grouping & identifying · amphibians characteristics: the word "amphibian" means...
TRANSCRIPT
Grouping & Identifying
Living Things
2
An
imals
Cla
ssif
icati
on
By
Piyush & Ilaxi
© 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Biological Classification is the way in which scientists use to categorize and organize all the life.
It can help to distinguish how similar or different living organisms are to each other.
Thus living things are put into two large groups, such as:
Classifying Living Things
Animals
Plants
Cla
ssif
yin
g Li
vin
g Th
ings
3 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Animals
Animals are divided into two major groups:
Vertebrates
Invertebrates
A
n
i
m
a
l
s
4 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Vertebrates
Vertebrates are animals that have a backbone or spinal column, also called vertebrae. These animals include fish, birds, mammals, amphibians, and reptiles.
There are currently around 65,000 known species of vertebrate animals. This sounds like a lot, but vertebrates are only around 3% of all the animals on Earth. Most of the animal species are invertebrates.
Vertebrates tend to be much more intelligent than invertebrates.
They can be found just about everywhere in oceans, rivers, forests, mountains, and deserts.
Verte
bra
tes
5 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Cold-blooded and Warm-blooded
Vertebrate animals can be either warm-blooded or cold-blooded.
A cold-blooded animal cannot maintain a constant body temperature. The temperature of their body is determined by the outside surroundings.
Reptiles, amphibians, and fish are all cold-blooded.
Warm-blooded animals are able to regulate their internal temperature.
They can sweat or pant to cool off and have fur and feathers to help keep them warm.
Warm-blooded animals are called endothermic, meaning "heat inside". Only birds and mammals are warm-blooded.
Co
ld-b
loo
ded
an
d W
arm
-blo
od
ed
6 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Vertebrates
These are animals with a backbone.
There are five groups of vertebrates:
Amphibians Birds Fish Mammals Reptiles V
erte
bra
tes
7 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Amphibians
Have moist skin
Lay jelly coated eggs in water
Lives on land and water
Am
ph
ibia
ns
8 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Amphibians
Characteristics:
The word "amphibian" means two-lives, one in the water and one on land.
They live the first part of their lives in the water and the last part on the land.
They also have fins to help them swim, just like fish.
Later, their bodies change, growing legs and lungs enabling them to live on the land.
Am
ph
ibia
ns
9 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Characteristics:
Amphibians have adapted to live in a number of different habitats including streams, forests, meadows, bogs, swamps, ponds, and lakes.
Most of them like to live in or near water and in damp areas.
Adult amphibians are carnivores and predators. They eat a variety of food including spiders, beetles, and worms.
The largest amphibian is the Chinese Giant Salamander. It can grow to 6 feet long and weigh 140 pounds.
The smallest amphibian is a frog called the paedophryne amauensis. It is also the world's smallest vertebrate animal. It is about 0.3 inches long.
Amphibians A
mp
hib
ian
s
10
© 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Birds
Have feathers and hollow bones
Lay hard shelled eggs
Warm blooded
B
i
r
d
s
11 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Birds
Characteristics: The main characteristic of a bird is feathers,
wings and hollow bones. No other animal has feathers.
Birds also lay eggs, however they are warm-blooded, like mammals.
Many, but not all, birds can fly.
Feathers are made of keratin.
Hummingbirds are some of the smallest birds, while ostriches are some of the biggest.
Feathers are important to birds because they keep them warm, help them to fly, and provide camouflage.
Hollow bones also help in flying because they
help make the bird light enough to fly.
B
i
r
d
s
12 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Fish
Have wet scales
Lay eggs in water
Lives in water
F
i
s
h
13 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Fish
Characteristics:
Fish are animals that live in the water with largest group of vertebrates.
They come in many sizes and shapes.
Many fish are covered with scales that protects them.
They have fins that help them to steer and balance in the water.
Their body temperatures vary in the water.
They breathe through gills.
Some fish eat plant life. They may scrape algae off rocks or eat plants that grow in the ocean or sea.
Some fish, called predators, prey on other fish and animals.
There are three major types or classes of fish including jawless, cartilaginous, and bony fish.
An example of a jawless fish is the lamprey eel. Sharks are cartilaginous fish and the blue marlin is a bony fish.
Fish can be as large 40 ft long to 1/2 inch long.
F
i
s
h
14 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Mammals
Have hair and produce milk
Give birth to live offspring (no eggs)
Warm blooded
M
a
m
m
a
l
s
15 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Mammals
Characteristics:
What makes an animal a mammal are several things. First, they must have glands that give milk. This is to feed their babies.
Second, they are warm-blooded.
Third, all mammals have fur or hair. Humans are mammals and so are dogs, whales, elephants, and horses.
Most mammals have teeth with the exception of the ant eater which doesn't have any teeth.
Mammals live in all sorts of environments including the ocean, underground, and on land.
Some mammals, bats for example, can even fly.
M
a
m
m
a
l
s
16 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Mammals
Characteristics:
Mammals have unique brains and are often very intelligent. Humans are the most intelligent.
Mammals that eat meat are called carnivores.
Mammals that eat only plants are called herbivores.
Mammals that eat both meat and plants are called omnivores.
Mammals are sometimes divided into three types based on how they give birth and take care of their young.
The largest mammal is the Blue Whale which lives in the ocean and can grow to over 80 feet long.
M
a
m
m
a
l
s
17 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Reptiles
Have dry scales
Lay leathery shelled eggs
Cold blooded
R
e
p
t
i
l
e
s
18 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Reptiles
Characteristics:
Reptiles are cold-blooded animals.
Most reptiles lay eggs and their skin is covered
with hard, dry scales. There are many types of reptiles. The main
categories are snakes, crocodiles and alligators, turtles, and lizards.
Reptiles can be found on every continent except for Antarctica.
Lizards and snakes smell with their tongues.
The biggest reptile is the salt water crocodile. These reptiles can grow to 2,000 pounds and 12 ½ feet long.
The smallest reptile is thought to be the mini chameleon from Madagascar which only grows to just over an inch in length.
R
e
p
t
i
l
e
s
19 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Invertebrates
Invertebrates are animals that do not have backbones, also called vertebrae or spinal bones.
97 % of the animal kingdom is made up of invertebrates.
Some can be found in ponds, oceans, and other water environments.
Insects and some other invertebrates have exoskeletons.
There are eight groups of invertebrates.
Inverte
bra
tes
20 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Invertebrates
Eight groups:
◦ Molluscs
◦ Flatworms
◦ Annelids
◦ Roundworms
◦ Sponges
◦ Echinoderms
◦ Cnidarians
◦ Arthropods
Inverte
bra
tes
21 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
1.Molluscs
Crawl on a single fleshy pad.
Can have a shell
M
o
l
l
u
s
c
s
22 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Characteristics:
There are 3 classes: Gastropods, Bi-valves,
and Cephalopods.
They have an external shell with bi-lateral
symmetry.
Cephalopods are extremely intelligent.
A snail is a mollusk with a single hard shell.
Squids and octopuses are also mollusk.
ex.- squid, octopus, cuttlefish, nautilus
Molluscs
M
o
l
l
u
s
c
s
23 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
2.Flatworms
Have flat worm like bodies
F
l
a
t
w
o
r
m
s
24
© 2015 by Brilliant Classes
3.Annelids
Have round worm like bodies
Have bodies divided into segments
A
n
n
e
l
i
d
s
25 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
They are Segmented worms.
Each segment has a nervous, circulatory, excretory, muscular system.
They are Bilateral symmetrical.
They are First organism with complex body systems.
3.Annelids
A
n
n
e
l
i
d
s
26 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
4.Roundworms
Have long thin round worm like bodies
Have bodies with no segments
R
o
u
n
d
w
o
r
m
s
27 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
5.Sponges
Have bodies made of loosely joined cells
S
p
o
n
g
e
s
28 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Characteristics:
They are ‘Pore- Bearing”, Sessile and Asymmetrical.
Their bodies are full of holes and their skeleton is made of spiky fibers.
Water flows through the holes of their body which enables them to catch food.
Ex.- sponges
5.Sponges
S
p
o
n
g
e
s
29 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
6.Echinoderms
Have bodies divided into five parts
Have spiny outer covering
Ech
ino
derm
s
30 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Characteristics:
They have spiny bodies.
They have Radial symmetry.
They are Benthic- bottom dwellers.
They have Central mouth on ventral surface.
ex.- sea urchin, sea star, sea cucumber, sand dollar.
6.Echinoderms E
ch
ino
derm
s
31 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
7.Cnidarians
Have thin sack like bodies
Have tentacles
Cn
idari
an
s
32 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
EXAMPLES:
CORAL, JELLYFISH, SEA ANEMONE
Characteristics:
They have soft tubelike bodies with a single opening surrounded by armlike parts called tentacles.
They feed by catching tiny animals in their tentacles.
Hydras have tentacles that catch their food.
They move from place to place.
Jellyfish catch shrimp, fish and other animals in its tentacles also.
7.Cnidarians C
nid
ari
an
s
33 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
8.Arthropods
Arthropods are Animals with jointed appendages.
They have lots of legs and segmented bodies.
There are four group of arthropods:
◦ Arachnids
◦ Centipedes & Millipedes
◦ Crustaceans
◦ Insects
Arthropods are a group of invertebrates with jointed legs and hard exoskeleton that protect the arthropod.
As it grows, it molts, or sheds its old exoskeleton.
Then it grows a new exoskeleton that allows its body to continue to grow.
The largest group of arthropods are insects.
Arth
rop
od
s
34 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Arthropods - Arachnid
Have four pairs of legs.
Have bodies divided into two sections
Arth
rop
od
s - A
rach
nid
35 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Arthropods: Centipedes & Millipedes
Have long thin bodies and pairs of legs on each of their many body sections
36 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Arthropods: Insects, Spiders, and
Centipedes/Millipedes
They are the only invertebrates that can fly.
Insects have bodies divided into three parts and six legs.
Spiders have jointed legs (eight legs), jaws and fangs.
Centipedes and millipedes are also arthropods.
Centipedes uses its many legs to run from enemies.
Millipedes roll up their bodies when they sense danger approaching.
Arth
rop
od
s:
Inse
cts
, Sp
iders
an
d C
en
tip
ed
es/
Millip
ed
es
37 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Arthropods - Crustacean
Have five-seven pairs of legs
First pair often used as pincers
Bodies covered in shell
Arth
rop
od
s -
Cru
stacean
38 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Arthropods - Insects
Have three pairs of legs
Bodies divided into three sections
Often have wings
Arth
rop
od
s -
Inse
cts
39 © 2015 by Brilliant Classes
K What do you know about the animal classification ?
l What do you want to know about the animal classification?
W What did you learn about the animal classification ?
Prepare Animal Classification K W L chart.
Worksheet-1
© 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Animal
classification
Write as many words or phrases about the animal classification.
Worksheet-2
© 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Group Characteristics
Amphibians
Birds
Fish
Mammals
Reptiles
Worksheet-3
Write the characteristics of following groups.
© 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Group Characteristics
Molluscs
Flatworms
Annelids
Roundworms
Sponges
Echinoderms
Cnidarians
Arthropod
Worksheet-4
© 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Write the characteristics of following groups.
Write the characteristics of following groups.
Warm Blooded Animals Cold Blooded
Animals
Worksheet-5
© 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Group Example
Molluscs
Flatworms
Annelids
Roundworms
Sponges
Echinoderms
Cnidarians
Arthropod
Amphibians
Birds
Fish
Mammals
Reptiles
Worksheet-6
© 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Write the examples of following groups.
An Animal That Runs An Animal That Swims
An Animal That Crawls An Animal That Flies
Worksheet-7
© 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Draw a picture of animals on the basis of how they move.
An Animal With Feathers An Animal With Skin
An Animal With Fur An Animal With Scales
Worksheet-8
© 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Draw an animal in each of the boxes below.
Elephant Whale Frog
Alligator
Fish Crocodile
Salamander Panda
Ostrich Penguin Flamingo
Snake
Dolphin Humans
Duck Lizard
Fur Feathers Scales Skin
Worksheet-9
© 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Put the animals listed below in the right column.
Fur Feathers Scales Skin
Worksheet-10
© 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Name or draw animals with hair/fur, feathers, scales or skin.
Worksheet-11
© 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Pick two different animals. Show differences between them on each side and show similarities between them in the middle.
What is the difference between cold-blooded and warm-blooded animals? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Are bats mammals or birds? Explain your answer. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Most warm-blooded animals take care of their young. Most cold-blooded animals do not.” Is it correct? Explain. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Is a dolphin a fish, amphibian or a mammal? Explain. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Why isn't a frog a reptile? Give specific reasons. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Worksheet-12
© 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Write the answer of following questions.
1. Reptiles are warm-blooded.
2. All birds can fly.
3. All birds have a beak or bill.
4. All birds have two feet.
5. All birds have feathers.
6. All mammals have hair or fur.
7. Dolphin is a fish.
8. Bat is a bird.
a) Alligator _______________________
b) Ostrich _______________________
c) Frog _______________________
d) Whale _______________________
e) Human _______________________
f) Elephant _______________________
g) Salamander _______________________
h) Penguin _______________________
i) Shark _______________________
j) Lizard ____________________
Worksheet-13
Tell whether each sentence is true or false.
Write the name of vertebrate group for each animal below to which they belong?
© 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Have hair or fur Breath under water Have feather and wing Have scales Webbed feet
Insect Reptile Amphibian Bird Fish Mammal
Worksheet-14
© 2015 by Brilliant Classes
Match A with B.
On Science/Maths/ELA
© Brilliant Classes
Thank you for downloading our Resource
You are welcome to visit our store http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/
Brilliant-Classes-Science-Math-Ela