grade nine chemistry review · 2020-01-06 · grade nine exam review page 2 of 17 atoms &...

Grade Nine Exam Review page 1 of 17

Exam Review

January 2020

Here it is boys and girls, an exam is coming and you are no doubt studying hard and getting your

brain in gear for the big day!

First of all, you should spend some time reviewing the following:

1. Unit Tests – these are good examples of the kind of multiple choice and written

questions that you may see on the exam

2. Quiz Cards – Use these valuable tools to sharpen your knowledge of details and to see

where you may have made mistakes in past “quiz like” situations

3. Notes – Hey, they have lots of information! Could be useful?

Use this review sheet to help guide you through your studying. Listed below are some summaries

and tasks that you can do in preparation for your exam


Atoms & Elements

Review

Here are some questions you should be ready for when you are reviewing the Atoms and Elements Unit. You WILL be getting a Periodic Table with your exam.

1. Match the following chemical symbols to their name. H, He, Li, Be, B, C, etc.

2. What was Dalton’s model of the atom known as?

3. What was Thompson’s model of the atom known as?

4. What was Rutherford’s model of the atom knows as?

5. What was Bohr’s model of the atom known as?

Note: You should have a basic understanding of all of the major scientists, but nothing more specific

than what you needed to know for your quiz on this.

6. How did Bohr improve on Rutherford’s model of the atom?

7. Compare and contrast chemical and physical properties.

8. Compare and contrast chemical and physical changes.

9. Iron rusting in water is an example of a ________ change.

10. What’s the difference between an element, a compound and a mixture? Give an example of each.

11. What’s a pure substance?

12. What’s an atomic number? Atomic mass?

13. If an atom has 17 protons, how many electrons does it have?

14. If I know the number of protons an atom has, how can I find the number of neutrons it has?

15. Describe in detail the following aspects of the periodic table.

a) groups b) periods c) metals d) metalloids e) non-metals

f) halogens g) noble gases h) alkali metals i) alkaline earth metals.

16. If an element has one more electron than its number of protons, what will the charge on the atom

be?

17. In the most stable electron configuration, the outer electron shell has ___ electrons.

18. Draw the Bohr model diagrams for the following elements. Li, Be, C, O, Na, K, He, etc up to

#18.

19. What are the physical properties of metals, non-metals and metalloids?

20. Combine the following ions. K and I, Al and O, Na and Cl, Mg and Cl etc.

21. Be able to complete a table given atomic mass, atomic number etc. and fill in the missing

numbers.


Here are some additional questions taken from previous exams. See what you can do with these:

1. Match the scientist with the idea or discovery _____ Thomson a) The atom solid and indestructible _____ Alchemists b) Electrons (wow the atom is not solid

and indestuctable) _____ Mendeleev c) Elements are arranged in a table

according to their atomic mass

_____ Rutherford d) Electrons travel in well defined paths called orbitals

_____ Aristotle e) Electrons are found in probable locations based on their energy

_____ Dalton f) Lead can be changed into gold, we just need to work on it.

_____ Einstein g) Atoms are mostly empty with a dense region called the nucleus

_____ Bohr h) There are four elements: Earth, Wind, Water, Fire.

2. For each of the following elements, i) draw the Bohr diagram ii) state whether the element is a Metal or a Non-metal iii) give the number of electrons, protons and neutrons in the atom. a) Sodium b) Fluorine


2. con’t c) Carbon d) Calcium 3. Give an example of a physical property and a chemical property. 4. Give two examples each of physical change and chemical change. 5. How many atoms are in: a) Mg3(PO3)2 b) (NH4)2S 6. Find an element that is in the same family as Sulphur. What characteristics do

the two elements share? What does is mean to be in the same family? Is there another name for family? Can you name or identify all the families of the Periodic Table?


7. Find an element that is in the same period as nitrogen. What characteristics do the two elements share? What does is mean to be in the same period? Is there another name for period?

8. Define and give an example of an isotope. 9. Define Valence Electrons and list how many Silicon would have.


Electricity Review

Who can forget our favourite unit of the course! This section is broken

into 2 parts – Electrostatics and Current. You WILL receive a reference

sheet with your exam

ELECTROSTATICS REVIEW

1. Which of the following are true of static charges? (Circle all that are true.)

a. Like charges repel. b. Like charges attract. c. Opposite charges repel. d. Opposite charges attract. e. A positively charged object has lost electrons. f. A positively charged object has gained protons. g. A negatively charged object has lost protons. h. A negatively charged object has gained electrons.

2. A negatively-charged balloon is held above (without touching) a neutral electroscope. The presence of the nearby balloon causes the needle of the electroscope to deflect.

a. Draw the charges on "induced" or "polarized" neutral electroscope below.

b. Explain how the balloon has induced the temporary charge upon the electroscope.

Consider the negatively charged electroscope at the right for review questions #3 and #4. 3. If a negatively charged plate is brought near the top of the electroscope, the deflected straw will:

a. not move at all. b. be deflected more. c. be deflected less.


4. If a positively charged plate is brought near the top of the electroscope, the deflected straw will:

a. not move at all. b. be deflected more. c. be deflected less.

For questions #5 to #8, consider the following situation. Connor Duct (Con to his friends) takes a positively charged metal rod and touches a metal sphere on an insulated stand as shown at the right. Draw the direction of electron flow.

5. Electrons will flow until the two objects have equal ____.

a. charge. b. electric potential. c. potential energies.

6. The charge on the metal sphere will end up ___.

a. neutral b. negative c. positive

7. If an electroscope, charged up with excess negative charge, is touched and grounded, then it will end up with ___ charge.

a. neutral b. negative c. positive

8. Two like charges ________.

a. attract each other b. repel each other c. neutralize each other d. have no effect on each other e. must be neutrons


CURRENT REVIEW

1. A charge of 0.30 Coulombs has a potential energy of 400 Joules has an electric potential (i.e., voltage) of ___ Volts.

a. 1333 b. 400 c. 120 d. 0.0075

2. If a Van de Graff Generator has an electric potential (i.e., a voltage) of 600 Volts and

a charge of 0.000001 Coulombs. What is the Potential Energy of the charge?

a. 6.0 X 108 J b. 600 J c. 6 X 10-4 J

3. If you were to grab onto a single wire (while you are suspended above the ground by

the wire only) and the wire has a potential of 1000 Volts,

a. You should make sure that you are insured. b. You would not have any current flow since there is no electric potential

difference. c. There will be a current, but your resistance is so large that you will not be

electrocuted.

4. In an electrical circuit, electrons are set in motion from _____________.

a. a dry cell, wet cell or battery b. the back emf (back pressure) of motors c. the power station generator d. the electrical conductor itself e. none of these

5. The source of electrons lighting an incandescent light bulb is ________.

a. the power company b. electrical outlet c. atoms in the light bulb filament d. the wire leading to the lamp e. the source voltage


6. As more lamps are put into a series circuit, the overall current (total current) in the circuit _____________.

a. increases b. decreases c. stays the same

7. As more lamps are put into a parallel circuit, the overall current (total current) in the circuit ____________.

a. increases b. decreases c. stays the same

8. A circuit has a current of 2.0 Amps. How many Coulombs of charge pass through the circuit in 3.0 seconds?

a. 2.0 C b. 3.0 C c. 4.0 C d. 6.0 C

Consider the following light bulb for questions #9 and #10. A light bulb has 144-ohm when it is placed across a 120 V potential difference. 9. The current going through the light bulb is ___ Amps.

a. 1.0 b. 0.83 c. 1.2 d. 4.0

10. The power rating of the bulb is approximately ___ Watts.

a. 40 b. 60 c. 80 d. 100


11. Find the voltage, current, and resistance where it is needed below.


Reproduction Review

Here are some questions that should be prepared to answer as you review the Reproduction Unit.

1. Explain how fertilization takes place.

2. When referring to chromosomes “di” means…, “ha” means….

3. Compare and contrast sexual and asexual reproduction.

4. How do meiosis and mitosis differ? How are they the same?

5. What are the phases of mitosis? Of meiosis? Provide a brief description of each.

6. How are zygotes produced?

7. What are double-stranded chromosomes?

8. Give a brief summary of what happens during puberty for male and female humans.

9. Compare and contrast the differences between plant and animal cells.

10. Compare and contrast dominant and recessive genes.

11. Define the following: a) homozygous dominant; b) homozygous recessive; c)

heterozygous

12. Draw the Punnett Square for: a) FF, Ff b) Ff, Ff c) FF, ff d) ff, Ff etc.

13. The methods of reproduction in fungi are….

14. Cross-over is…

15. Describe the female reproductive cycle.

16. What the difference between genes, nucleotides, chromosomes and DNA?

17. What chromosomes can male sperm contain? What chromosomes can female eggs

contain?

18. In a Punnett square, what do the capital letters stand for? The small letters?

19. How do gene and chromosome mutations compare?

20. What’s a sex-linked trait?

21. What’s the difference between phenotype and genotype?


Here are some Reproduction Questions taken from Previous Exams

(2004 -2005)

1. In which phase do spindle fibres shorten?

a) prophase b) metaphase c) anaphase d) telophase

2. In which phase does the nuclear membrane disolve?


3. In which phase do chromosomes line up at the equator (middle) in pairs?


4. Which organisms reproduce asexually through the process of sporulation?

a) yeast cells b) fungi c) bacteria d) mold

5. Which of the following methods can be used to reproduce plants?

a) layering b) grafting c) cutting d) all of the above

6. Which process produces somatic cells?

a) mitosis b) meiosis c) fertilization d) variation

7. How many chromosomes are there in the nucleus of a human egg cell?

a) 3 b) 22 c) 23 d) 46

8. What form of reproduction is best in a changing environment?

a) asexual reproduction b) sexual reproduction c) fission d) all of the above

9. Which of the following hormones is not involved in the production of male or female

gametes?

a) FSH b) testosterone c) estrogen d) LH

10. Which hormone does the corpus luteum produce?

a) estrogen b) progesterone c) testosterone d) none of the above

11. Sexual reproduction creates more ___?___ in the offspring than asexual reproduction.

a) buds b) spores c) grafts d) variety


12. What does progesterone seem to be responsible for?

a) building up the uterine lining c) maintaining estrogen levels

b) stimulating ovulation d) all of the above

13. Which of the following is an example of a gametophyte?

a) a sperm cell b) an ovary cell c) a pollen cell d) an oocyte

14. Which of the following cells would you expect to be produced without Meiosis or

Mitosis?

a) a zygote b) a sperm c) an egg d) a gamete

15. What is the first stage of human development called?

a) zygote b) fetus c) embryo d) gastrula


use the following diagram for questions 16, 17 and 18

16. Which of the following is coated with acid in order to prevent infection?

a) A b) B c) C d) D

17. In humans, the sperm will encounter and fertilize the egg in:?

a) A b) B c) C d) D

18. Estrogen will stimulate the build up of the lining of ?

a) A b) B c) C d) D

19. Spores are produced by mitosis and are therefore….

a) diploid. b) haploid. c) triploid. d) polyploid.

20. Which of the following organs will develop first in a growing fetus?

a) the brain c) the heart

b) the central nervous system d) the stomach

A

B

C

D


Fill in the blanks on the answer page.

Use only the words provided in the answer list.

Reproduction

During interphase, a cell will replicate its chromosomes, undergo __1__, and prepare for the

first phase of mitosis.

When conditions are favourable for growth, bacteria cells often reproduce asexually by __2__.

The process of ovulation releases a __3__.

Differences in characteristics among individuals are caused by different versions of genes

called __4__ .

__5__ produces gametes, each of which contains half the required number of chromosomes.

__6__ is the longest phase of mitosis.

Plants have the ability to reproduce asexually due to special cells called __7__.

Sperm cells are created in the __8__.within the testes

A gene is a segment of DNA that is coded to produce a __9__ . The name for the neck of the uterus which must open to at least 10cm during pregnancy is the __10__.

Long Answer Questions

Reproduction

1) Prostate cancer disrupts the function and enlarges the prostate gland in men.

Fully describe how this condition could affect the chances that sperm cells will

successfully reach and fertilize an egg cell. (5 marks)

2) A “Lethal Gene” is a version of a gene that causes death whenever it is homozygous in

a newly formed zygote. If two parents are “carrying” this lethal gene, what percentage

of their children will also likely carry the lethal gene? (5 marks)

3) A red eyed woman and a red eyed man have children. Each of these children has red

eyes. Each of these children grow up, get married to other red eyed individuals and

have children of their own. In each case, however, this new generation of children have

green eyes. Explain how this “change” could have occurred (10 marks)


SOLUTIONS Here are the answers to many of the questions from this Review Package. The answers to the Longer Answer questions and more involved answers are not included here. For those questions, you should show your answer to your Science Teacher in order to verify that you are answering the question correctly

Atoms and Elements: 1. (Matching Question)

Thomson – B Alchemists – F Mendelev – C Rutherford – G Aristotle – H Dalton – A Einstein – E Bohr – D

2. (i) show your teacher (ii) Sodium (metal) Fluorine (non – metal) Carbon (non – metal) Calcium (metal) (iii) Sodium (11 protons, 11 electrons, 12 neutrons) Fluorine (9 protons, 9 electrons, 10 neutrons Carbon (6 protons, 6 electrons, 6 neutrons) Calcium (20 protons, 20 electrons, 20 neutrons)

3. LOTS to choose from, show your teacher your answer 4. LOTS to choose from, show your teacher your answer 5. (a) 11 (b) 9 6. Show your teacher your answer 7. Show your teacher your answer 8. ISOTOPE – a “version” of an atom with a different number of neutrons

(ex) “Carbon – 12” has 6 neutrons “Carbon – 14” has 8 neutrons

9. VALENCE ELECTRON – an electron in the outermost electron shell (valence shell) Silicon has 4 valence electrons


Electricity: 1. True statements are (a), (c), (e) and (h) 2. Show your teacher your answer 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (a) 6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (b)

Current Review 1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (d)

6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (d) 9. (b) 10. (c)

11. Circuit #1

V1 = 50V, V2 = 150V, I = 1A, Rtotal = 200Ω Circuit #2 V1 = 100V, V2 = 100V, I1 = 1A, I2 = 0.25A, Itotal = 1.25A, Rtotal = 80Ω

Reproduction: 1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (d) and (b) 5. (d)

6. (a) 7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (a) and (b)

11. (d) 12. (a) 13. (d) 14. (a) 15. (a)

16. (d) 17. (c) 18. (a) 19. (a) 20. (b)

Fill in the blank 1. Prophase 2. Binary fission 3. Egg 4. Variation 5. Meiosis 6. Prophase 7. Meristem 8. Seminiferous tubules 9. Gene 10. Cervix

Long Answers Show your answers to your teacher

grade nine chemistry review · 2020-01-06 · grade nine exam review page 2 of 17 atoms &...

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