ground source cooling and heating system @scribd

8/14/2019 Ground Source Cooling and Heating System @Scribd

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BASIC DEFINATION:Ground source cooling andheating system uses therelatively constanttemperature of ground toregulate the temperature of

a building. This is also known asGeothermal heat pumps,geoexchange , earth-coupled, earth energy or watersource pump , earth energy

system(EES).


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A ground source system worksby transferring energy rather thanproducing energy.

Based on Second Law ofThermodynamics:The second lawof thermodynamics is an axiom of

thermodynamics concerning heat,entropy, and the direction in whichthermodynamic processes can occur.For example, the second law impliesthat heat does not flow spontaneouslyfrom a cold material to a hot material,but it allows heat to flow from a hotmaterial to a cold material..


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CLOSED GEOTHERMALGROUND LOOPS:

HORIZONTAL GEOTHERMALGROUND LOOPS

VERTICAL GEOTHERMALGROUND LOOPS

SLINKY COIL GEOTHERMALGROUND LOOPS

GEOTHERMAL POND LOOPS

OPENGEOTHERMALGROUND LOOPS


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These are suitablewhere adequate soil orclay based land isavailable.

We need a trench ofminimum of (100 x 100x 5 ) ft .

Pipe needed 500 to600 ft per ton of

conditioning is needed.They are inappropriate

for extreme climates.


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These are suitable forextreme climates, limitedspace or rocky terrain .

We need to drill 150 to 300feet deep holes in whichhairpin shaped loops of pipeare dropped.

Pipe needed 300 to 600 ftper ton of conditioning isneeded.

Vertical loops are typicallymore expensive than

horizontal loops and Lesspiping required and providebetter conditioning as theearth temperature is morestable at depth.


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These are more economicand space efficient versionof a horizontal groundloop.

These use overlappedloops of piping laid outhorizontally along thebottom of a wide trench.

They take 1/3 to 2/3 lessspace than traditional

horizontal loop trenches


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This needs at least a acre by 8 ft deep pond or alake.

This is installed by layingcoils of pipe in the bottomof the pond or lake.

This type of geothermalsystem is both highlyeconomical and efficient asthis has the inherentadvantages of water towater heat transfer.


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In this fresh water from awell or pond is pumpedinto and back out of thegeothermal unit .

This requires an abundantsource of clean water andan adequate runoff area .

Water quality is key to anopen loop design asmineral content andacidity can quickly damagegeothermal units.


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LOOP OF G.I. PIPES:A closed loop

system, the mostcommon, circulates the

fluid through the loopfields G.I. pipes. In aclosed loop system thereis no direct interactionbetween the fluid and

the earth; only heattransfer across the G.I.pipe.


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HEAT EXCHANGER(RADIATOR):

It dissipate the

heat that thecoolant hasabsorbed from thesystem.


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MONO-BLOCKPUMP:

These are single

phase capacitorstart and run, 2 poledesign pump usedused to pump the

refrigerant/coolant.


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Ground Source cooling systems work on a different principle than an ordinary furnace/airconditioning system, and they require little maintenance or attention. Furnaces must createheat by burning a fuel, typically natural gas, propane, or fuel oil. With Ground Source coolingsystems, there's no need to create heat, hence no need for chemical combustion at thebuilding (though, of course, the electricity used is usually made via combustion). Instead, theEarth's natural heat is collected in winter through a series of pipes, called a loop, installed

below the surface of the ground or submersed in a pond or lake. Fluid circulating in the loopcarries this heat to the home. An indoor Ground Source cooling system then uses electrically-driven compressors and heat exchangers in a vapor compression cycle - the same principleemployed in a refrigerator to concentrate the Earth's energy and release it inside the homeat a higher temperature. In typical systems, duct fans distribute the heat to various rooms;other applications include water to-water transfer, as seen in a radiant floor system.

In summer, the process is reversed in order to cool the home. Excess heat is drawn from thehome, expelled to the loop, and absorbed by the Earth. Ground Source cooling systemsprovide cooling in the same way that a refrigerator keeps its contents cool, by drawing heatfrom the interior, not by injecting cold air.


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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)has called ground source energy system the mostenergy-efficient, environmentally clean, and cost-effective space conditioning systems available.

Ground-source heat pumps have unsurpassedthermal efficiencies and produce zero emissionsand less greenhouse gases than air conditioners,oil furnaces and electric heating locally.

A residential heat pump may save 5 tons of carbon

dioxide per year relative to any conditioningsystem. Open loop systems that draw water from a well and

drain to the surface may contributeto aquifer depletion, water shortages, groundwatercontamination, and subsidence of the soil.


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Ground source heat pumps are characterised by highcapital costs and low operational costs compared toother conventional systems. A homeowner may saveanywhere from 20% to 60% annually .

One study found the total installed cost for a system with10 kW (3 ton) thermal capacity for a detached ruralresidence in the USA averaged of $14,000 (INR 6,82,000) in2008 US dollars for a small size system.

Even with the high initial costs of purchasing a geothermalsystem the payback period is relatively short, typicallybetween 3-5 years.

These system are warrantied for 25 to 50 years and areexpected to last at least 50 to 200 years. Commercial systems maintenance costs in the USA have

historically been between $0.11 to $0.22 per m2 peryear( 5.00 10.00 INR per m2 ). i.e. for a 2000 ft2 house(185 m2) the maintenance cost would be (925 1850 INR).


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ENERGY SAVINGS.QUIET OPERATION.

COMFORT.CLEAN AND SAFE. SYSTEM LIFESPAN.

POSITIVE CASH FLOW.


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When comparing a geothermal system to anordinary system a homeowner can save anywherefrom 30% to 70% annually on utilities.

By using this system we can regulate the building

temperature between 7-21 degrees Celsiusdepending on the season.The current use of ground source system has

resulted in the following emissions reductions Elimination of more than 5.8 million

metric tons of CO2 annually. Elimination of more than 1.6 millionmetric tons of carbon equivalent annually.


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ground source cooling and heating system @scribd

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