greek mythology. mythology – the telling of stories that usually explained natural events that...
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Greek Mythology
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Greek MythologyGreek Mythology Mythology – the telling of stories that
usually explained natural events that could not be explained through science in ancient times.
These stories were first told orally and were later written.
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TWO NAMES – POWERS SAME
The ancient Romans adopted a great deal of Greek mythology.
Often, they changed the names of the particular gods and goddesses.
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DO MYTHS REALLY MATTER TODAY?
YES!!! References to Greek mythology are all around
us: Ever heard of Nike athletic gear? Nike was
actually a goddess of victory. What would Valentine’s Day be without Cupid?
Cupid, or Eros, is the god of love as the Greeks called him.
Apollo 13 - The first crewed US space missions were named for Apollo, the god of light.
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The WorldThe World
Mount Olympus – towers up from the center of the Earth (where gods live)
Earth – where humans lived, gods visited
Underworld – Kingdom of the dead
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CronusCronus King of the Titans, ruled the
heavens and earth before Zeus
Castrated and killed his father – Uranus (heaven)
Swallowed his children
Children: Zeus, Hera, Hestia, Demeter, Hades, Poseidon
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Zeus – Leader of the Olympian gods King of the gods
Ruler of Mount Olympus He was the god of the
sky, lightning and thunder.
He married Hera, his sister.
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Hera – Wife of Zeus She was the protector of
marriage and motherhood. Zeus and Hera were always
quarreling. Known to be a Jealous wife.
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Hades – god of the underworld
Jealous brother of Zeus and Poseidon.
Wife is Persephone Ruler of the dead Ruler of the underworld
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Poseidon(god of the sea)
Brother of Zeus 2nd most powerful god Caused storms and
earthquakes. He invented the horse
for his sister Demeter, whom he loved.
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Demeter – goddess agriculture Sister of Zeus
She cares for the earth and makes things grow.
Mother of Persephone. Her daughter, Persephone,
was kidnapped by Hades. Responsible for the
changing of the seasons.
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Hestia – goddess of the home Sister of Zeus Represented security and
happiness. Thought to be the kindest
of the goddesses. Mentioned in only a few
stories.
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Apollo – god of light, music and knowledge
He was the twin brother of Artemis and the most handsome of the gods.
He drove his chariot across the sky to pull the sun each day.
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Artemis – goddess of moon, woods, & hunting
Twin sister of Apollo She was a huntress,
who always carried a silver bow and arrows.
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Athena –goddess of wisdom Born full grown out of the head of
Zeus. She was the best-loved goddess
on Olympus. She hated Ares – god of war She taught man to use tools and
taught woman to spin (yarn) and weave.(cloth).
Created the spider
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Hermes – god of mischief and the god of the market (buying and selling)
Messenger of the gods Flew between the
heavens and the earth Guided souls to the
underworld.
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Ares – god of war Loved Aphrodite Provoked conflict Disliked by gods and
mortals. Ironically, he was a
coward, who fled the field of battle.
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Aphrodite - goddess of love and beauty Born in the sea The other goddesses envied her. After all the gods on Mount
Olympus courted her, she married Hephaestus, the ugliest of the gods.
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Hephaestus – god of fireand volcanoes Made weapons and jewelry for the gods and goddesses.Married to AphroditeBorn extremely ugly.Hera, his mother, thought he was so ugly that she threw his off Mt. Olympus crippling him.
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Achilles
Mightiest Greek warrior Son of king and sea
goddess Known for his Achilles
Heel Chose glory in war rather
than a long peaceful life
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Asclepius
Mortal who became the god of healing
Son of Apollo Brought the dead back to life
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Narcissus
Son of a river god and a nymph
Handsome but extremely vain
Fell in love with own reflection
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Heracles (Hercules)
Greek Hero Achieved divinity upon
death Famous for his 12 labors Favorite son of Zeus Hera tried to kill him
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Medusa
Once beautiful maiden turned into a monster
Instead of hair, had live snakes
People who looked at her turned to stone immediately
Cursed by Athena – envious of beauty
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Odysseus
Hero of Homer’s Odyssey
Came up with Trojan Horse
Had to overcome several obstacles
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Prometheus
Titan who joined forces with Zeus
Founder of human race and giver of fire
Chained to a rock, eagle pecked out liver
Liver always grew back
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Iris
Goddess of the Rainbow
Messenger of the gods Often carries
messages for Hera Some legends, she is
the mother of Eros
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Orion
The Hunter, Giant mortal son of
Poseidon and Euryale Killed by Artemis and
then placed among the stars
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Atlas Mythological Titan who competed
with the giants against the Gods in a war
Zeus punished him by making him support the heavens with his shoulders
After Atlas saw the head of Medusa, he was turned into a mountain chain which was believed to have stretched from Africa to Spain until Heracles broke it, thus creating the Pillars of Hercules, in modern geography: Gibraltar.
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Psyche
Greek Goddess of the Soul Psyche started out as a
mortal, but one of exquisite grace and beauty.
Fervently courted by numerous mortal men and gods