Gramática 7.1Reflexive VerbsUsing Infinitives

Stem-changing Verbsel 6 de mayo

Notes

• You will copy the following notes on page 159 of your INB.

• The title for this section is:Reflexive Verbs

• If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

Verb Conjugation– A verb is an action word.– Infinitives are unconjugated verbs– Infinitives in Spanish always end in –ar, -er, or –ir– Conjugation is how you change a verb to use it

with a subject.– There are specific ways to conjugate based on the

subject pronouns.• Example:

Yo soy Nosotr@s somos

Tú eres Vosotr@s sois

Usted esÉl es

Ella es

Ustedes sonEllos sonEllas son

This is true for ALL verbs!

Regular Verbs

• A “regular” verb is one that……follows standard rules when you conjugate it.

• To conjugate regular verbs:1.Drop the ending.

(-ar, -er, or –ir)

2.Add a new ending depending on who the subject is.(there are different endings for –ar, –er, and –ir verbs)

¡Me gusta la clase de español!

¡Me gusta la clase de español!

hablcom

escrib

arerir

This is called the “stem” of the

verb

This is called the “stem” of the

verb

To conjugate regular verbs:1. Drop the –ar, -er, or -ir2. Add one of these: -o -amos

-as -áis-a -an

yo

tú

usted, él, ella

nosotr@s

ustedes, ellos, ellas

-o -emos-es -éis-e -en

yo

tú

usted, él, ella

nosotr@s

ustedes, ellos, ellas

-o -imos-es -ís-e -en

yo

tú

usted, él, ella

nosotr@s

ustedes, ellos, ellas

-ar-ar

-er-er

-ir-ir

vosotr@s

vosotr@s

vosotr@s

Verbs with Irregular Yo Forms

salir (to go out)

salimos

sales salís

sale salen

hacer (to do, to make)

hacemos

haces hacéis

hace hacen

poner (to put)

ponemos

pones ponéis

pone ponen

saber (to know information)

sabemos

sabes Sabéis

sabe saben

traer (to bring)

traemos

traes Traéis

trae traen

ver (to watch/to see)

vemos

ves véis

ve ven

Hacer, traer, salir, and poner are called go verbs because you add –go to the stem to

make the yo form!

Hacer, traer, salir, and poner are called go verbs because you add –go to the stem to

make the yo form!

hago

traigo

salgo

pongo

sé

veo

Stem-Changing Verbs• In Stem-Changing Verbs, there is a of

spelling in the stem when you conjugate it in all forms except _____.

• The -to-last vowel changes in this type of verb, and it changes this way:O → ___ E → _ E → _

• How do you remember stem changers?

change

nosotr@s & vosotr@s

second

ue ie i

New Type of Verbs: Reflexive Verbs

Reflexive Verbs!

• When the doer and the receiver of an action are the same person, you use a reflexive verb.

Example: I wash my hands.

• Reflexive actions are the ones that could include “oneself” or “own” in their meaning and it would make sense:

– He bathes himself.– She washes her own hands.

• You can tell a verb is reflexive because the infinitive has –se on the end.

159I am

washing my hands.

I am washing my

hands.

He bathes his dog.

She washes the dishes.

Reflexive NOT Reflexive

The person has to be affected (their actual body), not just something that belongs to them.

Reflexive Verbs!• Reflexive verbs use their own special kind of pronouns, reflexive

pronouns.

• These can replace or be used with subject pronouns. Either way, you have to use the reflexive pronoun with a reflexive verb.

lavarse (to wash oneself)

Yo me lavo Nosotr@s nos lavamos

Tú te lavas Vosotr@s os laváis

Usted se lavaÉl se lava

Ella se lava

Ustedes se lavanEllos se lavanEllas se lavan

me nos

te os

se se

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Me lavo las manos.

Me lavo las manos.

You HAVE TO use one of these with reflexive verbs!

lavarse (to wash oneself)

me lavo nos lavamos

te lavas os laváis

se lava se lavan

Reflexive Verbs: How to conjugate

1. Drop “-se” & choose the pronoun (based on the subject)

2. Conjugate the verb (based on the subject)

a) Drop the –ar, -er, or –irb) Add your ending depending on who the subject is

Yo Me Nos Nosotr@s

Tú Te Os Vosotr@s

Él/Ella/Usted Se Se Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes

-o -amos

-as -áis

-a -an

-o -emos

-es -éis

-e -en

-o -imos

-es -ís

-e -en

I want to say “I bathe” in Spanish.

-ar verbs -er verbs -ir verbs

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bañ seme ar o

Put the pronoun before the verb

Reflex your verby!

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KATBgZ5oyIg

• http://www.teachertube.com/members/viewVideo.php?video_id=63837&title=Reflex_Your_Verby&vpkey

Reflexive Verbs Practice

Conjugate the verb in parenthesis for each blank.Copy the entire sentence and fill in the blank!1. Juan (afeitarse) por la mañana.2. Ustedes (peinarse) para el baile.3. Maribel y yo (maquillarse) cada mañana.4. Yo (secarse) el pelo.5. Tú (bañarse) por la noche.6. Rosa y Juan (despertarse) por la tarde.7. Usted (acostarse) temprano.

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Notes

• You will copy the following notes on page 161 of your INB.

• The title for this section is:Using Infinitves

• If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

Reflexive Verbs• Where can reflexive pronouns go?!– before a conjugated verb

Me lavo las manos.Me voy a lavar las manos.

• If you use a reflexive verb as an infinitive in your sentence, you can:– leave the pronoun attached to the end, BUT…– YOU STILL HAVE TO CHANGE IT!

Voy a lavarme las manos.

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Reflexive Verbs

• NOTE: After reflexive verbs, use el, la, los, or las with parts of the body or clothing. –NOT mi/mis!

(Yo) Me voy a lavar la cara. I’m going to wash my face.(Yo) Voy a lavarme la cara. I’m going to wash my face.

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160

1. Juan se afeita por la mañana.Juan va a por la mañana.

2. Ustedes se preparan para el baile.Ustedes van a para el baile.

3. Maribel y yo nos maquillamos cada mañana.Maribel y yo vamos a cada mañana.

4. Yo me seco el pelo.Yo voy a el pelo.

5. Tú te bañas por la noche.Tú vas a por la noche.

6. Rosa y Juan se relajan por la tarde.Rosa y Juan van a por la tarde.

7. Usted se acuesta temprano.Usted va a temprano.

Notes

• You will copy the following notes on page 163 of your INB.

• The title for this section is:Stem-changing Verbs

• If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

Reflexive Verbs

• If the actual verb (the part that is left after you drop the -se) is irregular in any way, you still follow those rules:– despertarse (ie)• Te despiertas a las ocho. You wake up at eight.

– acostarse (ue)• Ella se acuesta temprano. She goes to bed early.

– ponerse (irregular yo form)• Me pongo los zapatos. I put on my shoes.

– mantenerse (ie stem changer, irregular yo form)• Me mantengo en forma. I stay in shape.

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Reflexive Verbs• Some reflexive verbs can also be used as a non-

reflexive verb, but the meaning changes a little because the object (the receiver of the action) is different:

Juan acuesta a los niños. Juan puts the children to bed.Juan se acuesta. Juan goes to bed.

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Reflexive Verbs Practice

• Use 10 reflexive verbs to describe your daily activities.

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