good posture and postural deformities
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GOODPOSTURE
ANDPOSTURAL
DEFORMITIES
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Poor posture is the posture that
results from certain muscles
tightening up or shortening while
others lengthen and become weak
which often occurs as a result of
one s daily activities. There are
different factors which can impact
on posture and they include
occupational activities and
biomechanical factors such as force
and repetition. Risk factors for poor
posture also include psychosocial
factors such as job stress and
strain. Workers who have higher job
stress are more likely to develop
neck and shoulder symptoms.
Poor posture
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A good posture is the state of muscular and
skeletal balance which protects the supporting
structures of the body against injury and
progressive deformities, irrespective of the
attitude in which these structures are
working or resting
under these conditions, the muscles
will function most efficiently and
the optimum positions are afforded for
the thoracic and abdominal organs.
There is no single best posture for all
individuals. Each person must take the
body he / she has and make the best of
it The good Posture is the one that
suits ones own condition and the
condition of the environment.
e.g. during attention. The normal
posture will be erect, while in extreme
fatigue, the normal posture will be that
conserves energy.
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It is a visible abnormality inshape of any part of the body .
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SPINALDEFORMITIES
KYPHOSIS It is a backward angulations above
40 degrees .
Types :
I-Mobile
Compensatory { exaggerated lordosis}
Postural {bad habit of sitting inadolescence }
Muscle weakness
II-Fixed
Angular {fracture , T.B., Calvedisease}
Rounded (regular) {Scheuermanndisease , Senile kyphosis ,ankylosingspondylitis }
Treatment
1- of the cause
2-Conservative {physiotherapy , brace }
3-Surgery
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SCOLIOSIS
Lateral angulation of the spine with vertebral
rotation .
Types :
I-Non structural ( correctable , angulation
without rotation )
Postural { in adolescent girls due to bad
habit of sitting}
Compensatory {short limb , secondary
curve}
Muscle abnormalities
II- Structural { not correctable}
Idiopathic
Congenital
Neuromuscular
Treatment
1- Observation
2-Conservative {exercise , brace }
3-Surgery (curves above 50)
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ELBOWDEFORMITIES
Cubitus VarusThe carrying angle is below
normal (10-15) .
Cubitus ValgusThe carrying angle is above
normal .
The patient can not fully extend the
elbow
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KNEEDEFORMITIES
Genu VarumCauses
I- Physiological (up to 2 years )
II- Bone softening disease
III- Trauma to the upper tibialplate growth
VI- Blount disease
Genu ValgumCauses
I Physiological (up to 4 years )
II Bone softening disease
III Trauma to the upper tibial plategrowth
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HIPDEFORMITIES
Coxa Vara
Coxa vara describes anglesmaller then normal
Coxa Valga
Coxa Valga describes excessiveangle
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FOOTDEFORMITIES
Flat Foot
It is flattening of the longitudinalarch of the foot
Pes Cavus
It is high arched foot
Causes :
1- Idiopathic (Most common)
2- Neurogenic : poliomelitis , Friederich attaxia
and Charcot-Marie Tooth disease .
3- Posttraumatic : with tarsal bone fracture
4-Compartmental syndromes : High arched foot
is usually associated with clawing of the
toes.
Causes :
1- Infantile : very frequent in infant and
children-disappears with growth due to arch
development
2- Static : seen in adolescence with long standing
due to fatigue of muscles supporting the arch of the
foot .Early it is mobile but it becomes rigid later .
3- In poliomyelitis : Due to muscle imbalance
4- Traumatic : fracture of tarsal bone .
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