grade 9 integrated science consolidated curriculum

CONSOLIDATED CURRICULUMSCIENCE

MINISTRY OF EDUCATIONNATIONAL CENTRE FOR EDUCATIONAL RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT

3 Battery Road Kingston, Georgetown Guyana, South America | Tel: (592) 225 - 6723

GRADE 91

HHydro-gen

1.008

2

HeHelium

4.002602

3

LiLith-ium

6.94

4

BeBeryl-lium

9.0121831

10

NeNeon

20.1797

5

BBoron

10.81

6

CCarbon

12.011

7

NNitro-gen

14.007

8

OOxy-gen

15.999

9

FFluor-ine

18.998403163

11

NaSo-dium

22.98976928

12

MgMagne-sium

24.305

18

ArArgon

39.948

13

AlAlumin-ium

26.9815385

14

SiSili-con

28.085

15

PPhos-phorus

30.973761998

16

SSulfur

32.06

17

ClChlor-ine

35.45

19

KPotas-sium

39.0983

20

CaCal-cium

40.078

36

KrKryp-ton

83.798

21

ScScan-dium

44.955908

22

TiTita-nium

47.867

23

VVana-dium

50.9415

24

CrChrom-ium

51.9961

25

MnManga-nese

54.938044

26

FeIron

55.845

27

CoCobalt

58.933194

28

NiNickel

58.6934

29

CuCopper

63.546

30

ZnZinc

65.38

31

GaGallium

69.723

32

GeGerma-nium

72.630

33

AsArsenic

74.921595

34

SeSele-nium

78.971

35

BrBromine

79.904

37

RbRubid-ium

85.4678

38

Sr87.62

54

XeXenon

131.293

39

Y88.90584

40

ZrZirco-nium

91.224

41

NbNio-bium

92.90637

42

MoMolyb-denum

95.95

43

Tc98

44

RuRuthe-nium

101.07

45

RhRho-dium

102.90550

46

PdPallad-ium

106.42

47

AgSilver

107.8682

48

CdCad-mium

112.414

49

InIndium

114.818

50

SnTin

118.710

51

Sb121.760

52

TeTellur-ium

127.60

53

IIodine

126.90447

55

CsCae-sium

132.90545196

56

BaBarium

137.327

86

RnRadon

222

57 71

72

HfHaf-nium

178.49

73

TaTanta-lum

180.94788

74

WTung-sten

183.84

75

ReRhe-nium

186.207

76

OsOs-mium

190.23

77

IrIridium

192.217

78

Pt195.084

79

AuGold

196.966569

80

HgMer-cury

200.592

81

TlThallium

204.38

82

PbLead

207.2

83

BiBis-muth

208.98040

84

PoPolo-nium

209

85

At210

87

FrFran-cium

223

88

RaRa-dium

226

118

Uuo294

104

RfRuther-fordium

267

105

DbDub-nium

268

106

SgSea-borgium

269

107

BhBohr-ium

270

108

HsHas-sium

269

109

MtMeit-nerium

278

110

Ds281

111

RgRoent-genium

281

112

CnCoper-nicium

285

113

UutUnun-trium

286

114

FlFlerov-ium

289

115

Uup289

116

LvLiver-morium

293

117

Uus294

57

LaLan-thanum

138.90547

58

CeCerium

140.116

59

PrPraseo-dymium

140.90766

60

NdNeo-dymium

144.242

61

PmProme-thium

145

62

SmSama-rium

150.36

63

EuEurop-ium

151.964

64

GdGadolin-ium

157.25

65

TbTer-bium

158.92535

66

DyDyspro-sium

162.500

67

HoHol-mium

164.93033

68

ErErbium

167.259

69

TmThulium

168.93422

70

Yb173.054

71

Lu174.9668

89

Ac227

90

ThThor-ium

232.0377

91

Pa231.03588

92

UUra-nium

238.02891

93

NpNeptu-nium

237

94

PuPluto-nium

244

95

AmAmeri-cium

243

96

CmCurium

247

97

BkBerkel-ium

247

98

CfCalifor-nium

251

99

EsEinstei-nium

252

100

FmFer-mium

257

101

MdMende-levium

258

102

NoNobel-ium

259

103

LrLawren-cium

266

89103

1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

2

3

4

5

6

7

1

HHydro-gen

1.008AtomicMassName

Symbol

AtomicNumber

LanthanideSeries

Alkali Metal

Alkaline Earth

Basic Metal

Semimetal

Nonmetal

Halogen

Noble Gas

Lanthanide

Grade 9 Integrated Science Consolidated Curriculum

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Week

TOPIC GENERAL OBJECTIVE

CONTENT ACTIVITIES RESOURCES EVALUATION STRATEGIES

1 Life: The microscope

Demonstrate ability to use the microscope and recognize the need for taking care of the microscope

The microscope and its purpose The purpose of each part of the microscope

Practical - using the microscope

Label parts of the microscope from a diagram

Microscope Diagram of a microscope Science in Daily Life, Book 2, Unit 1 Worksheet Grade 8 Integrated Science Week 1, Lesson 1 found at https://education.gov.gy/web2/index.php/secondary-resources/grade-8-1/grade8-worksheets/grade-8-worksheets-integrated-science?limit=20&limitstart=40

Grading of practical Grading of diagram Quiz

2 Life: Cells – building blocks of life

Appreciate that plant and animal cells are living units

Parts of animal and plant cells Similarities and differences between plants and animals cells Function(s) of the nucleus, cell wall, cytoplasm, mitochondrion, vacuole, cell membrane, chloroplast Types of plant tissues The importance of cell organelles to their functions in the plant and/or animal cell

Practical - viewing cells under

microscope and drawing of same

Viewing of DVD on the function(s) of the organelles

Microscope, onion, cheek cells DVD, Projector Science in Daily Life, Book 2, Unit 1 Worksheet Grade 8 Integrated Science Week 1, Lesson 2 found at https://education.gov.gy/web2/index.php/secondary-resources/grade-8-1/grade8-worksheets/grade-8-worksheets-integrated-science?limit=20&limitstart=40

Grading of lab report Grading of worksheets

3 Our Environment: Feeding relationships in the ecosystem

Appreciate the interdependence of organisms in a community

Definition and types of habitats, communities, population Adaptation of organisms to their communities The population of various types of vegetation can be identified using the quadrat (calculates the percentage

Field trip Calculation of percentage population Discussion

Quadrats Calculators Worksheets

Portfolio Quiz Grading of worksheets

https://education.gov.gy/web2/index.php/secondary-resources/grade-8-1/grade8-worksheets/grade-8-worksheets-integrated-science?limit=20&limitstart=40











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population) Characteristics of Terrestrial and Aquatic communities

4 Our Environment: Feeding Relationships in Ecosystem

Show curiosity about feeding relationships in an ecosystem

Know the meaning of food chain, food web, producers, consumers, ecosystem, carnivore, herbivore, omnivore, producers, prey, predator, decomposers Know how food chains and food webs are related or linked Know how energy is transferred in a food chain or web Feeding relationships and energy transfer in ecosystems The names of the three trophic levels Classify organisms according to its trophic level

Discussion Make posters of a food web and a food chain Construct a food web and explain how the energy is transformed through a food web Name an organism and identify its trophic level

Internet Materials for making posters Worksheets such as Week 10, Lesson 1, or week 8 lesson 2 found at: https://education.gov.gy/web2/index.php/secondary-resources/grade-9-1/grade9-worksheets/grade-9-worksheets-integrated-science

Grading of Posters Quiz

5 Nutrition in Plants: Photosynthesis

Demonstrate awareness of the process of manufacture of food by plants

Definition of photosynthesis Word and chemical formula of photosynthesis Importance of light, carbon dioxide and chlorophyll to the photosynthetic process Uses of the products of photosynthesis

Discussion Practical testing for the conditions necessary for photosynthesis

Materials for practical: To test a leaf for starch and To investigate the effect of light on photosynthesis Chart on process of photosynthesis Samples of soil containing organisms Worksheets such as Week 4, Lesson 2 found at https://education.gov.gy/web2/index.php/secondary-resources/grade-9-1/grade9-worksheets/grade-9-worksheets-integrated-science Science in Daily life Book 3, Chapter 4

Portfolio Grading of lab reports

https://education.gov.gy/web2/index.php/secondary-resources/grade-9-1/grade9-worksheets/grade-9-worksheets-integrated-science









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Nutrition in Plants: Food Storage in Plants

Demonstrate an understanding of the storage organs, their locations on plants, and the type of food stored

The categories of plant storage organs, namely roots, stems and leaves. Understand how the plant adapts its organs for food storage. The names and classes of food present in storage organs

Discussion Draw and label

Diagram the storage organs in a plant Science in Daily life Book 3, Chapter 4

Grading charts and diagrams

6 Nutrition in Animals: Nourishment

Demonstrate a curiosity about and be able to name the six food groups, their sources and the functions of their main nutrients Demonstrate an understanding of the causes and symptoms as well as the methods of prevention of Beriberi and kwashiorkor

Classification of food according to the six food groups and six food nutrients Balanced diet Food tests – for protein, starch, fats/oils, glucose Deficiency diseases – causes, symptoms, and methods of prevention

Viewing of DVD Practical – food test

DVD, projector Materials for test for starch, protein and fats

Grading of lab reports Quiz

7 Nutrition in Animals: Enzymes

Show an interest in the topic Enzymes in the digestion process Understand that enzymes differ from catalysts

Definition of enzyme and catalyst Conditions necessary for enzyme activity

Practical – effect of amylase on starch

- effect of ph of enzyme - effect of temperature on enzyme Discussion

Materials for practical: cooked rice, salivary amylase, iodine solution

Grading of lab reports Oral questions


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8 Nutrition in Animals: Mammalian Dentition Our digestive system

Appreciate the importance of each type of teeth Show the functioning of the human digestive system

Types of teeth – physical properties, number, function The main structures of a tooth as it relates to its functions Dental formula for names carnivores and herbivores State reasons for the differences between herbivore and carnivore dentitions Care of the teeth The human digestive system – parts and their functions

Creation of posters of the types of teeth Research and presentation Discussion

Materials for creation of poster Internet Samples of each type of teeth

Oral questions Grading of posters Quiz Grading of presentation

9

Nutrition in Animals: Our digestive system

Show curiosity about how digested foods enter the blood stream Appreciate the importance of fibre in our diet Understand how the digestive enzymes work.

Identify the places in the digestive system where physical and chemical digestions occur and state examples of each. Differentiate between excretion, secretion, and elimination using named examples Absorption of food Role of the villi Role of fiber in the diet. The enzymes of man’s digestive tract – their production sites, substrates, end products and hydrolytic reactions and their word equations

Discussion Creation of poster

Materials for creation of poster Science in Daily life Book 3, Chapter 5

Grading of posters Quiz


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10 Life: Respiration

Appreciate the importance of respiration to living organisms

Respiration and Breathing Similarities and differences between the types of respiration (anaerobic and aerobic) Write word equations for anaerobic and aerobic respiration: Aerobic: glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide and water Anaerobic: glucose = lactic acid The characteristics of respiratory surfaces

Research and presentation Discussion Viewing of DVD on respiratory surfaces Creation of posters Use the surface area to volume ratio to solve simple problems (and the effect on gas exchange)

Internet DVD, projector Materials for creation of posters Worksheets for calculating surface to volume ratios Calculators Science in Daily Life, Book 2, Unit 5

Grading of presentation Grading of posters Quiz

11 Life: Respiration

Appreciate the importance of respiration to living organisms

Gaseous exchange in plants and animals (man, fish, and insect) Importance of surface area to volume ratio in living organisms The value of anaerobic respiration in the distillation of rum (Demerara Distillers, Guyana)

Discussion Drawing Observing

Science in Daily Life, Book 2, Unit 5 Video on distillation of rum

Written assessment

12 Matter: The Composition of Matter: Periodic table

Become familiar with the periodic table

The modern periodic table Groups and Periods Basis of arrangement of elements in the periodic table The names of elements in a mixture and compound. The differences in the physical properties of mixtures and a compound.

Viewing of DVD Problem solving

DVD, projector Worksheets Periodic table Science in Daily Life, Book 2, Unit 3

Grading of worksheets Quiz


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13 Matter: The Composition of Matter: Atomic Structure and Bonding

Willingness to understand the particulate theory Show an interest in atoms and molecules Show curiosity in elements and compounds

The particulate theory of matter (Dalton’s Theory) Models of the atom The meaning of the terms atom, proton, neutron, electron, element, compound, molecule Properties of protons, electrons and neutrons Atomic structure of 1st twenty elements Types and examples of bonding Properties of substances for each type of bonding.

Research and presentation Making of models of atoms Problem solving

Internet Materials to create models Worksheets Science in Daily Life, Book 2, Unit 3

Grading of presentation Quiz Grading of models Grading of worksheets

14. Measuring acidity and alkalinity

Become familiar with the concept of pH and appreciate its application in daily lives

Definition of acid, base, pH, indicator, universal indicators, acidity and alkalinity, pH scale, litmus paper Meaning of a neutralisation reaction and be able to write and explain word equations for neutralisation reactions Examples of acids and alkalis in the home or in the lab. Applications of acidity and alkalinity in everyday life

Discussion Practical

- Making of an indicator - Classification of substances

as acidic or alkaline - Identify the pH levels of

various acids and basis Presentation: Uses of acids and bases in the home

Charts on acid and bases Materials for experiments Materials for presentation Science in Daily Life, Book 2, Unit 3


15 Our Environment: Pollution

Become aware of the types and dangers of pollution

Definition of pollution and pollutants Noise pollution Air pollution; Greenhouse effect The ozone layer: where it is, how it

Research and presentation Discussion Creation of posters showing effects of pollution

Internet and projector Materials for making posters

Grading of presentation Grading of posters


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protects life on earth, the effect of the hole on the earth, how ultraviolet rays cause cancer and blindness in humans. Water pollution; Erosion Mining activity produces silt and increases erosion Understand mercury poison in humans Sub-lethal levels of mercury pesticides and oil derivatives lower resistance to disease

Explain how global warming is affecting life in Guyana Explain the positive and negative effects of mining in Guyana Explain how to protect well water from contamination

16 Our Environment: Soil Properties Soil Organisms

Show curiosity and interest in soil properties and soil organisms

Types of soil and the effect on crop cultivation Structure, properties, weathering, and uses of soil and its components Testing soil for humus, air content, pH level, water retention, permeability Capillary action and how to measure capillarity in soil Water cycle, soil erosion and leaching Names and descriptions of soil organisms Classification of soil organisms as useful or harmful The effect of temperature and light on soil organisms

Research and presentation Discussion Practical - test samples of soil to find pH

level as well as the percentage of air by volume

Materials for practical: Samples of soil, pH paper or universal indicator, beakers, water Internet Samples of soil containing organisms Worksheets such as Week 11, Lesson 1 and 2 found at https://education.gov.gy/web2/index.php/secondary-resources/grade-9-1/grade9-worksheets/grade-9-worksheets-integrated-science Science in Daily life Book 3, Chapter 2

Portfolios Grading of lab reports






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17 Simple Mechanics: Forces and motion

Appreciate that objects move when forces are applied to them Be willing to use formula 𝐹𝐹 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 to determine the magnitude of force

The meaning of force and acceleration due to gravity SI unit of force (Newton (N) which is equivalent to 1 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘∗𝑚𝑚

𝑠𝑠2)

Formula: 𝐹𝐹 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 Advantages and Disadvantages of friction Ways of reducing friction Comparing the force required to move an object along various surfaces

Research and presentation Problem solving Practical

- Moving an object along various surfaces

Internet Worksheets Materials for practical Science in Daily Life, Book 2, Part of Unit 7

Grading of presentation Grading of worksheets Grading of lab reports

18 Forces: Magnets

Appreciate the importance of studying the effects of magnets

Definition of magnets Identification of poles of magnets Laws of magnetism Magnetic fields Electromagnetism – definition, making of electromagnet, application of electromagnetism Temporary and permanent magnets, which metals can become magnetized Explain how unknown poles can be identified Identify devices in the home which involve magnets or electromagnets Explain how lines of force can be plotted using a compass

Practical Discussion

Materials for practical (bar magnets, iron filings, paper sling, thread) Compass Science in Daily life Book 3, Chapter 6



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19 Forces: Centre of gravity

Demonstrate willingness to put ideas to explain observations regarding centre of gravity

Definition of centre of gravity Ways of determining the centre of gravity for regular and irregular objects Stability in relation to centre of gravity and base area

Research and presentation Practical Discussion

Internet and projector Materials for practical: String, pin, clamp and stand, irregular lamina


20 Simple Mechanics: Machines

Demonstrate appreciation of the importance of pulleys in our daily lives

Examples of simple and complex machines and their uses Levers (1st, 2nd and 3rd classes) The incline plane can be compared to a screw Pulleys – single and block and tackle The two different levers in the human body

Practical - Pulleys and levers

Discussion

Materials for practical: pulley, incline plane, Science in Daily Life, Book 2, Part of Unit 7

Grading of Lab Reports Quiz

21 Energy: Electricity

Appreciate the need to conserve resources that are used to produce electricity Demonstrate a curiosity in circuits

Methods to produce electricity (chemical action, electromagnetic induction, friction) Some sources of electrical energy Know the parts of a dry cell and how they function Components of a circuit and their symbols and functions (including voltage, current, resistance, power, watt) SI units for current, voltage, resistance, power

Discussion Practical activity Compare the brightness of the bulbs and ammeter readings for a series and parallel circuits

Diagram a simple voltaic cell and label the parts

Materials for practical Worksheets Science in Daily life Book 3, Chapter 6

Grading of lab reports Grading of worksheets


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22. Energy: Electricity

Demonstrate a curiosity in circuits

Making series and parallel circuits Using ammeters, voltmeters, rheostats, galvanometer, and a domestic electric meter Calculations in electricity using formulae: 𝑉𝑉 = 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼,𝑃𝑃 = 𝐸𝐸

𝑇𝑇,𝑃𝑃 = 𝐼𝐼𝑉𝑉

Calculation of cost of electricity

Practical - Making of series and parallel

circuits (attaching ammeters, voltmeters and rheostats)

Problem solving Discussion about the cost of electricity for the reason the smelting of Alumina in the Bauxite industry is outsourced in Guyana.

Materials for practical Worksheets Science in Daily life Book 3, Chapter 6

Grading of lab reports Grading of worksheets

23 Energy: Waves

Show an interest in waves

Definition of amplitude, frequency, wavelength, period, crest, trough Types and examples of waves (including transverse and longitudinal waves) Sound waves Using a diagram of a wave function to identify frequency (pitch), speed of the sound waves, amplitude and intensity

Drawing wave diagrams Discussion Demonstration

Materials for the practical’s: Tuning fork, beaker, water Worksheets Science in Daily life Book 3, Chapter 8

Grading of worksheets Grading of lab reports

24 Energy: Waves

Show an interest in waves

Light waves Demonstrate an understanding of reflection and refraction of waves

Drawing wave diagrams Discussion Demonstration

Materials for the practical’s: Tuning fork, beaker, water Worksheets Science in Daily life Book 3, Chapter 8

Grading of worksheets Grading of lab reports

25 Energy: Heat Energy

Show curiosity about conduction of heat energy

Temperature and heat energy Name of good and poor conductors of heat and their uses Transfer of heat energy by conduction, convection and radiation Convectional current

Research and presentation Practical Discussion

Internet and projector Materials for practical Science in Daily life Book 3, Chapter 7

Grading of presentation Grading of lab reports Quiz


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Heat and expansion of solids, liquids and gases Radiant energy The advantages and disadvantages of the effects of heat on materials Understand a bimetallic strip works and the purpose of the thermostat in appliances

26 Energy: Conservation of our forest resources

Demonstrate concern for the application of scientific methods and knowledge in exploiting our forest resources

Definition of biodiversity and conservation Ways in which forests are useful Conservation of forests Non– timber forest products as importance to the economy of Guyana The meaning and types of eco–tourism The advantages and disadvantages of eco-tourism in Guyana

Research and presentation Discussion

Internet and projector

Grading of portfolio Grading of presentation

27 Our Earth: Earth resources (Rocks)

Demonstrate curiosity about rocks Appreciate the

Types, formation and properties of rocks Rock cycle The names of minerals which are mined in Guyana Examples of precious and semi – precious minerals in Guyana and where they are located Uses of minerals Location of bauxite mining sites in

Field trip Presentation Discussion Chart of the rock cycle to explain the formation of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rock

Camera and notepads Samples of rocks and minerals Science in Daily life Book 3, Chapter 3

Grading of portfolio Grading of quiz


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importance of bauxite

Guyana The process of extraction of Aluminum Classify rocks using Mohs scale

28 Detecting the environment: The eye Hearing Sounds (The ear)

Appreciate that the eyes are very important to organisms Appreciate that a series of processes are involved in being able to see objects Appreciate that the ears are very important to organisms

The mammalian eye - Parts and their functions - Care of the eye - Principle involved in seeing objects

Comparison of the eye and the camera The parts of the ear and their functions Principle how sound is detected (Sound travels in waves) How a microphone and stethoscope function Care of the ear

Creation of poster of parts of the eye Discussion Demonstration with lenses of various thickness to explain accommodation Creation of poster of parts of the ear Discussion

Materials for creation of poster Model of the eye Science in Daily Life, Book 2, Unit 9 Worksheet Grade 8 Integrated Science Weeks 8 and 9, found at https://education.gov.gy/web2/index.php/secondary-resources/grade-8-1/grade8-worksheets/grade-8-worksheets-integrated-science?limit=20&limitstart=40 Model of the ear


29 Detecting the environment: The nose

Appreciate that the nose are very important to organisms

The olfactory organs How smell is detected Care of the nose

Creation of poster of parts of the nose Discussion

Materials for creation of poster Model of the nose Science in Daily Life, Book 2, Unit 9 Worksheet Grade 8 Integrated Science Week 11, found at








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Detecting the environment: The tongue Detecting the environment: The skin

Appreciate that the tongue are very important to organisms Appreciate that the skin are very important to organisms

The areas of the tongue which detect sweet, sour, salty and bitter tastes Describe tastes Care of the tongue Label parts and state the function of the skin Sensitivity varies in parts of the skin The skin aids in regulating body temperature Care of the skin


30 Soil composition

Appreciate the importance of soil to our daily life

The composition of soil – organic and inorganic Water retention and volume of air in soil Physical properties of soil and the importance of these properties Importance of humus on plant growth

Practical - Observing soil structure - The effect of humus on plant

growth Discussion

Materials for practical Soil samples, humus, measuring cylinder, water, balance Science in Daily Life, Book 2, Unit 11


31 Soil types

Show interest in the study of the different types of soil

Three main types of soil – sand, clay and loam/silt Physical properties of the three types of soil Describe samples of soils in relation to their particle size Testing and improving the pH of the soil types

Field trip Collect, name, and identify the three main types of soils Discussion Practical - Identify and compare the

physical properties of sand, silt, clay

Camera, notepads Materials for each practical Samples of different soil types, universal indicator Soil indicator Science in Daily Life, Book 2, Unit 11

Grading of portfolio Grading of lab report







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Determine the pH levels for different samples

32 Improving clayey soils

Appreciate the importance of improving clayey soils

Improving clayey soil for increased production Ways of improving clayey soils The effects of sand, lime and ash on clayey soil

Practical - Grow garden crops on

original clayey soil and on improved clayey soil

Draw graphs to show comparison of plant’s growth rate on original clayey soil ad improved clayey soil Discussion

Materials for practical Soil samples Science in Daily Life, Book 2, Unit 11

Quiz Grading of lab report

33 Improving sandy soils Making a compost

Appreciate the importance of improving sandy soils Appreciate the importance of making compost in relation to waste management

Improving sandy soil for increased production The effects of clay, humus and fertilizers on sandy soils How compost is made.

Practical - Grow garden crops on

original sandy soil and on improved sandy soil

Draw graphs to show comparison of plant’s growth rate on original sandy soil ad improved sandy soil Discussion Practical Creation of a compost using suitable materials and remains from plant

Materials for practical Soil samples Science in Daily Life, Book 2, Unit 11

Quiz Grading of lab report

grade 9 integrated science consolidated curriculum

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