ground penetrating radar (gpr) is a technology using...

3rd International Conference on Smart and Sustainable Technologies SpliTech2018 June 26-29, 2018

WorkshoponApplicationsofGroundPenetratingRadar(GPR)andRelatedScienceManagementAspects

Organizers:LaraPajewskiandDraganPoljak

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a technology using high frequency electromagnetic waves

transmittedintothegroundwhilereflectedsignalsarereturnedtothereceiver.Thetimerequiredforthepulsetotraveltoandfromthetargetismeasuredthusindicatingitsdepthandlocation.Thereflectedsignalsareinterpretedbythesystemanddisplayed.TheapplicationsofGPRtechnologyaremanifold,fromcivilengineeringandarcheology tophorensicsandminedetection. In theperiod fromApril2013toOctober2017, COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) Action TU1208 (www.cost.eu,www.GPRadar.eu)wasfocusedontheexchangeofscientific-technicalknowledgeandexperienceofGroundPenetrating Radar (GPR) techniques in civil engineering, aiming aswell at promoting awider andmoreeffectiveuseofthisinspectionmethodthroughouttheEurope.ThisCOSTActionwasrecognisedamongtherunningActionsas a “COSTSuccess Story”with the the following statement: “TU1208 ‘Civil engineeringapplications of Ground Penetrating Radar’ (Chair: Lara Pajewski, Roma Tre University, IT) is aninterdisciplinaryActionandrepresentsamilestoneinGPRresearch,beingthefirstEuropeannetworkeverexistedinthisfield,inlinewiththespiritandgoalsoftheERA.”AsapostactivityofCOSTTU1208and in continuationof the research inGPRarea theobjectiveof thisworkshopistobringtogetherengineersandscientistsfromvariousdisciplinesandsectorstodiscussandexchangebestpracticesinintheareaofgroundpenetratingradar(GPR)on-goingresearchandapplications.Fortheworkshop,weareinvitingauthorstosubmitpapersinthegiventopics.AcceptedpaperswillbesentforinclusioninIEEEXploreandotherindexingandabstractingdatabases.Workshoptopics:·ApplicationsofGPRincivilengineering,archaeology,culturalheritage·SciencemanagementinGPR·InnovativeGPRequipment,testingandoptimization·ElectromagneticmodelingforGPRsystemsandenvironment

Importantdates

PapersubmissiondueMarch20,2018

Notificationofacceptance

May01,2018

FinalpaperssubmissionMay20,2018

WorkshopdatesJune26-29,2018


Tutorial:GroundPenetratingRadarfordiscovering,protectingandpreservingculturalheritage

LaraPajewskiAbstract

TheEuropeanUnion(EU)hasmade2018theEuropeanYearofCulturalHeritage,tohighlightthe

diversity,sharedpastandrichculturesthatmakeEuropetoday.Culturalheritageplaysanimportantrolein

thehistoryandidentityofEurope’scountriesandofthecontinentasawhole.ItisavitalpartofEurope’s

economyandpromotingourculturaltreasuresisthekeytoboostgrowthandemployment.Thepromotion

ofthevalueofculturalheritageisalsoadirectresponsetothedeliberatedestructionofculturaltreasures

intheMiddleEastoflate.

Inthisframework,themainpurposeofthistutorialistoofferanoverviewonthemostinterestingactivities

fulfilledbytheMembersoftheEU-fundedCOSTActionTU1208inthe2013-2017period,concerningtheuse

ofGroundPenetratingRadar(GPR)andcomplementarytestingmethods inarchaeologyandforcultural-

heritagediagnostics.

GPR isa safe,effectiveandnon-destructive technique thatuseselectromagneticwaves toprovidehigh-

resolutionimagesofthesubsurface,ortoassesstheinnerstatusofastructure.Inarchaeologicalstudies,

andmoreingeneralinthemanagementofcultural-heritage,GPRisespeciallyuseful.Itcanbesuccessfully

employedtodiscoverandmapburiedarchaeologicalartifacts,toinspectancientbuildings,bridges,columns

andstatues,toinvestigatefrescoes,mosaicsanddecorations;andtostudytheinternalconditionsofseveral

otherobjectsofhistoricalvalue.TheuseofGPRisnotlimitedtotheinvestigationofman-madestructures:

this technique can also be exploited for the inspection of natural structures of geological, biological or

landscape-conservationvalue,whicharepartofourculturalheritageaswell,suchastrunksandrootsof

veterantrees,glaciers,caverns,fossilbeds,sanddunes,andmore.

Inmostcases,archaeologyexploitsthegreatpotentialofferedbytheGPRtechniqueinlimitedareasand

without complementing it with other approaches, whereas the combined application of multiple high-

resolution prospection methods at the scale of landscapes and their integrated interpretation are still

uncommon.Therefore,afterabriefintroductiontothetopicsofthetutorial,twolarge-scaleGPRinspections

are mentioned, where extraordinary results were obtained. The tutorial continues with a review of a

selectionofcutting-edgecasestudieswhereGPR,eventuallycombinedwithothernon-invasivetechniques,

wasusedtoinvestigatearchaeologicalsitesandotherstructuresofhighhistoricalvaluerealisedindifferent

ages, ranging from the 13th century BC to the modernist period and including tombs, monuments,

cathedrals,buildings,bridgesandstatues.AfewexamplesofGPRusefortheinspectionofnaturalstructures

ofhistoricalvaluearegiven,too.

Afurtheraimofthistutorialistounderlinethehugeimportance,inallGPRareasofapplication,ofmodelling

methodsfortheelectromagneticsimulationofcomplexscenarios.Radargramsusuallydonothaveadirect

resemblancetothesubsurfaceortotheobjectsoverwhichGPRisused:variousfactors,includingtheinnate

design of the survey equipment and the complexity of electromagnetic propagation and scattering, can

disguisecomplexstructuresrecordedonGPRprofiles.Inthatrespect,electromagneticmodelssignificantly

aidintheinterpretationofexperimentaldatasets,facilitateobjectlocalisation,shape-reconstructionand

estimationofgeophysicalparameters;theycanalsobeemployedbeforeasurvey,tosupportthechoiceof

themostproperGPRequipment.TU1208Membershavereleasedinterestingopensourceorfreewaretools

fortheelectromagneticmodellingofGPRscenarios,whichmainfeaturesareshortlypresentedduringthis

contributionalongwithexamplesofuseinthecultural-heritagefield.

Finally,thetutorialisconcludedwithashortresumeofthemainoutcomesoftheCOSTConnectworkshop

on“CulturalHeritageintheDigitalEra,”heldattheCOSTpremisesinOctober2017.Thiswasanopenspace

forparticipantstoidentifyanddiscusshowtheycouldbestcontributetostructuringthisfieldofcooperation


thathasshownhighpotentialtocreatesocietalimpactinEurope.TheeventbroughttogetheraselectionofCOSTActionrepresentatives,expertsfromotherEU-fundedresearchprojects,relevantrepresentativesoftheEuropeanInstitutions,end-usersandpartnersfromtheprivatesector.Bio

LaraPajewskireceivedtheLaureadegreeinElectronicEngineering'cumlaude'fromRomaTreUniversity,Rome,Italy,andthePhDinAppliedElectromagneticsand Electrophysics Sciences from Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. SinceNovember 2016, she is a Professor of Electromagnetic Fields in SapienzaUniversity, Department of Information Engineering, Electronics andTelecommunications.Shewasrecruitedinthispositionviaaspecialprocedureforwinnersofhigh-levelEUprojects('chiamatadiretta').FromApril2013toOctober2017,LaraPajewskiwastheChair,GrantHolderscientific representative and administrator of COST Action TU1208 “Civil

EngineeringApplicationsofGroundPenetratingRadar,”involvingmorethanthreehundredsexpertsfromacademia and industry, from 28 COST Countries (Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark,Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Malta, Macedonia, The Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal,Romania,Serbia,Slovakia,Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,Switzerland,Turkey,UnitedKingdom)and fromAlbania,Armenia,Australia, Colombia, Egypt,HongKong, Jordan, Israel, Philippines,Russia,Rwanda,Ukraine,andUnitedStatesofAmerica(www.GPRadar.eu).AsofSeptember2017,LaraPajewskiisthePresidentofTU1208GPRAssociation,ano-profitinternationalassociationfoundedasafollowupofCOSTActionTU1208(www.GPRadar.eu/tu1208),andtheEditor-in-chief of Ground Penetrating Radar (www.GPRadar.eu/journal), the first peer-reviewed scientific journaldedicatedtotheGroundPenetratingRadar(GPR)technique.Moreover,inNovember2017shewaselectedasthenextPresidentoftheEuropeanGeosciencesUnion(EGU)division"GeosciencesInstrumentationandDataSystem"(GI).LaraPajewskiistheChairoftheforthcoming10thInternationalWorkshoponAdvancedGroundPenetratingRadar"(Rome,Italy,3-5July2019).HermainresearchinterestsareinGPRtechnology,methodologyandapplications;integrationofGPRwithcomplementary inspection methods; development of full-wave techniques for the electromagneticmodellingofcomplexscenarios.AtSapienzaUniversity,LaraPajewskiholdsthe"Antennas"coursefortheLaureainInformationEngineering(Bachelor'sDegree)andthe“GroundPenetratingRadar”coursefortheLaureaMagistraleinElectronicEngineering(MasterDegree).

KeynoteTalk1(Part1):GPRinTransportInfrastructuresmanagement

SimonaFontulAbstract

Nowadays,inEuropeacrucialchallengeisthemanagementoftheexistingtransportinfrastructures.Anefficientrehabilitationhastobeperformedandtheplanningoftheinterventionsprioritisedinordertobetechnicallyandeconomicallyefficient,withreducedimpactontheusers.Maintenance actions are significant for transport infrastructures. A proper quality control since theconstructionphaseisakeyfactorforalonglifecycleandforagoodeconomypolicy.Forthisreason,suitabletechniqueshavetobechosenandnon-destructive tests representanefficientsolution,as theyallowtoevaluate infrastructure characteristics in a continuous or quasi-continuous way, saving time and costs,enablingtomakechangesiftestsresultsdonotcomplywiththeprojectrequirements.GroundPenetratingRadar(GPR)isaquickandeffectivetechniquetoevaluateinfrastructureconditioninacontinuousmanner,replacingorreducingtheuseoftraditionaldrillingmethod.


GPRapplicationtoroadsandrailwaysinfrastructures,duringconstructionandmonitoringphase,isbasedmainly on themeasuring of layers thicknesses and detection of structural changes. It also enables theassessmentofmaterialsproperties thatconstitute the infrastructureand theevaluationof thedifferenttypes of defects such as poor drainage, settlements, ballast pockets, fouled ballast etc..Moreover, thedevelopmentofnewGPRsystemswithhigherantennafrequencies,betterdataacquisitionsystems,moreuserfriendlysoftwareandnewalgorithmsforcalculationofmaterialspropertiescanleadtoaregularuseofGPR.This studypresents the joint interpretationofGPRandothernon-destructive tests forestablishmentofperformanceindexesoftransportinfrastructures. Thedevelopmentofperformanceindexesallowsforabetter planning of rehabilitation and consequently for a more efficient management of transportinfrastructures.KeynoteTalk1(Part2)SciencemanagementinAfricancountries-InfluenceofGPRuseforregionalcooperation

SimonaFontulAbstract

TheinfrastructuresdevelopmentiscrucialinmanyAfricancountries.TheuseofGroundPenetratingRadar promote a feasible detection and evaluation of existing infrastructures and a tool for the qualitycontrolofthenewconstructionsorrehabilitationsperformed.Itisimportantthattheuseofthisequipmentisintegratedinthehighereducationlevel.Theapplicationcanbe in Civil Engineering, such as buildings, roads, railways, bridges, utilities as well as geology, watercontaminationetc.The use of this equipment, togetherwith other evaluationmethods can contribute to the fulfilment ofstrategicobjectives fromthe2030AgendaforSustainableDevelopment.ExamplesofGPRapplicationtoimprovetheevaluationofexistinginfrastructuresarepresented.The main financing opportunities regarding the African counties are referred in this presentation andpossibleapplicationofGPRinthescenarioofgoodgovernanceandsustainableregionaldevelopment.Bio

Born in Bucharest, Romania, in 1971, Simona Fontul graduated in 1994 in CivilEngineering,specialisationonRoads,RailwaysandBridges,andobtainedaMasterof Science degree in Transport Infrastructure Management in 1997, both byTechnicalUniversityofCluj-Napoca,Romania.In2005sheobtainedaPh.D.degreein Civil Engineering, in the field of Urbanism, Planning and Transportation byUniversity of Coimbra, Portugal. She is a researcher in the TransportationDepartmentofNational Laboratory forCivil Engineering (LNEC), Lisbon,Portugal,andinvitedassistantprofessoratCivilEngineeringDepartmentofNovaUniversityofLisbon,Portugal.Sheisexpertinfunctionalandstructuralevaluationoftransportinfrastructures, including Ground Penetrating Radar and other Non-Destructive

Testing applications to roads, airfields and railways. Shewas an activemember of COSTAction TU1208representingPortugal.SheisvicechairoftheCoordinationTeamforCooperationwithPortuguese-speakingAfricanCountriesatLNEC.Sheistheauthorofmorethan140publications,includingbookchapters,articles,papers in conference proceedings, technical reports. She is also a reviewer of papers submitted forpublicationoninternationaljournals.


KeynoteTalk2:GPRapplicationinStructuralEngineering

DamirVarevacAbstract

Nondestructivetechniquesareveryimportanttoolforevaluationoftheexistingstructures.Thiswidegroupoftechniqueshelpsustodeterminemanypropertiesofstructuralelementsandtheirmaterialwithoutgeneratinganydamage.Someofthemostfrequentlyusedarebasedonultrasound,ambientalvibrationand, of course, electromagnetic radiation. Each of these procedures gives us some insight in specificproperty. Ground Penetrating Radar is a tool that we can use to obtain visual representation of theinaccessibleinteriorofthestructure.Detectionofthereinforcementsteelbarsinsidetheconcretebody,cracksandvoidsarecommontasksforGPR,butthistechniquewecanuseinmanyotherways.Thispapergivesinsightintopossibilitiesofusageinconcrete,timberandmasonrystructuresandalsoitslimitations.Bio

DamirVarevacwasborninOsijek,Croatia,in1967.Hegraduatedin1993.withthespecializationonStructuralengineering.In1999hereceivedhisMasterofSciencedegreeinStructuralAnalysisofBridges,andin2005.obtainedPhDdegreeinthefieldofEarthquakeEngineering.Since1993.heworksatUniversityofOsijek,FacultyofCivil Engineering, at first as teaching and research assistant andnowas associateprofessor and Dean of the Faculty. His research fields are dynamics of bridges,concrete andprestressed structures, in – situ testing of the structures, impact ofexplosionsonengineeringstructures,nondestructivetestingofstructures,includingGroundpenetratingRadar.HeisactivememberofCroatianStandardsInsituteand

nationalexpertatCENforthedesignandretrofitofbridges.KeynoteTalk3:ElectromagneticFieldoftheGPRDipoleAntenna–FrequencyandTimeDomainAnalysis

DraganPoljakAbstract

ThegoaloftheLectureistoreviewthemethodsfortheassessmentofthetransientfieldradiatedbythegroundpenetratingradar(GPR)dipoleantennaabovealossyground.Theanalysisofthefieldreflectedfromtheinterface,andthefieldtransmittedintothelossygroundiscarriedoutinthefrequencyandtimedomain, respectively. The frequency domain (FD) formulation is based on the Pocklington integro-differentialequationwhilethedirecttimedomain(TD)approachisbasedontheHallenintegralequationapproach.ThecorrespondingintegralequationsforthecurrentdistributionalongthewirearenumericallysolvedbymeansoftheFDandTDvariantoftheGalerkin-BubnovschemeoftheIndirectBoundaryElementMethod (GB-IBEM), respectively. Provided that the current distribution along the dipole is known, therelatedreflected/transmittedelectricfieldsarecomputedfromcertainintegralformulasbyusingtheFDandTD boundary element procedures, as well. Some illustrative computational examples are presentedthroughoutthelecture.


Bio

DraganPoljakwasbornon10October1965.HereceivedhisBScin1990,hisMScin1994andPhDinelectricalengineeringin1996fromtheUniversityofSplit,Croatia.HeistheFullProfessoratDepartmentofElectronics,Facultyofelectricalengineering,mechanicalengineering and naval architecture at the University of Split, and he is also AdjunctProfessoratWessexInstituteofTechnology.Hisresearchinterestsincludefrequencyandtimedomaincomputationalmethods inelectromagnetics,particularly inthenumericalmodellingofwireantennastructures,andnumericalmodellingappliedtoenvironmentalaspects of electromagnetic fields. To date Professor Poljak has published nearly 200journal and conference papers in the area of computational electromagnetics, seven

authoredbooksandoneeditedbook,byWITPress,Southampton-Boston,andonebookbyWiley,NewJersey.ProfessorPoljakisamemberofIEEE,amemberoftheEditorialBoardofthejournalEngineeringAnalysiswithBoundaryElements,andco-chairmanofmanyWITInternationalConferences.HeisalsoeditoroftheWITPressSeriesAdvancesinElectricalEngineeringandElectromagnetics.Hewasawardedbyseveralprizesforhiscarrierachievements,suchasNationalPrizeforScience(2004),CroationsectionofIEEEannualAward(2016).In2011professorPoljakbecameamemberofWITBordofDirectors.From2011to2015hewastheVice-deanforresearchattheFacultyofelectricalengineering,mechanicalengineeringandnavalarchitecture.InJune2013professorPoljakbecameamemberoftheboardoftheCroatianScienceFoundation.Heiscurrentlyinvolvedin3COSTprojects,ITERphysicsEUROfusioncollaborationandonenationalcenterforexcellenceinresearchfor technical sciences. He is a co-chair of Working Group 2 of IEEE/International Committee onElectromagneticSafety(ICES)TechnicalCommittee95SC6EMFDosimetryModeling.

KeynoteTalk4:ABriefOverviewofHorizon2020

AleksandraBanićAbstract

The largest and most ambitious EU research and innovation programme ever, will present thestructureandcycleofcallsaswellasthetypicalproposalstructure.Highlightingitsmostchallengingpartsandfocusingonthegeneralevaluationcriteria,interpretationoftheproposalrequirementswillfollowthepaththroughtheoperationalprocedureofcomposingthesoundproposal.ParticipantsareinvitedtosendquestionstillJune1,2018toabanic@unist.hrincaseofinterestinspecificsregardingthetopic.Bio

AleksandraBanić,MEcon, acting as aHeadof theOffice for Projects and TechnologyTransferattheUniversityofSplit,haseighteenyears’experience,outofwhichnineinthescienceandhighereducationsector.Uptonowadays,hasbeeninvolvedinmorethan20EUfundedprojectsindifferentprogrammesandfunds.Herroleinprojectsvariesfromprojectadministrativeassistantandexpertassistanttoprojectcoordinator.Inthelastsixyears, she acts as an institutional LCP and activememberof EURAXESSnetwork.Herexperienceisenrichedwithorganisationofandparticipationinvariousandnumerous,Croatianandinternationalstafftrainings,workshopsandconferencesamongwhichshe

organisedandledseveralstafftrainingsinthedomainoforganisationandmanagementofprojectsupportoffices at universities. Future interests include further specialisation in administration, management,communicationofEUfundedprojectsandpublicrelationsofscienceinstitutions,whichistheareaofherresearchattheFacultyofEconomics,UniversityofSplit.


KeynoteTalk5:CollaborativeInnovationMythonMicroScaleTestGoranPavlov

Abstract

Innovationcannotbecollaborative, it is theprivatepropertyof individuals.Theresearchprocess,however,dependsoncollaboration.Thesetwoaremixedbutverydifferent.Collaborationcanbemeasuredandguaranteedwhileinnovationcannot.Thepresentationcoversthebasicconceptsofcollaborativeopeninnovationnetworkorganizationsandtalksaboutkeystakeholderroles:researchorganizations,R&Dcompanies,largeenterprises,investorsandothersupporting organizations in innovation to market process. The half-hour talk will provide insights onnetworkingpossibilitiestroughIRIinnovationclustersbackedupwithrealR&Dprojectsuccessstories,aswellasmostthecommoncollaborationpitfalls.Bio

GoranPavlovisaprojectmanagerandbusinessconsultantwithextensiveexperienceinproject fundraising for thebusiness sector,public researchsectorandNGOs.Thetopics of his technical expertise are: Electronics, Energetics and InformationTechnology. As one of the founders and lead coordinator of the national openinnovation cluster "IRI Cluster", his main professional focus is set on innovation inscience and technology, best practice implementation, R&D project fund raising,intellectualpropertyandbusinessdevelopment.

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