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Green Roofs: A Part of Green Infrastructure Strategy for Urban AreasThomas P. O’ConnorUrban Watershed Management Branch Edison, New Jersey
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Office of Research and Development July 31, 2013
Summary of PresentationSummary of Presentation• Brief Background• Extensive RoofsExtensive Roofs• Benefits• EPA Literature
Effect of Development onEffect of Development on Water Balance
New Sweden Colony in AmericaNew Sweden Colony in AmericaBridgeton, New JerseyRecreated farmstead 350th Anniversary of the New Sweden Colony in America
11 Acre Green Roof in GermanyRetains 90-95% Runoff
Green roof types
• Intensive roofs, designed for plant growth d (> 6 i ) il fil f b h t d– deep (> 6 in) soil profile for bushes, trees and grasses
• Extensive roofs, designed to drainShallow (< 6 in) soilless media comprised of– Shallow (< 6 in) soilless media comprised of expanded clay, shale or slate
– Plants: Stone crop (e.g. Sedums, Delosperma) p ( g , p )Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) plants - take in carbon dioxide from atmosphere at night. Photosynthesis in water limited environments withPhotosynthesis in water limited environments with minimal water loss by plant.
– Mat, trays or landscaped (built in place)
Profile of typical green roof system
Rolled mat green roof system
Rolled mat green roof system
Con Edison Training Facility, Queens, NYTray or modular green roof system, walkway to left
Region 8 Green Roof, Denver, COTray or modular green roof system, solar panels to left of picture
Region 8 Green Roof, Denver, COTray or modular green roof system, irrigation required
Region 8 Green Roof, Denver, COArea of green roof: 20,000 ft2
Plant plugs Plugs can be planted in both tray and landscape green roof systems; cuttings are also used in landscaped systems
Emory Knolls Farm, Maryland
Friends Center, Philadelphia, PA Landscaped roof system
Friends Center, Philadelphia, PA Landscaped roof system
Friends Center, Philadelphia, PA
Green Roof with Monitoring EquipmentGreen Roof with Monitoring
Green Roof with Monitoring Equipment November 2003Equipment
June 2005
Relative Percentage Runoff to Retentionto Retention
Precipitation and Runoff from Green and Flat Asphalt Roofs on August 16 2005Asphalt Roofs on August 16, 2005
From “Reducing Urban Heat Islands” (EPA)From Reducing Urban Heat Islands (EPA)
From “Reducing Urban Heat Islands” (EPA)
Benefits of Green RoofsBenefits of Green Roofs• Stormwater control • Temperature reductionTemperature reduction• Protection of roof membrane• Buffering of acid rain• Aesthetics• Ecosystem improvement • Noise reduction• Urban Heat Island
Region 8 Green Roof, Denver, COFlowering plants attracted a bee
EPA Resources
• Reducing Urban Heat Islands: Compendium of Strategies Green RoofsStrategies Green Roofs http://www.epa.gov/hiri/resources/pdf/GreenRoofsCompendium.pdfEvaluation of Green Roof Plants and Materials for• Evaluation of Green Roof Plants and Materials for Semi-Arid Climateshttp://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPURL.cgi?Dockey=P100ECC8 t tC8.txt
• Green Roofs for Stormwater Runoff Control http://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPURL.cgi?Dockey=P10037p p p g y g y04.txt