GRADUATE SCHOOL OF PUBLIC AND INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

PIA 2574Resource Guide and Syllabus

AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT SEMINAR:Conflict, Governance and Development

Professor Louis A. Picard, InstructorFall Semester, 2015

Room 3610 Posvar Hall

Thursday, 12:00-3:00

Office Hours:

Wednesday-1:00 - 3:00Thursday- 3:00 5:00

Andby Appointment

Office: 3615 Posvar HallE-Mail: picard@pitt.edu

Office Phone: 412-624-7918University Fax: 412-648-2605Cell Phone 412-260-9709Pittsburgh Phone 412-207-2939Champion PA: Phone 412-352-8008

Home Fax 412-207-2939 (Call First)

Web Page: https://drlouisapicard.wordpress.com

Graduate Student Assistant:Jessi E. Hanson

GSA E-mail: jessi.hanson@ymail.com

(For reserve and problems, please contact GSA,copied to the instructor.

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The violence, hunger and poverty of Africa, and the economic potential, energy and mineral resources, that are often described in our newspapers, (on the bottom right-hand corner of the third section of your daily newspaper after the sports) do not exist in a vacuum. They are the products of historical and social forces that go back a number of centuries and also reflect current day world divisions about race, religion, gender and culture.

In this individualized course we will look at the origins of these forces, the reason for sub-national violence and their consequences as they affect North and Sub-Saharan Africa. Of particular importance is the question: is there a "new" Africa in terms of governance, institutional development and economic and social change?

The purpose of this course is to destroy myths and understand causality. It is to get course participants, in a small seminar environment, to start thinking and talking about the causes of poverty, political conflict and underdevelopment and to stimulate an interest in a part of the world which is very far away from and very different from the United States. It is an ambitious course in that it will require participants to have the ability to read and digest (as well as think about) a large amount of material in a short period of time.

Every effort has been made to recommend material that is clearly and interestingly written. However, there will be many concepts and terms that are not immediately familiar to you. If so, write them down and ask about them during class. In tackling the reading, take your time with it, re-read and ask questions of your colleagues and of the course instructor.

This course will be a mixture of lecture, presentation and discussion. Hopefully it will be structured and informal at the same time. Feel free to interject comments and raise questions at any point during the class. Generally, the first hour of class will be devoted to an informal lecture on the topic of the week. Following the break we will spend the remainder of the class discussing the reading for that week or listening to individual comments on a piece of reading. This format assumes that all class participants will have completed their reading in advance of the week's class.

Methodology: You should note that no two persons in this class are expected to read the same material. All students should read the material listed below as they are assigned as well as at least two of the books listed from the Historical Policy list and one book from the Discussion List. Other assigned reading will be read for use in presentations, discussion and research reports. Note: From time to time, I may hand out specialized readings upon request.

Assignments: Details on these assignments will be provided at a later point. The following will make up each grade:

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1. Short Biography. Each student is to prepare a short biography with a picture to be turned in the second week of class. This bio should also identify the two historical policy analysis books and the one discussion book that will be read. It should also identify your experience in Africa and your geographical and issue concerns (10%).

2. Weekly discussion: 15-20 minute discussion session. Discussion will focus on materials from the week before. Students should read at least one of the discussion readings and at least one of the case study materials each week and be able to discuss two policy analysis books and one discussion book during the course of the semester (To be selected by each student and assigned on a separate sheet). (30%)

3. Regional Oral Presentation and Regional Papers: Each person will make a formal presentation to the class and prepare a well written regional analysis paper (15-20 pages) which will be turned in at the end of the semester. The assignments will be established according to your region of interest (30%).

4. Final Take Home exam Paper. There will be a final paper (10-15 pages) that is based upon the readings in the course. This is not a research paper but is designed so that the student can make use of the reading identified and recommended in this class. The exam question is “Is Africa Unique in terms of its social, economic and political challenges? Answer and defend your view.” (30%).

All papers will be judged on their quality and their creative use of the reading materials assigned in the following pages. PhD students, rather than writing a paper based on readings, may prepare an article length research paper based on a proposal approved by the instructor which uses both available readings from the class and independent research.

For the regional papers it is expected that preparation will include library research. The use of the internet is authorized, with caution. Academic books and articles should also be consulted. For final exam papers, even though for Masters’ degree students, it is not a research paper; however full citations are expected.

Regional Focus: Each Student will choose one of six areas: 1) North Africa; 2) Horn of Africa; 3) Francophone (former French and Belgian territories), 4) Lusophone Africa; 5) Anglophone Africa and 6) Southern Africa. Regional book lists, which are only suggestive, are included in the reference section of this syllabus. Adjustments will be made to ensure that all interests are met in so far as possible.

Reading: Please consult the reading list at the end of this syllabus. You will find the three Required (core) books, Historical Policy Analyses and Edited Collections on reserve. The Graduate Assistant for the course will check each week to make sure the recommended readings are available in the Hillman library. Regional and discussion books will not be put on reserve and we may have to take materials off reserve after the date that it is scheduled to be discussed because of the reserve requirements.

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We would suggest not buying books until you have met with the class and discussed your choice of work assignments. Please note that it is often more economical to order books through an internet site such as amazon.com, ebay, or half.com rather than from a retail outlet. Some books are available as e-books. Students are encouraged to share books with other members of the class. Items that we know in the public domain will be indicated in the syllabus below and will not be placed on reserve. Please let the Graduate Assistant know of any articles and books that you find on the internet we have not been noted.

Required:

Alex Thompson, An Introduction to African Politics (New York: Routledge, 2010). This book takes a class analysis and a dependence approach to Africa.

Robert Bates, When Things Fell Apart: State Failure in Late-Century Africa (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2008). Bates is a public choice guy.

Patrick Chabal and Jean-Pascal Daloz, Africa Works: Disorder as a Political Instrument (Bloomington: Bloomington University Press, 1999). Focus on the practical.

Recommended (Select One) (On Reserve Only). A Second Historical Policy Book will be selected either from the list below or from the larger list in the back of the Syllabus):

Terry F. Buss, Joseph Adjaye, Donald Goldstein, and Louis A. Picard, African Security and the African Command: Viewpoints on the U.S. Role in Africa (Sterling, VA: Kumarian Press, 2011). Everything you wanted to know about AFRICOM and were afraid to ask.

Goran Hyden, African Politics in Comparative Perspective (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006). Traditional values, resistance to change and the economy of affection dominate the book.

Mahmood Mamdani, Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996). Well thought through though dense.

Michael Schatzburg, Political Legitimacy in Middle Africa: Politics, Family, Food (Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2001). A good solid thoughtful book.

Crawford Young, The African Colonial State in Comparative Perspective (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1997). The best book ever written on colonial Africa.

Crawford Young, The Postcolonial State in Africa: Fifty Years of Independence, 1960–2010 (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2012). This book says almost all there is to

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say

Summary of Reading Assignments [Six Books and about Twelve short assignments during the course of the Semester]

-Three Required (core) books-Two Historical and Policy Analysis Books (at least one marked “Recommended.”)-One Discussion Book-One Discussion and one Case Study Reading Each Week for about twelve weeks.

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Class Schedule

September 3- INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW- PRE-COLONIAL AFRICA AND THE ORIGINS OF COLONIAL RULE

Required: [These Assignments to be read by all students Every week]

Thompson, Chapter 2Chabal and Daloz, Chapter 1Bates, Introduction

Discussion Reading [Read at least one of these each week]

Van den Berghe, Race and Ethnicity in Africa, pp. 79-104Diop, "Birth of the ‘Negro Myth’," Markovitz, African Politics and Society,

pp. 19-25Oliver and Fage, Chapters 6-9Hargreaves, Chapters 1-4Crawford Young, The African Colonial State in Historical Perspective,

Chapters 1-3

Cases: [Read at least one of these each week]

Ousmane, "Black Girl," in Larson, African Short StoriesRichard Rive, "No Room in Solitaire," in Richard Rive QuartetSentongo, "Mulyankota," From Larson, African Short Stories, pp. 147-170.

Discussion Book: [From Sign Up Sheet]

September 10- THE IMPACT OF COLONIALISM, ETHNICITY AND NATIONALISM

Required Reading:

Bates, Chapter 1Chabal and Daloz, Chapter 2

Discussion Reading: [Choose One]

Michael Crowder, "Indirect Rule-French and British Style," in Markovitz, African Politics and Society, pp. 27-36

Young, "The African Colonial State and its Legacy," in Rothchild and Chazam, Precarious Balance, pp. 25-66

Markovitz, Power and Class, Chapters 1-3Davidson, Africa In History, Chapters 7-8

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Cases: [Choose One]

Sylvain Bemba,"The Dark Room," From Charles R. Larson, African Short Stories, PP. 85-100.

Luis Bernardo Honwana, "Dina" in Mphahlele, African Writing Today, pp. 315-334

James Mathews, "The Park" In Richard Rive, Modern African Prose

Discussion Book:

September 17- ETHNICITY, VIOLENCE AND THE POLITICS OF SUB-NATIONAL CONFLICT

Required Reading:

Thompson, Chapter 4Bates, Chapter 2

Discussion Reading: [Choose One]

Young, The Politics of Cultural Pluralism, Chapters 3-5 Gluckman, "Tribalism in British Tropical Africa," In Markovitz, African

Politics and Society, pp.82-93Clifford Geertz, "The Integrative Revolution," in Welch, Political

Modernization, pp. 197-218

Cases: [Choose One]

Barbara Kimenye, “The Winner,” in Charles Larson, African StoriesBessie Head, "The Deep River," in Bessie Head, Collector of Treasures, pp.

1-6.Alex La Guma, “A Matter of Taste, in Larsen, African, pp. 101-106

Discussion Book:

September 24- CULTURE, SETTLERS AND POLITICS

Required:

Thompson, Chapter 5Chabal and Daloz, Chapter 3Bates, Chapter 3

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Discussion Reading: [Choose One]

van den Berghe, Race and Ethnicity in Africa, pp. 1-75 and 276-299. L.H. Gann and P. Duignan, White Settlers in Tropical Africa Chapters 1-2Patrick Keatley, Politics of Partnership, Parts 3 and 4Sparks, Mind of South Africa, Chapters 1-3

Cases: [Choose One]

Nadine Gordimer, "Where Do Whites Fit In?" in The Essential Gesture, pp. 31-37

Nadine Gordimer, "City Lovers," in Gordimer, Six Feet of the Country (Also available in Nadine Gordimer, A Soldier’s Embrace (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1980), as “Town and Country Lovers”Richard Reeve, "Strike," in Quartet, pp. 3-15.

Discussion Book:

October 1- ONE PARTY RULE, AUTHORITARIANISM AND THE ADMINISTRATIVE STATE

Required:

Thompson, Chapter 6Bates, Chapter 4

Discussion: [Read One]

Markovitz, Chapters 6-8Coleman, Chapter 7Jackson and Rosberg, Chapters 1-2

Cases: [Read one]

James Ngugi, “A Meeting in the Dark,” in Larson, Short StoriesKuldip Sondhi, "Bad Blood," in Mphahlele, African Writing Today, pp. 99 -107Welch, "Cincinatus in Africa," in Michael Lofchie, State

of the Nations, pp. 215-237.

Discussion Book:

October 8– SOCIALISM, CAPITALISM AND AFRICAN POLITICS

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Required Books:

Thompson, Chapter 3Chabal and Daloz, Chapter 4

Discussion Reading: [Read One]

Edmond J. Keller, "Afro-Marxist Regimes" in Keller and Rothchild, Afro- Marxist Regimes, pp.1-21.

Young, Ideology and Development, Chapters 1, 2 and 3Picard, "Socialism and The Field Administrator" Markovitz, "Ghana without Nkrumah: The Winter of Discontent," in

Markovitz, African Politics and Society

Case Studies: [Read One]

Ake Loba, "A Justice of the Peace," in Mphahlele, African Writing Today, pp. 213-22

Cameron Duodu, “The Tax Dodger, in Larson, African Short StoriesAvirgan and Honey, Chapters 7-10

Discussion Book:

October 15- GOVERNANCE AND THE FAILURE OF THE AFRICAN STATE

Required Reading:

Thompson, Chapter 1 and 6Bates, Chapter 5

Discussion Reading: [Choose One]

Young, Colonial State, Chapter 7Fatton, Chapter 3Bates, Markets and States, Chapters 1-4Picard and Garrity, Chapters 1 and 8Nafziger, Introduction, Chapter 3

Case Studies: [Read one]

Norman Rush, "Bruns," in WhitesNorman Rush, "Alone in Africa," in WhitesPicard, “South Africa,” in Adamolekun, Chapter 18.

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Discussion Book:

Regional Papers: Five Page Proposals Due

October 22- THE ECONOMY: MARKETS AND PLANNING

Required Reading:

Thompson, Chapter 9 and 10Bates, Chapter 6Chabal and Daloz, Chapter 5

Discussion Reading: [Choose One]

Louis A. Picard, "Affirmative Action in South Africa, in Bayat and Meyer Coleman, Chapter 8 and 9Dumont, Chapters 1 and 19Young, Ideological Development, Chapter 4Virginia DeLancy, "African Economies" in Gordon and Gordon Understanding Contemporary Africa

Cases: [Choose One]

Norman Rush, "Near Pala," in WhitesNorman Rush, "Official Americans," in WhitesAbeh Nicol, "As the Night the Day," From Richard Rive, Modern African Prose

Discussion Book:

October 29 - THE AFRICAN CRISIS AND ITS END?

Required Reading

Thompson, Chapter 8 and 13Bates, Chapter 7Chabal and Daloz, Chapter 6

Discussion: [Choose One]

Graybeal and Picard, "Internal Capacity and Overload,"Samir Amin, "Capitalism and Development in the Ivory Coast," in Markovitz,African Politics and Society, pp. 277-288

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Nafziger, Chapters 4-5Beinart, Chapters 7-8

Cases:

Abioseh Nicol, “A Truly Married Woman” in Larson, African Short StoriesNorman Rush, "Thieving," from WhitesNorman Rush, "Instruments of Seduction" from Whites

Discussion Book

November 5 - GOVERNANCE, CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE "NEW" AFRICA

Required Reading:

Thompson, Chapter 10 and 12Chabal and Daloz, Chapter 6

Discussion Assignments: [Choose One]

Paula Brown, "Patterns of Authority in West Africa," in Markovitz, African Politics and Society, pp. 59-80.

Hyden and Bratton, Chapter 2, 12Fatton, Chapters 5, 6 and 7Coleman, Chapter 10

Discussion Book:

November 12- Special Discussion 1: South Africa: The Post-Apartheid State

Discussion: [Choose One]

Picard, State of the State, Chapters 5 and 6

Picard and Mogale, The Limits of Democratic Governance, Chapters, 6, 7 and 8

November 19- Special Discussion 2: Human Security, Foreign Aid and African Conflicts

Discussion: [Choose One]

Picard and Buss, Fragile Balance, Chapters 8,9, 10

Picard, et. al., Sustainability and Human Security in Africa, Chapters 2, 12,

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Buss, et. al., African Security and the African Command, Chapters 1, 2 and 11

November 26- THANKSGIVING NO CLASSES

December 3- THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE – Regional Presentations

December 10- Question and Answer Review Session. Regional Paper Due.

December 17- Final Exam Due

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Reference Materials

Core Books:

Thoroughly read the required text*** These books are on reserve.

***Alex Thompson, An Introduction to African Politics (New York: Routledge, 2010). This book takes a class analysis and a dependence approach.

***Robert Bates, When Things Fell Apart: State Failure in Late-Century Africa (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2008). The focus is on the relationship between economic collapse and violence and government collapse.

***Patrick Chabal and Jean-Pascal Daloz, Africa Works: Disorder as Political Instrument (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 19990.

Historical Policy Analyses [Starred Books only * or ** on Reserve

These are very important books- Read at least one of those starred* (Recommended) and one other book). The starred [*] books will be available on reserve.

**Robert Bates, Markets and States in Tropical Africa (Berkeley: University of California, 2005). Public choice approach to market failure.

Michael Bratton and Nicolas van de Walle, Democratic Experiments in Africa: Regime Transitions in Comparative Perspective (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1997). The focus is on democracy, policy reforms and multi-party competition.

*Terry F. Buss, Joseph Adjaye, Donald Goldstein, and Louis A. Picard, African Security and the African Command: Viewpoints on the U.S. Role in Africa (Sterling, VA: Kumarian Press, 2011). China, small arms, Al-Qaeda and Special Forces. It’s all here.

Naomi Chazan, Peter Lewis, Robert A. Mortimer, Donald Rothchild and Stephen John Stedman, Politics and Society in Contemporary Africa (Boulder: Lynne Reinner Publishers, 1999). Social norms, political culture and political institutions are the framework here.

James S. Coleman, Nationalism and Development in Africa (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994). Defined national politics in post-Colonial Africa.

Basil Davidson, Africa in History (New York: Collier, 1993). Note: Earlier edition does not contain assigned material.

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Robert Fatton Jr., Predatory Rule: State and Civil Society in Africa (Boulder: Lynne Reiner Publishers, 1992). Described bad leadership

L.H. Gann and P. Duignan, White Settlers in Tropical Africa (London: Penguin, 1962). Portrait of a prior era.

*Goran Hyden, African Politics in Comparative Perspective (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006). Traditional values, resistance to change and the economy of affection dominate the book.

Goran Hyden, No Shortcuts to Progress: African Development Management in Perspective (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983). Defined “exit” in Africa.

Robert Jackson and Carl Roseberg, Personal Rule in Black Africa: Prince, Autocrat, Prophet, Tyrant (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981). Bad leadership

Michael F. Lofchie, The State of the Nations: constraints on development in independent Africa (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1971). Historical essays.

*Mahmood Mandani, Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996). Passive nature of Africans caused by colonial control processes. An important book.

Irving L. Markovitz, ed. Power and Class in Africa: An Introduction to Change and Conflict in African Politics (London: Oxford University Press or Englewood, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1977). Organizational loyalty reflects the nature of class in Africa.

E. Wayne Nafziger, The Debt Crisis in Africa (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1993). The impact of structural adjustment on Africa.

Benyamin Neuberger, National Self-Determination in Post-Colonial Africa (Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 1986). Ethnic Politics and conflict.

Rolland Oliver and J.D. Fage, A Short History of Africa (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1988).The classic pre-colonial and colonial history.

**Louis A. Picard, The State of the State: Institutional Transformation, Capacity and Political Change in South Africa (Johannesburg: Wits University Press, 2006.

**Louis A. Picard and Terry Buss, A Fragile Balance: A Fragile Balance: Re-examining the History of Foreign Aid, Security and Diplomacy (Sterling, VA: Kumarian Press, 2009). The Foreign Aid Biz.

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Louis A. Picard and Michele Garrity, Policy Reform and Development in Africa (Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1984). The importance of capacity building.

**Louis A. Picard, Terry Buss, Taylor B. Seybolt and Macrina C. Lelei, eds., Sustainability and Human Security in Africa: Governance as the Missing Link (New York: Taylor and Francis/CRC Press, 2015). Special Discussion.

**Louis Picard and Thomas Mogale, The Limits of Democratic Governance in South Africa (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 2015).

Walter Rodney, How Europe Underdeveloped Africa (Washington, D.C.: Howard University Press, 1972). Dependence theory.

Donald Rothchild, Managing Ethnic Conflict in Africa (Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 1997). The focus is on culture and conflict.

*Michael Schatzburg, Political Legitimacy in Middle Africa: Politics, Family, Food (Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2001). Patriarchy and political control.

Peter J. Schraeder, African Politics and Society: A Mosaic in Transformation (Boston: Bedford/St. Martin Press, 2000). Takes a historical and cultural Approach.

William Tordoff, Government and Politics in Africa (Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2002). Tordoff examines the historical evolution of government structures coming out of the colonial experience.

*Crawford Young, The African Colonial State in Comparative Perspective (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1997). The impact of colonialism on African politics. A major book.

Crawford Young, Ideology and Development in Africa (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1982). On the politics of economic policy.

Crawford Young, The Politics of Cultural Pluralism (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1976). Models of ethnic conflict in Africa and beyond.

*Crawford Young, The Postcolonial State in Africa: Fifty Years of Independence, 1960–2010 (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2012).

Discussion Books (Read One of These Books- Not on Reserve)

Students are required to read at least one of the following Books and be able to discuss them during the week they are assigned. They will not be put on reserve but should be available in area libraries or for on-line purchase. Please identify your choice in your bio assignment.

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Peter Abrahams, Mine Boy (London: Faber & Faber, 1954)

Chinua Achebe, Things Fall Apart (New York: Anchor, 1994) (Colonial)

Chinua Achebe, A Man of the People (New York: Anchor Books, 1967). (Anglophone West Africa)

Ayaan Hirsi Ali, Infidel (New York: Free Press, 2007).

Daniel Bergner, In the Land of Magic Soldiers: A Story of White and Black in West Africa (New York: Picador, 2003).

Andre Brink, A Chain of Voices (Naperville, Ill.: Sourcebooks, 2007).

Mark Bowden, Black Hawk Down (Berkeley: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1999)

J.M. Coetzee, Disgrace (New York: Penguin Books, 2000)

Joseph Conrad, Heart of Darkness (New York, Dover, 1990). The controversial and misunderstood critique of colonialism.

Dave Eggers, What Is the What: The Autobiography of Valentino Achak Deng (San Franscisco: McSweeneys, 2006).

Peter Eichstaedt, First Kill Your Family: Child Soldiers of Uganda and the Lord’s Resistance Army (Chicago: Lawrence Hill Books, 2009).

Cyprian Ekwensi, People of the City (London: Heinemann, 1983). Nigeria

Aminatta Forna, The Devil That Danced on the Water (New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 2002).

Alesandra Fuller, Don’t Let’s Go to the Dogs Tonight: An African Childhood (New York: Random House, 2003).

Nadine Gordimer, Burger’s Daughter (New York: Viking Press, 1980) Southern Africa.

Philip Gourevitch, We Wish to Inform You that Tomrrow We Will Be Killed With Our Families: Stories from Rwanda (New York: Picador, 1998).

Blaine Harden, Africa: Dispatches from a Fragile Continent (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1990). Thi is a solid view of the continent from a very good journalist.

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Bessie Head, When Rain Clouds Gather. (London: Heinemann, 1969).

Moses Isegawa, Abyssinian Chronicles (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000).

Thomas Keneally, Towards Asmara (New York: Warner Books, 1989).

Shiva Naipaul, North of South: An African Journey (Harmondsworth: Penuin, 1980).

V.S. Naipaul, A Bend in the River (New York: Vintage, 1979)

Sembene Ousmane, God's Bits of Wood (New York: Anchor Books, 1994) Francophone.

Neil Parsons, King Khama, Emperor Joe and the Great White Queen: Victorian Britain Through African Eyes (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998).

Tayeb Salih, Season of Migration to the North (New York: New York Review of Books, 1969).

Deborah Scroggins, Emma’s War (New York: Pantheon Books, 2002).

Gillian Slovo, Every Secret Thing, My Family, My Country (Boston: Little, Brown, 1997)

Ngugi wa Thiong'o, Weep Not Child (New York and London: Heinemann, 1988) East Africa

M. G. Vassanji, The Gunny Sack (London: Heinemann, 1989). East Africa and the Asian community. Michelle Wrong, I Didn’t Do it for You: How the World Betrayed a Small African Nation (New York: Harper Collins, 2005).

Michela Wrong, In the Footsteps of Mr. Kurtz: Living on the brink of disaster in the Congo (London: Fourth Estate, 2000)

Edited Collections (On Reserve: Contain Discussion and Case Study Assignments) Christopher Allen and R. W. Johnson, eds. African Perspectives: Papers in the History, Politics and Economics of Africa Presented to Thomas Hodgkin (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1970).

Larry Diamond, Juan J. Linz and Seymour Martin Lipset, Democracy in Developing Countries; Africa (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 1988).

Larry Diamond and Marc F. Plattner, eds. Democratization in Africa (Baltimore: Johns

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Hopkins University Press, 1999).

April A. Gordon and Donald L. Gordon, eds. Understanding Contemporary Africa (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 2006).

Hermann Giliomee and Charles Simkins, eds. The Awkward Embrace: One Party-Domination and Democracy (Cape Town: Tafelberg, 1999).

John W. Harbeson, Donald Rothchild and Naomi Chazan, eds. Civil Society and the State in Africa (Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 1994).

Richard Joseph, ed., State, Conflict, and Democracy in Africa (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 1999).

Irving L. Markovitz, ed., African Politics and Society (New York: Free Press, 1970).

Donald Rothchild and Naomi Chazan, eds. The Precarious Balance: State and Society in Africa (Boulder: Westview, 1988).

Claude Welch, Political Modernization ed, (Belmont CA.: Wadsworth Publishing Co., 1971).

Pierre L. van den Berghe, ed. Race and Ethnicity in Africa (Nairobi: East African Publishing House, 1975).

Edited Collections of Essays and Short Stories. These books are on reserve.

David Cook, Origin East Africa (London: Heinemann, 1965).

Nadine Gordamer, The Essential Gesture: Writing, Politics and Places (London: Penguin, 1988). South Africa.

Nadine Gordimer, Six Feet of the Country (London: Penguin, 1982). Southern Africa

Bessie Head, The Collector of Treasures (London: Heinemann, 1977).

Ezekiel Mphahlele, African Writing Today (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1970).

Charles R. Larson, African Short Stories (New York: Collier, 1970).

Norman Rush, Whites (New York: Alfred Knopf, 1986) Southern Africa.

Barbara Solomon, ed. Other Voices, Other Vistas (New York: Mentor, 1992).

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Richard Rive, Modern African Prose (London: Heinemann, 1964) Southern Africa.

Richard Rive, Quartet (London: Heinemann, 1963) Southern Africa.

Regional Focus: (Regional Core ** ). Note. Consult edited collections for additional country studies. The lists below are only suggestive and are a bit of a Whitman Sampler for those who like chocolates. These books are not on reserve. I am happy to try to make suggestions on specific countries or issues if I am aware of them. These books are not on reserve.

Francophone Africa

Christopher Clapham, et. al., Big African States, Chapter 4 (Democratic Republic of Congo).

William B. Cohen, The French Encounter with Africans: White Responses to Blacks, 1530-1880 (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1980).

Larry Diamond, et. al., Democracy in Developing Countries; Africa, Chapter 4.

Rene Dumont, False Start in Africa (London: Andre Deutsch, 1966).

Frantz Fanon, Black Skin, White Masks (New York: Grove Press, 1967).

N. Lynn Graybeal and Louis A. Picard, "Internal Capacity and Overload in Guinea and Niger," in Journal of Modern African Studies vol. 219, No. 2 (June, 1991), 275-300.

Richard Joseph, ed., State, Conflict, and Democracy in Africa, Chapters 11, 12, and 18.

John D. Hargreaves, West Africa: The Former French States (Engelwood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1967).

John Harbeson, et. al., Civil Society and the State in Africa , Chapters 8 and 9.

Adam Hochschild, King Leopold’s Ghost (Boston: Houghton Miffin, 1998).

Goran Hyden and Michael Bratton, eds. Governance and Politics in Africa (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 1992). Chapters 3, 7, 9, 11)

**Victor Levine, Politics in Francophone Africa (Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 2004).

**Patrick Manning, Francophone Sub-Saharan Africa: 1880-1985 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999).

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O. Mannoni, Prospero and Caliban: The Psychology of Colonization (New York: Praeger, 1964).

Louis A. Picard and Ezzeddine Moudoud, “The 2008 Guinea Coup: Neither Inevitable nor Inexorable’ Journal of Contemporary African Studies vpl. 28, no. 1 (January, 2010), pp. 51-69.

Gerard Prunier, Africa’s World War: Congo, the Rwandan Genocide, and the Making of a Continental Catastrophe (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2009).

Martin Staniland, "Nationalism and Communal Partisanship: The Case of Bongouanou, Ivory Coast," in Allen and Jonson, African Perspectives. Available on Line.

Jean Suret-Canale, "The End of Chieftaincy in Guinea," in Markovitz, African Politics, pp. 96-117.

Thomas Turner, The Congo Wars: Conflict, Myth and Reality (London: Zed Press, 2007).

Aguibou Y. Yansane, Decolonization in West African States with Colonial Legacy- Comparison and Contrast: Development in Guinea, Ivory Costs and Senegal, 1945-1960 (Cambridge: Schenkman, 1984).

Lusophone Africa

**Hans Abrahamsson and Anders Nilsson, Mozambique: The Troubled Transition (London: Zed Press, 1995).

Fred Bridgland, Jonas Savimbi: A Key to Africa (London: Corgi Books, 1986).

Ronald H. Chilcote, Portuguese Africa (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1967).

Christopher Clapham, et. al., Big African States, Chapter 5 (Angola).

Basil Davidson, In the Eye of the Storm: Angola’s People (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1972).

Basil Davidson, The Liberation of Guiné: Aspects of an African Revolution (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1969).

James Duffy, Portugal in Africa (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1963).

Joshua B. Forrest, Lineages of State Fragility: Rural Civil Society in Guinea-Bissau (Athens: Ohio University Press, 2003).

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Tony Hodges, Angola: From Afro-Stalinism to Petro-Diamond Capitalism (Oxford, UK: James Currey, 2001).

**Allen Isaacman and Barbara Isaacman, Mozambique: From Colonialism to Revolution

William Minter, Portuguese Africa and the West (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1972).

Eduardo Mondlane, "Race Relations and Portuguese Colonial Policy," in Markovitz, African Politics and Society, pp. 43-53.

Eduardo Mondlane, The Struggle for Mozambique (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1969).

Malyn Newitt, A History of Mozambique (Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1995).

M. Ann Pitcher, “Celebration and Confrontation, Resolution and Restructuring: Mozambique from Independence to the Millennium” in Bradshaw and Ndegwa, The Uncertain Promise of Southern Africa.

The Horn of Africa

Christopher Clapham, et. al., Big African States, Chapters 1 and 2 (Ethiopia and Sudan).

**Christopher Clapham, Transformation and Continuity in Revolutionary Ethiopia (Cambridge University Press, 1988).

Lionel Cliff and Basil Davidson, eds., The Long Struggle of Eritrea for Independence and Constructive Peace (Trenton, NJ: Red Sea Press, 1988).

Robert O. Collins, Shadows in the Grass: Britain in the Southern Sudan, 1918-1956 (New Haven, CN: Yale University Press, 1983).

Louis Fitzgibbon, The Betrayal of the Somalis (London: Rex Collings, 1982).

Douglas H. Johnson, The Root Causes of Sudan’s Civil Wars (Oxford, UK: James Currey, 2003).

Robert D. Kaplan, Surrender or Starve: Travels in Ethiopia, Sudan, Somalia, and Eritrea (New York: Vintage Books, 2002).

I.M. Lews, ed., Nationalism and Self Determination in the Horn of Africa (London: Ithaca Press, 1983).

Andrew S. Natsios, Sudan, South Sudan, and Darfur: What Everyone Needs to Know

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(New York: Oxford University Press, 2012).

Roy Pateman, Eritrea: Even the Stones Are Burning (Trenton, NJ: Red Sea Press, 1990).

**John Prendergast, et. al., God, Oil & Counry: Changing the Logic of War in Sudan (Brussels: International Crisis Group Press, 2002).

Robert I. Rotberg, Battling Terrorism in the Horn of Africa (Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution, 2005).

Peter Woodward, The Horn of Africa: Politics and International Relations (London: I. B. Taurus, 2003).

North Africa

Shana Cohen and Larabi Jaidi, Morocco: Globalization and Its Consequences (New York: Routledge, 2006).

John P. Entelis, Culture and Counter-Culture in Moroccan Politics (Boulder: Westview Press, 1989).

John P. Entelis, ed. Islam, Democracy, and the State in North Africa (Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1997).

Ruth First, Libya: The Elusive Revolution (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1974).

Marvine Howe, Morocco: The Ismamist Awakening and Other Challenges (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2005).

Abdallah Laroui, The History of the Maghrib: An Interpretive Essay (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2008).

Michel Le Gall and Kenneth J. Perkins, eds. The Maghrib in Question: Essays in History & Historiography (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1997).

Haim Malka and Jon B. Alterman, Arab Reform and Foreign Aid: Lessons from Morocco (Washington, D.C.: CSIS Press, 2006).

Albert Memmi, Colonizer, Colonized (New York: Orion Press, 1965).

Ezzeddine Boudoud, Modernization, the State, and Regional Disparity in Developing Countries: Tunisa in Historical Perspective, 1881-1982 (Boulder: Westview Press, 1989).

Monte Palmer, Ali Leila, and El Sayed Yassin, The Egyption Bureaucracy (Syracuse, NY:

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Syracuse University Press, 1988).

C.R. Pennell, Morocco Since 1830: A History (New York: New York University Press, 2000).

Edward W. Said, Orientalism (New York: Vintage Books, 1978). The classic account criticizing imperialism in the Arab speaking world.

**Joseph N. Weatherby, The Middle East and North Africa: A Political Primer (New York: Logman, 2-002).

Yahia H. Zoubir, North Africa in Transition: State, Society and Economic Transition in the 1990s (Gainsville: University Press of Florida, 1999), Van den Berghe, Race and Ethnicity in Africa, pp. 107-135

**Yahia H. Zoubir and Haizam Amirah Fernández, eds., North Africa : politics , region, and the limits of transformation (New York: Routledge, 2008).

Anglophone Africa

Oladimeji Aborisade and Robert Mundt, Politics in Nigeria (New York: Longman, 2002).

Joseph A. Ayee, Deepening Democracy in Ghana, Two Volumes (Accra: Freedom Publications, 2001).

David E. Apter, Ghana in Transition (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1972).

Tony Avirgan and Martha Honey, War in Uganda: The Legacy of Idi Amin (Westport,CN: Lawrence Hill, 1982).

Joel D. Barken, ed. Beyond Capitalism vs. Socialism in Kenya and Tanzania (Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 1994).

Robert H. Bates, Beyond the Miracle of the Market: The Political Economy of Agrarian Development in Kenya (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989).

Henry Bienen, Tanzania: Party Transformation and Economic Development (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1970).

**Christopher Clapham, Jeffrey Herbst and Greg Mills, Big African States: Angola, Sudan, DRC, Ethiopia, Nigeria, South Africa (Johannesburg: Witwatersrand University Press, 2006).

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Christopher Clapham, et. al., Big African States, Chapter 6 (South Africa).

**Larry Diamond and Marc F. Plattner, eds. Democratization in Africa (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999), Part 3.

Goran Hyden and Michael Bratton, eds. Governance and Politics in Africa (Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 1992).

Richard Joseph, Democracy and Prebendal Politics in Nigeria The Rise and Fall of the Second Republic (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987).

Edmond J. Keller and Donald Rothchild, Afro-Marxist Regimes: Ideology and Public Policy (Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 1987).

Victor Le Vine, Political Corruption: The Ghana Case (Stanford: Hoover Institution, 1975).

Colin Leys, Underdevelopment in Kenya: The Political Economy of Neo-Colonialism (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1975).

David K. Leonard, African Successes (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991).

D.A. Low, Buganda in Modern History (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1971).

Donal B. Cruise O’Brien, John Dunn and Richard Rathbone, Contemporary West African States (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989).

Louis A. Picard, "Socialism and the Field Administrator: Decentralization in Tanzania," Comparative Politics (July, 1980), pp. 439-457. Article available on-line.

Owen Sichone and Bornwell C. Chikulo, Democracy in Zambia: Challenges for the Third Republic (Harare, Zimbabwe: SAPES Books, 1996).

Stephen Taylor Livingstone’s Tribe: A Journey from Zanzibar to the Cape (New York: Harper Collins, 1999).

Van den Berghe, ed., Race and Ethnicity in Africa, pp. 139-274.

Southern Africa

Allister Sparks, The Mind of South Africa (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1990).

**Gretchen Bauer and Scott D. Taylor, Politics in Southern Africa: State and Society in Transition (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 2005).

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Susan Booysen, The African National Congress and the Regeneration of Political Power (Johannesburg: Wits University Press, 2011).

York Bradshaw and Stephen N. Ndegwa, eds. The Uncertain Promise of Southern Africa (Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2000).

William Beinart, Twentieth Century South Africa (London: Oxford University Press, 1994).

Frank Chikane, Eight Days in September: The Removal of Thabo Mbeki (London and Johannesburg: Picador Africa, 2012).

Christopher Clapham, et. al., Big African States, Chapter 6 (South Africa).

Basil Davidson, Joe Slovo and Anthony Wilkinson, Southern Africa: The New Politics of Revolution (London: Penguin, 1976).

Cosmas Desmond, The Discarded People (London: Penguin, 1971).

Larry Diamond and Marc F. Plattner, eds. Democratization in Africa (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999), Part 2.

Jonathan Farley, Southern Africa (London: Routledge, 2008).

Andrew Feinstein, After the Party: A Personal and Political Journey Inside the ANC (Johannesburg: Jonathan Ball Publishers, 2007).

Patrick Fitzgerald, Anne McLennan and barry Munslow, eds. Managing Sustainable Development in South Africa (Cape Town: Oxford University Press, 1997).

Fiona Forde, An Inconvenient Youth: Julius Malema and the “New” ANC (London and Johannesburg: Picador Africa, 2011).

Patrick Keatley, The Politics of Partnership: The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland (London: Penguin, 1963). This Book is available on line.

Antjie Krog, County of My Skull: Guilt, Sorrow, and the Limits of Forgiveness in the New South Africa (New York: Times Books, 1998).

Janice Love, Southern Africa in World Politics: Local Aspirations and Global Entanglements (Boulder: Westview Press, 2005.

Mark Mathabane, Kaffer Boy (London: Plume/Penguin, 1986).

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Norman N. Miller, "The Political Survival of Traditional Leadership," in Markovitz, African Politics and Society, pp. 119-133.

Louis A. Picard, The Politics of Development in Botswana: A Model for Success? (Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 1987). No longer a question.

Louis A. Picard, "Affirmative Action in South Africa: The Transition to a Non-racial Public Service" in Public Administration: Concepts, Theory and Practice, M. Saheed Bayat and Ivan H. Meyer, eds. (Johannesburg: Southern Publishers, 1994, pp. 261-270

Louis A. Picard, “South Africa,” in Public Administration in Africa: Main Issues and Selected Country Studies, Ed. Ladipo Adamokekun (Boulder, CO.: Westview Press, 1999), pp. 311-327.

**Louis A. Picard, The State of the State: Institutional Transformation, Capacity and Political Change in South Africa (Johannesburg; University of Witwatersrand Press, 2006).Louis A. Picard and Thomas Mogale, The Limits of Democracy in South Africa (Boulder C): Lynne Rienner Publications, 2015).

Stanley Trapido, "Political Institutions and Afrikaner Social Structures in the Republic of South Africa," in Markovitz, African Politics and Society.

Van den Berghe, Race and Ethnicity in Africa, pp. 275-345.

Patti Waldmeir, Anatomy of a Miracle: The End of Apartheid and the Birth of the New South Africa (New York: Norton, 1997).

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