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1/4/2015 Great Books - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Books

Great BooksFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The great booksare those books that are thought to constitute an essential foundation in the literature of Western

culture. Specified sets of great books typically range from 100150, though they differ according to purpose and

context. For instance, some lists are built to be read by undergraduates in a college semester system (130 books,

Torrey Honors Institute),[1]some are compiled to be sold as a single set of volumes (500 books, Mortimer Adler)

while some lists aim at a thorough literary criticism (2,400 books, Harold Bloom).[2]

Contents

1 Concept

2 Origin

3 Program

3.1 Universities

4 Controversy

5 Series

6 Sample list

7 Television

8 See also

9 References

10 Sources11 External links

Concept

The great books are those that tradition, and various institutions and authorities, have regarded as constituting or

best expressing the foundations of Western culture (the Western canon is a similar but broader designation);

derivatively the term also refers to a curriculum or method of education based around a list of such books.

Mortimer Adler lists three criteria for including a book on the list:

the book has contemporary significance; that is, it has relevance to the problems and issues of our times;

the book is inexhaustible; it can be read again and again with benefit; "This is an exacting criterion, an ideal

that is fully attained by only a small number of the 511 works that we selected. It is approximated in varying

degrees by the rest."[3]

the book is relevant to a large number of the great ideas and great issues that have occupied the minds of

thinking individuals for the last 25 centuries.[4]
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Books 2

Origin

Thomas Jefferson,[5]well known for his interest in higher education, frequently composed great books lists for his

friends and correspondents, for example, for Peter Carr in 1785 [6]and again in 1787.[7]

In 1909, Harvard University published a 51-volume great books series, titled the Harvard Classics. These volume

are now in the public domain.

The Great Books of the Western World came about as the result of a discussion among American academics and

educators, starting in the 1920s and 1930s and begun by Prof. John Erskine of Columbia University,[8]about how

to improve the higher education system by returning it to the western liberal arts tradition of broad cross-disciplinar

learning. These academics and educators included Robert Hutchins, Mortimer Adler, Stringfellow Barr, Scott

Buchanan, Jacques Barzun, and Alexander Meiklejohn. The view among them was that the emphasis on narrow

specialization in American colleges had harmed the quality of higher education by failing to expose students to the

important products of Western civilization and thought.

They were at odds both with much of the existing educational establishment and with contemporary educational

theory. Educational theorists like Sidney Hook[9]and John Dewey (see pragmatism) disagreed with the premisethat there was crossover in education.

Program

The Great Books Program is a curriculum that makes use of this list of texts. As much as possible, students rely on

primary sources. The emphasis is on open discussion with limited guidance by a professor, facilitator, or tutor.

Students are also expected to write papers.

In 1920, Professor Erskine taught the first course based on the "great books" program, titled "General Honors", atColumbia University.[10][11]He helped mold its core curriculum. It initially failed, however, shortly after its

introduction due to fallings-out between the senior faculty over the best ways to conduct classes and due to

concerns about the rigor of the courses. Thus junior faculty including Mark Van Doren and Mortimer Adler after

1923, taught a part of the course. The course was discontinued in 1928, though later reconstituted. Adler left for

the University of Chicago in 1929, where he continued his work on the theme, and along with the University

president, Robert M. Hutchins, held an annual seminar of great books. In 1937, when Mark Van Doren redesigne

the course, it was already being taught at St. John's College, Annapolis, besides University of Chicago. This cours

later became Humanities A for freshmen, and subsequently evolved into Literature Humanities.[10]Survivors,

however, include Columbia's Core Curriculum, the Common Core at Chicago, and the Core Curriculum at Boston

University, each heavily focused on the "great books" of the Western canon.

A university or college Great Books Program is a program inspired by the Great Books movement begun in the

United States in the 1920s. The aim of such programs is a return to the Western Liberal Arts tradition in education

as a corrective to the extreme disciplinary specialisation common within the academy. The essential component of

such programs is a high degree of engagement with whole primary texts, called the Great Books. The curricula of

Great Books programs often follow a canon of texts considered more or less essential to a student's education,

such as Plato'sRepublic, or Dante'sDivine Comedy. Such programs often focus exclusively on Western culture.Their employment of primary texts dictates an interdisciplinary approach, as most of the Great Books do not fall

neatly under the prerogative of a single contemporary academic discipline. Great Books programs often include
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designated discussion groups as well as lectures, and have small class sizes. In general students in such programs

receive an abnormally high degree of attention from their professors, as part of the overall aim of fostering a

community of learning.

There are only a few true "Great Books Programs" still in operation. These schools focus almost exclusively on the

Great Books Curriculum throughout enrollment and do not offer classes analogous to those commonly offered at

other colleges. The first and best known of these schools is St. John's College in Annapolis and Santa Fe (program

established in 1937);[12]it was followed by Shimer College in Chicago, The Integral Program (http://www.stmarys

ca.edu/the-integral-program) at Saint Mary's College of California (1955), The College of Saint Mary Magdalen i

Warner, New Hampshire, and Thomas Aquinas College in Santa Paula, California. More recent schools with this

type of curriculum include Gutenberg College in Eugene, Oregon (est. 1994), Harrison Middleton University in

Tempe, Arizona (est. 1998), Wyoming Catholic College in Lander, Wyoming (est. 2005), and Imago Dei College

in Oak Glen, California (est. 2010). The University of Notre Dame's Program of Liberal Studies, established in

1950, is a highly regarded Great Books Program that operates as a separate institution within the College of Liber

Arts. At the high school level, the Old Western Culture (http://www.romanroadsmedia.com/store/old-western-

culture.php) curriculum was developed by Wesley Callihan, a well-known classicist, speaker, and an author of

Classical Christian Education and the Homeschool (http://www.canonpress.org/store/pc/viewPrd.asp?

idproduct=311&idcategory=0).

The Center for the Study of the Great Ideas (http://www.thegreatideas.org) advances the Great Conversation foun

in the great books by providing Adler's guidance, and resource materials through both live and on-line seminars,

educational and philosophical consultation, international presence on the Internet, access to the Center's library

collection of books, essays, articles, journals and audio/video programs. Center programs are unique in that they d

not replicate other existing programs either started or developed by Adler.

Universities

Over 100 institutions of higher learning in the United States, Canada, and Europe maintain some version of a Grea

Books Program as an option for students.[13]Among these are:

United States

Azusa Pacific University Honors College

Baylor University, Great Texts[14]

Biola University, Torrey Honors Institute[15]

Columbia University[10]

East Carolina University Thomas Harriot College of Arts and Sciences

[16]

Faulkner University

Franciscan University of Steubenville[17]

Gutenberg College[18]

Harrison Middleton University[19]

Houston Baptist University, Honors College[20]

Mercer University[21]

New York University, Gallatin Program

[22]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas_Collegehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shimer_Collegehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torrey_Honors_Institutehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wyoming_Catholic_Collegehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houston_Baptist_Universityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._John%27s_College_(Annapolis/Santa_Fe)#Great_Books_programhttp://www.thegreatideas.org/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_College_of_Saint_Mary_Magdalenhttp://www.romanroadsmedia.com/store/old-western-culture.phphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm_Beach_Atlantic_Universityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gutenberg_Collegehttp://www.canonpress.org/store/pc/viewPrd.asp?idproduct=311&idcategory=0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Carolina_Universityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_Universityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrison_Middleton_Universityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Notre_Damehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biola_Universityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imago_Dei_Collegehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baylor_Universityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gutenberg_Collegehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Universityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azusa_Pacific_Universityhttp://www.stmarys-ca.edu/the-integral-programhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Harriot_College_of_Arts_and_Scienceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faulkner_Universityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franciscan_University_of_Steubenvillehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallatin_School_of_Individualized_Studyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrison_Middleton_Universityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercer_University


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Series

The Great Books of the Western Worldis a hardcover 60-volume collection (originally 54 volumes) of the bookon the great books list (about 517 individual works). Many of the books in the collection were translated into

English for the first time. A prominent feature of the collection is a two-volume Syntopicon that includes essays

written by Mortimer Adler on 102 "great ideas." Following each essay is an extensive outline of the idea with page

references to relevant passages throughout the collection. Familiar to many Americans, the collection is available

from Encyclopdia Britannica, Inc., which owns the copyright.

Shortly after Adler retired from the Great Books Foundation in 1989, a second edition (1990) of the Great Bookof the Western Worldwas published; it included more Hispanic and female authors and, for the first time, works

by black authors.[45]During his tenure as president of the Foundation, Adler had resisted such additions.[46]

We did not base our selections on an author's nationality, religion, politics, or field of study; nor on an

author's race or gender. Great books were not chosen to make up quotas of any kind; there was no

"affirmative action" in the process ... we chose the great books on the basis of their relevance to at

least 25 of the 102 great ideas. Many of the great books are relevant to a much larger number of the102 great ideas, as many as 75 or more great ideas, a few to all 102 great ideas. In sharp contrast are

the good books that are relevant to less than 10 or even as few as 4 or 5 great ideas. We placed such

books in the lists of Recommended Readings to be found in the last section in each of the 102

chapters of the "Syntopicon". Here readers will find many twentieth-century female authors, black

authors, and Latin American authors whose works we recommended but did not include in the second

edition of the great books.[3]

Sample list

Any recommended set of great books is expected to change with the times, as reflected in the following statement

by Robert Hutchins:

In the course of history ... new books have been written that have won their place in the list. Books

once thought entitled to belong to it have been superseded; and this process of change will continue as

long as men can think and write. It is the task of every generation to reassess the tradition in which it

lives, to discard what it cannot use, and to bring into context with the distant and intermediate past the

most recent contributions to the Great Conversation.[47]

The following is an example list, in chronological order, compiled fromHow to Read a Bookby Mortimer Adler(1940), andHow to Read a Book, 2nd ed. by Mortimer Adler and Charles Van Doren (1972):

1. Homer Iliad; Odyssey

2. The Old Testament

3. Aeschylus Tragedies

4. Sophocles Tragedies

5. Herodotus Histories
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6. Euripides Tragedies

7. Thucydides History of the Peloponnesian War

8. Hippocrates Medical Writings

9. Aristophanes Comedies

10. Plato Dialogues

11. Aristotle Works

12. Epicurus "Letter to Herodotus"; "Letter to Menoecus"

13. Euclid Elements

14. Archimedes Works

15. Apollonius Conics

16. Cicero Works (esp. Orations; On Friendship; On Old Age;Republic;Laws; Tusculan Disputations; Offices)

17. Lucretius On the Nature of Things

18. Virgil Works (esp.Aeneid)

19. Horace Works (esp. Odes and Epodes; The Art of Poetry)

20. Livy History of Rome

21. Ovid Works (esp.Metamorphoses)22. Quintilian Institutes of Oratory

23. Plutarch Parallel Lives;Moralia

24. Tacitus Histories;Annals;Agricola; Germania;Dialogus de oratoribus(Dialogue on Oratory)

25. Nicomachus of Gerasa Introduction to Arithmetic

26. Epictetus Discourses;Enchiridion

27. Ptolemy Almagest

28. Lucian Works (esp. The Way to Write History; The True History; The Sale of Creeds;Alexander the Oracle

Monger; Charon; The Sale of Lives; The Fisherman;Dialogue of the Gods;Dialogues of the Sea-Gods;Dialogue

of the Dead)29. Marcus Aurelius Meditations

30. Galen On the Natural Faculties

31. The New Testament

32. Plotinus The Enneads

33. St. Augustine "On the Teacher"; Confessions; City of God; On Christian Doctrine

34. The Volsungs SagaorNibelungenlied

35. The Song of Roland

36. The Saga of Burnt Njl

37. Maimonides The Guide for the Perplexed

38. St. Thomas Aquinas Of Being and Essence; Summa Contra Gentiles; Of the Governance of Rulers; Summa

Theologica

39. Dante Alighieri The New Life(La Vita Nuova); "On Monarchy";Divine Comedy

40. Geoffrey Chaucer Troilus and Criseyde; The Canterbury Tales

41. Thomas Kempis The Imitation of Christ

42. Leonardo da Vinci Notebooks

43. Niccol Machiavelli The Prince;Discourses on the First Ten Books of Livy

44. Desiderius Erasmus The Praise o Foll Collo uies
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Imitation_of_Christhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Song_of_Rolandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germania_(book)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Guide_for_the_Perplexedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicerohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Vita_Nuovahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoffrey_Chaucerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Princehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vincihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tacitushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enneadshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclid%27s_Elementshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maimonideshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almagesthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_%C3%A0_Kempishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavellihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thucydideshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plotinushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ab_Urbe_Condita_(book)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_Liveshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dante_Alighierihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicomachus_of_Gerasahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enchiridion_of_Epictetushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nibelungenliedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Praise_of_Follyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desiderius_Erasmushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_rerum_naturahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epicurushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epictetushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptolemyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euripideshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucianhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovidhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histories_(Tacitus)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Canterbury_Taleshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Peloponnesian_Warhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_of_God_(book)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meditationshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discourses_on_Livyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristophaneshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Thomas_Aquinashttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Arithmetichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_doctrina_christianahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plutarchhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintilianhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troilus_and_Criseydehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annals_(Tacitus)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agricola_(book)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moraliahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollonius_of_Pergahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confessions_(St._Augustine)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Testamenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galenic_corpus#I:_Physiology_and_Anatomyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summa_Theologicahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nj%C3%A1ls_sagahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclidhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotlehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippocrateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Aureliushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucretiushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divine_Comedyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horace


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45. Nicolaus Copernicus On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres

46. Thomas More Utopia

47. Martin Luther Table Talk; Three Treatises

48. Franois Rabelais Gargantua and Pantagruel

49. John Calvin Institutes of the Christian Religion

50. Michel de Montaigne Essays

51. William Gilbert On the Lodestone and Magnetic Bodies52. Miguel de Cervantes Don Quixote

53. Edmund Spenser Prothalamion; The Faerie Queene

54. Francis Bacon Essays; The Advancement of Learning;Novum Organum;New Atlantis

55. William Shakespeare Poetry and Plays

56. Galileo Galilei Starry Messenger; Two New Sciences

57. Johannes Kepler The Epitome of Copernican Astronomy;Harmonices Mundi

58. William Harvey On the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals; On the Circulation of the Blood; Generation

of Animals

59. Grotius The Law of War and Peace60. Thomas Hobbes Leviathan;Elements of Philosophy

61. Ren Descartes Rules for the Direction of the Mind;Discourse on the Method; Geometry;Meditations on First

Philosophy;Principles of Philosophy; The Passions of the Soul

62. Corneille Tragedies (esp. The Cid, Cinna)

63. John Milton Works (esp. the minor poems;Areopagitica;Paradise Lost; Samson Agonistes)

64. Molire Comedies (esp. The Miser; The School for Wives; The Misanthrope; The Doctor in Spite of Himself;

Tartuffe; The Tradesman Turned Gentleman; The Imaginary Invalid; The Affected Ladies)

65. Blaise Pascal The Provincial Letters;Penses; Scientific Treatises

66. Boyle The Sceptical Chymist

67. Christiaan Huygens Treatise on Light

68. Benedict de Spinoza Political Treatises;Ethics

69. John Locke A Letter Concerning Toleration; Of Civil Government;An Essay Concerning Human Understandin

Some Thoughts Concerning Education

70. Jean Baptiste Racine Tragedies (esp.Andromache;Phaedra;Athalie(Athaliah))

71. Isaac Newton Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy; Opticks

72. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Discourse on Metaphysics;New Essays on Human Understanding;Monadology

73. Daniel Defoe Robinson Crusoe;Moll Flanders74. Jonathan Swift The Battle of the Books;A Tale of a Tub;A Journal to Stella; Gulliver's Travels;A Modest

Proposal

75. William Congreve The Way of the World

76. George Berkeley A New Theory of Vision;A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge

77. Alexander Pope An Essay on Criticism; The Rape of the Lock;An Essay on Man

78. Charles de Secondat, baron de Montesquieu Persian Letters; The Spirit of the Laws

79. Voltaire Letters on the English; Candide;Philosophical Dictionary

80. Henry Fielding Joseph Andrews; Tom Jones
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Vanity_of_Human_Wisheshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Dictionary_of_the_English_Languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_History_of_Rasselas,_Prince_of_Abissiniahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lives_of_the_Most_Eminent_English_Poetshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desiderius_Erasmushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principles_of_Philosophyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Epitome_of_Copernican_Astronomyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_Keplerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grotiushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespearehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christiaan_Huygenshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meditations_on_First_Philosophyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Imaginary_Invalidhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Gilbert_(astronomer)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Treatise_Concerning_the_Principles_of_Human_Knowledgehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Modest_Proposalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optickshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Morehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gottfried_Wilhelm_Leibnizhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Calvinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%A8drehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samson_Agonisteshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robinson_Crusoehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_History_of_Tom_Jones,_a_Foundlinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Essay_on_Manhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two_New_Scienceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_Pr%C3%A9cieuses_ridiculeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Faerie_Queenehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_de_Secondat,_baron_de_Montesquieuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monadologyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Some_Thoughts_Concerning_Educationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Berkeleyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gargantua_and_Pantagruelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettres_provincialeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Letter_Concerning_Tolerationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benedict_de_Spinozahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictionnaire_philosophiquehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Areopagiticahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonices_Mundihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leviathan_(book)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Harveyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exercitatio_Anatomica_de_Motu_Cordis_et_Sanguinis_in_Animalibushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two_Treatises_of_Governmenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Essays_on_Human_Understandinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Rabelaishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Congrevehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Corneillehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Journal_to_Stellahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Praise_of_Follyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desiderius_Erasmushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pens%C3%A9eshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utopia_(book)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo_Galileihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_Lettershttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Bourgeois_gentilhommehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_Talk_(Luther)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Magnetehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moli%C3%A8rehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essays_(Montaigne)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don_Quixotehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltairehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tartuffehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Essay_on_Criticismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Miltonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromaquehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Sceptical_Chymisthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Lutherhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Andrewshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descarteshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidereus_Nunciushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Essay_Concerning_Human_Understandinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lockehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Fieldinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Spirit_of_the_Lawshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Way_of_the_Worldhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discourse_on_Metaphysicshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Defoehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Misanthropehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Advancement_of_Learninghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophi%C3%A6_Naturalis_Principia_Mathematicahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Battle_of_the_Bookshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candidehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_School_for_Wiveshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rules_for_the_Direction_of_the_Mindhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_de_Montaignehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paradise_Losthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Dictionary_of_the_English_Languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_G%C3%A9om%C3%A9triehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moll_Flandershttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essays_(Francis_Bacon)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_History_of_Rasselas,_Prince_of_Abissiniahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discourse_on_the_Methodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Newtonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Atlantishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Passions_of_the_Soulhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_M%C3%A9decin_malgr%C3%A9_luihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Spenserhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Racinehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Baconhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Vanity_of_Human_Wisheshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generation_of_Animalshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Miserhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Swifthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_revolutionibus_orbium_coelestiumhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_de_Cervanteshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blaise_Pascalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Johnsonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolaus_Copernicushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethics_(book)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institutes_of_the_Christian_Religionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letters_on_the_Englishhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_jure_belli_ac_pacishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novum_Organumhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Tale_of_a_Tubhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prothalamionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Popehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Boylehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulliver%27s_Travelshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lives_of_the_Most_Eminent_English_Poetshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Rape_of_the_Lock


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116. Charles Darwin On the Origin of Species; The Descent of Man;Autobiography

117. William Makepeace Thackeray Works (esp. Vanity Fair; The History of Henry Esmond; The Virginians;

Pendennis)

118. Charles Dickens Works (esp. Pickwick Papers; Our Mutual Friend;David Copperfield;Dombey and Son;

Oliver Twist;A Tale of Two Cities;Hard Times)

119. Claude Bernard Introduction to the Study of Experimental Medicine

120. George Boole The Laws of Thought

121. Henry David Thoreau Civil Disobedience; Walden

122. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels Das Kapital(Capital); The Communist Manifesto

123. George Eliot Adam Bede;Middlemarch

124. Herman Melville Typee;Moby-Dick;Billy Budd

125. Fyodor Dostoyevsky Crime and Punishment; The Idiot; The Brothers Karamazov

126. Gustave Flaubert Madame Bovary; Three Stories

127. Henry Thomas Buckle A History of Civilization in England

128. Francis Galton Inquiries into Human Faculties and Its Development

129. Bernhard Riemann The Hypotheses of Geometry130. Henrik Ibsen Plays (esp.Peer Gynt;Brand;Hedda Gabler;Emperor and Galilean;A Doll's House; The Wild

Duck; The Master Builder)

131. Leo Tolstoy War and Peace;Anna Karenina; "What Is Art?"; Twenty-Three Tales

132. Richard Dedekind Theory of Numbers

133. Wilhelm Wundt Physiological Psychology; Outline of Psychology

134. Mark Twain The Innocents Abroad;Adventures of Huckleberry Finn;A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's

Court; The Mysterious Stranger

135. Henry Adams History of the United States;Mont-Saint-Michel and Chartres; The Education of Henry Adams;

Degradation of Democratic Dogma136. Charles Peirce Chance, Love, and Logic; Collected Papers

137. William Sumner Folkways

138. Oliver Wendell Holmes The Common Law; Collected Legal Papers

139. William James The Principles of Psychology; The Varieties of Religious Experience;Pragmatism;A Pluralistic

Universe;Essays in Radical Empiricism

140. Henry James The American; The Ambassadors

141. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche Thus Spoke Zarathustra;Beyond Good and Evil; On the Genealogy of Morality;

The Will to Power; Twilight of the Idols; The Antichrist

142. Georg Cantor Transfinite Numbers

143. Jules Henri Poincar Science and Hypothesis; Science and Method; The Foundations of Science

144. Sigmund Freud The Interpretation of Dreams; Three Essays to the Theory of Sex;Introduction to Psychoanalys

Beyond the Pleasure Principle; Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego; The Ego and the Id; Civilization

and Its Discontents;New Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis

145. George Bernard Shaw Plays and Prefaces

146. Max Planck Origin and Development of the Quantum Theory; Where Is Science Going?; Scientific

Autobiography

147. Henri Ber son Time and Free Will;Matter and Memor ; Creative Evolution; The Two Sources o Moralit and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_Bernardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Adamshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_American_(novel)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crime_and_Punishmenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Communist_Manifestohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyond_the_Pleasure_Principlehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyond_Good_and_Evilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Will_to_Power_(manuscript)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Connecticut_Yankee_in_King_Arthur%27s_Courthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Education_of_Henry_Adamshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Brothers_Karamazovhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Jameshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Boolehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mysterious_Strangerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Mutual_Friendhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Planckhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_David_Thoreauhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_Disobedience_(Thoreau)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_Kareninahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustave_Flauberthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Doll%27s_Househttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typeehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyodor_Dostoyevskyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Sanders_Peircehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Varieties_of_Religious_Experiencehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Descent_of_Man,_and_Selection_in_Relation_to_Sexhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Jameshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrik_Ibsenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_Nietzschehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_Tolstoyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Bedehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thus_Spoke_Zarathustrahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pickwick_Papershttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galtonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Dedekindhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Dickenshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_the_Genealogy_of_Moralityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Marxhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Evolution_(book)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/What_Is_Art%3Fhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Makepeace_Thackerayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civilization_and_Its_Discontentshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madame_Bovaryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matter_and_Memoryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Bergsonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Innocents_Abroadhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peer_Gynthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Idiothttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_Psychology_and_the_Analysis_of_the_Egohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Twainhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Das_Kapitalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pendennishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Laws_of_Thoughthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Ego_and_the_Idhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herman_Melvillehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigmund_Freudhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(novel)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waldenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moby-Dickhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_History_of_Henry_Esmondhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernhard_Riemannhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_and_Free_Willhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Tales_(Flaubert)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Sanders_Peirce_bibliography#CLLhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Bernard_Shawhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Ambassadorshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_Timeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Eliothttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Engelshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Psychoanalysishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_and_Galileanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Autobiography_of_Charles_Darwinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Buddhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Thomas_Bucklehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jules_Henri_Poincar%C3%A9https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Tale_of_Two_Citieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Antichrist_(book)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Twisthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelm_Wundthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Common_Lawhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essays_in_Radical_Empiricismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Master_Builderhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Copperfieldhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twilight_of_the_Idolshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middlemarchhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Virginianshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_and_Hypothesishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hedda_Gablerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wild_Duckhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Sanders_Peirce_bibliography#CPhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Graham_Sumnerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dombey_and_Sonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_and_Peacehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Wendell_Holmes,_Jr.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Interpretation_of_Dreamshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg_Cantorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adventures_of_Huckleberry_Finnhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Principles_of_Psychologyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_the_Origin_of_Specieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Darwin


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The original edition ofHow to Read a Bookcontained a separate "contemporary list" because "Here one's

udgment must be tentative"

[48]

All but the following authors were incorporated into the single list of the revisededition:

1. Ivan Pavlov Conditioned Reflexes

2. Thorstein Veblen The Theory of the Leisure Class; The Higher Learning in America; The Place of

Science in Modern Civilization; Vested Interests and the State of Industrial Arts;Absentee Ownership

and Business Enterprise in Recent Times

3. Franz Boas The Mind of Primitive Man;Anthropology and Modern Life

4. Leon Trotsky The History of the Russian Revolution

Television

In 1954 Mortimer Adler hosted a live weekly television series in San Francisco, comprising 52 half-hour program

entitled The Great Ideas. These programs were produced by the Institute for Philosophical Research and werecarried as a public service by the American Broadcasting Company, presented by National Educational Television

(NET), the precursor to what is now PBS. Adler bequeathed these films to the Center for the Study of the Great

Ideas, where they are available for purchase. Video Purchase Site

(http://www.thegreatideas.org/mortimer_adler_videos/index.html)

Religion

148. John Dewey How We Think;Democracy and Education;Experience and Nature; The Quest for Certainty;Logi

The Theory of Inquiry

149. Alfred North Whitehead A Treatise on Universal Algebra;An Introduction to Mathematics; Science and the

Modern World;Process and Reality; The Aims of Education and Other Essays;Adventures of Ideas

150. George Santayana The Life of Reason; Scepticism and Animal Faith; The Realms of Being(which discusses th

Realms of Essence, Matter and Truth);Persons and Places151. Vladimir Lenin Imperialism; The State and Revolution

152. Marcel Proust In Search of Lost Time(formerly translated asRemembrance of Things Past)

153. Bertrand Russell Principles of Mathematics; The Problems of Philosophy;Principia Mathematica; The Analysis

of Mind;An Inquiry into Meaning and Truth;Human Knowledge, Its Scope and Limits

154. Thomas Mann The Magic Mountain;Joseph and His Brothers

155. Albert Einstein The Theory of Relativity; Sidelights on Relativity; The Meaning of Relativity; On the Method of

Theoretical Physics; The Evolution of Physics

156. James Joyce "The Dead" inDubliners;A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man; Ulysses

157. Jacques Maritain Art and Scholasticism; The Degrees of Knowledge;Freedom and the Modern World;A Prefacto Metaphysics; The Rights of Man and Natural Law; True Humanism

158. Franz Kafka The Trial; The Castle

159. Arnold J. Toynbee A Study of History; Civilization on Trial

160. Jean-Paul Sartre Nausea;No Exit;Being and Nothingness

161. Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn The First Circle; Cancer Ward
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Bergsonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_and_Free_Willhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principles_of_Mathematicshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dublinershttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Life_of_Reasonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Joycehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Dead_(short_story)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Einsteinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Companyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertrand_Russellhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz_Boashttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_and_His_Brothershttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_We_Thinkhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Magic_Mountainhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Portrait_of_the_Artist_as_a_Young_Manhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Leninhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principia_Mathematicahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartrehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Maritainhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Evolution_(book)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_to_Read_a_Bookhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold_J._Toynbeehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matter_and_Memoryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Bergsonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Evolution_of_Physicshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thorstein_Veblenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Solzhenitsynhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Deweyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Pavlovhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_Wardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_North_Whiteheadhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Mannhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz_Kafkahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Castle_(novel)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_and_Free_Willhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Study_of_Historyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Being_and_Nothingnesshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Problems_of_Philosophyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Santayanahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_History_of_the_Russian_Revolutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scepticism_and_Animal_Faithhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_State_and_Revolutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Trialhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcel_Prousthttp://www.thegreatideas.org/mortimer_adler_videos/index.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Theory_of_the_Leisure_Classhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Trotskyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_and_Realityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_Search_of_Lost_Timehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nausea_(novel)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracy_and_Educationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_First_Circlehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mind_of_Primitive_Manhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Realms_of_Beinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_Exithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulysses_(novel)


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In 1993 and 1994, The Learning Channel created a series of one hour programs discussing many of the great

books of history and their impact on the world. It was narrated by Donald Sutherland and Morgan Freeman,

amongst others.

See also

Dead white males

Educational perennialism

Banned books

Liberal arts

Western canon

References

1. ^"The Reading List | Torrey Honors Institute, Biola University"

(http://academics.biola.edu/torrey/academics/reading/).

2. ^Teeter, Robert. "Bloom. Western Canon" (http://sonic.net/~rteeter/grtbloom.html).

3. ^ abAdler, Mortimer J. "Selecting Works for the 1990 Edition of the Great Books of the Western World"

(http://cyberspacei.com/greatbooks/h2/criteria.htm). Retrieved 2014-11-06.

4. ^Adler, "Second Look", pg 142

5. ^"Thomas Jefferson's Reading Lists" (http://www.john-uebersax.com/plato/reading2.htm). John-uebersax.com.

Retrieved 2013-11-09.

6. ^Thomas Jefferson to Peter Carr (An honest heart, a knowing head; Paris, August 19, 1785). In: Merril D.

Peterson (ed.), Thomas Jefferson Works, 1984. (pp. 814 818)

7. ^Thomas Jefferson to Peter Carr (The homage to Reason; Paris, August 10, 1787). In: Merril D. Peterson (ed.),

Thomas Jefferson Works, 1984. (pp. 900 906).

8. ^"radicalacademy.com" (http://www.radicalacademy.com/adlerlowelllec.htm). radicalacademy.com. Retrieved

2013-11-09.

9. ^Hook, Sidney (1946). "A Critical Appraisal of the St. John's College Curriculum".Education for Modern Man

(http://www.ditext.com/hook/hook.html). New York, NY: The Dial Press. "Reprinted with some minor changes

from The New Leader, May 26 and June 4, 1944"

10. ^ abc"The Beginnings of the Great Books Movement at Columbia"

(http://www.columbia.edu/cu/alumni/Magazine/Winter2001/greatBooks.html). Columbia Magazine. Winter 2001.

Retrieved June 27, 2013.

11. ^"An Oasis of Order: The Core Curriculum at Columbia College:Faculty Profiles:John Erskine"

(http://www.college.columbia.edu/core/oasis/profiles/erskine.php). Columbia College. Retrieved June 27, 2013.

12. ^"St. Johns College | Academic Program | The Reading List"

(http://www.stjohnscollege.edu/academic/readlist.shtml). Stjohnscollege.edu. Retrieved 2013-11-09.

13. ^Casement, William. "College Great Books Programs" (http://www.coretexts.org/college-great-books-

programs/#tz). The Association for Core Texts and Courses (ACTC). Retrieved May 29, 2012.

14. ^"Baylor University || Great Texts" (http://www.baylor.edu/Great_Texts). Baylor.edu. Retrieved 2013-11-09.
http://academics.biola.edu/torrey/academics/reading/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learning_Channelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_Leaderhttp://sonic.net/~rteeter/grtbloom.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Hookhttp://www.college.columbia.edu/core/oasis/profiles/erskine.phphttp://www.columbia.edu/cu/alumni/Magazine/Winter2001/greatBooks.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_canonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Sutherlandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational_perennialismhttp://www.ditext.com/hook/hook.htmlhttp://www.john-uebersax.com/plato/reading2.htmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morgan_Freemanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banned_bookshttp://www.radicalacademy.com/adlerlowelllec.htmhttp://www.baylor.edu/Great_Textshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_white_maleshttp://cyberspacei.com/greatbooks/h2/criteria.htmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_artshttp://www.coretexts.org/college-great-books-programs/#tzhttp://www.stjohnscollege.edu/academic/readlist.shtml


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15. ^"About Torrey Honors Institute Biola University" (http://www.biola.edu/academics/torrey/about/). Biola.edu


16. ^"index" (http://www.ecu.edu/greatbooks/). Ecu.edu. 2013-04-16. Retrieved 2013-11-09.

17. ^"The Honors Program Franciscan University" (http://www.franciscan.edu/HonorsProgram/). Franciscan.edu


18. ^"Gutenberg College Great Books" (http://gutenberg.edu/resources/great-books/). Gutenberg.edu. Retrieved

2013-11-09.

19. ^"Curriculum - Harrison Middleton University" (http://www.hmu.edu/curriculum/). Hmu.edu. Retrieved

2013-11-09.

20. ^"Honors College" (http://www.hbu.edu/honorscollege). Hbu.edu. Retrieved 2013-11-09.

21. ^"Mercer Great Books" (http://departments.mercer.edu/gbk/). Departments.mercer.edu. Retrieved 2013-11-09.

22. ^"Honors Program | Palm Beach Atlantic University" (http://www.pba.edu/honors-program). Pba.edu. Retrieved

2013-11-09.

23. ^"Great Books" (http://seaver.pepperdine.edu/humanities/content/pdf/great-books.pdf). Seaver.pepperdine.edu.


24. ^"The Integral Program" (http://www.stmarys-ca.edu/the-integral-program). St. Mary's College. Retrieved2014-06-20.

25. ^[1] (http://www.shimer.edu/newsandevents/hwcshimer.cfm)

26. ^"St. Johns College" (http://www.stjohnscollege.edu/). Stjohnscollege.edu. Retrieved 2013-11-09.

27. ^The Newman Guide, "The College of Saint Mary Magdalen"

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1964(http://books.google.com/books?id=AmANsS8ScPMC). Univ of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-17143-

O'Hear, Anthony. The Great Books: A Journey through 2,500 Years of the West's Classic Literature. Intercollegia

Studies Institute; 2 edition, 2009. ISBN 978-1-933859-78-1

External links

Center for the Study of the Great Ideas website (http://www.thegreatideas.org/)

Greater Books (http://www.greaterbooks.com)

Dorfman, Ron (April 25, 1997). "Culture Wars and the Great Conversation"

(http://www.pbs.org/shattering/culture.html). Shattering Silences. PBS.

Recommended Books (http://www.nas.org/resources/recommended_books) National Association of

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Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Great_Books&oldid=632644988"

programme). Ukings.ca. Retrieved 2013-11-09.

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humanities/). .carleton.ca. Retrieved 2013-11-09.

40. ^"Welcome - Liberal Arts College - Concordia University - Montreal, Quebec, Canada"

(http://liberalartscollege.concordia.ca/). Liberalartscollege.concordia.ca. Retrieved 2013-11-09.

41. ^"Arts One Program" (http://artsone.arts.ubc.ca). ubc.ca. Retrieved 2014-05-29.

42. ^"UCP - Instituto de Estudos Polticos" (http://www.iep.lisboa.ucp.pt/site/custom/template/ucptpl_fac.asp?SSPAGEID=922&lang=2&artigo=5289&artigoID=5275). Iep.lisboa.ucp.pt. Retrieved 2013-11-09.

43. ^"A Great Books College" (http://shalem.ac.il/en/core-curriculum/a-great-books-college/). Shalem College.


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(http://www.ditext.com/searle/searle1.html)

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(http://calbears.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4155/is_20010701/ai_n13916438). Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved

2007-07-11.

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(http://web.archive.org/web/20071104012348/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4155/is_20010703/ai_n1391

760). Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original

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47. ^Great Books The Foundation of a Liberal Education, New York Simon & Schuster, 1954.

48. ^How to Read a Book, 1940, p. 375
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