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Page 1: Greek Culture. Philosophy Explanation of the nature of the universe Questions of reality and human existence Thales – 1 st philosopher

Greek CultureGreek Culture

Page 2: Greek Culture. Philosophy Explanation of the nature of the universe Questions of reality and human existence Thales – 1 st philosopher

PhilosophyPhilosophy

• Explanation of the nature of the universe

• Questions of reality and human existence

• Thales – 1st philosopher

Page 3: Greek Culture. Philosophy Explanation of the nature of the universe Questions of reality and human existence Thales – 1 st philosopher

Great Athenian Philosophers

Great Athenian Philosophers

$ Socrates

Know thyself!

question everything

only the pursuit of goodnessbrings happiness.

$ Plato

The Academy

The world of the FORMS

The Republic philosopher-king

Page 4: Greek Culture. Philosophy Explanation of the nature of the universe Questions of reality and human existence Thales – 1 st philosopher

Great Athenian Philosophers

Great Athenian Philosophers

$ Aristotle

The Lyceum

Logic.

Scientific method.

Page 5: Greek Culture. Philosophy Explanation of the nature of the universe Questions of reality and human existence Thales – 1 st philosopher

Athens: The Arts & Sciences

Athens: The Arts & Sciences

$ DRAMA (tragedians):

Aeschylus

Sophocles

Euripides

$ THE SCIENCES:

Pythagoras

Democritus all matter made up of small atoms.

Hippocrates “Father of Medicine”

Page 6: Greek Culture. Philosophy Explanation of the nature of the universe Questions of reality and human existence Thales – 1 st philosopher

Drama• Festivals of Dionysus (God of Wine)

– Playwrights submit 4 plays for competition

• Method of presentation– Actors with masks– Chorus– Acoustics– Reserved seats– Dry seats– Mechanics

• Themes– Trojan war characters and their descendents– Ethics from Heroic period

Page 7: Greek Culture. Philosophy Explanation of the nature of the universe Questions of reality and human existence Thales – 1 st philosopher

Drama

• Tragedy– The most common of the genrés

• Of about 1000 written, only 31 remain – all by Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides

– Hero, Fate, Outside Events– Defeat usually because of Pride

• Comedies– Hero usually solve their problems

Page 8: Greek Culture. Philosophy Explanation of the nature of the universe Questions of reality and human existence Thales – 1 st philosopher

Drama• Sophocles

– Friend of Pericles– Great prestige and wealth– Wrote 123 plays, but only 7 exist– Sophoclean tragic heroes

• Have tragic defects• Are likeable and we feel sorry for them

– Introduced two-actor interaction – Conflict:

• Tradition and loyalty to king (Antigone)• Good intentions and fate (Oedipus the King)

• Euripides• Aristophanes - Father of Greek Comedy

Page 9: Greek Culture. Philosophy Explanation of the nature of the universe Questions of reality and human existence Thales – 1 st philosopher

History

• Herodotus (484-420 BC)– Father of History– Tried to record coherent history– Traveled widely– Books called Researches– Most writing were about Persian wars

Page 10: Greek Culture. Philosophy Explanation of the nature of the universe Questions of reality and human existence Thales – 1 st philosopher

History

• Thucydides (470-405 BC)– Prominent soldier/historian– History of the Peloponnesian Wars

Page 11: Greek Culture. Philosophy Explanation of the nature of the universe Questions of reality and human existence Thales – 1 st philosopher

Art

• Classical Sculpture– Greek principles important

• Exact proportion—Golden mean• Phidias—greatest Greek sculptor • Myron – Discus Thrower• Parthenon, Temples in Olympia

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