green manifesto for hyderabad

7/23/2019 Green Manifesto for Hyderabad

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Green Manifesto for Hyderabad

Authored by Dr. D. Narasimha Reddy, [email protected]; 2!" #age !

Manifesto for Hyderabad

Hyderabad is a cosmopolitan city with a population as varied as Indian population. Hyderabad citywas once considered as the city of Baghs (gardens) and was considered as the pride of Deccan.

Presently, the problems in Hyderabad and multiple factors, which cause them, are bewildering.

Population in the capital city of Hyderabad increased in leaps and bounds, in the past four decades.

This city has six universities. There was a time when this city was called a science city, now it is hitech

city, but the quality of city management does not reflect these acronyms.

Transformation in Hyderabad urban management can be achieved by promoting the development of

an able leadership, dynamic administrative machinery and effective citizenry, which adheres to the

principles of sustainable development. This requires the development of relationship between

different sectors in terms of action and programmes.

The principle of cooperation and partnership, sustainability, is a shared responsibility. Cooperation and

partnership between different levels, organizations and interests is therefore crucial. Sustainable

management is a learning process, within which learning by doing, sharing experiences, professional

education and training, cross-disciplinary working, partnerships and networks, community consultation

and participation, innovative educational mechanisms and awareness raising are key elements.

Sustainable urban management addresses the problems both caused and experienced by cities,recognizing that cities themselves provide many potential solutions, instead of shifting problems to

other spatial levels or shifting them to future generations. The organizational patterns and

administrative systems of municipalities should adopt a holistic approach of ecosystems thinking.

Integration, cooperation, homeostasis, subsidiarity and synergy are key concepts for management

towards urban sustainability. People should be made part of this process. Existing tools developed in

relation to environmental action need to be extended to address the economic and social dimensions of

sustainability.

Sustainable management of natural resources requires an integrated approach to closing the cycles ofnatural resources, energy and waste within cities. The objectives of such an approach should include

minimizing consumption of natural resources, especially non-renewable and slowly renewable ones;

minimizing production of waste by reusing and recycling wherever possible; minimizing pollution of

air, soil and waters; and increasing the proportion of natural areas and biodiversity in cities. These

objectives are often easier to achieve on a small scale, which is why local ecological cycles can be ideal

for introducing more sustainable policies for urban systems. Local government therefore plays a

crucial role.


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Authored by Dr. D. Narasimha Reddy, [email protected]; 2!" #age 2

Spatial planning systems are essential for the implementation of city-wide policies for sustainable

development. Existing spatial planning systems should be strengthened by encouraging ecologically-

based approaches and a move away from a narrow land use focus. The identification of environmentalobjectives at an early stage in the planning process, the use of targets and indicators, improved forms of

public involvement in planning and the potential linkage of spatial planning and Local Agenda 21

processes are encouraged. Environmental carrying capacities at local, regional and global level should

be accepted as the guiding principles within which other considerations may be traded off.

Urban regeneration should be used to meet goals of sustainable development through the recycling of

previously developed land or existing buildings, the retention of green field sites and protection of

countryside and wildlife. Detailed sustainability objectives, including the establishment of ecological

links, improved accessibility, energy efficiency and concern in many urban regeneration projects,should be seen as part of an integrative approach which provides the possibility for achieving cross-

subsidy between sites.

Tourism and leisure activities can have significant impacts on the quality of a citys cultural heritage.

Planning for tourism, leisure and cultural heritage should be integrated in national guidelines and

regional policies addressing economic, social, environmental and cultural aspects. In additional,

tourism, leisure and cultural heritage issues should form an integral part of the spatial planning process.

The sustainable city process is about creativity and change. It challenges traditional government

responses and seeks new institutional and organising capacities and relationships. This report and its

recommendations represent a contribution to this dynamic process, to be refined and consolidated as

the Sustainable Cities Project progresses.

Addressing Motivational Factors

Attempts at collaboration and partnership are often hampered due to an apparent reluctance on the part

of key interest groups to get involved. What often seems to be a lack of interest and inertia, is in fact a

reaction from the public to the intractability of environmental problems and the impenetrability of

many institutions to outside influence. An integrated environmental management process musttherefore explicitly address motivational factors.

The factors which motivate involvement are specific to the context and much will depend on the

mechanisms used to facilitate this involvement. There are, however, a number of general criteria:


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Authored by Dr. D. Narasimha Reddy, [email protected]; 2!" #age $

Develop solutions from the bottom-up rather than imposing predetermined programmes from the top;

Relate sustainability issues to aspects of local life; Emphasis the difference that each person can make,

both in causing the problems and contributing to the solutions; Outline a vision of the possible - the

benefits to be gained from moving towards a sustainable society. If one approach does not work, thenadopt an alternative strategy, but do not give up.

Policy option: encourage involvement by being open and transparent in process; use mechanisms that

encourage active participation.

The principal tools can be

City-wide environmental statements and charters

City-wide environmental strategies or action plans Local Agenda 21 strategies

Environmental budgeting

Environmental impact assessment

Strategic environmental assessment.

The development and implementation of city-wide environmental strategies and action plans require

effective community participation and partnership mechanisms, as called for in the Local Agenda 21

programme.

Initiatives For Problem Solving

Natural resource usage, including energy, human, water, land and ecological, should be

through cyclical systems. Technology, finance, institutions, skills and capacities have to be

tuned and modified to suit these cyclical systems.

Every house, residence or building should be a production cum conservation centre,

and move away gradually from consumption-only facilities and activities.

Governance and decision-making framework in Hyderabad needs radical changes, including thefollowing:

i.

Limiting HMDA to planning functionalities

ii. Strengthening Area sabhas and Ward committees

iii. Recognising Nagar Panchayats and Gram panchayats

iv.

Enabling decentralized decision-making

v.

Merging Hyderabad Metro Water and Sewerage Board into GHMC


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vi.

All other government departments should be part of GHMC structure

Improvement of all infrastructural facilities like roads, electricity and drainage systems in

industrial areas.

Establishment of primary pollution treatment facilities is the need and individual industries

would be persuaded by all means to do so as early as possible.

Cycle and mass transportation are the twin answers for many urban ills, in Hyderabad. Bicycle

highways have to be created in the city, through innovation and gap filling.

Two separate parallel water lines would be laid. One for drinking water and the other for non-

potable water. Drinking water pipeline needs to be made of sturdy non-corrosive material. Thisprovision enables water supply authorities to deal efficiently with the needs and contingencies

in a better way.

Existing parks and open spaces would be declared as community property in order to prevent

encroachment. These places serve as rain water percolation points for ground water recharge.

Government itself is guilty of misutilizing them; construction of Telugu University in the

Public Gardens is one such example. Bagh Lingampally, once a tamarind grove, is now full of

concrete structures. Unless the existing lung spaces are preserved and provide for more,

Hyderabad will continue to be under the grip of carbon monoxide and other pollutants.

Solid discards (waste) should be segregated, reused or recycled to the maximum extent at the

generation level. At worst, they can be aggregated at community, street or colony levels. Solid

discards should not be aggregated to massive scales.

The problem of solid waste can be reduced by promoting reuse, recycling or reclamation of

materials, stimulate employment and result in savings of raw materials. Composting of

biodegradable land waste can support urban agriculture.

Since the GHMC lacks the resource to collect household and other wastes regularly, it can

support community-based schemes. The GHMC and government have to recognize the

potential of the informal sector in garbage management and would include them in all of their

waste disposal schemes.


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Authored by Dr. D. Narasimha Reddy, [email protected]; 2!" #age "

Food waste generation in hotels, canteens and other mass eating places should be discouraged

by appropriate administrative instruments.

Financial institutions and government would encourage community-based ground waterpumping systems rather than finance individual households. In a given area, indiscriminate bore

well digging means quick drying of ground water resource. A community based bore well

system while saving on investment also eliminates the possibility of indiscriminate use of

water.

Tank bund would be closed for all vehicular movement. For the residents of Hyderabad, the

only relief can be in parks, Nawbhat Pahad and tank bund. As a plausible solution, this ban

would be on Saturdays and Sundays and during morning and evening on all days. More such

places have to be declared, across Hyderabad.

Suburbs and fringe areas would be developed to be more attractive and livable particularly of

four national highways touching Hyderabad in all aspects like augmenting the road network and

transport facilities, establishment of retail market centers, schools, hospitals, hotels and other

infrastructural facilities. This would relieve pressure on the dense inner-city area. Modern

communication systems can provide further incentives.

Proper zoning system of residential, industrial and commercial area needs to be followed

strictly.

GHMC should promote research studies on problems of Hyderabad to bring out causes, which

can help in chalking out specific, and time bound schemes. All universities and research

institutions can take up a comprehensive project with each institution concentrating on a

particular aspect.

Hazardous industries like pharma industries, Nuclear Fuel Complex have to be shifted out of

the city. Hazardous storage facilities also need to be shifted out.

All tanks, in and around Hyderabad (especially, Hussainsagar), have to be insulated from

garbage, sewage and encroachment. They would be developed as entertainment centers.

River Musi has to be preserved for ecological reasons, as also for historical and aesthetic

reasons. Government would immediately constitute a separate authority for all river basins in

the State, and in that context, particularly, for River Musi covering its entire stretch, from

catchment area to the drainage basin.


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Authored by Dr. D. Narasimha Reddy, [email protected]; 2!" #age &

Citizens involvement and community participation is a must to evolve norms, codes or

procedures to curb noise pollution. As a first step, vulnerable areas like hospitals, schools and

religious places have to be identified.

Neighborhood schools can be the modern version rallying point of the communities of erstwhile

village centers where all information is shared, problems discussed and acceptable solutions are

arrived at. These schools by their very concept transcend all barriers - language, caste, and

creed, religious and economic. This concept can be the basis for urban villages within the city.

Vertical growth of the city, on the face of it, looks inevitable. But in this modern era of

sophisticated communication facilities like computers, telecommunications, it need not be

inevitable. Development of satellite townships and segregation of industrial, residential andcommercial activities equipped with modern facilities can rid urbanities of the drudgery of

apartment living.

Removal of Encroachments and Resettlement

GHMC would assess its own role in the encroachment of the water bodies and account for

its/its officials (individually) mistakes and policy paralysis. Such an assessment can prevent

future recurrence of such erroneous permissions and projects.

GHMC would review its own procedural behaviour and rectify its governance process. GHMC

would first remove all encroachments, of nalas, tanks and community lands, done by its own

departments and, the big real estate business to establish its credibility and commitment.

GHMC would identify all the public lands (in the inner city and on the outskirts) and notify

them as areas for housing for poor people.

Resettlement of the people would be taken into consideration all socio-economic and

humanitarian considerations. Alternative housing sites have to be in the vicinity of

displacement to the extent possible like DBR Mills, Musheerabad Central Jail, Azamabad

industrial area and other public lands.

GHMC would follow all the procedures laid down by the Relief and Rehabilitation policy

developed by the Planning Commission. The entire resettlement process has to be with and only

upon the consent of the people, individually and collectively.


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Authored by Dr. D. Narasimha Reddy, [email protected]; 2!" #age '

GHMC would create a Resettlement Fund, to be financed from taxes/levies paid by the

evictees. This is also necessary as safeguard against fund diversions, for whatever reasons.

Displaced persons should be:

o Compensated for their losses at full replacement cost prior to the actual move;

o Assisted with the move and supported during the transition period in the resettlement

site.

o Assisted in their efforts to improve their former living standards, income earning

capacity, and production levels, or at least to restore them.

People's right to participate in decisions that determine their future would be incorporated.

Address the issue of identifying and assessing value of economic, social and cultural resources

affected and appropriately compensating for the losses.

Water

Sharing of water, between various needs, various regions and various settlements, has to be

done amicably and equally. This requires, primarily, knowledge and information on water

resources. People need to be aware of such a situation. Widespread knowledge will help in

minimizing water conflicts, and probably lead to more equitable sharing of water resources.

Water-oriented Development Planand permit system would be developed in Hyderabad.

Water conservation should be the priority.

There should be a annual Water Status Report on Hyderabad, developed and presented for

discussion in State Legislature

Area sabha-based water management and distribution plans should be developed and

implemented through consolidation at the city level

A special Actshould be brought out to protect all surface water sources such as cheruvus and

kuntas, even while rain water harvesting methods are encouraged through various policy

instruments.

Ground water withdrawal would be regulated.

Waste Water should be recycled through legal and administrative measures. Commercial

buildings, hotels and restaurants would have to undertake double plumbing and recycling

systems to achieve this.

Rainwater harvesting systems have to be established by every home, and building. GHMC

would create a Rs.500 crore fund to administer this scheme.


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Authored by Dr. D. Narasimha Reddy, [email protected]; 2!" #age (

Electricity

Green buildings have to be encouraged. Natural light usage in buildings and residential places

have to be maximized.

Solar power systems should be installed by every building. Progressively, Hyderabad should

become dependent on solar energy with annual targets in capacity addition.

Building materials have to be changed, recyclable and sustainable. They should be

environment-friendly. A city-wide building materials policy should be developed.

Open Space Policy

Open and public space policy and regulations have to be developed. Open zone should beprotected and violations (by officials and non-officials) should be severely punished.

Public land earmarked for recreational activities but encroached must be reclaimed

immediately.

Regenerate and protect trees, tank and tank bunds.

Playgrounds should be used only for sporting activities, nothing else.

A comprehensive open-space policy must be framed on a war-footing because living conditions

for most Hyderabadis have deteriorated in terms of light, air and a healthy environment.

Vitamin D deficiency is rampant. Shoddy planning, haphazard construction and unabated

encroachment of public spaces have robbed citizens of a decent quality of life. On an average,

in Hyderabad, 18,780 people live per sq. km, more than 45,000 people are cramped into everysq km in Mumbai, while Singapore (population 5 million) has a ratio of 7,300 people per sq

km.

With a population of 70 lakhs, Hyderabad requires atleast 28,000 acres of open space, in the

form of playgrounds and parks.

Open space is shrinking by the day (international norm is 4 acres for 1,000 people). London has

12 acres, Singapore 6 acres and New York has about 4 acres per 1,000 people. Ever since, as

the population increased, large swathes of land reserved for public amenities have been used for

construction. This must stop.

Public Health

As health encompasses sanitation, garbage disposal and drainage system as well as open space

and town planning, there is a greater need now than ever before to incorporate health planning

into every aspect of civic planning.


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Authored by Dr. D. Narasimha Reddy, [email protected]; 2!" #age )

Only then can age-old ailments such as malaria, dengue and cholera be wiped out. Expenditure

on health by GHMC in Hyderabad is very low. There is no comprehensive view on health of a

city resident. Universal health care is required. With supply of safe and adequate water, more

than 50 percent residents can overcome common ailments. Children, women, old and poor

people need good nutritious food and water. Their health should be the primary concern of

Hyderabad.

Air and water pollution prevention strategies have to be developed and implemented.

Food quality monitoring needs to be improved. Residents of Hyderabad are increasingly

becoming ill because of lack of quality in different kinds of food, including hotels and

restaurants.

Prevention strategies are better.

This is because health care infrastructure in Hyderabad is inadequate, expensive, low qualityand not distributed. It lacks accountability, under-regulated and has no self regulation

mechanisms. Private and public health systems are under-staffed, with low skills.

Public transport

We will build bicycle highways in the city of Hyderabad.

In the next three years, atleast 1,500 new ordinary buses with better seating, leg space and

efficient suspension are sorely needed. New buses have to be continuously added every year.

TSRTC in Hyderabad has 3,500 buses, which transport 34 lakh passengers daily, hasdeteriorated over years. With its merger in GHMC, hopefully, services should improve. Air-

conditioned buses suffer frequent breakdowns and most of them are in poor shape, because they

are fuel inefficient. Negotiating a bumper-to-bumper traffic by these big buses is a challenge in

itself.

We will reduce taxes on Road Transport Corporation, and will take all efforts to reduce the cost

burden, and decrease bus ticket charges.

Special women and girls only buses will be increased to atleast 200 buses.

In the next three years, we will add an additional 500 bus stops and atleast 100 bus depots in the

city.

More number of bus depots are needed. Full maintenance and repair facilities have to be made

available in every depot, including daily cleaning of buses. Bus depots are overcrowded.

MMTS railway service requires augmentation and support. A dedicated line, along the existing

railway track, in the city, should be helpful in increasing services. We will expand and improve


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Authored by Dr. D. Narasimha Reddy, [email protected]; 2!" #age !

MMTS services by laying new parallel track to existing railway tracks in Hyderabad and

addition of coaches and daily services in the next one year.

We will create atleast 50 no-vehicle zones, in commercial and entertainment areas, to be usedonly by pedestrians in the city in the next three years. Progressively, we will create two such

zones in every ward of the city of Hyderabad.

We will link Hyderabad with surrounding district centres, with a dedicated railway line. this

line would be used to operate frequent, cheap and regular train services for passengers and

small entrepreneurs, including vegetable, food and other goods suppliers.

Sewerage Systems

Sewer water should be segregated and used to the maximum extent at the generation level.

With increasing density of population, in the same area, sewer systems are continuously under

strain requiring frequently scale upgradations. Sewer nalas width has shrunk due to

encroachments, are silted and under-maintained. Encroachments of sewer canals have only

increased, in the last 15 years. Many are so densely surrounded that it is almost impossible to

enforce law and widen them. Even in new areas, sewer system is improperly designed, with

frequent disruptions and random connections to the main lines.

Sewer Cess fees collected should be separately accounted, and expended only for purposes

related to sewerage.

Permissions and approval mechanisms

Immediately scrap GO No.10, dt.5

thJanuary, 2016,which deletes mandatory provision for

Economically-weaker Sections and Low Income Group Housing reservations in layout

development plans, under various Master Plans related to Hyderabad.

Hyderabad expansion, and Master Plans, would be discussed and approved in State Legislature.

Before, people in the area would be consulted.

Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority would be relegated to only planning function,

and would include subject experts in its Executive Board.

A social audit of Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority (HMDA), Greater

Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC) and Hyderabad Metro Water Works and Sewerage

Board (HMWSSB) ,and all the 7 Master Plans, would be done, and the reports would be

discussed in State Legislature, relevant Area sabhas and Gram sabhas and GHMC Council.

We will provide Rs.10 crores to strengthen the working of Area sabhas and Ward Committees.

A Ward office, with all facilities, would be opened all the 150 wards. There will be a single

window system for all registrations, certificates and approvals.


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Authored by Dr. D. Narasimha Reddy, [email protected]; 2!" #age !!

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green manifesto for hyderabad

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