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DATA COMMUNICATIONS AND

NETWORKINGGreen Communication Networks

Najwa Binti Isak

!acu"t# o$ E"ectrica" En%ineerin% an&Com'uter En%ineerin%

(BENT )*+*,najwa-isak.#mai"/com

Abstract Use of telecommunications has developed in

recent years and will continue to expand as developing

country until the wires as choice communications medium

Telecommunications world now only handling

environmental impact that is apparent it created and cost

that is extraordinary in power consumption. This

awareness has led to push towards Green Communication

that strives to enhance energy efficiency and

telecommunication energy freedom. A study metric that is

present for energy efficiency discussed with certain

adaptation for communication base on views[!. "ecently

wor# review progress energy efficiency are made at

certain point in communication cycle such as component$

networ# operation and topology$ and combine renewed

and alternative energy to base station[%!. &'m also

surveyed a few holistic approaches which effect reliance

between communication layers and operation(deployment.This approaches including design cross layers and wireless

computing circulated [)!.

Index Terms0 green communications$ wireless and

energy efficiency.

I/ INTRODUCTION

Te c"as 1etween te two streams is not necessari"#ine2ita1"e3 increasin% ener%# costs an& te ra'i& %rowt o$

consumer communications3 e"& an ur%ent nee& to a&&ress te&e2e"o'ment o$ e$$icient communication in terms o$ ener%#

'ro&uction/ Ce""u"ar network is te 1i%%est $actor in accountin%

$or te en2ironmenta" im'act o$ te in&ustr# to mo2e'ro&uction $rom te 1usiness sector an& estimate&te"ecommunication 1etween 4/56 789 an& *6 car1on trackin%

wor"&wi&e 7(9/ Wi"e tat &oes not soun& im'ortant3 teseriousness o$ te rea" issues $rom te 'ers'ecti2e o$ te more

si%ni$icant ener%# costs/ In some o$ te te"ecommunicationsmarket3 te costs associate& wit ener%# e:'"aine& 1# a"$

$rom one mo1i"e o'erator to an o'eratin% e:'ense 7;3 59/Ener%# e:'ectation tat suc costs can 1e increase& to tree

times in te ne:t se2en #ears is a 1i% cause o$ concern/ 789More recent"#3 te term STEMARC=ITECTURE

!i%ure *? Te im'ro2in% ener%# $or Green Communication Network

!or a 1etter un&erstan&in%3 as sown in !i%ure *3 to

inte%rate a"" as'ects o$ im'ro2in% ener%# e$$icienc#trou%out te entire "i$e c#c"e an& to in2esti%ate te

re"ationsi' amon% te tra&itiona" "a#ers se'arate"#/ Tise$$ort wi"" 1ene$it te a''"ication o$ co%niti2e ra&io tecni@ues

to create awareness to te situation o$ te %ri& communicationnetworks wit more an& a&a'ti2e 'ower contro" an& 'ro'ose a

'ara&i%m $or &istri1ute& com'utin% to coor&inate in&i2i&ua"communication stations in te s#stem area o$ te wo"e

$ramework/

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!i%ure 8? Te $ie"& o$ Wire"essin Green Communication Network

In Te !ie"& O$ Wire"ess3 De2ices Connecte& To Eacrocess Or "ant E@ui'ment/ Tis De2ice Is Known AsWire"ess=ART De2ices Wit Bui"tIn Or E:istin% Insta""e&

=ARTEna1"e& De2ices Suita1"e !or Suc Wire"ess=ARTAttace& To It/ Gatewa#s Ena1"e Communication Between

De2ices An& =ost A''"ications Connecte& To Te =i%S'ee& Back1one Or Oter E:istin% "ant Communications

Network/ As A Network Mana%er3 It Is Res'onsi1"e !orCon$i%urin% Te Network3 Sce&u"in% Communications

Between De2ices3 Mana%in% Messa%e Routes3 An&Monitorin% Te =ea"t O$ Te Network/ Network Mana%er

Can Be Inte%rate& Into te Gatewa#3 =ost Automation

Contro""er3 A''"ication or rocess Automation Contro""er/

Eac De2ice In Te Mes Network Can Ser2e As ARouter !or Messa%es !rom Oter De2ices/ In Oter Wor&s3 A

De2ice Nee& Not Communicate Direct"# To A Door3 But On"#!orwar& Te Messa%e To Te Ne:t C"osest De2ice/ Tis

E:ten&s Te Ran%e O$ Te Network An& ro2i&es Re&un&antCommunication ats Increase Re"ia1i"it#/

Network Mana%ers Set E:cessi2e Routes Base& Onatenc#3 E$$icienc# An& Re"ia1i"it#/ To Ensure Re&un&ant

Routes Remain O'en An& Not O1structe&3 ContinuousMessa%es Inter2a" Between Re&un&ant ats/ As A Resu"t3

Suc As Te Internet3 I$ A Messa%e Cannot Reac ItsDestination B# A ane3 It Is Automatica""# Route& Back To

!o""ow A We"" Renowne& Re&un&ant ats Wit No Dataoss/

Net Desi%n A"so Makes A&&in% Or Mo2in% Sim'"e Too"s/As on% As A De2ice Is In Te Oter Ran%es In Te

Network3 It Can Communicate/

Because O$ te !"e:i1i"it# to Meet Di$$erent Usa%e

Con&itions3 Wire"ess=ART Stan&ar& Su''orts Mu"ti'"eDis'atc Meto&s Inc"u&in% OneWa# u1"isin% rocess an&

Contro" a"ues3 S'ontaneous Noti$ication B# E:ce'tion3 A&=oc Re@uest + Res'onse3 An& Auto Se%mente& B"ock

Trans$er &ata sets are %reat/ Tese ca'a1i"ities a""ow

communications to 1e reser2e& to te re@uirements o$ tea''"ication wit re&ucin% an& o2erea& 'ower usa%e/

III/ AICATIONS

In tis re'ort3 te &e$inition o$ Green Communications is ane$$ort to re&uce ener%# costs wi"e sti"" maintainin% ua"it# o$

Ser2ice )oS, re@uirements in terms o$ co2era%e3 ca'acit# an&nee&s/ Wen com'arin% te &esi%n o$ te s#stem an&

im'ro2ements in ener%# e$$icienc# com'onent o$ %reenouse%as re&uctions a"one are not su$$icient 7F9/ Ne2erte"ess3 'ower

consum'tion is one o$ te core $actors in e$$ort to re&uces#stem car1on e$$ect in e2er# o'eration3 we a"so recommen&e&

tat e2er# metric wic nee& taken into consi&eration in usa%e

interna" ener%# e2er# o'eration use&/

Wat a1out im'ro2ements in te 'ro'er or&er as 1roa&e$$ort inter'rete& in a wa# tat accurate"# re$"ects te sa2in%s

acie2e& o'u"ar metric is 'rotecte& "on% es'ecia""# wen$ocusin% on te measurement o$ te 'ower consum'tion o$ te

s#stem 7H9/ A O

SCRO

IS

consistent wit te nee& to consi&erener%# e$$icienc#/ It is &i$$icu"t 1ut it is 'ossi1"e tat te most

im'ortant task wen it is re"ate& to %reen to measure tee$$ecti2eness o$ communication an& an a"ternati2e a''roac//

In most cases3 tere is a $actor in terms o$ 'ower an& ener%#

tat is o$ten misuse& intercan%ea1"#/

I/ ISSUES+C=AENGES

Unti" now3 tere are te $ew Ra&io Access Tecno"o%ies

)mice, tat a2e 1een use& in a manner consistent3 to meet anee& in te &i$$erent ser2ices in te same area eac an& 'ro2i&e

mu"tiRAT an&o2ers/ =owe2er3 tis so"ution as man# o$ itsown network '"annin% an& resource mana%ement meto&s/ In

our meto&3 tere is te same network as te &esi%n %oa" o$wic is to o'timie te s#stem ca'acit# an& co2era%e wi"e

meetin% te oS re@uirements o$ eiter t#'e o$ communicationa''"ications in 2er# &i$$erent scenarios3 in terms o$ major

macro $or $em to ce""s $or its &i$$erent en2ironment/ Tis

so"ution as 1een o'timie& $or a s#stem o$ i% "oa& o'eratin%'oint/ =owe2er3 te most o$ te time te s#stem as 1een o$$

"oa&e&/ Recent"# tere was an ori%ina" e$$ort $or joint

mana%ement o$ mu"tiRAT tecno"o%# tat $ocuses on tenorma" ca'acit# an& co2era%e o'timiation 789/ Te joint e$$ort

1# tese is not inc"u&e consi&eration o$ te IEEE an& wi"" notnecessari"# resu"t in o'tima" use or 'er$ormance $rom te 'oint

o$ 2iew o$ ener%# consum'tion/

/ STANDARDSREATEDWIT=T=ETOIC

Te e"ectronics in&ustr# as 1een 'ut as a matter o$im'ortance $or im'ro2in% ener%# e$$icienc# trou% a more

narrow"# $ocuse& 'ro%rams an& te "ack o$ %ui&ance '"annin%

1oar&/ !or e:am'"e3 two in&ustr# a""iances3 te Si"iconInte%ration Initiati2e an& "a# narrow $ocus an& "ack o$

&irection in te '"annin% area/ !or e:am'"e3 two in&ustr#

a""iances3 te Si"icon Inte%ration Initiati2e an& te ower!orwar& Initiati2e su''orts "ow 'ower &esi%ns3 wi"e te

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major IT com'anies &ea"in% wit com'uter 'ower inter$ace

759/ A"tou% "ar%e te"ecommunications 'ro2i&ers suc aso&a$one as wi&es'rea& 'romise to re&uce car1on emissions

1# 546 7F9 on"# to see an increase in teir actua" use 1#

a"most *H6 7;9/

Green Awar& winner tis #ear at te con$erence G"o1a"

Mo1i"e is a ser2ice 'ro2i&er tat use& renewa1"e ener%#resource risk "ow $or o$$ %ri& 1ase station 7J9/ Te

te"ecommunications in&ustr# as on"# recent"# taken te'osition in a&&ressin% re%u"ator# %reen communication3 1ut

ere too tere is a sortsi%te& 2ision wit "itt"e $ocus on aninter&isci'"inar# a''roac an& tecnica" ri%or 7F9/ Te

Euro'ean A""iance3 844J in news"etter 're$erence "ist o$ emo1i"it# researc $ocus as new materia"s3 ener%# e$$icient

ra&io3 an& a more $"e:i1"e 1usiness mo&e"L 7H9/

Des'ite tese e$$orts &emonstrate a commitment to te

2ision o$ %reen communication3 i%risk+i% rewar&strate%ic 2isionar# e$$ort re@uire&/ Moreo2er3 in teir 844H

re'ort3 CAST as i&enti$ie& as a 'riorit# te nee& too2ercome te tra&itiona" &esi%n 'i"oso'# associate& wit

te inte%ration o$ c#1er an& '#sica" s#stems 7J9/ Tis

'ara&i%m si$t &irect"# corre"ates wit an em'asis on Green

Communications on cross "a#er &esi%n ana"#sis tat 1in&to%eter te '#sica" "a#er an& me&ium access "a#er o$ te

network/ Te Nationa" Science !oun&ation as recent"# aske&$or recommen&ations in te $ie"& o$ C#1er #sica" S#stems

7(93 owe2er3 more em'asis as 1een '"ace& on te mainteme areas suc as trans'ortation3 me&ica" s#stems3 $inancia"

an& ener%# researc as a wo"e/

I/ CONCUSIONS

In our e$$ort to use wire"ess tecno"o%# to meet e2er#in&ustria" &eman& is a sure tin%3 1ut tere are some

restrictions to consi&er/ Amon% tem3 te me&ium we usetecno"o%#3 wic use sare& an& &oes not %uarantee te

transmission ca'acit# o$ wire"ess an& ra&io wa2es is a1sor1e&an& re$"ecte& 1# te 1arrier an& tere$ore &oes not in an# case it

is "ike"# 'ossi1"e connections 79/ icense $ree 1an& as on"#"imite& &istance3 as we"" as oter wire"ess s#stems ma# use a

1an& an& make a"" tese issues 1ecome coe:istence 7H9/

ACKNOWEDGMENT

I wou"& "ike to e:'ress m# %ratitu&e an& a''reciation to a""tose wo %a2e me te 'ossi1i"it# to com'"ete tis re'ort/ A

s'ecia" tanks to m# "ecturer o$ Data Communication S#stem3Mr/ A"isa3 wose e"'3 an# su%%estions an& encoura%ement3

e"'e& me to coor&inate m# 'roject es'ecia""# in writin% tis

re'ort/

II/ RE!ERENCES

7*9 Te Wor"& Te"ecommunication+ICT In&icators Data1ase3

Internationa" Te"ecommunications Union3 844H/

789 =/ an%3 Co%niti2e Ra&io $or Green Communications

an& Green S'ectrum3 in CHINACOM3 =an%ou3 Cina3844J/

7(9 P/ T/ oui3 Ener%# e$$icienc# o$ mo&ern ce""u"ar 1asestations3L in Telecommunications Energy Conference,

200!

7;9 P/ Row"e# an& D/ =ai%Tomas3 Unwirin% te "anet Wire"ess Communications an& C"imate Can%e3L inIT"

International #ym$osiums ICT%s and Climate C&ange3on&on3 UK3 844J/

759 S. Fletcher. Green radio-sustainable wirelessnetworks. Mobile VCE Core, 5, February 2009.Online:http:www.!obile"ce.co!dloadspubl!t#2$%&te!'50(.ppt.

7F9 =/ Sistek3 'reen(tec& base stations cut diesel usage by )0$ercent3L 844J/

7H9 Te Wor"& Te"ecommunication+ICT In&icators Data1ase3L

Internationa" Te"ecommunications Union3 844H/

7J9 Ericsson3 'reen *o+er to ring Mobile Tele$&ony toillions of *eo$le3L 844J/ 7On"ine9/ A2ai"a1"e?

tt'?++www/ericsson/com+ericsson+'ress+2i&eos+844J+4J*8*5

%reen'ower/stm"/

79 Core 5 Green Ra&io? ro%ramme O1jecti2es an&

O2er2iew3L resentation $rom Mo1i"e CE/

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