group discussion for ovop (2014)

2014/09 APU Miyoshi 1

Group Discussions (Case Study) on Community-based One Village One Product (OVOP) Approach

Koichi MIYOSHI: Professor (Dr.), Graduate School of Asia Pacific Studies,Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific [email protected] OKABE: Bureau Chief,Institute for Community Design


Group Discussion Group discussion 1: Clarify the target community

and identify stakeholders at Village, Town, Municipality level for rural development.

Group discussion 4: Formulate program theory of rural development at village or district level.

Group discussion 3: Examine or assess community capacity at village or district level for rural development.

Group discussion 4: Identify supports from or interventions by central and provincial governments.


Group Discussion 1

Clarify the case community. Which governments, organizations, population are involved?

Identify stakeholders as many as possible at the case community, and central, provincial levels.

If possible, put the numbers of each stakeholders.

(Make stakeholder map as precisely as possible.)


Level of Community

International Community

Regional Community

State Community

Provincial Community

District/Municipality Community

Village Community

Community Capacity Developmentand Policy Structure Model

Outcomes of Community(Change of

Society)

Community Capacity

Function Strategic Component

Decentralization

Historical Condition and Context

Intermediate Outcomes(Change of

Target Group)

Outputs Activities Inputs

Community

ImplementationOutcomes

Characteristics of Community Capacity

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Community Capacity Developmentand Policy Structure Model


Society)

FunctionPlanning ImplementationEvaluation

Strategic Component

Human　 ResourcesLeadershipOrganizationNetwork

Decentralization

Historical Condition and Context


Target Group)

Outputs Inputs

Community

Implementation

Outcomes

Characteristics of Community CapacitySense of CommunityCommitmentsAbility to Set and Achieve ObjectivesAbility to Recognize and Access to Resources

Community Capacity


EconomicFormal,Market/InformalCommunal/CollectiveIndividual/Institution

SocialFormal/InformalCommunal/CollectiveIndividual/Institution

Environmental Formal/InformalCommunal/CollectiveIndividual/Institution

PoliticalFormal/InformalCommunal/CollectiveIndividual/Institution

Activities


Group Discussion 2 Create program theory/policy structure of rural development

at the village or district level. Identify effective activities (collective and higher value-

added production) which contribute to village or district development. Economic activities Social activities Environmental activities Political activities

Clarify the policy structure and examine the possibility of execution. Outcome: end outcome, intermediate outcome Implementation (project): outputs, activities, input.

Community Policy Structure Model


Society)


Target Group)

Implementation

Outcomes

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EconomicFormal,Market/InformalCommunal/CollectiveIndividual/Institution

SocialFormal/InformalCommunal/CollectiveIndividual/Institution

Environmental Formal/InformalCommunal/CollectiveIndividual/Institution

PoliticalFormal/InformalCommunal/CollectiveIndividual/Institution

Activities

Outputs Inputs

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Policy Structure (Program Theory)

Intermediate Outcome Change of

Target Group A


Target Group C


Target Group B

Output A-2

Output B

Output C

Output A-1

Outcome Change of Society

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Policy Structure/Objectives Tree

PolicyEnd OutcomeOverall Goal

ProgramIntermediate Outcome

Project Purpose

ProgramIntermediate Outcome

Project Purpose

ProjectOutputs

ProjectOutputs

ProjectOutputs

ProjectOutputs

ProjectOutputs

ProjectOutputs

Breakdown of policy

Higher level of results

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Policy Structure (Program Theory Matrix: PTM)

Policy(End Outcome)

Program(Intermediate Outcome)

Project

(Output) (Activity) (Input)

PolicyChange of Society-Indictors

Program A Change of Target group (A)-Indicators

Project A-1 Products and Services of ProjectIndicators

A-1 A-1

A-2 A-2 A-1

Program BChange of Target Group (B)-Indicators

B-1 B-1 B-1

B-2 B-2 B-2

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Program Theory/Logic Model

End OutcomeIntermediate

Outcome Outputs Activities Input

Outcomes Implementation(Administrative Activities)

Results


Three Type of Questions in Evaluation

Descriptive Questions:Current project situationExamining implementation process

Normative Questions:Comparison with targets

Performance measurement

Cause-Effect Questions:Measurement of effect by project implementation

Impact evaluation

Implementation Failure Degree of Achievement

Design Failure


Relationship between Evaluation Criteria & PDM

End Outcome

Intermediate 　

Outcome

Output

Input

impact

effectiveness

efficiency

Relevance

sustainability

Activities

Measuring performance

Examining process

Assessment of 5 criteria

Measuring performance

Examining implementing process

Policy Structure and DAC Evaluation Criteria


Policy(End Outcome)

Program(Intermediate Outcome)

Project

(Output) (Activity) (Input)

Policy Program A A-1 A-1 A-1

A-2 A-2 A-1

Program B B-1 B-1 B-1

B-2 B-2 B-2

Relevance

Impact

Sustainability

Effectiveness Efficiency

Measuring Performance

Examining implementing process

Evaluation Criteria, and Policy, Program and Project

End Outcome

Intermediate Outcome

Output Activity Input

EOC IOC1 OP1/1 A1/1 IP1/1

OP1/2 A1/2 IP1/2

IOC2 OP2/1 A2/1 A2/1

OP2/2 A2/2 IP2/1

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Policy Program

Project

Impact

Effectiveness

Efficiency

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List of Community Collective Activities

Name of Activities

Division of Labor

Supporting Organization/

Facilities

Stakeholders

ResourcesCollective Activities

Individual Activities


Community Capacity

Collective Activities ＋ Individual Activities

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Supporting System /Supporting Facilities

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Group discussion 3 Examine or assess community capacity at village or

district level for rural development. Examine or assess characteristics of community

capacity at village or district level for rural development. Common values, common mission Commitment and participation Ability to set and achieve objectives Ability to recognize and access to resources

Identify effective strategies which contribute to the capacity development of community Leadership Human resources Organization Network

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Community Capacity Development Model

Outcome of Community

(Change of Society)

Community Capacity

FunctionPlanning ImplementationEvaluation

Strategic Component

Human　 ResourcesLeadershipOrganizationNetwork

Decentralization

Historical condition and context

Characteristics of Community Capacity

Sense of CommunityCommitmentsAbility to Ｓ et and Ａ chieve objectivesAbility to Recognize and Ａ ccess to Ｒesources

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Strategic Components of Community Capacity

Human resources

Who is the best in -----? Leadership

Individual Leadership → 　 Community Leadership Organizations

Support Collective Activities Networks in or related to the community

　 Know Who > Know How

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Group Discussion 4

Identify effective supports from or interventions by central and provincial which contribute to the development of the community capacity and examine the possibility for acquisition.

Identify effective supports from or interventions which contribute to the village or district development and examine the possibility for acquisition. Economic supports Social supports Political supports

OVOP Approach ModelCommunity/

Implementation Organization Level

(OVOP Implementation Organization )

Producer LevelPolicy Level

OVOP Policy-Making Organization

OVOP Implementation Organization

Collective Activities









OVOP Approach ModelCommunity/

Implementation Organization Level

(OVOP Implementation Organization)

Producer LevelPolicy Level

OVOP Policy-Making Organization

OVOP Implementation

Organization

Small Farmers/

Industries

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• Formulation of OVOP Approach Policy

• Provision of OVOP Approach Guidelines

• Training of OVOP Implementation

Organizations• Leadership

Training• Technical Support• Marketing Support• Financial Support.

• Community Capacity Development /HRD

• Creation and Maintenance of Collective Activities

• Knowledge Sharing • Technical Support/

Group of Producers• Marketing Support

/Direct Sales Facilities/Antenna Shops/HP Management

• Financial Support/ Micro Finance

• Producers: Existing or Potential

• Resources: Existing or Potential

• Internal or External

• Multi-Dimensional Agriculture/Industry

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Localization of Policy Structure


5 million(100,000)

300,000(20,000)

200,000(10,000)

Localization

National Region I Region II

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Intervention to Policy Structure by Model Project

End Outcome Intermediate Outcome


EOC- １ IOC-1 OP-1 A-1 I-1

EOC- ２ IOC- ２ OP-2 A-2 I-2

EOC- ３ IOC- ３ OP- ３ A- ３ I- ３

EOC- ４ IOC- ４ OP- ４ A- ４ I- ４

EOC- １２３４ IOC-1234 OP-1234 OP-1234 OP-1234

Expansion

Intervention/Support

Model Project

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Intervention to Policy, Program and Project

End Outcom

e

Intermediate

Outcome


EOC IOC/1 OP-1/1 A-1/1 I-1/1

OP-1/2 A-1/2 I-1/2

IOC/2 OP-2/1 A-2/1 I-2/1

OP-2/2 A-2/2 I-2/1


Policy Structure (Program Theory)


Target Group A


Target Group C


Target Group B

Output A-2

Output B

Output C

Output A-1

Outcome Change of Society

Intervention from Outside Organization APU Miyoshi

group discussion for ovop (2014)

Government & Nonprofit