GrammarTree1-4

1. can은‘~할수있다’의뜻으로동사의뜻을보조해주는조동사이다. 조동사는항상동사의앞에위치한다.

2. can은주어의인칭과수에관계없이형태가동일하다. → She can read. (O) She cans read. (X)

3. can 다음에는항상동사의원형이온다. → She can read. (O) She can reads. (X)

4. can은‘~해도좋다’라는허락의의미로도쓰인다.→ You can go now.

5. can의부정문은‘~할수없다,’‘~할줄모른다’의뜻으로can 다음에not을붙여만든다.can not은줄여서can’t로쓸수있다. → She can not read. = She can’t read.

6. can의의문문은‘~할수있니?’, ‘~할줄아니?’의뜻으로can을주어앞에놓으면된다. 대답할때도조동사 can을써서대답한다. → Q: Can she read?

A: Yes, she can. / No, she can’t.

7. Can I...?는허락이나요청을나타낸다.→ Q: Can I go now?

A: Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.

1. can이허락의의미로쓰일때는may로대신해쓸수있다. → You can go now. = You may go now.

2. can이‘가능’의의미로쓰일때는may로대신해쓸수없다. → She can read. ≠ She may read.

3. Can I...? 는May I...?로바꿔쓸수있다.→ Can I go now? = May I go now?

Grammar Points Tips

1.‘나는영어를할줄안다.’를영어로말해볼래? - I can speak English.

2.‘그는영어를할줄모른다.’는? - He can’t speak English.

3.‘그녀는영어를할줄아니?’는? - Can she speak English?

4.그질문에긍정과부정으로대답해볼래? - Yes, she can. / No, she can’t.

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1. will은‘~할것이다, ~하겠다’라는뜻의조동사이다.

2. will은동사앞에위치하고주어의인칭, 수에관계없이동일한형태를갖는다. → He will get up early. (O) / He wills get up early. (X)

3.will 다음에는항상동사의원형이온다. → He will get up early. (O) / He will gets up early. (X)

4. will의부정문은‘~하지않을것이다’의뜻으로will 뒤에not을붙이면된다. will not의단축형은won’t이다. → I will not give up. = I won’t give up.

5. will의의문문은‘~할거니?’의뜻으로will을주어앞에놓으면된다. 대답도will을써서대답한다. → Q: Will you give up?

A: Yes, I will. / No, I won’t.

1. will은 ’ll로단축해서쓸수있다. → I will = I’ll, You will = You’ll, She will = She’ll,

He will = He’ll, It will = It’ll, We will = We’ll, They will = They’ll

2. Will you...?는주로가까운사이에서부탁의의미로도사용된다.→Will you call me back later?

3. 격식을차려야하는사이에는Could you...?를사용한다. → Could you call me back later?

Grammar Points Tips

1. 학원끝나고할일을will을사용해서말해볼래? - I will play baseball with my friends.

2.‘오늘밤은TV를보지않을거야.’라고말해볼래? - I will not watch TV tonight.

3. will not을축약해서다시한번말해볼까? - I won’t watch TV tonight.

4.‘버스를탈거니?’라고영어로물어볼래? - Will you take a bus?

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1. be going to는동사앞에쓰여‘~할예정이다’, ‘~하려고한다’라는미래의뜻을나타낸다.

2. be going to에서 be동사는주어의인칭과수에맞추어쓴다. be going to 다음에는동사원형을쓴다.→ I am going to sleep. / She (He / It) is going to sleep.

/ You (We / They) are going to sleep.

3. be going to의부정문은‘~하지않을것이다.’라는뜻으로be동사뒤에not을붙여만든다. → I am not going to sleep.

4. be going to의의문문은‘~할거니?’라는뜻으로 be동사를주어앞에놓는다. 대답할때는be동사를사용하여대답한다. → Q: Are you going to sleep?

A: Yes, I am. / No, I am not.

1. will과be going to는둘다미래를나타낼때사용하지만, begoing to는아주가까운미래에일어날일을말할때사용한다는것이will과의차이점이다.→ She is going to leave. She will live in Paris.

2. be going to 의문문에대한대답을할때No, I’m not. / No, she isn’t. / No, they aren’t. 등으로축약하여대답할수있다.

Grammar Points Tips

1. be going to를사용해서가까운미래의계획을말해볼래?- I am going to go to the bathroom.

2. 그문장을부정문으로도말해볼까? - I’m not going to go to the bathroom.

3. 선생님한테도물어봐줄래? - Are you going to go to the bathroom?

4.선생님이물어볼게. 긍정과부정으로대답해봐. Are you going to go to the bathroom? - Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.

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85

can

cannot

Jane can speak Korean well.

will

not

Will

going

to

Are

can’t

can’t

can

He can play tennis, but he cannot play ping-pong.

They can’t dance to the song.

Yes I can

No he can’t

No she can’t

Yes he can

③

②

④

①

She is going to be eight years old next year.

Su-mi is going to come here this Friday.

[1~3] can이나 can’t를써서빈칸을채우세요.앞뒤문장의내용을보고‘할수있다’는뜻의 can이나‘할수없다’는뜻의 can’t을써넣는다.

[4~6]4,6. 조동사 can나 can’t 다음에는동사원형을쓴다. 5.조동사 can은주어가3인칭단수이더라도끝에 s를붙이지않는다. can의부정은 cannot이다.

[7~10]대답을완성하세요. 뒷문장의내용을보고 Yes, I(He / She) can. 또는 No, I(He /She) can’t.를쓴다.

[11~14]조동사will은미래의일에대해말할때사용한다.

[15~17]be going to는가까운미래에대해말할때사용한다. be동사는주어의인칭과수에일치시키고, to 다음에는동사원형을쓴다.

[18~20]미래에일어날일에대해말할때는조동사will을쓰고, 능력에

대해말할때는조동사 can을쓴다.

[21~24]표를보고문장의빈칸을채우세요.

21~22.주어가복수이므로be going to의be동사는 are을쓴다. 23.주어가3인칭단수이므로be going to의be동사는 is를쓴다.

to 다음에는동사원형을쓴다. 24. be going to로묻는말은Yes나No로시작하고be동사로대

답한다.

[25~27] 25. be going to가쓰인의문문을평서문으로바꾸려면 be동사

를문장의맨앞에서주어다음으로옮기고, 물음표를마침표로바꾼다.

26. be going to가쓰인문장을부정문으로바꾸려면be동사다음에not을쓴다.

[28~30] 알맞은단어하나를고르세요. 28, 29. be going to 의문문이므로주어의인칭과수에맞는 be

동사를고른다.30.will의부정은will not 또는won’t이다.

Explanations

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4

Susie is going to have a piano lesson tomorrow.

My uncle can speak English well.

He will go to London next month.

It will not be cold tomorrow.

are to

are going

is study

No she isn’t

His mother is going to make some bread.

She is not going to come to the party.

Are they going to play tennis tomorrow?

1. may는‘~일지도모른다’라는추측과‘~해도좋다’라는허락의뜻을나타내는조동사이다. →추측을나타내는경우: It may rain tonight.

허락을나타내는경우: You may go now.

2. 허락을구할때→ Q: May I go now?

A: Yes, you may. / No, you may not.

3.허락을뜻하는말은may와can둘다사용가능하나can은좀더스스럼없는말투가되고, may는좀더격식을차리는말투가된다. → Q: Can I go now? A: You can go now.

Q: May I go now? A: You may go now.

4.must는‘~해야한다’라는뜻을나타내는조동사이다. →필요, 의무를나타내는경우: I must go now.

금지를나타내는경우: You must not swim here.

5.must not은may not보다금지의뜻이좀더강하다. → You may not go now. / You must not go now.

1. may는‘~하기를…’이라는기원이나소망을나타내기도한다.→May you live long! 오래사시기를!

2. must와같이금지의뜻을나타내는조동사에는 have to가있다. have to는must보다조금더부드러운의미를갖는다. → You must eat to live. / You have to study.

3.must not은‘절대~하면안된다’라는의미고, don’t have to는‘~하지않아도된다’라는의미이다. → You must not swim here. / You don’t have to wash the

dishes.

Grammar Points Tips

1.‘내일눈이올것같아.’를may를사용해서말해볼까? - It may snow tomorrow.

2.may를사용해서허락을구하는말을해볼래? - May I go home early?

3.그말에긍정/부정두가지로대답해볼까? - Yes, you may. / No, you may not.

4.‘이호수에서수영하면안된다.’를must를사용해서말해볼까? - You must not swim in this lake.

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1. 현재진행형은「be동사+동사의 ing형」으로‘~하고있는중이다’라는뜻이다. 현재진행형의 be동사는주어의인칭과수에따라결정된다. → I am eating lunch. / The baby is sleeping.

2. 대부분의동사는원형에 -ing를붙인다.→ reading, eating

3. e로끝나는동사는 e를없애고 -ing를붙인다. → writing, riding

4.「단모음+단자음」으로끝나는동사는맨끝자음을한번더쓰고 -ing를붙인다. → running, swimming

5. 현재형은현재의사실이나반복적으로일어나는일에대해말할때쓴다. → Lions eat meat. (사실) / He gets up early in the morning.(반복되는일)

6. 현재진행형은현재의순간에일어나고있는동작을말할때쓴다. → The lions are eating meat. / He is getting up.

7. 현재진행형으로쓸수없는동사들에는 have, know, see등상태를나타내는동사들이있다. 단, have가eat의의미로쓰일때는현재진행형으로쓸수있다. → He is having a car. (X) / He is having lunch now. (O)

1. come, go, stay, arrive, leave와같은동사가현재진행형으로쓰이면가까운미래를나타낸다. → He is coming home soon. / I am leaving for LA.

2. have가 spend의의미로쓰일때도현재진행형이가능하다. → He is having a good time.

Grammar Points Tips

1. 지금일어나고있는동작을말할때사용하는문법사항은뭐지?-현재진행형.

2. 현재진행형문장을하나말해볼까? - I am talking to you.

3. 그럼현재형은어떨때사용하지? -현재의사실이나반복적인습관을말할때요.

4.‘나는가방을하나가지고있다.’와‘나는아침을먹고있는중이다.’를have동사를사용해서말해볼까? - I have a bag. I am having breakfast.

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1. I’m going to go...는‘나는~에가려고한다’라는뜻이다.→ I’m going to go swimming. / I’m going to go to my

grandpa’s house.

2. be going to는곧일어날일을말할때도쓰인다. → It’s going to rain. / We’re going to fall down.

3. 길을묻고안내할때쓰는표현(1) Go straight ahead. 앞으로쭉가세요. (2) Turn left at the next corner.

다음모퉁이에서왼쪽으로도세요. (3) I’m looking for ~. ~를찾고있어요. (4) How far is it? 여기서얼마나멀죠? (5) It about five minutes’walk. 걸어서5분정도요.(6) You can’t miss it. 놓칠수없을거예요.

(즉, 찾기쉬워요.)(7) Take bus Number 5. 5번버스를타세요.

1. I’m going to go... 문장에서뒤의go는‘가다’라는의미를갖지만going에는‘가다’라는의미가없다.

2. 길을묻는그밖의표현들→ How can I get to the Carlton Hotel?

Which way is the Carlton Hotel?

Grammar Points Tips

1.‘나는수업후에Sam의집에갈거야.’를영어로말해볼까?- I’m going to go to Sam’s house after class.

2.‘우체국이어디있죠?’하고물어볼래? -How can I get to the post office? / Which way is the

post office?

3.‘앞으로쭉가서모퉁이에서오른쪽으로도세요.’라고말해볼까? -Go straight ahead and turn right at the corner.

4.‘찾기쉬워요.’또는‘잘보여요.’라고말해볼까? -You can’t miss it.

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4

may

He must do his homework after school.

must

ing

ing

She must walk to school.

He may be at home now.

You may go home now.

You may play outside.

He can play the piano well.

I mush do my homework in the evening.

I will come back before breakfast.

[1~4] 1. 강한금지를나타내는말: must not + 동사원형2~4. 허락을나타내는말: may (may의부정은may not)

[5~8]5~6. 필요나의무를나타내는말: must + 동사원형7~8. 추측이나허락을나타내는말: may + 동사원형

[9~12]단어의순서를바르게놓아문장을완성하세요.조동사다음에는항상동사원형을쓴다. 9. 허락을나타내는may

10. 능력을나타내는 can

11. 의무를나타내는must

12. 미래를나타내는will

[13~18]13~14. 대부분의동사에는 -ing를붙인다. 15~16. e로끝나는동사는 e를없애고 -ing를붙인다. 17~18. 「단모음+ 단자음」으로끝나는동사는끝의자음을한번

더쓰고 -ing를붙인다.

[19~23]‘~하고있는중이다’라는뜻의현재진행형문장은「be동사+ 동사의ing형」으로만든다. be동사는주어의인칭과수에일치시킨다.20. play는「모음+ y」로끝나므로y를 i로고치지안고그냥 -ing를

붙인다. (「자음+ y」로끝나는경우에만 y를 i로고치고 -ing를붙인다.)

21. e로끝나는동사는 e를없애고 -ing를붙인다. 22.「단모음+ 단자음」으로끝나는동사는끝의자음을한번더쓰

고 -ing를붙인다.

[24~30]현재진행형문장은「be동사+ 동사의 ing형」으로만든다. be동사는

주어의인칭과수에일치시킨다. 25, 30. have가‘가지고있다’는뜻으로쓰일경우에는현재진행형

으로쓸수없지만‘먹다’의뜻으로쓰일때는현재진행형으로쓸수있다.

Explanations

91

opening walking

making writing

swimming running

am studying

is playing

is coming

are running

is reading

I am studying English and Chinese.

Tom is having dinner with his family.

He is walking to school.

Su-mi is listening to music on the bus.

She is working at the computer.

The eagles are flying high.

They are having lunch at the school cafeteria.

92

1. 현재진행형의부정은be동사뒤에 not을쓴다. 뜻은‘~하는중이아니다’이다. → He is not sleeping. / I am not eating.

2. 조동사가들어간문장의부정은조동사다음에 not을넣고,be동사가들어간문장의부정은 be동사다음에 not을넣는다. → He can be a doctor. ⇒ He can not be a doctor.

He is a doctor. ⇒ He is not a doctor.

3. 현재진행형의의문문은be동사를주어앞으로가져오면된다. 뜻은‘~하는중입니까?’이다. → Is he sleeping? / Are you eating?

4. 조동사가들어간문장을의문문으로만들때는조동사를주어앞으로가져가고 be동사가들어간문장을의문문으로만들때는be동사를주어앞으로가져간다. → He can play the violin. ⇒ Can he play the violin?

He is a doctor. ⇒ Is he a doctor?

5. 현재진행형의문문에는be동사를써서대답한다.→ Q: Are you eating? A: Yes, I am.

Q: Is he sleeping? A: No, he isn’t.

1. He is not sleeping. = He isn’t sleeping. I am not eating. = I’m not eating.

2. 조동사가들어있는의문문에대한대답은조동사를써서대답한다. → Q: Can he be a doctor? A: Yes, he can. / No, he can’t.

Grammar Points Tips

1. She is swimming. 을부정문으로말해볼래? -She is not swimming.

2.이번엔의문문으로만들어볼까? - Is she swimming?

3.선생님이질문할테니까긍정/부정두가지로대답해봐. Are they talking? -Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.

4.질문에부정으로대답하고문장을하나더말해봐. Is he running? -No, he isn’t. He is studying math.

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4

93

1. what으로시작하는현재진행형은‘~는무엇을하고있습니까?’라는뜻으로「What+be동사+주어+동사의ing ~?」형태이다. → He is doing homework. ⇒What is he doing?

2. what으로시작하는현재진행형은Yes나No로시작하지않고what에대한내용을대답한다. → Q: What is he doing? A: He is doing homework.

3. who로시작하는현재진행형은‘누가~을하고있습니까?’라는뜻으로「Who+be동사+주어+동사의ing ~?」형태이다.→ Tom is doing homework. ⇒Who is doing homework?

4. where로시작하는현재진행형은‘어디에서~을하고있습니까?’라는뜻으로「Where+be동사+주어+동사의ing~?」형태이다.→ She is swimming in the pool. ⇒Where is she swimming?

1. 가까운사이의사람에게간단하게대답할때는주어와동사를생략하고대답할수있다. → Q: What is he doing? A: Doing homework.

2. who로시작하는현재진행형에대한대답은주어와동사로만할수있다.→ Q: Who is swimming? A: Tom is.

3. where로시작하는현재진행형에대한대답은장소에해당하는부사구로만대답할수있다. → Q: Where is he swimming? A: In the lake.

Grammar Points Tips

1. what으로시작하는현재진행형의문문을한번말해볼까?- What are you doing?

2.‘누가피자먹고있니?’라고물어볼래? - Who is eating pizza?

3.‘그녀는어디에서자고있니?’라고물어볼까? - Where is she sleeping?

4. 선생님질문에간단하게대답해봐. Who are you talkingto now? - Teacher.

확인질문

1. am, is의과거형은was이고, are의과거형은were이다.

2. be동사의과거형은과거의사실이나상태를나타낼때사용한다.

3. 주어가 I, She, He, It일때는was를, You, We, They일때는were을쓴다.→ I (She / He / It) was happy. / You (We / They) were

happy.

4. be동사의과거형(was / were)의부정은was나were 뒤에not을붙여만든다. → He was not happy. / They were not hungry.

5. was not은wasn’t로, were not은weren’t로축약할수있다.

6. be동사의과거형(was, were)의의문문은was나were을주어앞에놓는다.→Was he happy? / Were they hungry?

7. 대답은Yes나No로시작한다. → Q: Was he happy? A: Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t.

1. be동사의과거형은주로yesterday, last year, last night 등과거를나타내는말과함께쓰인다.→ I was angry yesterday.

2. be동사과거형문장의부정의문문은「Wasn’t+주어~?」의형태이다.→ Q: Wasn’t he sick last year?

A: Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t.

Grammar Points Tips

1. 다음문장을과거형으로말해봐. She is tall. - She was tall.

2.부정문으로도말해볼까? - She wasn’t tall.

3.이번엔의문문으로말해보자. - Was she tall?

4.묻는말에긍정/부정으로대답해봐. Were you happy yesterday? - Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t.

확인질문

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4

95

not

Are

What

Where

was were

not

Was

They are not writing e-mails.

Is Jane reading comic books?

Min-su is watching TV in the living room.

No she isn’t.

No he isn’t

No they aren’t

We are not listening to rap music.

Are you playing computer games?

Are they swimming in the sea?

Does

Who

Is

He is not going to school in Seoul.

[1~3]1. 현재진행형의부정문은「be동사+not+ 동사원형」으로만든다.2. 현재진행형의의문문은be동사를문장의맨앞에놓고마침표를물음표로바꿔만든다.

3. 현재진행형은「be동사+ 동사의 -ing형」으로만든다. be동사는주어의인칭과수에일치시킨다.

[4~6]대화를완성하세요. 현재진행형으로묻는말에대한대답은Yes나No로시작하고be동사로대답한다.

[7~10]현재진행형의부정문은「be동사+ not + 동사원형」으로만든다.

[11~13]알맞은단어하나를고르세요. 11. be동사에알맞은인칭과수의주어를고른다. 12. 주어역할을하는의문사who의인칭과수에알맞은 be동사

를고른다. 13. 문장의내용에알맞은의문사를고른다.

[14~18]상자의알맞은단어로빈칸을채우세요. 14. do(does)동사로대답했으므로do(does)동사로묻는다.15.‘누구’를묻는의문문이므로의문사who를쓴다. 16.현재진행형의문문이므로be동사로시작한다. 17.‘무엇’을묻는의문문이므로의문사what을쓴다. 18.‘어디’를묻는의문문이므로의문사where을쓴다.

[19~21] 질문을완성하세요. 19. ‘무엇’을묻는의문문이므로의문사what을쓴다.20. ‘어디’를묻는의문문이므로의문사where을쓴다.21. ‘누구’를묻는의문문이므로의문사who를쓴다.

[22~27] 22. be동사 am과 is의과거는was이고 are의과거는were이다. 23, 25. were의부정은were not이다. 24. they는3인칭복수이므로weren’t를쓴다. 26. 3인칭단수와1인칭단수be동사의과거형은모두was이다. 27. be동사의과거형을문장의맨앞에놓아의문문을만든다.

[28~30] 질문에알맞은대답을완성하세요.

Explanations

96

4

They were not happy at the party.

I wasn’t busy last week.

Was it a great game?

he was

I wasn’t

they weren’tWere they at home yesterday morning?

The books were not in the box.

They weren’t in the library.

What

Where

Who

What

Where

1. 과거에일어난일은동사의과거형을써서나타낸다.

2. 동사의과거형만들기(1) 규칙동사의과거형은동사원형에 -ed를붙여서만든다.→ walk - walked

(2) e로끝나는동사는끝에 -d만붙인다. → like -liked(3) 「자음+y」로끝나는동사는y를i로고치고-ed를붙인다.→ study - studied

(4) 「단모음+단자음」으로끝나는동사는마지막자음을하나더쓰고 -ed를붙인다. → stop - stopped

3. 과거형어미 -ed의발음(1) 어미가 [f], [k], [p], [s], [∫], [t∫] 등무성음인경우에는

[t]로발음한다. → stopped [stapt](2) 어미의발음이 [b], [n], [v] 등유성음인경우에는 [d]

로발음한다. → moved [mu∶vd](3) 어미의발음이 [t], [d]인경우에는 [id]로발음한다. → visited [vizitid]

4. 과거형이「동사원형+-ed」가아니라불규칙하게변화하는동사를불규칙동사라고한다. → go-went / come-came

5. read는현재형과과거형의형태가같지만발음이다르다.→현재형은 read [ri∶d] 과거형은 read [red]

1. 불규칙동사(1) 변화가없는것→ cut-cut / hit-hit / put-put(2) 모음이변하는것→ sit-sat / run-ran / sing-sang (3) 완전히바뀌는것→ go-went / eat-ate / have-had

Grammar Points Tips

1. 다음문장을과거형으로말해봐. I study math. - I studied math.

2. study는과거형을어떻게만들지? - y를 i로고치고 -ed를붙여요.

3.stop의과거형은어떻게만든거? - p를한번더쓰고 -ed를붙여요.

4.다음동사의과거형을말해봐. go - went / swim - swam /see - saw / have - had / read - read

확인질문

97

98

1. 일반동사과거형문장의부정문은주어의인칭과수에관계없이did not(didn’t)을쓰고그뒤에동사원형을쓴다.→ I walked to school. ⇒ I didn’t walk to school.

2. 현재형문장의부정문은주어가3인칭단수일때는「doesnot + 동사원형」을쓰고그외의경우에는「do not + 동사원형」을쓴다. → He swims in the pool. ⇒He doesn’t swim in the

pool.

3. 과거형문장의부정문은주어의인칭과수에상관없이항상「did not + 동사원형」을쓴다. → I (You / He / She / It / They / We) didn’t eat lunch.

5. 일반동사과거형문장의의문문은주어의인칭과수에상관없이 did를주어앞에쓰고, 동사는반드시동사원형을쓴다.→ She walked to school. ⇒Did she walk to school? → He ate lunch. ⇒Did he eat lunch?

6. 대답할때는Yes나No로시작한다. → Q: Did he eat lunch?

A: Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t.

1. did not은didn’t으로축약할수있다.

2. 부정의문문은「Didn’t+주어+동사원형~?」으로만든다. → Didn’t he eat lunch?

Grammar Points Tips

1.다음문장을부정문으로말해봐. She washed the dishes.- She didn’t wash the dishes.

2. 의문문으로도말해볼까? - Did she wash the dishes?

3. 그말에긍정으로대답해보자. - Yes, she did.

4.이번엔부정으로대답해봐. - No, she didn’t.

확인질문

4

99

1. 만날날을정하기위해날짜나요일, 또는시간을물어볼때는「How about + 요일/ 날짜/ 시간?」를쓴다. → How about this Friday? / How about 4:30?

2. 식당에서음식을주문할때는주문하는음식이름뒤에please를붙이면된다. 우리말로하면‘햄버거두개요.’라고생각해서자칫 Two hamburgers.라고말하기쉬운데 please를붙이지않고말하면마치우리말의반말로얘기하는것처럼매우무례하게들린다.

3. 식당에서자주쓰이는표현→May I take your order?

Anything to drink? Anything else? Same here.That’s all. Well done(Medium / Rare), please.

1.「How about ~?」은주로어떠한행동을제안할때사용하고「What about ~?」은상대방의의견을물을때사용한다. → Q: How about a hamburger?

A: (햄버거먹으러가자는제안에대한대답을한다.)

→ Q: What about a hamburger?A: (햄버거에대한생각을말한다.)

2. coffee나Coke는복수형으로쓸수없는물질명사이지만식당에서는간단하게 two coffees, two Cokes로사용한다.

Grammar Points Tips

1. 약속을정할때‘이번주목요일은어때?’하고물어볼래? - How about this Thursday?

2.선생님이웨이터가될게. 먹고싶은음식을주문해봐. May I take your order?- Spaghetti, please.

3.Anything to drink?- ACoke, please.

4.Anything else?- That’s all. Thank you.

확인질문

100

4

they did

wentread

saidswam

did

listened walked

liked moved

studied tried

went was

did read

said had

listened

played

went

had

met

had

got

worked

wrote

Did

Did

she did

No we didn’t

Were

wasn’t

101

[1~6]1. 대부분의동사에는끝에 -ed를붙여과거형을만든다. 2.e로끝나는동사에는 -d만붙인다.3.「자음+ y」로끝나는동사는y를 i로고치고 -ed를붙인다. 4.go의과거형은went, is의과거형은was이다. 5.do의과거형은 did, read의과거형은현재형과같으나발음이다르다.

6. say의과거형은 said, have의과거형은 had이다.

[7~11] 주어진단어를올바른형태로바꾸어빈칸에써넣으세요. 모두과거의시점을나타내는말이포함되어있으므로괄호안의동사를과거형으로바꾼다.7~8.대부분의동사는끝에 -ed를붙여과거형을만든다. 9.go의과거형은went이다.10. have의과거형은 had이다. 11. meet의과거형은met이다.

[12~15]get - got / write - wrote / had - had / work - worked

[16~19] 대화를완성하세요.16~18. 과거의행동에대해묻는말은「Did + 주어+ 동사원형

~?」형태로묻고, 이에대한대답은Yes나No로시작하고did(didn’t)로대답한다.

19.과거의상태에대해묻는말은「Was(Were) + 주어+ 형용사~?」형태로묻고, 이에대한대답은Yes나No로시작하고be동사의과거형으로대답한다.

[20~23]20. go(goes)의과거형은went이다. 21, 23. 과거의행동에대해물을때: 「Did+주어+동사원형~?」22. did의부정은didn’t이다.

[24~27]24, 26. didn’t 다음에는동사원형을쓴다. 25.「Did + 주어」다음에는동사원형을쓴다. 27. be동사다음에not을쓴다. am의과거형은was이다.

[28~29] 단어의순서를바르게놓아문장을만드세요. 28. 점심을먹었다: ate lunch (또는had lunch)

29. 과거의행동에대해물을때:「Did + 주어+ 동사원형~?」

30. ④는현재진행형문장이므로 is를써야한다.

Explanations

He went to school early.

Did she sleep well last night?

I didn’t do my homework yesterday.

Did she have lunch at twelve?

He didn’t go to school yesterday.

Did she clean her bedroom yesterday?

Mr. Kim did not take a shower this morning.

I was not a good student last year.

We ate lunch beside the river.

Did you wash your father’s car yesterday?

102

Book 4 Grammar Points

Step31

Step32

Step33

Step34

Step35

Let’sTalk

A. can을 사용한 문장can은「~할 수 있다, ~할 줄 알다」라는 뜻을 나타내는 조동사이다.

B. can의 부정문, 의문문부정문 - can 뒤에 not을 붙이면 된다.

의문문 - can을 주어 앞에 놓으면 된다.

A. will을 사용한 문장will은「~할 것이다, ~하겠다」라는 미래의 뜻을 나타내는 조동사이다.

B. will의 부정문과 의문문부정문 - will 뒤에 not을 붙이면 된다.

의문문 - will을 주어 앞에 놓으면 된다.

A. be going to의 문장be going to는 동사 앞에 쓰여「~할 예정(계획)이다, ~하려고 한다」라는 미래의 뜻을

나타낸다.

B. be going to의 부정문, 의문문부정문 - be동사 뒤에 not을 붙이면 된다.

의문문 - be동사를 주어 앞에 놓으면 된다.

A. may를 사용한 문장may는「~일지도 모른다, ~해도 좋다」는 뜻을 나타내는 조동사이다.

B. must를 사용한 문장must는「~해야만 한다」라는 뜻을 나타내는 조동사이다.

A.현재 진행형현재 진행형은「be동사+동사의 ing형」으로「~하고 있는 중이다」라는 뜻이다.

B.현재형과 현재 진행형현재형 - 현재의 사실이나 습관을 나타낸다.

현재 진행형 - 동작이 현재 진행 중임을 나타낸다.

A.계획 말하기I’m going to go... 나는 ~에 가려고 한다.

B.길 안내하기Go straight ahead. 앞으로 쭉 가세요.

Turn left at the next corner. 다음 모퉁이에서 왼쪽으로 도세요.

103

Step36

Step37

Step38

Step39

Step40

Let’sTalk

A.현재 진행형의 부정문「~하는 중이 아니다」라는 부정의 표현은 be동사 뒤에 not을 쓰면 된다.

B.현재 진행형의 의문문「~하는 중입니까?」라는 현재 진행형의 의문문은 be동사를 주어 앞으로 가져오면 된다.

A. what으로 시작되는 현재 진행형what으로시작되는현재진행형문장은「~는무엇을하고있습니까?」라는뜻을나타낸다.

B. who, where으로 시작되는 현재 진행형who로 시작하면「누가 ~하고 있습니까?」라는 뜻을 나타낸다.where로 시작하면「어디에서 ~하고 있습니까?」라는 뜻을 나타낸다.

A. be동사의 과거형am, is의 과거형은 was이고, are의 과거형은 were이다.

B. was, were의 부정문, 의문문부정문 - was, were 뒤에 not을 붙인다.의문문 - was, were를 주어 앞에 놓는다.

A.규칙 동사의 과거형「~하였다」라는 과거의 일은 동사를 과거형으로 써서 나타낸다.규칙 동사의 과거형은 원칙적으로 동사원형에 -ed를 붙여서 만든다.

B.불규칙 동사의 과거형과거형이「동사원형+-ed」가아니라불규칙하게변화하는동사를불규칙동사라고한다.

A. I didn’t walk...일반동사가 쓰인 과거 부정문은 주어에 관계없이 did not을 쓰고, 그 뒤에 반드시

동사원형을 쓴다.

B. Did he walk...?일반동사가 쓰인 과거 의문문은 주어에 관계없이 did를 주어 앞에 쓰고, 동사는 반드시원형을 쓴다.

A.만날 약속하기How about next Sunday? 다음 일요일 어때?

B.주문하기Two hamburgers, please. 햄버거 두 개요.