Group Dynamics Revision 2010

A2 Sports Psychology

What is group dynamics?

INTER GROUP

PROCESSESS

POWER ROLES

COHESION

LEADERSHIP

SOCIAL FACILITATION

COMMUNICATION

How do we indentify a group?

GROUP CHARACTERIST

ICS

INTERACTION

INTERDEPENDENCE

INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS

INDENTICAL GOALS/NORMS/VALUES

IDENTITY i.e. They know they are a member

INDEPENDENCE

Why do we want to understand group dynamics?

Steiners model of group productivity

A TEAM IS MORE THAN THE SUM OF ITS PARTS!! I.E. IF YOU ARE SUCCESSFULL IT IS NOT ONLY BECAUSE OF INDIVIDUAL TALENTS.

CAN YOU REMEMBER THE MODEL? CAN YOU EXPLAIN THE MODEL? CAN YOU IDENTIFY FAULTY PROCESSES? CAN YOU EXPLAIN STRATEGIES TO

ELIMINATE THEM?

DRAW OUT THE MODEL AND EXPLAIN IT COMPONENTS

FAULTY PROCESSES

S

COORDINATIONLOSSES

MOTIVATIONAL LOSSES

TEAM WORK/STRATEGIES BREAK DOWN

PLAYERS DONT UNDERSTAND THE STRATEGIIES

LOSSESS MORE LIKELY IN COMPLEX GAMES E.G. RUGBY OR BASKETBALL

“THEY COULDNT KEEP THEIR SHAPE”

TEAM COOPERATION IS ESSENTIAL TO ELIMINATE

CAN YOU RELY ON YOUR TEAM MATE TO FULFIL ROLE?

LOSS OF CONFIDENCE INCORRECT

AROUSAL LEVELS

SOCIAL LOAFING: INGHAM noted low motivation as a major factor of Ringleman effect leading to loafing.

RINGLEMAN EFFECT

As numbers of team members increase the total amount of effort given by each members decreases.

How can you reduce/eliminate social loafing?1. Identify when social loafing occurs and avoid

those situations. 2. Develop team cohesion; teammates will not want

to let each other down and therefore will make the effort.

3. Understand you players; what effects their performance? Are they having personal problems e.g. John Terry. How can you support them?

4. Make sure each player knows their own and others roles and respect them.

5. Try to use intrinsic motivation; the player should want to give 100% you cant always be there!!

Group formation...1. FORMING: familiarisation, team members

have just come together.

2. STORMING: members compete for roles, open hostility and questioning of power roles.

3. NORMING: group begins to stabilise, increase in cohesion. Member understand the need for common goals and accept roles taken, awarded.

4. PERFORMING

Group formation...1. FORMING: familiarisation, team members have just come

together.

2. STORMING: members compete for roles, open hostility and questioning of power roles.

3. NORMING: group begins to stabilise, increase in cohesion. Member understand the need for common goals and accept roles taken, awarded.

4. PERFORMING: all members aware of and accept roles. They all feel they contribute to group success, all experience a feeling of security and belonging. Energy channelled toward group success.

AS A COACH/TEACHER IT IS YOUR ROLE TO LEAD YOUR TEAM THROUGH THESE STAGES SUCCESFULLY REACHING THE PERFORMING STAGE. YOU NEED TO EXPLAIN HOW YOU WOULD DO THIS.

How would YOU help your team through each stage? Add a strategy for each stage.

1. Forming

2. Storming

3. Norming

So you can reach the Performing stage!!

CohesionWhat is cohesion and why is it important

for success in sport?

What types of cohesion are there?

In order to be a successful team do you need both?

Is one more effective in developing success than the other?

What can affect the levels of

cohesion? (Carron,

1982)

Situational/environmental factors such as...

Personal elements such as...

Team elements such as...

Leadership elements such as...

ALL OF THE ABOVE EFFECT BOTH TASK AND SOCIAL COHESION

Strategies for developing cohesionWrite down five strategies that you

would use to develop team cohesion.

Homework:

Revise theories related to leadership and Chelledurai’s multidimensional model of leadership.