the protection of heritage values and areas of special amenity.

1. Territorial authorities within their district plans shall identify areas suitable for urban intensification within the Urban Limits so as to provide for the households in Table 1 of Policy 6. 2. Territorial authorities should give consideration to appropriate administrative and financial arrangements to enable and encourage intensification to occur. 3. The Christchurch City Council will continue to promote and support high-density residential redevelopment within the central city. 4. The Christchurch City Council will investigate methods for promoting intensification including the selection of areas for specific Council initiatives. The Council will develop Urban Intensification Plans for all such selected areas. 5. Territorial authorities will research, and implement as appropriate, methods for promoting development and enhancement of Key Activity Centres. 6. The Canterbury Regional Council, in conjunction with the territorial authorities within Greater Christchurch, shall monitor the development capacity (including vacant land and redevelopment opportunities) within the Urban Limits

Policy 4 – existing towns Rangiora, Kaiapoi, Woodend, Lincoln, Prebbleton and Rolleston will expand to accommodate urban growth that: - Provides for healthy, vibrant living environments, - Encourages self-sufficiency in employment, commercial community and recreational activities, and - Enables efficient and economic provision of network infrastructure.

1. The Selwyn and Waimakariri District Councils will identify, through their district plans, Structure Plans, and District Development Strategies areas for the growth of the district towns of Greater Christchurch. 2. Territorial authorities should give consideration to appropriate administrative and financial arrangements to enable and encourage development to occur. 3. Provision and alignment of infrastructure and community facilities through the appropriate processes and mechanisms

Objective 3 Provide for and manage urban growth while protecting: - the natural and physical environment from adverse effects of overloading existing strategic infrastructure, - the quantity and quality of water in groundwater aquifers and surface water bodies, - outstanding natural features and landscapes including those within the Port Hills and Banks Peninsula within Greater Christchurch, from degradation through inappropriate development, - indigenous biodiversity from loss or degradation, - The character and amenity of rural areas and settlements from adverse effects of change, - People and property from unacceptable risk from natural hazards.

Policy 8 – Outline development plans and changes of zoning in district plans Development of urban activities within the greenfields areas defined in Map 1 shall occur in accordance with an Outline Development Plan. This Plan shall be prepared when it is proposed to amend the district plan and be included in the district plan to provide for urban activities (Greenfields land). Outline Development Plans shall: (a) Be prepared as a single plan for the whole area or in accordance with a comprehensive plan such as a District Development Strategy, an Area Plan or a Structure Plan, which includes the whole of the relevant Greenfield Area identified in Map 1, (b) Be prepared in accordance with the matters set out in Policy 7 (Development Form and Design), (c) show proposed land uses, including: (i) principal through roads, connection and integration with the surrounding road network and trunk infrastructure, (ii) any land to be set aside for community facilities or schools, (iii) parks and land required for recreation, (iv) any land to be set aside for business activities, (v) the distribution of different residential densities, (vi) land required for stormwater treatment, retention and drainage paths, (vii) land reserved or otherwise set aside from development for environmental or landscape protection, (viii) land reserved or otherwise set aside from development for any other reason, and the reasons for its protection from development, and (ix) pedestrian walkways, cycleways, bus routes both within and adjoining the area to be

1. Territorial authorities shall ensure that Outline Development Plans are prepared for each Greenfield Development Area for inclusion in the district plans 2. Territorial authorities shall ensure financial provision is made for infrastructure required to be provided for each Greenfield Development Area

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Environment Canterbury – Proposed Plan Change 1 (Development of greater Christchurch) developed. (d) Demonstrate how Policy 11 (residential density) will be met for residential areas within the area that is subject of the Outline Development Plan, (e) Identify significant cultural, natural and historic or heritage features and values and show how they are to be protected, (f) Document the infrastructure required, when it will be required and how it will be funded, (g) Set out the staging and co-ordination of subdivision and development between landowners, (h) Demonstrate how effective provision is made for a range of transport options and changing between transport modes, including – pedestrian, cycling, passenger transport, freight, private motor vehicles, (i) Demonstrate how adverse effects from nearby existing or designated (including requirements for designations) strategic infrastructure as identified in Objective 8 will be avoided or appropriately mitigated, (j) Show how other potential adverse effects on the environment, including the protection and enhancement of surface and groundwater quality, are to be avoided, remedied or mitigated, (k) Include any other information which is relevant to an understanding of the development and its proposed zoning. Policy 11 – Residential density Residential subdivision and development shall achieve the following minimum net densities, over the Outline Development Plan areas for individual Greenfield and Intensification Areas, as shown on Map 1: (a) 10 lots or household units per hectare in Greenfields Areas in Selwyn and Waimakariri District; (b) 15 lots or household units per hectare in Greenfields Areas in Christchurch City; (c) 50 lots or household units per hectare in Intensification Areas located within the central business district of Christchurch; (d) 30 lots or household units per hectare in Intensification Areas located outside the central business district of Christchurch; except where this would have a significant adverse effect on Listed Heritage Buildings, Listed Heritage Areas or Tree Protection Orders, or significant open space, landscape or coastal values

1. Territorial authorities shall implement through their district plans the above specified densities. 2. Territorial authorities shall ensure financial provision is made for infrastructure required to be provided for each Greenfield Development Area. 3. The Canterbury Regional Council, in conjunction with the territorial authorities within Greater Christchurch, shall monitor the development capacity (including vacant land and redevelopment opportunities) within the Urban Limits.

Policy 12 – Resolution of urban limits During the process of completing district plan changes and Outline Development Plans, and in situations where proposed urban activities are contiguous with but to a limited extent are outside of defined Urban Limits shown on Map 1, then territorial authorities may include additional lands outside the Urban Limits provided all the following conditions are met: (a) Proposed extension will not increase the area of the Outline Development Plan area by more than 5 %, and (b) Economies of scale for infrastructure would arise, and (c) All other provisions of Policy 8 are met.

1. Territorial authorities in their district plans shall provide for development once urban limits issues have been resolved 2. Territorial authorities will ensure that Outline Development Plans are prepared for each Greenfield Development Area for inclusion in the district plans

Policy 14 – Greenfield development Development of Greenfields Areas within the Urban Limits prior to the Outline Development Plan and District Plan change process set out in Policy 8 shall proceed in a way that does not compromise the minimum net densities of Policy 11.

Territorial authorities shall complete district plan changes or variations to district plans in accordance with Policy 8. 1. Territorial authorities will ensure that Outline Development Plans are prepared for each Greenfield Development Area for inclusion in district plans. 2. Territorial authorities shall ensure through administration of district plans that land within the Urban Limits is not fragmented in a way that jeopardises the future urbanisation of the area. 3. Territorial authorities administering District Plans so as to recognise the future urban use of land within the Urban Limits and to avoid large lot subdivision and uses which would have negative effects on future urban uses.

Policy 15 – Process for altering growth and sequencing The Canterbury Regional Council, following relevant territorial authority input, shall initiate a reconsideration of the extent, location and timing of land for development as provided for under Policies 1 and 6 if any of the following situations occur: (a) There is a difference of 10% or more between the projected household growth in Table 1, Policy 6 (a) and the estimated annual change in households by Statistics New Zealand over three consecutive years; or (b) Insufficient land exists or development activity occurs at a faster rate than anticipated by the Greater Christchurch Urban Development Strategy (April 2007) within the Urban Limits shown on Map 1 to provide for the household growth anticipated by the Greater Christchurch Urban Development Strategy (April 2007) to occur over the following ten years; or (c) It has been demonstrated that altered circumstances have arisen either in one or more parts of Greater Christchurch, in relation to the anticipated timing of provision of sub–regional infrastructure, and a reconsideration of the extent, location and timing of land for development under Policies 1 and 6 is necessary to achieve the objectives and policies of this chapter. (d) Changes to the growth management assumptions outlined in section 3.6 of the Greater Christchurch Urban Development Strategy (2007). In reconsidering the extent, location and timing of land for development any alteration to the Urban Limits, Greenfields, Intensification Areas, or provision for new business land shall give effect to the following:

1. The amended growth and sequencing pattern shall be given effect through the provisions of any relevant regional plan, changes to the Regional Policy Statement, district plans, the Regional Land Transport Strategy, LTCCPs and any relevant strategic planning process 2. Territorial authorities through their district plans shall provide sufficient zoned and serviced land in the sequence contained in Tables 1 and 2 of Policy 6 3. Territorial authorities shall make appropriate administrative and financial arrangements to enable the development and sequencing in Tables 1 and 2 of Policy 6. 4. The Canterbury Regional Council, in conjunction with the territorial authorities within Greater Christchurch, shall monitor the development capacity (including vacant land and redevelopment opportunities) within the Urban Limits.

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Environment Canterbury – Proposed Plan Change 1 (Development of greater Christchurch) - infrastructure is either in place or able to be economically and efficiently provided to support the urban activity, especially that arising from sporadic development with low density urban characteristics, - provision is made for safe, convenient and sustainable access to community, social and commercial facilities, - sufficient land is included to provide efficiently and effectively for the residential and business needs to 2041 - the operation of Christchurch International Airport and the Port of Lyttelton are not affected and the health and well- being of people is not compromised by aircraft or port noise. - urban land use, including industrial and commercial activities, does not increase the risk of contamination of drinking water sources, including the groundwater recharge zone for Christchurch’s drinking water - urban development does not lie between the primary and secondary stopbanks south of the Waimakariri River which are designed to retain floodwaters in the event of flood breakout, - the landscape character of the Port Hills is protected - sufficient rural land is retained to maintain the open space landscape character either between or surrounding the areas of urban activity within Greater Christchurch, and - the operational capacity of the West Melton Rifle Range and Burnham Military Camp, both operated by the Ministry of Defence, are not compromised.

Christchurch City Council – District Plan Objective Policy Rule Standard Assessment Urban Growth Objective Urban development patterns that promote sustainable resource management

Policy 6.1.1: population densities To provide for a gradual increase in overall population density within the urban area through: (a) Providing for higher densities near the central city and consolidation focal points; and (b) Enabling new peripheral development where it is consistent with a consolidated urban form; and (c) Promoting opportunities for higher building densities in larger areas of peripheral urban housing growth.

Objective 6.1 Urban consolidation – To promote urban growth with a primary emphasis on consolidation.

Policy 6.1.2 redevelopment and infill To promote development of vacant land, and redevelopment and more intensive use of the urban area as a whole, in a manner consistent with maintaining and improving the character and amenity values of neighbourhoods, and the quality of the built environment.

Policy 6.2.1 To promote the central city as the principal focus for commercial, administration, employment, cultural and tourism activities.

Policy 6.2.2 To encourage a continuing distribution of compact suburban centres that provide for the needs of the City and its communities in a manner that minimises adverse effects on the transport network and the amenities of living environments.

Objective 6.2 Patterns of land use that promote and reinforce a close proximity and good accessibility between living, business and other employment areas.

Policy 6.2.3 To promote industrial activities within the existing urban area, through development of vacant land and reuse of existing vacant premises, whilst ensuring that such activities requiring a rural location are of a scale compatible with the dominant rural character.

Policy 6.3.1 To ensure peripheral urban growth does not occur in a form detached from current urban boundaries, or which promotes a dispersed and uncoordinated pattern of development.

Policy 6.3.2 To encourage growth in areas (and in a manner), that ensures that any adverse effects on the roading network can be avoided or mitigated, and the costs of providing public infrastructure are minimised; and that costs attributable to particular developments are met by the developer.

Policy 6.3.3 To encourage growth in areas where facilities already exist and have the potential to accommodate additional demand.

Policy 6.3.4 When considering the sustainability of urban expansion into rural areas, it shall be assessed in accordance with Policy 2.1.1.

Policy 6.3.8 To have regard to the presence of any incompatible activities in the rural area in assessing urban growth proposals.

Policy 6.3.9 To promote a range of incremental extensions to the urban area distributed over a number of peripheral locations, rather than a major extension in any one area.

Objective 6.3 Peripheral urban growth – peripheral urban development of a scale and character consistent with a primary emphasis on urban consolidation; which avoids, remedies or mitigates adverse impacts on water, versatile soil, significant amenity values and other natural resources; and which make use of physical infrastructure.

Policy 6.2.10

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Christchurch City Council – District Plan To prefer peripheral development which is contained, at least in part, by a well defined barrier to further outward extension for urban development. Policy 6.3.11 To provide for the establishment of serviced low density rural-residential (lifestyle) housing, particularly where normal residential densities would be inappropriate, but managed and contained in both extent and location, and in a manner consistent with other policies.

Policy 6.3.12 To reinforce the consolidation of the urban area by: (a) improving the landscape quality of the rural-urban interface; (b) establishing a transition of low density housing, open space or esplanade reserves, adjacent to the urban boundary, particularly where no clear physical boundary to urban growth exists; and (c) encouraging the planting of suitably located trees on the urban-rural interface, to create a high standard of amenity, and to better define and improve the quality of the urban edge of the City.

Policy 6.3.14 In limited circumstances, to apply the concept of "environmental compensation" where: (a) land of high landscape or natural value is protected or made available for public use and/or: (b) significant public benefit will be gained from hazard mitigation measures which would substantially enhance amenity values.

Policy 6.3.16 To investigate and assess future growth options for the city’s long term development.

Nelson City Council – Nelson Resource Management Plan Objective Policy Rule Standard Assessment

Policy DO15.1.1 Encouragement of infill To encourage infill developments provided the adverse effects on character and amenity values of existing areas are avoided, remedied or mitigated.

Objective DO15.1 An urban form in which intensive development is not detached from existing urban boundaries and which avoids or mitigates adverse effects on ecological, recreational, cultural, community and amenity values.

Policy DO15.1.2 Limiting effects of urban expansion Proposals that involve urban expansion through more intensive subdivision and development should address any actual and potential adverse effects on adjacent and nearby activities and avoid, remedy or mitigate them.

Policy IC1.7 Compactness/consolidation – city centre Infill development and consolidation within the City Centre will be encouraged, to provide an environment that is easily walked from one extent to the other.

Tauranga City Council – Proposed Tauranga City Plan Objective Policy Rule Standard Assessment

Policy 12.1.1.1.2 By requiring a target density of 15 dwellings per hectare for identified stages of subdivision of the greenfield development areas identified on the Urban Growth Plans included in the Plan Maps

12.5.1.1.2 Development intensity and scale in urban growth areas In the urban growth areas the minimum average yield for residential activities in the residential zone shall be 15 independent dwelling units per hectare of net developable area

Objective 12.1.1.1 City form and efficient subdivision

Policy 12.1.1.1.3 – Yield shortfalls in urban growth areas By avoiding yield shortfalls of greater than 10% .

12.5.2.1.1 Yield shortfalls in urban growth areas An assessment shall be provided with an application for resource consent which confirms: a) The topographical, geotechnical and land form constraints of the subject site that make it unreasonable to achieve the yields required in Tables 12.5A – D; b) That any target density shortfall is no more than 10% of the proposed yield; or the current and preceding stages/subdivisions cumulatively have a shortfall of less than 5% of the nett yield; c) The density target shortfalls can be accommodated in subsequent stages/subdivisions; d) How higher yields will be able to achieve high-quality urban design sought through Rule 12.5.1.2 – Controlled Activities – Matters of Control and Conditions; e) In particular for Pyes Pa West: i) The options and opportunities for a variety of lot sizes, including opportunities for higher-density

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Tauranga City Council – Proposed Tauranga City Plan development within the Pyes Pa Medium-Rise Policy Area and comprehensive development within the Suburban Residential Zone; ii) iii) Submission of a master plan showing indicative development and the balance of the stage and subsequent stages showing the likely total yield to be achieved.

Objective 12.8.1.1 Sustainable management of rural land resource Subdivision of rural land protects the productive potential of this finite land resource and maintains rural landscape character.

Policy 12.8.1.1.1 Sustainable management of the rural and resource By avoiding the fragmentation, or likelihood of further fragmentation, of existing productive rural land through subdivision, which would adversely affect the potential of the land to be used predominantly for a range of rural production activities.

Objective 12.8.1.2 Interim Subdivision of Land in Identified Growth Areas Subdivision of land identified in the Regional Policy Statement as being required for a growth area recognises its rural use and preserves all practicable options relating to its efficient and orderly development for future urban purposes.

Policy 12.8.1.2.1 Interim subdivision of land in identified growth areas By ensuring that subdivision of land identified in the Regional Policy Statement as a future growth area is not fragmented by subdivision other than that connected with or which will support rural production activities or other activities provided for in the Rural Zone. Policy 12.8.1.2.2 and 12.8.1.2.3 are similar in that land does not become fragmented in certain areas.

Policy 14.2.1.1.2 Urban Form and Consolidation By ensuring that the development of new urban growth areas is undertaken in a co-ordinated and comprehensive manner that incorporates a variety of forms, including both low density and medium density residential development. Where medium density development is proposed it is to be undertaken in a comprehensive manner. Overall an average nett yield of at least 15 dwellings per hectare is required in a greenfield development area.

Policy 14.2.1.1.4 Urban form and consolidation By ensuring that residential intensification is undertaken in a comprehensively planned manner that has regard to: a) The identification of these areas through dedicated zoning that addresses the cumulative environmental effects of higher density residential development; b) The integration of higher density development with efficient movement of people within the transport network; c) Direction of higher residential densities towards nodes of greater activity, (including employment and recreation), and areas of amenity that offset the reduction in open space and recreation opportunities from that found in lower density suburban residential environments; d) Provides an average nett yield of at least 20 dwellings per hectare within any identified Intensification Area.

Objective 14.2.1.1 – urban form and sustainable management of the residential land resource Residential greenfield, infill development and intensification provide for an integrated, liveable and sustainable community, incorporates high quality urban design outcomes, maintains and enhances landscape character and amenity, and provides a variety of forms of low, medium and high density residential development that: a) Occurs in an orderly, efficient and integrated manner; b) Minimises any adverse environmental effects of development on water and soil quality, land stability, amenity, landscape character and the transport network.

Policy 14.11.1.3.1 Density of development in the City Living Zone By encouraging comprehensive redevelopment of sites primarily for medium density residential activity by ensuring that: a) Residential densities promote site redevelopment opportunities to accommodate medium density housing and mixed use activity; b) A site density bonus may be used when a larger site area is assembled through amalgamation and a comprehensively designed development approach is applied; c) The greatest independent dwelling unit density shall be provided for sites on Cameron Road and Brown Street opposite Tauranga and Wharepai Domains by way of additional building height. Lower densities will arise from development of other sites in other parts of the zone by way of a lower permitted height; d) Mixed use development can provide specifically for health centres and offices only within ground level floorspace, with residential activity above; e) Effects on local infrastructure shall be mitigated by works, services or development contributions.

Objective 16.2.1.2 Interim use and management of urban growth areas Managing rural land identified in the Bay of Plenty Regional Policy Statement as being required for a growth area in a manner which: a) Retains its interim potential to be used for a range of primary production activities; b) Preserves all options relating to its efficient and orderly development for urban purposes into the future.

Policy 16.2.1.2.1 By ensuring that all land identified in the Bay of Plenty Regional Policy Statement as a future growth area: a) Remains as a rural land resource available for primary production and that rural character and amenity is retained in the interim until urban development occurs; b) Is not fragmented through subdivision or the establishment of intensive residential, commercial or industrial activities that are unconnected with rural production, and that may constrain or compromise future urban development options; c) Is not released for urban development until a comprehensive rezoning and structure plan process which provides a sustainable framework including; i) How identified landscape, cultural and ecological values will be refined in relation to urban development; ii) Efficient use and development of infrastructure and financial resources; in a manner consistent with the provisions of the Bay of Plenty Regional Policy Statement has been completed and the outcomes adopted into the Plan.

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Tauranga City Council – Proposed Tauranga City Plan Policy 16.2.1.2.2 and 16.2.1.2.3 similar in ensuring that identified urban growth areas are not fragmented.

Western Bay of Plenty – Proposed District Plan Objective Policy Rules Standard Assessment Objective 14.2.1 Future urban zone Conservation of the potential of the rural land resource with productive potential and versatility to be used for primary productive purposes until such time as it is needed for urban development.

Policy 14.2.2 Development of rural land should not have a significant adverse effect on the land’s productive potential until such time as it is needed for urban development. Any development proposals should not lead to fragmentation of existing titles to levels which could compromise future urban development.

Policy 16.2.2 (2) Fragmentation of the highly or moderately versatile rural land resource for purposes not directly related to maintaining or enhancing the primary productive potential of the rural land resource should be avoided or minimised.

Policy 16.2.2 (7) Provide for the amalgamation of large rural lots for productive purposes through the provision of incentives.

16.4.2 Transferable amalgamation lots To qualify for a Transferable Amalgamation Lot the lots being amalgamated must: 1. Exist as at 7 February 2009 or have subdivision consent as at 7 February 2009. 2. Qualify for the erection of a dwelling in accordance with the performance standards of the Plan. 3. The final amalgamated lot contains no more than one dwelling. 4. A Memorandum of Encumbrance will be required to be registered against the title of the amalgamated lot so as to prevent further re-subdivision.

Policy 16.2.2 (8) Encourage the amalgamation of titles in areas with deficient infrastructure services and remote from employment areas through the provision of incentives.

Policy 16.2.2 (17) Subdivision, use and development of rural land identified in the Bay of Plenty Regional Policy Statement as being required for future urban development in a manner which limits the options for the future use of such land for urban purposes should be avoided or minimised. Particular forms of development which should be avoided include: (a) Fragmentation of rural land through subdivision unrelated to primary productive use; (b) The establishment of capital intensive rural or quasi urban land uses.

Policy 16.2.2 (18) The release of land for urban development will be staged in a manner which ensures the continued availability of rural land for productive rural purposes and the retention of rural character until urban development occurs.

Objective 16.2.1 Maintenance and enhancement of the ability of the highly or moderately versatile rural land resource to be used for primary productive purposes.

Policy 16.2.2(19) Rural land will not be proposed to be rezoned for urban development until a comprehensive structure plan which provides a framework for such development in a manner consistent with the provisions of the Bay of Plenty Regional Policy Statement has been prepared and forms part of the proposed change to the District Plan.

Waitakere District Council – District Plan Objective Policy Rule Standard Assessment

Policy 0.2 The priority areas for urban intensification should be within and around the Henderson and New Lynn Community Environments and the Massey North/Westgate Special Areas. Urban intensification is required to ensure efficient use of that land resource including provision for business (including retail), high density residential and mixed use development, and other employment activity which is appropriate to town centre character and the ability to be serviced by transport networks and other infrastructure.

Rule 4.1 Subdivision of Greenfield sites in the living environment where the subdivision is of existing sites either over 1ha in net site area or creating 10 or more new lots is a limited discretionary activity.

Objective 0 To manage growth in such a way that will ensure the City develops and redevelops to achieve a sustainable compact urban form in a manner that appropriately manages adverse cumulative effects and reverse sensitivity issues. Growth should be focused in and around town centres and transport high density corridors, well integrated, with high amenity values and providing appropriately for additional population, employment, community and business services, by managing the location, density, scale, form, character, timing and sequencing of urban and rural growth. In order to achieve sustainable urban consolidation, urban growth and

Policy 0.3 Opportunities for intensive residential and mixed use development in town centres other than New Lynn, Henderson and Massey North/Westgate, and also around town centres and on high density corridors should be provided for and encouraged.

Rule 5.1 Subdivision in the working or community environment is a controlled activity subject to conditions.

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Waitakere District Council – District Plan Policy 0.9 Peripheral urban growth should be restricted to the following areas as depicted in Policy Map Z: • Babich, Hobsonville Airbase, Hobsonville Centre Village, and Westgate/Massey North until 2011; and • Penihana, and Hobsonville Corridor between 2011 and 2021.

Policy 0.10 Ad hoc employment/business growth in appropriate environments shall be avoided. The supply of, and demand for, employment land within the Metropolitan Urban Limits should be continuously monitored so that sufficient land remains available to accommodate the City’s employment growth and business needs. If necessary, further plan changes should be initiated at any time as necessary to provide for employment/business land needs. Activities should not compromise the ability of Working Environment, Community Environment and employment special areas to provide employment opportunities within Waitakere City.

Rule 3.1 Infill subdivision is a controlled activity in living zones (except living 4 zone) subject to conditions.

3.1 Subdivision of sites either up to 1 ha in net site area or up to 9 new sites created with practical legal vehicle access from a road.

Policy 0.11 Apart from peripheral urban growth provided for in Policy 0.9, further intensive settlement within rural areas should not occur in order to accommodate population growth prior to 2021. Growth thresholds established by existing rural subdivision standards should be maintained in order to permanently protect the Waitakere Ranges and their foothills and the remaining rural area.

development should be directed to areas inside the Metropolitan Urban Limit and managed in a manner that protects significant environmental values.

Policy 0.12 Prior to operative urban zonings, peripheral urban growth areas should not be compromised by the location, nature, scale and extent of activities and by the subdivision of land. Significant new areas proposed for urban development, existing urban areas proposed for significant redevelopment or new rural areas proposed for further intensive settlement are to be provided through a structure/concept planning process.

North Shore City Council Objective Policy Rule Standard Assessment Objective 6.3.1 To manage the effects of urban growth in a manner which: - Maintains or enhances amenity values for the existing built-up area - Avoids harm to valued natural environments and habitats - Protects significant elements and features of the North Shore landscape - Encourages a reduction in the use of private motor vehicles and increased use of public transportation - Enables the efficient use of natural and physical resources - Enables social, economic and cultural well-being - Has regard to the need to ease traffic congestion, particularly on the Harbour Bridge in the peak direction - Preserves items or areas of significant heritage value • - Protects important coastal landscapes and features.

Policy 6.3.1. By enabling urban growth to occur through the consolidation of development in built-up areas and new development on the periphery, while establishing a long term boundary to development that separates the city from the Hibiscus Coast.

Objective 17.3.1 – future urban expansion To ensure that activities and development within the zones do not compromise future urban development or detract from the environmental, landscape, cultural or general amenity values associated with the area.

Policy 17.3.1 1. By limiting the range of permitted activities included in the zones. 2. By allowing some additional activities to be established provided that the activity: i) Will not compromise the logical and efficient development of the future urban area; ii) Will be compatible with future urban development having particular regard to factors such as appearance and generated effects; iii) Will not, in its establishment or operation, significantly detract from environmental landscape or amenity values; and iv) Is located where satisfactory effluent disposal can be provided. 3. By imposing building development controls which will maintain the spacious rural character, ensure that the natural environment rather than the built form is dominant, and protect neighbours’ privacy.

Objective 17.4.1 Urban expansion To enable the extension of the urban area to occur in a manner that responds to the environmental constraints and opportunities associated with the land and enables the efficient use of natural and physical resources.

Policy 17.4.1 1. By applying the zone to land which will accommodate residential growth on the periphery of the existing residential area during the period of the next two to 20 years as an intermediate stage prior to full urban zonings. 2. By not providing for subdivision until a Structure Plan has been completed for the land. 3. By utilising a structure planning process to achieve a comprehensive and environmentally responsive approach to development. 4. By the Council, or a developer in conjunction with the Council, preparing a Structure Plan formulated with detailed consultation with landowners, the public and interested or affected organisations which: a) Will provide a comprehensive framework for development recognising existing environmental, landscape, cultural and general amenity values. b) Will facilitate the development of convenient and safe neighbourhoods for future residents. c) Will facilitate the creation of residential neighbourhoods with distinct identities which are designed to meet residents’ requirements, particularly for attractive, convenient and safe neighbourhoods. d)

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North Shore City Council Recognises that development should reflect the capacity of the existing landform without the need for significant modification. 5. By the Council determining the boundaries of Structure Plans having regard to: a) The likely community of interest, topographic features, primary roading and open space network. b) Utility servicing considerations, notably water and sewerage. c) The likely timing for development completion. 6. By the Council, as part of the Structure Planning process, initiating discussions with agencies who are responsible for the provision of services and facilities such as schools, health services and public transport, to ensure that adequate provision is made for these activities. 7. By incorporating the essential components of the completed Structure Plan into the District Plan by a Change to the Plan. 8. By requiring that every Structure Plan comprises two parts, being: a) A Land Analysis Background Report which provides a comprehensive analysis of the land’s physical, environmental, cultural and landscape features. b) A Development Concept which directly relates to the findings of the Land Analysis Background Report. 9. By utilising the Structure Planning process to ensure that development within the Residential Expansion zone occurs either adjacent to existing communities or in units of sufficient size to create a community with associated services (minimum area, approximately 50 hectares).

Objective 17.4.2.1 To retain options for the future development of land which is strategically located adjacent to the Albany Centre and the Albany Village.

Policy 17.4.2.1 1. By applying an Albany Centre Expansion zone to the land which has been identified for future development in association with the Albany Centre and the Albany Village, in order to provide an intermediate stage prior to the preferred development option for this land being finalised. 2. By excluding subdivision from this zone.

Rule 17.6.1 Land zoned Albany Centre Expansion may be developed for urban purposes when the requirements and procedures in the following rules have been completed in respect of that land: a) An Urban Development Plan has been prepared and incorporated into the District Plan for either a part of or the whole of the zone. b) A rezoning of the land to an appropriate zoning has been undertaken.

Objective 17.4.2.2 To provide for an orderly and logical transition of this land to its final and most appropriate form of development as determined by the environmental characteristics of the land and the advantages of its location.

Policy 17.4.2.2 1. By requiring that an Urban Development Plan be prepared and approved for this land and that it provide for special types of activities which benefit from the good highway visibility and accessibility of the land and its proximity to the Albany Centre, Massey University and the North Shore Domain/Sports Stadium, prior to any rezoning of the land. 2. By using the preparation of an Urban Development Plan to ensure that comprehensive, environmentally responsive urban development is achieved. 3. By ensuring that any Urban Development Plan for the land in the northeastern quadrant of the Albany Centre: i) Gives effect to the Albany Centre Structure Plan and Design Requirements and associated objectives and policies. ii) Results in a roading network which will facilitate an efficient flow of traffic and in particular avoids any factors that would impede traffic flow to or from the Oteha Valley Road intersection with the Northern Motorway and ensures that major traffic generating activities are well served by the intended roading network.

Manukau City Council – Plan Change 12: Manukau’s growth Objective Policy Rule Standard Assessment

Policy 4.2.2 (1) Greenfield development for residential and mixed use purposes should be limited to the Flat Bush area in East Tamaki as identified in the planning maps of the district plan, and to any remaining undeveloped land with existing residential and/or business zoning. This policy does not apply to rural and coastal settlements which are outside the metropolitan urban limits.

Objective 4.2.1 (1) To contain urban activities and urban development generally within the metropolitan urban limits and the limits of rural and coastal settlements and appropriately manage urban activities located outside the metropolitan urban limits so that potential adverse effects arising from that location are avoided, remedied or mitigated.

Policy 4.2.2 (2) From time to time, changes to the metropolitan urban limits will be required. Requests for changes to the metropolitan urban limits will be made only where: (i) The policy direction of urban containment and intensification is not compromised. (ii) Regionally or locally significant or sensitive areas with significant environmental, cultural, landscape, ecological, heritage and amenity values are avoided or protected. (iii) It can be demonstrated that there is existing capacity to meet the additional demand for infrastructure and services, including utility services, roading and public transportation facilities and services, and community and health services, such as schools, libraries, public open spaces; or where additional services and facilities can be provided. (iv) Areas prone to the impact of natural hazards such as flooding or land instability and areas which if urbanised are likely to induce flooding or instability elsewhere, are avoided. (v) Any change to the metropolitan urban limits boundary provides a clear differentiation between urban and rural areas including through the use of water catchment boundaries and or visual

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Manukau City Council – Plan Change 12: Manukau’s growth catchment boundaries in order to reduce pressure for future urban expansion. (iv) Conflicts or incompatibilities between adjoining land uses are avoided. (vii) Areas of prime agricultural land are avoided unless the most efficient use of the land, and providing for social and economic wellbeing, determines otherwise. (viii) It can be demonstrated that there is insufficient capacity in terms of vacant and appropriately zoned land available within the metropolitan urban limits to cater for anticipated growth in the relevant market segment; where the extension is to meet locational or operational requirements of business activities to cater for anticipated growth; or where there are special reasons why the area is to be included in the metropolitan urban limits. Policy 4.2.2 (3) Urban intensification within existing urban areas should be directed to identified growth centres and be consistent with the following sequencing: (i) Phase 1 – 2005 – 2010 Manurewa, Manukau City Centre, Hunters Corner, Old Papatoetoe, Mangere Town centre, Pakuranga, Otara (ii) Phase 2 – post 2017 Highland Park, Botany, Middlemore/Favona, Homai, Te Mahia

Objective 4.2.1 (2) To integrate, land use, transport and infrastructure provisions to support a compact and contained urban form including mixed use.

Policy 4.2.2(4) (5) (6) (7) (8) & (9) New residential development within identified growth centres should provide for population densities that area supportive of public transport; a diverse range of businesses, residential activity, recreation, community activities and open public space in appropriate locations; should feature high quality, sustainable architecture, urban design and landscape design; should be coordinated with infrastructure upgrades including transport improvements.

Auckland City Council – Isthmus section of Auckland City Plan Objective Policy Rule Standard Assessment Objective 2.3.5 To manage urban growth and development in a manner that: a) supports compact town centres, passenger transport and business areas b) facilitates integrated transport management and a multi-modal transport network c) integrates land transport and land use provisions to support a quality, compact and contained urban form d) provides for higher density residential and business activity in and around specific town centres that have good access to passenger transport with a variety of housing, jobs, services, recreational, cultural, entertainment and other activities e) supports a high quality urban amenity, form and design around town centres, transport nodes and growth areas f)avoids conflicts or incompatibility between new land uses and both existing and future regionally significant infrastructure. •To enhance the visual amenity and urban identity and character of identified growth areas, by encouraging well designed buildings, lively streetscapes, safe and attractive public spaces, convenient pedestrian linkages and good access to transport facilities.

Objective 7.3.1 To provide opportunities for residential growth in Auckland by encouraging suitable intensification of housing in appropriate locations.

Policy 7.3.1 By selecting those residential areas which are suitable for further intensity and applying sufficiently liberal controls. By providing for a graded intensity in residential development potential across the Isthmus to permit variety in environment and lifestyle. By regulating the intensity of new residential development according to the availability of public utilities and services and to foster their efficient use. By providing for and encouraging facilities and services to enable higher intensity residential development in proximity to major public transport corridors, nodes and retail centres. By providing for residential redevelopment opportunities in former non-residential buildings and locations.

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Auckland City Council – Isthmus section of Auckland City Plan By providing opportunities for a more compact urban lifestyle within specified growth areas through the application of the Residential 8 zone.

Objective 7.6.8.2 To provide opportunities for a more compact lifestyle, in appropriate locations, while catering for future population growth within the Auckland Isthmus.

Policy 7.6.8.2 By promoting the development of higher density apartment, terraced housing and townhouse residential development within specified growth areas, through the application of the Residential 8 zone, in a manner which respects the surrounding built and natural environment and protects neighbouring sites from the adverse effects of development. By directing compact residential living to appropriate locations which will have sufficient infrastructure capacity to accommodate such growth and which avoid compromising significant natural, historic or cultural features. By promoting growth within locations which are within walking distance of major transport nodes, existing town centres zoned Business 2 and 3 and recreational opportunities.

Rodney District Council – District Plan 2000 Objective Policy Rule Standard Assessment

Policy 13.4.1 Sufficient land for projected future urban growth, for future residential activities and business activities, with an emphasis on high quality business park type environments, including business land, should be identified ahead of demand in specified locations where the effects of development have been identified and can be avoided, remedied or mitigated.

Objective 13.3.1 To ensure that sufficient land is available for future urban growth including future residential activity and future urban business activity.

Policy 13.4.3 Additional land for urban development should only be rezoned to Future Urban, or from Future Urban to, for example residential or business, when the adverse effects of development can be avoided, remedied, or mitigated, including addressing: • catchment management issues, • water supply, • sewerage treatment and disposal • transportation issues.

Objective 13.3.2 To ensure that urban growth occurs within metropolitan urban limits and in coastal and rural settlements on land that has been identified for urban growth.

Policy 13.4.4 Urban development should not occur in Future Urban Zones prior to rezoning.

Objective 13.3.3 To avoid, remedy or mitigate the adverse effects of urbanisation on natural and physical resources.

Policy 13.4.2 Future urban growth and development should be located, designed and implemented in ways which avoid, remedy or mitigate the adverse effects on the environment. In particular, effects on: (a) water and air quality and water quantity; (b) areas of significant vegetation; (c) significant landscapes; (d) significant heritage values; (e) the amenity values of adjoining areas and the amenity values within the urban areas; (f) the transport network, including roads, pedestrians, cyclists and public transport; (g) access to future open space and recreation needs; (h) utility services; (i) health and well being of the community; and (j) natural character, water quality and ecology of the coastal environment, particularly in areas identified as having high natural values and/or as being susceptible to degradation.

Objective 13.3.4 To ensure that urban development in new "greenfield" areas has a high level of amenity value.

Objective 13.3.5 To ensure that opportunities exist for key facilities that may be required by the population of developing urban areas, such as business areas and community facilities.

Policy 13.4.6 Urban development should take account of the need to create a better employment/resident balance and utilise public transport supportive urban design and land use planning.

Objective 13.3.6 To ensure that the development of future urban areas is not adversely affected by activities occurring prior to such development.

Policy 13.4.5 The sustainable development of land for urban purposes should not be adversely affected by the location of activities, and by subdivision of the land prior to urban development occurring.

Objective 13.3.7 To ensure that existing lawfully established activities in future urban areas, which have the potential to create adverse effects on more sensitive uses that encroach upon them as a result of urban expansion, are not adversely affected.

Policy 13.4.7 Urban development in close proximity to existing activities in future urban areas that have been lawfully established over time, should be located and designed to ensure that the amenity values of occupants of the new urban development are not adversely affected by the existing activities.

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Rodney District Council – District Plan 2000 Objective 13.8.1.1.1 To ensure that the future development of land in the Future Urban Zone is not adversely affected by activities occurring prior to such development.

Policy 13.8.1.2.1 Buildings, activities and subdivision in the Future Urban Zone should not adversely affect: (a) the future urban development of the land; (b) the transport network, existing or indicative roads and their connections, or future connections; including links with higher level roads in the hierarchy, the alignment of roads on neighbouring sites and the alignment of intersections; (c) indicative open space networks, including their continuity and connections with other parts of the open space network; (d) existing or future utility services. (e) the continued operation of existing activities in compliance with existing resource consents or use rights. (f) the downstream catchment and receiving environment by foreclosing future opportunities to manage stormwater in the most sustainable manner.

Objective 13.8.2.1.1 To protect the land (Orewa Future Business Zone) for future development for business activity.

Policy 13.8.2.2.1 Buildings should be designed and sited in a way which does not adversely affect the ability of the land to be used for business activity in the future.

Objective 13.8.2.1.2 To enable the continued use of the land for residential activities until such time as it is required for business activity.

Objective 13.8.2.1.3 To enable opportunities for the development of the land for business activity prior to its rezoning, in a way which does not have an adverse effect on the existing residents.

Auckland Regional Council – Regional Policy Statement Objective Policy

Policy 2.5.2 1. The use, development and protection of natural and physical resources in the Region is to be managed so that the Region’s growth is accommodated in a manner and in locations which are consistent with the Strategic Objectives and which promote the sustainable management of those resources. 3. Urban development is to be contained, within the metropolitan urban limits shown on Map Series 1 and the limits of rural and coastal settlements as defined so that: (i) expansion of urban activities outside the metropolitan urban limits as defined and shown in the RPS from time to time is not permitted; (ii) environmental values protected by the metropolitan urban limits and/or the limits of rural or coastal settlements are not adversely affected, and that the integrity of those limits is maintained; (iii) urban intensification at selected locations is provided for and encouraged. Selection of these places will take into account, amongst other things, any significant adverse effects which arise from the interaction with any regionally significant infrastructure and other significant physical resources; (iv) expansion of rural and coastal settlements outside the limits of existing urban zones and settlements (at the time of notification of the RPS or as shown or provided for in the RPS) is not permitted; (v) the identification and provision of areas for future urban growth are managed through an integrated process on a regional basis and are consistent with the Strategic Direction.

Objective 2.5.1 1. To ensure that provision is made to accommodate the Region’s growth in a manner which gives effect to the purposes and principles of the Resource Management Act, and is consistent with these Strategic objectives and with the provisions of this RPS.

Policy 2.6.1 1. The growth of metropolitan Auckland is to be managed with reference to a 30 year time horizon, in a manner which gives effect to the Purpose and Principles of the RM Act, is consistent with the Strategic Direction, and has regard to: (i) the rate of urban development occurring in, and forecast for, the whole Region and sectors of the Region; (ii) the capacity realistically available for further urban development, including (a) provision for metropolitan urban expansion (b) the potential for intensification within the urban area (c) the growth capacity, and contribution that may be made by rural and coastal settlements (iii) the need to recognise and provide for areas of significant natural and physical resources requiring protection from urban development in existing and future urban areas and rural areas; (iv) areas where provision should be made for future urban development, and priorities for, and sequencing of development; (v) an explicit evaluation (as required by Section 32 of the RM Act) of the costs and benefits of alternative forms of development to accommodate Auckland’s growth; (vi) the use of financial contributions as provided for in section 108 of the RM Act. 2. Urban development shall be contained within the defined limits (including the metropolitan urban limits and the limits of rural and coastal settlements – referred to in Strategic Policy 2.5.2- 3) shown in the RPS from time to time, and its form shall be planned and undertaken through an integrated process on a regional basis and in ways that are consistent with the Strategic Direction and: (i) provide for urban intensification around selected nodes and along selected transport corridors; (ii) provide for higher intensities of urban activities at selected locations within areas of new development; (iii) bring about patterns of activities that will mitigate the effects of increased travel and improve the energy efficiency and convenience of urban areas (refer to Chapter 4 – Policy 4.4.1-2, and Chapter 5 – Policy 5.4.1-3); (iv) enable the operation of existing regional infrastructure and the provision of necessary new or upgraded regional infrastructure which is operated and developed in a manner which ensures that any adverse effects of those activities on the environment are avoided, remedied or mitigated; (v) facilitate efficient provision of services (including utility services, transportation facilities or services, and community facilities and services, such as schools, libraries, public open spaces) through the utilisation or upgrading of existing facilities, or the provision of new ones; (vi) maintain and enhance amenity values within the existing urban area, and achieve high standards of amenity in areas of new development; (vii) do not give rise to conflicts between incompatible land uses; (viii)avoids, remedies, or mitigates adverse effects on the environment. 3. Countryside living (see Appendix D) may be provided for in rural areas to the extent that provision will: - give effect to Part II of the Act and

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Auckland Regional Council – Regional Policy Statement - be consistent with the Strategic Direction, and with the relevant provisions of Chapters 3 to 18 inclusive of this RPS and - take into account and make appropriate provision for the following matters: (i) The extent to which natural resources are protected and or enhanced; (ii) the avoidance of significant adverse effects (including cumulative adverse effects) on: (a) the environmental values protected by defined limits to metropolitan Auckland and defined limits of rural or coastal settlements (b) the safe and efficient operation of existing regional infrastructure (c) the necessary upgrading of existing regional infrastructure (d) the provision of new regional infrastructure (e) the rural character of the region. Where significant adverse effects cannot be avoided, they shall be mitigated or remedied. (iii) Avoiding prematurely foreclosing, or compromising options for accommodating the further growth and development of urban areas. (iv) The avoidance, remediation or mitigation of significant adverse effects on the regional roading network. (v) Avoidance of the creation of conflicts between quarrying (and similar activities dependent on locationally specific natural resources) and other incompatible activities. (vi) Avoidance of conflicts between incompatible activities. Where such conflicts cannot be avoided they shall be remedied or mitigated. (vii) Minimising the loss of versatility and productive potential of soil resources. Where it is necessary for the better achievement of the purposes of the RM Act to compromise the versatility and/or productivity of the soil resource, the greatest protection shall be given to the most versatile soils. Policy 2.6.4 – Rural Areas 1. The use, development and protection of natural and physical resources and the subdivision of land in the rural parts of the Region (except as provided by Policy 2.6.1-3) is to be managed in an integrated manner, that:… (ii) Avoiding prematurely foreclosing or compromising options for accommodating the further growth and development of urban areas.

Melbourne – State Planning Scheme (INCLUDED AT BEGINNING OF ALL VICTORIA SHIRE PLANNING SCHEMES) Objective Strategies Policy Guidelines Assessment Objective 11.02-01 – supply of urban land To ensure a sufficient supply of land is available for residential, commercial, retail, industrial, recreational, institutional and other community uses.

Ensure the ongoing provision of land and supporting infrastructure to support sustainable urban development. Ensure that sufficient land is available to meet forecast demand. Plan to accommodate projected population growth over at least a 15 year period and provide clear direction on locations where growth should occur. Residential land supply will be considered on a municipal basis, rather than a town-by-town basis. Planning for urban growth should consider: - Opportunities for the consolidation, redevelopment and intensification of existing urban areas. - Neighbourhood character and landscape considerations. - The limits of land capability and natural hazards and environmental quality. - Service limitations and the costs of providing infrastructure. Monitor development trends and land supply and demand for housing and industry. Maintain access to productive natural resources and an adequate supply of well-located land for energy generation, infrastructure and industry. Restrict low-density rural residential development that would compromise future development at higher densities.

Planning must consider as relevant: - Victorian Government population projections and land supply estimates. - Growing Victoria Together (Department of Premier and Cabinet, 2001). - A Vision for Victoria to 2010; Growing Victoria Together (Department of Premier and Cabinet, 2005). - Melbourne 2030 (Department of Sustainability and Environment, 2002). - Melbourne 2030: A planning update Melbourne @ 5 million (Department of Planning and Community Development, 2008). - Ready for Tomorrow – a Blueprint for Regional and Rural Victoria (State Government of Victoria, 2010)

Objective 11.02-02 - Planning for growth areas To locate urban growth close to transport corridors and services and provide efficient and effective infrastructure to create benefits for sustainability while protecting primary production, major sources of raw materials and valued environmental areas.

Concentrate urban expansion into growth areas that are served by high-capacity public transport. Implement the strategic directions within the Growth Area Framework Plans (Department of Sustainability and Environment 2006). Encourage average overall residential densities in the growth areas of a minimum of 15 dwellings per net developable hectare. Deliver timely and adequate provision of public transport and local and regional infrastructure, in line with a preferred sequence of land release. Provide for significant amounts of local employment opportunities and in some areas, provide large scale industrial or other more regional employment generators. Create a network of mixed-use activity centres and develop an urban form based on Neighbourhood Principles. Meet housing needs by providing a diversity of housing type and distribution. Retain unique characteristics of established areas incorporated into new communities to protect and manage natural resources and areas of heritage, cultural and environmental significance. Create well planned, easy to maintain and safe streets and neighbourhoods that reduce opportunities for crime, improve perceptions of safety and increase levels of community participation.

Planning must consider as relevant: - Melbourne 2030 (Department of Sustainability and Environment, 2002). - Melbourne 2030: A planning update Melbourne @ 5 million (Department of Planning and Community Development 2008). - The Victorian Transport Plan (Department of Transport, 2008). - Any relevant Growth Area Framework Plans (Department of Sustainability and Environment, 2006). - Precinct Structure Planning Guidelines (Growth Areas Authority, 2009). - Ministerial Direction No. 12 – Urban Growth Areas in the preparation and assessment of planning scheme amendments that provide for urban growth. - Ready for Tomorrow – a Blueprint for Regional and Rural Victoria (State Government of Victoria, 2010)

Objective 11.02-03 To facilitate the orderly development of urban areas.

Ensure effective planning and management of the land use and development of an area through the preparation of strategic plans, statutory plans, development and conservation plans, development contribution plans and other relevant plans. Undertake comprehensive planning for new areas as sustainable communities that offer high-quality, frequent and safe local and regional public transport and a range of local activities for living, working and recreation.

Planning must consider as relevant: - Any relevant Growth Area Framework Plans (Department of Sustainability and Environment, 2006). - Precinct Structure Planning Guidelines (Growth Areas Authority, 2009).

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Melbourne – State Planning Scheme (INCLUDED AT BEGINNING OF ALL VICTORIA SHIRE PLANNING SCHEMES) Facilitate the preparation of a hierarchy of structure plans or precinct structure plans that: - Take into account the strategic and physical context of the location. - Provide the broad planning framework for an area as well as the more detailed planning requirements for neighbourhoods and precincts, where appropriate. - Provide for the development of sustainable and liveable urban areas in an integrated manner. - Assist the development of walkable neighbourhoods. - Facilitate the logical and efficient provision of infrastructure and use of existing infrastructure and services. Develop Growth Area Framework Plans that will: - Identify the long term pattern of urban growth. - Identify the location of broad urban development types, for example activity centre, residential, employment, freight centres and mixed use employment. - Identify the boundaries of individual communities, landscape values and as appropriate the need for discrete urban breaks and how land uses in these breaks will be managed. - Identify transport networks and options for investigation, such as future railway lines and stations, freight activity centres, freeways and arterial roads. - Identify the location of open space to be retained for recreation and/or biodiversity protection and/or flood risk reduction purposes guided and directed by regional biodiversity conservation strategies. Show significant waterways as opportunities for creating linear trails, along with areas required to be retained for biodiversity protection and/or flood risk reduction purposes. - Identify appropriate uses for areas described as constrained, including quarry buffers. - Include objectives for each growth area. Develop precinct structure plans consistent with the Precinct Structure Planning Guidelines (Growth Areas Authority, 2009) approved by the Minister for Planning to: - Establish a sense of place and community. - Create greater housing choice, diversity and affordable places to live. - Create highly accessible and vibrant activity centres. - Provide for local employment and business activity. - Provide better transport choices. - Respond to climate change and increase environmental sustainability. - Deliver accessible, integrated and adaptable community infrastructure.

- Ministerial Direction No. 12 – Urban Growth Areas in the preparation and assessment of planning scheme amendments that provide for urban growth.

Objective 11.02-04 Sequencing of development To manage the sequence of development in growth areas so that services are available from early in the life of new communities.

Define preferred development sequences in growth areas to better coordinate infrastructure planning and funding. Ensure that new land is released in growth areas in a timely fashion to facilitate coordinated and cost-efficient provision of local and regional infrastructure. Require new development to make a financial contribution to the provision of infrastructure such as community facilities, public transport and roads. Improve the coordination and timing of the installation of services and infrastructure in new development areas. Support opportunities to co-locate facilities. Ensure that planning for water supply, sewerage and drainage works receives high priority in early planning for new developments.

Planning must consider as relevant: - Any relevant Growth Area Framework Plans (Department of Sustainability and Environment, 2006). - Precinct Structure Planning Guidelines (Growth Areas Authority, 2009). - Ministerial Direction No. 12 – Urban Growth Areas in the preparation and assessment of planning scheme amendments that provide for urban growth. - The Victorian Transport Plan (Department of Transport, 2008).

Objective 11.04-05 Melbournes urban growth To set clear limits to Metropolitan Melbourne’s urban development.

Define the extent of the urban area with an urban growth boundary to: - Manage outward expansion. - Facilitate achievement of a compact city. - Protect non-urban areas. - Ensure ready access to infrastructure in the key transport corridors. Define the non-urban area of Metropolitan Melbourne to be retained for rural and agricultural uses, natural resources, landscape, heritage, open space and conservation values. Contain urban development within the established urban growth boundary. Any change to the urban growth boundary must only occur to reflect the needs demonstrated in the designated growth areas. Protect the continued rural use of land within the urban growth boundary until conversion to urban use is required and the extension of urban services is approved as part of the sequencing of development. Determine the need for future changes to the urban growth boundary by an assessment against the following criteria: - The need to maintain an adequate and competitive land supply to meet future housing needs – including redevelopment and greenfields sites. - The consideration and analysis of: - Current population projections. - The development capacity of existing urban areas to accommodate projected growth. - Longer-term urban growth issues such as economic and employment opportunities. - Transport investment requirements.

Planning must consider as relevant: - Melbourne 2030 (Department of Sustainability and Environment, 2002). - Melbourne 2030: A planning update Melbourne @ 5 million (Department of Planning and Community Development, 2008). - The Victorian Transport Plan (Department of Transport, 2008). - The relevant Growth Area Framework Plans (Department of Sustainability and Environment, 2006).

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Melbourne – State Planning Scheme (INCLUDED AT BEGINNING OF ALL VICTORIA SHIRE PLANNING SCHEMES) Shift the focus of future growth from the south-east to the north and west by utilising the urban growth boundary as a tool to both contain and shape growth.

Objective 11.05-02 Melbourne’s Hinterland areas To manage growth in Melbourne’s hinterland, the area immediately beyond Metropolitan Melbourne and within 100 kilometres of the Melbourne’s Central Activities District.

Provide for development in selected discrete settlements within the hinterland of Metropolitan Melbourne having regard to complex ecosystems, landscapes, agricultural and recreational activities in the area. Maintain the attractiveness and amenity of hinterland towns. Prevent dispersed settlement. Site and design new development to minimise risk to life, property, the natural environment and community infrastructure from natural hazards such as bushfire and flooding. Manage the growth of settlements to ensure development is linked to the timely and viable provision of physical and social infrastructure and employment. Strengthen and enhance the character and identities of towns. Improve connections to regional and metropolitan transport services.

Planning must consider as relevant: - Ready for Tomorrow – a Blueprint for Regional and Rural Victoria (State Government of Victoria, 2010).

Melbourne – Whydham Planning Scheme Objective Strategies Actions Rules Assessment Objective 21.5-1 Managing urban growth The cost-effective and orderly management of urban growth, balancing the city and country aspects of the municipality.

Council’s strategies are to: - Provide for growth on a scale consistent with maintaining the containment, compactness, accessibility and affordability of the municipality’s key growth areas, namely: - Werribee West - Point Cook - Wyndham North. - Facilitate new development which is predicated on a demonstrated capacity to provide essential infrastructure for the incoming population. - Promote a diversity of housing choice in residential growth areas. - Provide for new development to occur in areas that are not isolated from the core urban area and which integrate well with existing communities and physical infrastructure. - Maintain an essentially non-urban separation between Werribee and Geelong to the west of the existing quarry sites. - Facilitate opportunities for increased employment in urban growth areas. - Promote the development of a distinctive gateway to the urban area of the municipality. - Develop efficient and convenient patterns of movement within and beyond the municipality. - Maintain land uses on the fringe that are compatible with future urban development. - Provide for urban development that does not adversely affect the water quality, flows, environmental values, landscape features and cultural heritage sites of rivers and watercourses, their waterway corridors and adjoining land. - Maximise environmental, landscape, cultural heritage, social, recreational and economic values at the interface between development and waterway corridors and ensure development protects these values. - Discourage urban development within waterway corridors where that development would compromise the values associated with the waterway. - Encourage subdivision, development and drainage design to adopt best practice urban stormwater management. - Minimise noise pollution and maintain air quality by allowing for the adequate separation of conflicting land uses. - Μaintain a balance between the urban and non-urban aspects of the municipality and minimise urban growth impacts on the natural environment. - Buffer the waterway and its environs from the negative impacts of urban development and rural activity by establishing appropriate buffer distances between the waterway values and urban or rural activity based on an Environmental Assessment.

Council’s actions are to: 1. Maintain at least a 15-year supply of fully serviceable land to accommodate projected urban growth in accordance with the Growth Area Planning Policy. 2. Formally recognise the following concept plans in the Wyndham Planning Scheme: - Werribee West - Point Cook - Wyndham North. 3. Monitor and evaluate future development infrastructure requirements in accordance with the Council’s A Policy Framework for Infrastructure Financing in the City of Wyndham. 4. Require any development proposals outside the growth fronts to provide a detailed assessment of how infrastructure can be funded, taking into account A Policy Framework for Infrastructure Financing in the City of Wyndham. 5. Maintain a large minimum subdivision size in those areas nominated for long-term urban use by application of the Rural Zone. 6. Reduce emphasis on the concept of a growth corridor between Werribee and Little River and recognise this area as primarily rural for the foreseeable future by applying the Rural Zone. 7. Allow for low-density development to function as a buffer between potentially conflicting urban areas by application of the Low Density Residential Zone, but only where servicing constraints do not impose an excessive cost. 8. Introduce planning provisions that recognises the desirability of establishing linkages between the Technology Precinct, Laverton North Industrial Area, the Old Geelong Road area and the planned transit-based activity centre and employment node on the former RAAF Airfield as areas of employment activity. 9. Ensure development that adjoins waterway corridors is designed and carried out in a way that protects and maximises the values of rivers and creeks. 10. Rezone waterway corridors to the Public Conservation and Resource Zone if land is transferred to public ownership. 11. Encourage developers to create a product in Wyndham’s housing market which capitalises on proximity and access to protected, natural waterway corridors and their special features, water sensitive urban design and site responsive design.

37.07 Urban Growth Zone. The purpose of the zone is to: To implement the State Planning Policy Framework and the Local Planning Policy Framework, including the Municipal Strategic Statement and local planning policies. To manage the transition of non-urban land into urban land in accordance with a precinct structure plan. To provide for a range of uses and the development of land in accordance with a precinct structure plan. To contain urban use and development to areas identified for urban development in a precinct structure plan. To provide for the continued non-urban use of the land until urban development in accordance with a precinct structure plan occurs. To ensure that, before a precinct structure plan is applied, the use and development of land does not prejudice the future urban use and development of the land.

Objective 21.5-9 Rural land protection Productive use of rural land, ensuring compatibility with land care values and effective separation from urban purposes.

Council’s strategies are to: - Protect Wyndham’s rural areas from inappropriate development and urban intrusion. - Recognise and maintain the productive capacity of farming areas. - Maintain the non-urban separation between Werribee and Little River. - Maintain the city-meets-country feel of the Wyndham hinterland.

Council’s actions are to: 1. Where rural land is nominated for future urban growth purposes, maintain large holdings in the Rural Zone and preclude development which will prejudice long-term decision-making. 2. Preclude residential (or other urban) development of the rural areas located beyond the nominated urban growth area through application of the Rural Zone.

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Melbourne – Whydham Planning Scheme 3. Encourage farming or other compatible rural activities in areas beyond the urban periphery. 4. Designate areas suitable for hobby-farm use where physical constraints suggest that urban development will not be cost-effective and where landscape values can be enhanced. 5. Recognise the opportunity to incorporate the K Road area and peripheral areas on the coast into potential tourism precincts, without compromise to the productive capacity of agricultural activities in the Werribee South area in accordance with the relevant schedules of the Special Use Zone (see Clause 21.05-8). 6. Maintain land generally west of the Werribee River and north of the Wyndham urban area in the Rural Zone (with a minimum subdivision of 80 hectares), consistent with the broadhectare farming character of these areas. 7. Apply a minimum subdivision of 15 hectares in the schedule to the Rural Zone in the Werribee South area, generally in accordance with Council’s adopted policy Planning for the Werribee South Intensive Agriculture Area (1996). 8. Maintain existing patterns of subdivision between future Point Cook residential areas and the Werribee South intensive agricultural land (with a minimum subdivision of 40 hectares). 9. Conduct a detailed review of rural-area planning, particularly in regard to land capability and subdivision requirements. 10. Recognise the significant stone resources west of the Werribee River (as defined by the (Extractive Industry Interest Area” – see MSS Map 11) and apply a 500-metre quarry buffer to sensitive areas in accordance with Council adopted buffer statement of 1995. 11. Facilitate the diversification and intensification of agriculture at Eynesbury Station through development of an innovative residential and recreational community and the reuse of water from Surbiton Park Treatment Plant.

Objective 22.1-03 It is policy that: - Concept plans provide a guide to future development within Wyndham’s major growth fronts. - Other than with the consent of the Planning Authority, planning scheme amendments, development plans and subdivision plans be in conformity with concept plans. - The preparation and assessment of development proposals, development plans and subdivision plans have regard to the concept plans, as well as: - The need for future activity centres - Access to community facilities - Provision for open space and sporting facilities - Location of future school sites - Provision for major roads and road reservations. - Concept plans provide a basis for assessment of infrastructure needs and the application of funding mechanisms. - Concept plans provide a basis upon which further population projections and needs can be monitored and varied as required.

Werribee West Concept plan, Wyndham North Concept Plan, Point Cook Concept Plan and Point Cook Concept Plan Addendum 2006

Rule 37.7-03 Subdivision in Rural Living Zone A permit is required to subdivide land. Minimum lot size is 40ha

Melbourne – Whittlesea Planning Scheme Objective Strategy Actions Rules Assessment Objective 21.6-01 Residenital Growth Areas To plan for a diverse series of residential communities that have a unique identity and sense of place, cater to all segments of the housing market and respect and incorporate local environmental and cultural

Council’s strategies for achieving the objective are to: - Support the framework and strategic allocation of growth areas contained within the Plenty Valley Strategic Plan. - Support the establishment of Epping North as a complementary growth front. - Diversify the range of existing and future complementary growth fronts to cater for a broad range of housing markets by implementing varying densities between growth areas at Epping, South Morang

Specific actions are to: - Implement the objectives of the Plenty Valley Strategic Plan and incorporate the plan into the Whittlesea Planning Scheme. - Implement the objectives of the South Morang Local Structure Plan, Mernda Local Structure Plan Part 1 and the Whittlesea Township Local Structure Plan and incorporate these plans into the Whittlesea Planning Scheme.

37.07 Urban Growth Zone. The purpose of the zone is to: To implement the State Planning Policy Framework and the Local Planning Policy Framework, including the Municipal Strategic Statement and

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Melbourne – Whittlesea Planning Scheme features. and Mernda/Doreen.

- Allow the establishment of a range of activities within residential areas only where the activities serve a local function, do not cause a detrimental impact on residential amenity and do not increase the potential for inappropriate encroachment of commercial activities into defined residential areas - Ensure comprehensive planning is undertaken for new growth areas by introducing and facilitating a three stage strategic framework for the planning of future growth areas at South Morang, Mernda/Doreen, Whittlesea Township and Epping North. - Ensure that subdivisions are responsive to site characteristics and diversity to meet needs and create visual interest. - Plan to create ‘unique’ local identity through the linking of new communities to local features or focal points including River Redgums in Epping North, South Morang and Mernda/Doreen, the Quarry Hills in South Morang and the Plenty River in South Morang and Mernda/Doreen.

- Implement a three staged strategic planning framework for subdivision in Mernda/Doreen by applying the Incorporated Plan Overlay, Development Plan Overlay and permit requirements. - Implement the objectives of the Epping North Strategic Plan and associated Local Structure Plans. - Undertake market and needs analysis as an integral component of the comprehensive forward planning process for future growth areas at Epping North and within the Plenty Valley. - Ensure the retention of River Redgums in new subdivisions by implementing the ‘Redgum Protection Policy’ and applying it to all new subdivisions, which include development near any existing River Redgum. - Oppose inappropriate interim subdivision of land in future growth areas. Emphasise the creation of local identity by adopting a variation to uniform density targets by implementing medium, average and low development densities at South Morang, Epping North and Mernda / Doreen respectively. - Ensure diversity in lot size and building form is achieved and subdivision proposals are responsive to site characteristics by requiring that detailed site analysis procedures are adopted in accordance with Council’s Subdivision Design Requirements and Site Analysis Procedures Guidelines for all new residential and industrial subdivisions in ‘in-fill’ locations and growth areas of South Morang, Mernda/Doreen and Epping.

local planning policies. To manage the transition of non-urban land into urban land in accordance with a precinct structure plan. To provide for a range of uses and the development of land in accordance with a precinct structure plan. To contain urban use and development to areas identified for urban development in a precinct structure plan. To provide for the continued non-urban use of the land until urban development in accordance with a precinct structure plan occurs. To ensure that, before a precinct structure plan is applied, the use and development of land does not prejudice the future urban use and development of the land.

Objective 21.6-02 Managing urban growth To effectively manage urban growth in a manner that maximises beneficial relationships between compatible land uses and which avoids inappropriate incursions into non-urban or environmentally sensitive areas.

Council’s strategies for achieving the objective are to: - Ensure there is an adequate available supply of zoned serviceable residential land to accommodate future growth at South Morang, Mernda/Doreen and Epping North. - Increase the potential for long term manageable residential development by undertaking a strategic land use planning exercise for Epping North. - Define the extent of existing growth areas through the maintenance of non-urban breaks between South Morang, Mernda/Doreen and Whittlesea Township which focus on the Quarry and Whittlesea Hills. Define the limits of possible urban expansion in Epping North. - Allow interim use of land only where the potential for longer term objectives to be fulfilled can be demonstrated. - Oppose incremental expansion into rural and environmentally sensitive areas. - Pursue urban zonings in Cooper Street and Epping North.

Specific actions are to: - Require land to be set aside for future public transport routes in association with development of the South Morang Activity Centre. - Require land to be set aside for the construction of the ultimate alignment of Findon Road and The Boulevard through the Development Plan process. - Land which has previously been allocated for long term urban development through corridor zones is to be zoned Rural in recognition of its general farming and agricultural use. - In recognition of identified floodways in existing and future urban areas including the Cooper Street Precinct and South Morang appropriate zones and overlays will be applied. - In recognition of the approved Local Structure Plans for Whittlesea Township and South Morang and the need to develop detailed plans before subdivision the Development Plan Overlay will be applied.

Objective 21-6-8 Rural land use and development To define the role and extent of rural areas and to establish a framework for the consideration of proposals for use and development.

Council’s strategies for achieving the objective are to: - Undertake a comprehensive review of the rural areas. - Maintain the rural land resource to preserve the opportunity for alternative forms of agriculture to be established within the rural areas. - Limit rural residential subdivision to those precincts approved in association with the Whittlesea Township Local Structure Plan pending completion of the Rural Review. - Progressively review the performance, supply and demand for rural residential development in and around the Whittlesea Township. - Support the creation of low-density style semi-rural allotments in Laurimar Park to satisfy additional demand for this type of housing. - Place a moratorium upon consideration of further applications for extractive industry within the Cooper Street Precinct area and Epping North Strategic Plan area pending finalisation of relevant investigations. - Prepare a framework for the consideration of extractive industrial proposals as part of the Rural Review.

Specific actions are to: - Recognise the need to maintain the “status quo” in terms of planning scheme controls in rural areas pending the outcome of the rural areas review by translating former planning scheme controls and subdivision provisions into the new format scheme. - Recognise that some employment generating land uses may require a larger rural land area by nominating a preference for one-off uses to be directed to an area in the northwestern section of the municipality as shown on the rural areas framework plan. - Define the basic land character areas comprising the Plenty Valley, the Plenty Ranges and Western Plains as indicated on the rural areas framework plan. - Implement the objectives and recommendations of the Rural Areas-Siting, Use and Development Guidelines for all residential development applications in rural areas. - Recognise the high value of extractive resources in the rural areas by defining the extractive resource interest area as shown on the rural land use and development framework plan. - Minimise the impacts of inappropriate rural subdivision by utilising the Dwelling Density and Excisions in Rural Areas Policy as an interim arrangement pending finalisation of the Rural Review. - Support the on-going operation of existing extractive industries by including all existing extractive industrial sites within the Special Use Zone to demote their presence and to translate former controls to allow their continued operation. - In recognition of land used for general farming and agricultural purposes the Rural Zone will be applied. - In recognition of existing rural living areas the Rural Living Zone will be applied. - In recognition of the need to control and limit inappropriate rural residential development in Eden Park, parts of Humevale and Brush Road, Epping the

37.7.3 Permit Is required for any subdivision in the rural zone. Minimum lot size is 40ha.

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Melbourne – Whittlesea Planning Scheme Restructure Overlay will be applied.

Melbourne – Casey Planning Scheme Objective Strategy / Policy Actions Rules Assessment Objective 21-6.2 To ensure development occurs in an orderly manner. To ensure the timely provision of physical and social infrastructure. To improve access to activity centres and employment opportunities. To foster the development and growth of new residential communities. To minimise conflict between urban and non-urban uses. To ensure that any interim development does not compromise the future urban use of the land.

Ensure the extent of urban development generally conforms to the Casey-Cardinia Growth Area Framework Plan. Ensure a Precinct Structure Plan is in place prior to permitting use and development of land for urban purposes. Ensure an approved Development Plan is in place to guide development prior to land being subdivided and developed for urban purposes. Ensure that within residential estates, staging of subdivisions occurs in an orderly manner and has appropriate access to the existing road network, other infrastructure and community facilities. - Facilitate the early provision of neighbourhood shopping centres to match population growth through rezoning of land and the planning permit process. - Facilitate the provision of community facilities through development contributions and other funding initiatives to foster a sense of belonging amongst new and developing ommunities. - Ensure land adjacent to quarries or refuse tips is not developed for residential purposes unless there is no threat to the safety and amenity of future residents and appropriate buffers are provided. Ensure the installation of telecommunications facilities and satellite dishes has regard to high standards of visual amenity.

Objective 21.9.2 To ensure residential land is used efficiently so that existing land zoned for this purpose is consumed less quickly and future residential growth is not directed to areas that are remote and less suitable for urban development. To ensure that residential subdivision of new areas occurs in an orderly manner.

An approved Development Plan must be in place to guide development prior to land being subdivided and developed for urban purposes. New development must conform with any approved Development Plan or Precinct Structure Plan. Any departures from approved an approved plan will only be assessed in accordance with the provisions of the Development Plan Overlay, the Urban Growth Zone and any associated schedules. New residential subdivision must occur in an orderly manner. Large subdivisions should provide a variety of lot sizes to meet the housing needs of different age groups and household structures. Small lots are to be encouraged in areas which are fully serviced and close to community facilities and public transport routes. Residential subdivisions to contribute an infrastructure levy, which will be used for the timely provision of physical and social infrastructure required by new communities. New residential communities to be planned and developed around neighbourhood centres. Such centres will: - comprise a cluster of local commercial, community, education and recreational facilities; - be capable of being serviced by public transport; - be accessible to the intended residential catchment by cycling or walking; - provide opportunities for personal interaction; and, - facilitate surveillance of public areas by residents. Encourage neighbourhood shopping centres to be established early in new residential subdivisions and discourage the banking of planning approvals for essential facilities. Facilitate the redevelopment of established residential areas in a manner that is sensitive to the existing urban context, the concerns of existing residents, and changing housing needs. Promote the following actions in applications to subdivide land: - the early vesting of land set aside for public open space, particularly where the public open space forms part of a neighbourhood centre;

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Melbourne – Casey Planning Scheme - the setting aside of land containing significant vegetation for public open space; - the setting aside of land along watercourses and in other strategic locations identified in local structure plans; and, - the construction of bicycle paths and equestrian trails in locations identified for these purposes in local structure plans.

Objective 22.1.2 Future urban areas policy - To identify land which may be suitable for urban purposes in future. - To prevent such land from being used or developed in a manner which could prejudice its possible future use for planned urban purposes.

It is policy that: - Land shown within the Urban Growth Boundary and designated for future urban development in the Casey-Cardinia Growth Area Framework Plan will be made available for urban development only after the planning authority is satisfied that this will facilitate the orderly planning and expansion of built-up areas and an approved Precinct Structure Plan is in place. - Land affected by this policy be used and developed in a manner that does not impair its capacity to accommodate future urban development. - Fragmentation of rural land be avoided to preserve options for future urban development. - Efficient farming practices be continued on agricultural land until the land is developed for urban purposes. - Remnant areas of native bush, tree lines, natural watercourses, wetlands and places of heritage significance be conserved. - The rezoning of any land shown on the plans forming part of this policy be based upon a Precinct Structure Plan.

37.07 Urban growth zone To implement the State Planning Policy Framework and the Local Planning Policy Framework, including the Municipal Strategic Statement and local planning policies. To manage the transition of non-urban land into urban land in accordance with a precinct structure plan. To provide for a range of uses and the development of land in accordance with a precinct structure plan. To contain urban use and development to areas identified for urban development in a precinct structure plan. To provide for the continued non-urban use of the land until urban development in accordance with a precinct structure plan occurs. To ensure that, before a precinct structure plan is applied, the use and development of land does not prejudice the future urban use and development of the land.

Objective 22.2-2 Township Policy To provide for limited growth of the township areas. To reinforce the identity of the townships by developing focal points. To encourage land use and development which is compatible with the character of the township area. To ensure that the character of the townships is maintained and enhanced.

It is policy that: - Use and development of land be consistent with any approved Development Plan. - Residential expansion be confined within the boundaries of the Townships as defined by this policy and where sewer is provided. - Residential subdivision be connected to reticulated sewerage where available and make provision for public open space. - Historic places be protected.

Objective 22-5-1 Residential development policy To provide a planning framework to guide the orderly development of residential land that is responsive to community aspirations for housing needs. � To identify existing environmental features, land uses and constraints which need to be considered in the development of land for urban purposes. � To identify requirements in relation to the provision of transport infrastructure, utility services, community facilities, open space and other land use matters which are necessary to serve the needs of the local and wider community. � To create a high quality living environment recognising environmental sustainability.

It is policy that: � Residential development be in accordance with any approved Precinct Structure Plan or any approved Development Plan under a Development Plan Overlay. � Departures from approved Development Plans will be supported only in exceptional circumstances and only if it can be demonstrated that the departure will result in a net community benefit. � New residential development be staged in an orderly manner having regard to the availability of social and physical infrastructure. � New communities be provided with neighbourhood facilities including open space that are conveniently located and which can be reached by alternative transport modes, including walking. � Neighbourhood facilities be grouped together to provide a visible focal point which residents can readily identify with which are linked by open space and road networks. � New development contributes fairly to the infrastructure needs of the area.

Objective 22-14.2 Infrastructure policy To pursue a high level of livability in new residential areas and efficiency in

It is policy that: � Development Contribution Plans be applied to all urban growth areas. � Any rezoning of land from non-urban to urban, includes a Development Contributions Plan.

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Melbourne – Casey Planning Scheme commercial areas through the timely provision of high quality infrastructure. - To ensure adequate funding required to meet the infrastructure needs of new residents and businesses as outlined in Development Plans for growth areas. - To determine a fair distribution of infrastructure funding between new development and the community at large. - To ensure that new development provides appropriate contributions towards infrastructure requirements on the basis of Development Contributions Plans. -To ensure requirements are placed on new development to meet the need for open space outlined in Development Plans. - To ensure that any new development in growth areas that is not affected by Development Contributions Plans does contribute to the need to provide for infrastructure.

� Development Contributions Plans be incorporated into the Planning Scheme, together with the application of a Development Contributions Plan Overlay. � Development Contributions Plans provide funding for development and community infrastructure. � Development Contributions Plans only include infrastructure for which the need is clearly linked to the proper development of growth areas as outlined in Development Plans. � New development fairly contributes to the provision of infrastructure, in that its level of funding is commensurate with the extent to which it contributes to the need for additional infrastructure. � The funding requirements in Development Contributions Plans be fairly apportioned between landowners and different types of developments within growth areas, generally on the basis of a required contribution per hectare of land. � New development may be taken in kind, rather than in cash. � New development provides public open space as outlined in Development Plans for growth areas, generally expressed as a percentage of land to be set aside for that purpose (refer to Clause 52.1) � Open space be generally located in accordance with the relevant Development Plan. � Open space generally be free from any encumbrances like easements, drainage constraints and the like. � New development in growth areas that is not affected by a Development Contribution Plan overlay does contribute to the need to provide for infrastructure based on an assessment of the impact of that development on the need for infrastructure.

Melbourne – Cardinia Planning Scheme Ordinance Objective Strategy Actions Rules Assessment Objective 21.8.1 Urban growth area To create a functional, attractive, safe and sustainable urban environment for the existing and future community of the Cardinia urban growth area.

- Provide for the staging of development in the urban growth area in accordance with the following table:

Provide for development in the urban growth area in accordance with the following approved precinct structure plans: - Cardinia Road Precinct Structure Plan (September 2008); and - Cardinia Road Employment Precinct Structure Plan (including the Cardinia Road Employment Precinct Native Vegetation Precinct Plan, September 2010), (September 2010). - Provide for development contributions to fund physical and community infrastructure associated with urban development. - Protect areas of future urban development from inappropriate subdivision and development that limits the future orderly and efficient development of the land for urban purposes. - Provide a distinct character and identity for urban areas through retention of existing vegetation, respect for topography, appropriate streetscaping and provision of adequate open space. - Work with state agencies to facilitate the timely provision of state infrastructure to support urban development.

The strategies in relation to the urban growth corridor will be implemented through the planning scheme by: Uses and Exercise of Discretion - Using the precinct structure plans to guide development within the urban growth area. Application of Zones and Overlays - Applying the Urban Growth Zone to undeveloped land within the urban growth boundary. - Applying the Special Use Zone to specific encumbered land parcels to exclude them from being subject to the Growth Areas Infrastructure Contribution. - Applying the Development Contributions Plan Overlay to areas with approved Development Contributions Plans to facilitate timely provision of infrastructure. Future Strategic Work - Progressively prepare detailed Precinct Structure Plans and Development Contribution Plans for the various precincts within the growth area. - Review the current planning strategies for the Beaconsfield and Pakenham townships, including the development contributions plan for the Pakenham Township.

37.07 Urban Growth Area Purpose To implement the State Planning Policy Framework and the Local Planning Policy Framework, including the Municipal Strategic Statement and local planning policies. To manage the transition of non-urban land into urban land in accordance with a precinct structure plan. To provide for a range of uses and the development of land in accordance with a precinct structure plan. To contain urban use and development to areas identified for urban development in a precinct structure plan. To provide for the continued non-urban use of the land until urban development in accordance with a precinct structure plan occurs. To ensure that, before a precinct structure plan is applied, the use and development of land does not prejudice the future urban use and development of the land.

Objective 22.07 Maryknoll Township To provide for the limited growth of the Maryknoll township.

It is policy that: - The low density character of the Maryknoll township be maintained with new residential lots in the range of 0.8ha to 1.2ha. - The boundary of the Maryknoll township be defined by Snell Road, Mortimer Road, Fogarty Road and Wheeler Road, and that new residential lots either be contained within this boundary or fronting onto these roads if the land is not of environmental significance. - While the existing poultry farm on the corner of Snell Road and Barongarook Road continues to operate, no new residential lots be created within 500 metres of the poultry buildings. - The natural environment and character of the area be protected, particularly areas of remnant

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Melbourne – Cardinia Planning Scheme Ordinance vegetation. - As part of any new development, consideration be given to works to enhance the environment including the protection of waterways and remnant vegetation, weed control and revegetation. - The siting and design of new buildings and works complement the rural character of the Maryknoll township, and not dominate the landscape. - The design of any new development and the management of existing properties incorporate wildfire protection measures. - As part of any new development, consideration be given to the need to upgrade roads providing access to the development, and whether a reticulated water supply should be provided to service the development

Appendix 2 Notes for Urban Growth Management/Rural Residential Plan Change

The following assumes post expressway construction. To manage expected pressures to rezone further land for urban and rural lifestyle development, consideration should be given to developing and implementing new provisions in the District Plan to manage these future growth pressures. In the past the Council has been subject to several private plan changes for both urban and rural residential subdivision and development where Council was in reactionary mode. In some cases, growth was not planned for these areas. There is not a lot of guidance in the District Plan to counter urban and rural residential growth pressures. The exception is Waikanae North which provides a model on how Council could manage/plan for development in other parts of the Kapiti Coast. The following identifies areas which are most likely to come under development pressure, values that should be protected. Areas unsuitable for development are identified taking this into account. From this analysis, areas which maybe suitable for development are identified which may take up some of the future demand for both urban and rural residential development. It is envisaged two types of plan changes. One which is restrictive i.e. to prevent urban expansion and rural residential development into high amenity areas and one which is enabling encouraging low impact development in areas appropriate for further development such as land in close proximity to existing urban areas. The following process has been undertaken to develop the provisions:

1. Identify areas most likely to be attractive to future development e.g. land closer to Wellington with high amenity values

2. Identify values that should be protected e.g. productive soils, areas vulnerable to liquefaction

3. Identify development principles that should be encouraged through subdivision and development e.g. renewable energy, CWB, low impact house design and siting, clustering

4. Identify areas most unsuitable for development e.g. land with high ecological and greenbelt values

5. Identify areas where sustainable low impact development could be encouraged

6. Develop plan changes for the two scenarios. 1. Areas most attractive for Development

These include land in closer proximity to Wellington, coastal land, land with access to lakes, streams and rivers and hill country land with views of the coast and the coastal plain. 2. Values to be protected

Productive soils – class I to III Coastal environment Hill Country with outstanding landscape values Ecological sites Greenbelt area between Paraparaumu and Waikanae

3. Development principles to be enhanced

Resilient communities e.g. encouraging/enabling renewable energy CWB and linkages to adjoining communities Provision of connected open space/recreational areas Enhancement of blue/green corridors Low impact house design and siting, Clustering, in particular for rural Encouraging affordable housing Providing for public transport, in particular for urban areas

4. Areas considered more suitable for Development URBAN i.e. consistent with the DMS

Raumati South Otaki North (mid town)

RURAL RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT

Hill Country where large areas of open space and recreational area are retained and where there is extensive provision for CWB pathways and linkages

Existing areas in the District Plan identified as rural-residential subdivision.

Note: Any further intensification would need to be carefully managed to ensure development was low impact and where best practice design was guaranteed. 5. Areas considered most unsuitable for Development URBAN

All areas outside of the existing urban limits (except Raumati South and Otaki North) in particular the greenbelt area between Paraparaumu and Waikanae north of Otaihanga Road

Coastal Environment – land within 500m of the coastline. Includes land most vulnerable to liquefaction

Flood prone land Class I – III soils

RURAL RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT

All other areas not identified above. 6 Plan changes

A. RESTRICTIVE

A.1 Urban Expansion Include Urban Growth Management Section Explanation Objective 1: Urban Growth Management Contain urban development within the existing urban limits/zones to ensure that urban development avoids, remedies, or mitigates adverse impacts on water, significant amenity values and other natural resources and versatile soils and makes use of existing physical infrastructure. The only exception is in areas identified on the District Plan maps as Future Low Impact Urban. A.2 Rural Residential Development Include Rural Residential Development Section Explanation Objective 1: Rural Residential Development Contain rural residential development within the existing areas identified in the District Plan Maps to ensure that such development avoids, remedies, or mitigates adverse impacts on water, visual amenity and open rural landscape values, other natural resources, versatile soils and to avoid the fragmentation of existing productive rural land through subdivision and associated rural residential development.

B. PERMISSIVE

B.1 Urban Expansion Objective: Peripheral Urban Development

Peripheral urban development is of a scale and character which is consistent with urban consolidation and is in close proximity to existing physical infrastructure. Policy: Raumati Eco Village/ Paraparaumu North/Otaki North Low Impact Urban Areas (as shown on …maps…) Ensure that low-impact urban development and subdivision within the Low Impact Urban Areas is managed through structure plans which shall be developed and implemented through further plan changes. The plan changes shall include provisions which incorporate the following development principles:

i Landform dictates the shape and design of urban form

ii. Urban design/built form is of a high quality and reflects local character with a mix of density and housing types.

iii. Any development manages the quality and volume of stormwater runoff, maintains and enhances water bodies, their margins and catchments, in order to support the healthy functioning of aquatic eco-systems and natural areas

iv. Development of blue and green corridors (waterways and native bush areas) is a feature of any future development of the area.

v. Integration and protection of areas of historic heritage and environmental significance takes place

vi. Any urban development provides for walkable communities with generous provision for walking, cycling and horse riding trails.

vii. There are clustered village / hamlet developments within the undulating dune and peat areas

viii. That roads and access ways provide linkages between current and future neighbourhoods (connectivity).

ix. Development achieves energy and transport efficiency and minimises potable water use, in the design of buildings, roads (including streetlights), stormwater systems and water supply, while ensuring public health is maintained

x. Communities are more self sustaining e.g. by allowing the construction/operation of renewable energy infrastructure to service the local community.

xi. Major physical infrastructure issues, for example water supply and transportation systems, are resolved before new land for development is released

xii. Development integrates with adjoining land use activities and contributes to the wider community including provision of accessible, high quality, public open space: for example, through the provision of land appropriate for social infrastructure such as schools and other community facilities including access to public transport. The provision of ‘Affordable Housing’ is encouraged

xiii. There are local employment opportunities, appropriate to the needs and character of the surrounding community

xiv. Buildings, roads and structures are sited so that they minimise disturbance to the existing landform and natural features, including general contours and prominent landforms, areas of native bush, wetlands, streams and their margins, to reduce the adverse effects of sedimentation

xv. Development design recognises and provides for existing major network utilities safety and operational requirements. (Major network utility operators should be consulted to identify safety and operational requirements)

xvi. Any development shall make appropriate provision for stormwater disposal, water supply and wastewater management systems for each site.

xvii. Buildings and site accesses are designed and built so that they are free from flooding. Design solutions shall, where possible, use soft engineering to be consistent with Kapiti Coast District Council Subdivision and Development Principles and Requirements

Rules/methods Refer to structure plan reports. B.2 Rural Residential Development Objective: Eco-Hamlet Subdivision and Development Eco-Hamlet subdivision and development is enabled in areas where there is low rural productivity potential, where visual effects can be mitigated through design and where walking, cycling and horse riding pathways linking rural communities and public open spaces can be provided. POLICY: Hill Country Eco-Hamlet Area (as shown on…maps ….) Ensure that low-impact rural subdivision (eco-hamlets) and development within the Hill Country Eco-Hamlet Area is managed through structure plans which shall be developed and implemented through further plan changes. The plan changes shall include provisions that incorporate the following development principles:

(ii) Landform dictates the shape and design of eco-hamlets and associated buildings and minimises landform modification

(ix) Buildings, roads and structures are sited so that they minimise disturbance to the existing landforms and natural features including general contours and prominent landforms, areas of native bush, streams and their margins, to reduce the adverse effects of sedimentation

(x) Buildings are designed and oriented to maximise water and energy efficiency, while ensuring public health is maintained.

The use of local renewable energy generation systems is strongly encouraged.

(xi) Communities are more self sustaining e.g. by allowing the construction/operation of renewable energy infrastructure to service the local community.

(xii) Building design / built form reflects local character, including having cladding and colour schemes that are in harmony with the natural landscape and have low reflective qualities

(xiii) Open space and rural character are protected and enhanced by maintaining an appropriate overall rural-type density and ratio of development intensity to open space. Consideration is also given to minimising light pollution

(xiv) The potential for rural land to be utilised for a range of rural production activities is maintained through the retention of larger balance area lots

(xv) Efficient use is made of infrastructure and other services provided in conjunction with more concentrated rural living environments

(viii) Any development is designed to provide for a high degree of social and amenity value in the living environments, both within the site(s) and the wider neighbourhood/community. The provision of “Affordable Housing” is encouraged.

(xx) Any development is designed to create a sense of community and to provide a safe and accessible environment for pedestrians, cyclists and horse riders.

(xxi) Stormwater treatment and management systems are designed to integrate into the landscape to minimise storm-water runoff resulting from development and protect water quality, and any associated native ecosystems or habitats

(xxii) Any development and subdivision ensures that individual lots are landscaped and planted that:

a. visually reduces the bulk of buildings;

b. integrates the building form into the landscape;

c. provides shade and windbreaks;

d. protects or maintains visual privacy;

e. limits the planting of hedges and shelter belts along property boundaries; and

f. will maintain, including overtime, sufficient separation distance between vegetation and transmission lines.

(xxiii) Any development maintains and enhances the ecological health of water bodies, retains and develops blue and green corridors (waterways and native bush areas) as a feature of any future development of the area

(xxiv) Integration and protection of areas of historic heritage and environmental significance takes place

(xxv) Development provides for walkable communities with generous provision for walking, cycling and horse riding trails including non-motorised access along the foothills watercourses and open space areas and for all to link through to adjoining properties.

(xxvi) Any development minimises its Carbon Footprint

(xxvii) Development provides for the management of domestic animals, (including cats and dogs) and pest plants and fish to prevent the degradation of environmentally sensitive areas, native flora and fauna.

(xxviii) New dwellings are designed to minimise fire risks, for example, by installing domestic sprinklers

(xxix) Buildings and site accesses are designed and built so that they are free from flooding. Design solutions shall, where possible, use soft engineering to be consistent with Kapiti Coast District Council Subdivision and Development Principles and Requirements

(xxx) Adverse effects on the transmission lines are avoided, remedied or mitigated including through the design and layout of the subdivision and development and the nature and extent of earthworks.

Rules/methods These should be developed as part of the structure plan process in association with the plan changes.

growth management framework

Documents