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APPENDIX A

ELECTRON MICROPROBE ANALYSES

GARNETS

5AM~I.E:tl ZillRlrim m R h12ril liZ R 01 1:12rd liZRH ll1 B 01-J liZ R 01 rlm!l ZHR I riml OIBRH ZHR 1-l 21!1 R I core4 LOCATION IRIS RIVER IRIS RIVER T.T.C T.T.C 'f.T.C T.T.C F.A F.A F.A F.A

SI02 37.793 37.668 34.870 37.436 35.988 37.761 36.411 36.294 36.654 36.117 Al203 9.780 14.675 0.174 9.577 0.331 9.152 2.986 1.769 4.583 0.966 Fe203 5.740 2.673 28.535 17.351 28.252 18.556 24.465 25.906 22.391 26.962 MgO 0.035 0.000 0.095 0.053 0.132 0.000 0.033 0.022 0.034 0.065 MnO 0.781 1.979 0.797 1.347 0.620 1.510 0.638 0.557 0.546 0.522 TI02 1.388 1.042 0.027 0.264 0.012 0.820 0.000 0.053 0.253 0.002

Cr203 10.129 7.239 0.000 0.000 0.012 0.000 0.000 0.012 0.000 0.000 Na20 0.000 0.008 0.003 0.011 0.000 0.012 0.008 0.012 0.010 0.000 CaO 35.855 35.408 32.900 34.288 33.955 33.735 33.617 33.594 34.952 34.287 K20 0.008 0.000 0.000 0.009 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Total 101.854 101.018 97.721 100.678 99.640 101.123 98.530 98.548 99.773 99.232

#CATIONS 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

Sl 2.972 2.934 3.024 3.000 3.050 3.017 3.070 3.077 3.033 3.060 AI 0.028 0.066 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

AI 0.878 1.281 0.018 0.905 0.033 0.862 0.297 0.177 0.447 0.096 Fe3+ 0.340 0.157 1.862 1.046 1.802 1.116 1.552 1.653 1.394 1.719

Tl 0.082 0.061 0.002 0.016 0.001 0.005 0.000 0.003 0.016 0.000 Cr 0.630 0.446 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Mg 0.004 0.000 0.012 0.006 0.017 0.000 0.004 0.003 0.004 0.008 Mn 0.052 0.131 0.059 0.091 0.045 0.102 0.046 0.040 0.038 0.037 Ca 3.021 2.935 3.057 2.944 3.084 2.888 3.037 3.051 3.099 3.112

Na 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.000 K 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

SUM 8.008 8.031 8.034 8.010 8.031 7.991 8.006 8.006 8.032 8.033

MQI,E!!! PYRALSPITE 1.82 4.24 2.21 3.19 1.97 3.41 1.62 1.39 1.34 1.43 ANDRADITE 21.86 11.21 97.76 46.82 98.03 56.53 83.94 90.13 96.93 94.71

GROSSULARITE 43.68 61.62 0.00 49.99 0.00 40.06 14.44 8.48 1.73 3.86 UVAROVITE 32.64 22.93 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

:...____

GARNETS CONTINUED

SAM£1,Ell lll R 1 ~:su:tl JJIRH lJl B l·l JJI R I tim~ :mBH lll B l-~ LOCATION STORMONT STORMONT STORMONT STORMONT STORMONT STORMONT

SI02 38.063 37.316 37.579 36.920 37.148 37.979 Al203 10.354 8.292 9.116 8.761 8.256 10.553 Fe203 15.783 18.480 17.464 17.877 18.929 16.140 MgO 0.000 0.000 0.045 0.025 0.042 0.000 MnO 1.477 1.166 1.329 1.765 1.544 1.454 Ti02 0.053 0.025 0.221 0.461 0.200 0.087

Cr203 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.010 Na20 0.000 0.000 0.010 0.010 0.002 0.000 CaO 34.438 34.063 34.664 34.270 33.885 34.338 K20 0.009 0.008 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.003

Total 100.571 100.275 100.730 100.391 100.402 100.887

/ICATIONS 8 8 8 8 8 8

Sl 3.050 3.020 3.013 2.984 3.007 3.018 AI 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.016 0.000 0.000

AI 0.973 0.791 0.862 0.819 0.788 0.989 Fe3+ 0.947 1.125 1.054 1.087 1.153 0.965

Tl 0.003 0.002 0.013 0.028 0.012 0.005 Cr 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001

Mg 0.000 0.000 0.0.05 0.003 0.005 0.000 Mn 0.100 0.080 0.090 0.121 0.106 0.098 Ca 2.942 3.003 2.978 2.968 2.939 2.924

Na 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 K 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

SUM 8.002 8.021 8.017 8.027 8.010 8.000

MQLE~

PYRALSPITE 3.29 2.59 3.09 4.01 3.98 3.24. ANDRADITE 49.40 58.76 55.31 57.65 59.66 49.49

GROSSULARITE 47.31 38.65 41.60 38.34 35.66 47.27 UVAROVITE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

PYROXENES

SAM£LEII. JlZ RH JJZ Rl-~ JIZ B~-1 JJZ B2·~ lBBH 21!1 B2·2 2H B2·J 2HB~~ JJl B2·1 LOCATION T.T.C T.T.C T.T.C T.T.C F.A F.A F.A F.A STORMONT

Sl02 54.529 54.478 53.721 53.961 53.838 53.899 53.576 53.943 53.852 Al203 0.351 0.435 0.476 0.491 0.010 0.001 0.000 0.055 0.206 FeO 5.881 5.987 6.002 14.353 7.989 8.896 10.989 8.504 7.175 MgO 14.440 14.897 14.331 14.353 12.222 10.888 9.857 11.576 12.885 MnO 0.857 0.626 0.819 0.542 1.343 1.683 1.754 1.560 1.139 Tl02 0.000 0.000 0.023 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Cr203 0.000 0.010 0.000 0.015 0.000 0.038 0.000 0.000 0.013 Na20 0.016 0.017 0.029 0.022 0.041 0.029 0.021 0.140 0.012 CaO 26.192 26.047 26.184 26.222 26.131 25.783 25.311 26.035 25.525 K20 0.010 0.009 0.028 0.021 0.000 0.005 0.007 0.014 0.000

Total 102.561 102.805 101.844 101.416 101.812 101.562 101.810 101.956 101.081

#CATIONS 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

Sl 1.979 1.969 1.962 1.977 1.995 2.014 2.013 2.003 1.999 AI 0.015 0.019 0.020 0.021 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.009

Fe2+ 0.179 0.181 0.183 0.170 0.247 0.278 0.345 0.264 0.223 Mg 0.781 0.802 0.780 0.784 0.675 0.606 0.552 0.641 0.713 Mn 0.026 0.019 0.025 0.017 0.042 0.053 0.056 0.049 0.036 Tl 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Cr 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 Na 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.001 Ca 1.019 1.009 1.025 1.029 1.037 1.032 1.019 1.036 1.015 K 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000

SUM 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 3.987 3.988 3.996 3.996

MOLE% DIOPSIDE 79.21 80.04 78.95 80.74 70.02 64.67 57.92 67.19 73.36

HEDENDERGITE 18.15 18.06 18.52 17.51 25.62 29.67 36.20 27.67 22.94 JOHANNSENITE 2.64 1.90 2.53 1.75 4.36 5.66 5.88 5.14 3.70

PYROXENES CONTINUED�

SAMPLE # LOCATION

SI02 AI203 FeO MgO MnO 1'102 Cr203 Na20 CaO K20

Total

# CATIONS

Si� AI�

Fe2+� Mg� Mn� 1'1� Cr� Na� Ca� K�

SUM�

MOLE %�

DIOPSIDE� HEDENBl:RGI1'E� JOHANNSENITE�

331 R2-2 S1'ORMONT

53.942 0.299 8.157

11.488 1.090 0.000 0.000 0.038

25.374 0.006

100.712

4

2.016 0.013 0.255 0.640 0.035 0.000 0.000 0.003 1.016 0.000

3.979

68.82 27.42

3.76

331 R3-1 STORMONT

53.768 0.253 7.925

11.740 1.190 0.000 0.013 0.012

26.200 0.019

101.408

4

2.001 0.011 0.247 0.651 0.038 0.000 0.000 0.001 1.045 0.001

3.994

69.55 26.39

4.06

331 R 3-1 331 R 3-2 S1'ORMON1' STORMONT

54.431 52.525 0.267 0.129 6.433 12.864

13.927 8.691 1.327 2.732 0.000 0.000 0.015 0.010 0.030 0.025

26.488 25.176 0.030 0.006

103.249 102.344

4 4

1.970 1.987 0.011 0.006 0.195 0.407 0.751 0.490 0.041 0.088 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.002 1.027 1.020 0.001 0.000

4.000 4.000

76.09 49.75 19.76 41.32

4.15 8.93

AMPHIBOLES

SAMPLE# 317 R 1-1 317 R 3-1 214 R 2-1 214 R2-2 331 R 1-1 331 R 1-2 325 R 1-1 325 R 1-2 LOCAll0N T.T.C T.T.C F.A F.A STORMONT STORMONT STORMONT STORMONT

SI02 50.610 50.219 51.636 51.880 50.051 48.790 50.030 45.830 A1203 2.091 2.967 2.430 1.868 1.767 2.674 2.196 4.599 FeO 23.563 21.283 20.672 20.566 27.029 27.268 25.105 28.047 MgO 6.793 8.581 9.222 9.194 5.051 4.414 5.795 3.937 MnO 3.275 3.048 2.445 2.484 2,785 3.099 2.997 3.128 TI02 0.063 0.231 0.000 0.056 0.093 0.066 0.054 0.086

Cr203 0.066 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.009 Na20 0.265 0.260 0.200 0.206 0.141 0.207 0.217 0.397 CaO 11.849 11.594 12.250 12.153 11.456 11.593 11.904 11.173 K20 0.200 0.137 0.112 0.139 0.104 0.113 0.140 0.257

Total 98.895 98.393 99.126 98.629 99.137 98.321 98.561 97.715

#CATlONS 1 5 15 15 15 15 15 15 15

SI 7.670 7.502 7.663 7.741 7.718 7.551 7.667 7.153 AI 0.374 0.523 0.425 0.329 0.318 0.488 0.397 0.846

Fe2+ 2.986 2.653 2.565 2.566 3.446 3.529 3.218 3.661 Mg 1.534 1.910 2.040 2.044 1.148 1.018 1.324 0.916 Mn 0.420 0.386 0.307 0.314 0.360 0.406 . 0.389 0.414 TI 0.007 0.026 0.000 0.006 0.011 0.008 0.006 0.010 Cr 0.008 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 Na 0.078 0.075 0.058 0.060 0.042 0.062 0.064 0.120 Ca 1.924 1.856 1.948 1.943 1.871 1.922 1.955 1.868 K 0.039 0.026 0.021 0.026 0.020 0.022 0.027 0.051

SUM 15.041 14.957 15.027 15.029 14.933 15.007 15.047 15.040

MOLE %

100Fe!Fe+Mg+Mn 60.45 53.61 52.22 52.11 65.19 71.25 66.13 73.35 l00Mg/Fe+Mg+Mn 31.05 38.59 41.53 41.51 21.72 20.55 27.21 18.35 l00Mn/Fe+Mg+Mn 8.50 7.80 6.25 6.38 6.81 8.20 7.99 8.29

MISCELLANEOUS ZONED EPIDOTE FROM STORMONT�

SAMPLE # J....R:l J....R:l SAMPLED 325 RI-rlml 325 RH 325RI·3 325 RI-core4 LOCATION LEA RIVER LEA RIVER LOCATION STORMONT STORMONT STORMONT STORMONT

MINERAL UNKNOWN ZEOLITE MINERAL EPIDOTE EPIDOTE EPIDOTE EPIDOTE

Si02 46.176 52.953 Si02 37.350 37.426 37.449 35.974 AI203 4.746 22.318 AI203 22.754 23.444 22.674 22.627 FeO 0.000 0.027 Fe203 12.899 12.658 12.929 12.868 MgO 0.000 0.000 MgO 0.011 0.000 0.000 0.000 MoO 0.000 0.017 MnO 0.284 0.242 0.268 0.235 1'102 0.016 0.103 '1'102 0.051 0.048 0.000 0.079

Cr203 0.000 0.023 Cr203 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.000 Na20 0.293 0.999 Na20 0.002 0.009 0.004 0.018 CaO 29.780 9.980 CaO 24.143 23.874 24.334 23.813 K20 0.982 3.488 K20 0.000 0.002 0.011 0.000

Total 82.347 89.994 Total 97.723 98.147 97.807 95.850

DCATIONS 8 8 DCATIONS 8 8 8 8

SI 4.148 3.984 SI 2.998 2.990 3.003 2.952 AI 0.503 1.980 AI 0.002 0.010 0.000 0.048

Fe2+ 0.000 0.002 Mg 0.000 0.000 AI 2.510 2.198 2.143 2.141 Mo 0.000 0.001 Fe3+ 0.779 0.761 0.780 0.795 1'1 0.001 0.006 Cr 0.000 0 0.000 0.000 Cr 0.000 0.001 '1'1 0.003 0.003 0.000 0.005 Na 0.051 0.146 Ca 2.866 0.805 Mg 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 K 0.113 0.335 Mn 0.019 0.016 0.018 0.016

Na 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.003 SUM 7.682 7.259 Ca 2.077 2.044 2.091 2.094

K 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 AI:SiRA1l0 0.122 0.497

SUM 8.032 8.023 8.037 8.053

PISTAClTE MOL% lOOFe3+/(AI+Fe3+) 23.69 25.72 26.68 27.08

BISMUTH MINERALS�

SAMPLE # 320Rl 320 Rl.1 320 Rl.2 320 Rl.3 311 R3 311 R2 3S Rl.1 3S R1.2 292 R2.1 292 R2.2 292R3 333R2 322R3 FORMULAR Bi Bi Bi2S3 Bi2S3 PbBi2S4 PbBi2S4 Bi5.8Te S3.6 Bi Bi2S3 Bi2S3 Bi2S3 Bi2S3 Bi2S3

S 0.008 0.000 18.966 18.914 17.294 17.340 7.954 0.018 18.786 18.708 18.775 18.864 18.715 Cu 0.000 0.012 0.557 0.550 0.000 0.026 0.000 0.140 0.384 0.363 0.399 0.729 1.080 Ag 0.000 0.013 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.057 0.020 0.000 0.010 0.000 0.025 Te 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.032 0.001 0.020 8.731 0.000 0.007 0.000 0.032 0.004 0.064 Au 0.082 0.049 0.133 0.000 0.000 0.061 0.022 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.143 0.037 Pb 0.000 0.000 1.168 0.872 28.334 28.134 0.658 0.000 0.289 0.100 0.484 1.642 2.755 8i 99.511 100.171 79.056 78.734 54.071 54.264 82.565 100.819 80.016 79.431 79.401 77.913 75.919

TOTAL 99.601 100.245 99.880 99.102 99.700 99.844 99.930 101.033 99.503 98.602 99.102 99.295 98.594

S 0.05 0.00 60.06 60.21 57.69 57.71 34.70 0.11 60.00 30.17 60.09 59.95 59.67 Cu 0.00 0.04 0.89 0.88 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.45 0.62 0.59 0.64 1.17 1.74 Ag 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.02 0.00 om 0.00 0.02 Te 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.02 9.57 0.00 om 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.05 Au 0.09 0.05 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.Q7 0.02 Pb 0.00 0.00 0.57 0.43 14.63 14.49 0.44 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.24 0.81 1.36 8i 99.86 99.88 38.41 38.45 27.68 27.71 55.27 99.33 . 39.21 39.19 38.99 37.99 37.14

NATIVE GOLD FROM STORMONT

SAMPLE # 322 R2.l 322 R2.2 322R3 322 Rt.l 322 Rt.2 322 Rl.3

Ag 9.617 10.011 10.464 10.915 10.319 10.421

Au 89.575 87.148 63.478 87.477 84.190 86.520

Hg 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

TOTAL 99.192 97.159 73.941 98.392 94.510 %.941

Ag 16.39 17.34 23.14 18.56 18.29 18.03

Au 83.61 82.66 76.86 81.44 81.71 81.97

Hg 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

APPENDIX B�

THIN SECTION DESCRIPTIONS�

OF MAJOR METASOMATIC AND�

RETROGRADE TEXTURES�

THIN SECTION DESCRIPTIONS�

INFILTRATION METASOMATISM�

Ti Tree Creek

Sample N0 73923 [256]:

This sample is typical of the granular garnet-pyroxene skarn. The clinopyroxenes

contain some fluid inclusions, range in size from 0.05 to 2 mm, are colourless in thin section,

show no pleochroism, are sub- to euhedral and are commonly poikilitic (with the inclusions

now replaced by retrograde assemblages). The clinopyroxenes from all three deposits are

salites in composition, being between 50 - 90 mole % diopside (Appendix A). These

clinopyroxenes are occasionally included in the cores of large garnets, as if the garnets

nucleated on them. More often, the clinopyroxenes are present in areas dominated by quartz

and calcite and seem to be coexisting with the garnets.

The garnets are creamy brown, large (averaging 1 mm but ranging up to 2.5 mm in

diameter), anisotropic, zoned, often sector-twinned and usually euhedral. The most euhedral

garnets always are surrounded by areas of quartz and calcite which is explained by Becke's

crystalloblastic series. This series ranks minerals according to their "force of crystallisation"

and if a mineral crystallises against a mineral that is lower in this series then the crystallising

mineral will have a euhedral form (Webb, 1974).

Sample N° 73932 [309]:

This sample is a very fme grained, light to dark green, silicious, pyroxene hornfels.

Such rocks are rare at the other two deposits due to the dominance of garnet (Fletcher's Adit)

and the extent of retrograde alteration (Stormont). This skarn unit consists of approximately

70-80 modal % equigranular satite, averaging 0.1 mm in diameter. The rest of the rock is

comprised of quartz, minor feldspar and calcite. This pyroxene hornfels is cross-cut by

numerous veins containing minerals associated with retrograde alteration and mineralization.

Sample N0 73929 [302]:

This sample is a very rare rock type, being seen at only two locations in the Ti Tree

Creek area. The rock consists of a partially replaced, stalked echinoderm-bearing biosparite

(plate 9). The limestone has been replaced by silica with minor anhedral grains of pyrrhotite.

The reaction front is botyroidal in fonn, and the transition between undisturbed limestone and

'I the combination of quartz (::=SS%), relict carbonate grains (40%) and pyrrhotite (::=S%) is

abrupt. Pyrrhotite grains define bands that run parallel to the irregular lobate fonn of the

reaction front, and occasionally infill the small holes that are characteristic of the echinodenn

arm plates.

The obvious question is: Does this metasomatic stage represent an early event (i.e. the

first pulse of granitic fluids which encounter the limestone) or a late one (i.e. the last pulse of

fluids that have moved through the underlying skarn, and in doing so have deposited all their

metalliferous content except for a small quantity of iron)? The following factors argue for a late

origin:

1) Pyrrhotite elsewhere in the Moina area is only seen in a mid to late paragenetic

position (Tables 1,2 and 3).

2) The unaffected limestone only a few millimetres away from the reaction front is not

re-crystallised, indicating that fluid temperatures were more likely to be in the range of 200­

300°C than 400-S00oC.

3) There are no pyroxenes, garnets or vesuvianites present which are the high

temperature, early metasomatic phases seen elsewhere in the area.

Sample N0 73914 [109]:

This sample represents a metasomatised and mineralized interbedded, hornfelsic shale

and calcarenite. This rock consists of three coloured bands:

1) The green calcarenite unit contains poikilitic actinolite and anhedral grains (up to 10

mm) of pyrrhotite. ,

2) The transitional zone between the calcarenite and the hornfelsic shale is a thin (less

than 10 mm) white band which is extremely fine grained «O.OOS mm) and looks to be

comprised of actinolite-(?)wollastonite-(?)vesuvianite-quartz (which could not be in

equilibrium).

3) The hornfelsic shale has a characteristic pink/purple colouration and contains very

fine grained «O.OOS mm) quartz-biotite-sericite.

The transitional white band may represent where hydrothennal fluids have moved

along the penneable sandstone layer and have interacted with the hornfelsic shale.

Alternatively this white transitional zone may represent a bimetasomatic reaction band, where

activity gradients have been sufficiently high to facilitate elemental transfer. Either hypothesis

would be troublesome to prove given the grain sizes involved.

Fletcher's Adit

Sample N0 73904 [28]:

This sample is a typical example of the metasomatised calcarenites that are positioned

stratigraphically below the massive skarn. The rock consists of large (up to 5 mm) emerald

green, sector-twinned, euhedral uvarovite garnets (Plate 19), minor clinopyroxene, fluorite,

green and brown vesuvianite (which can easily be mistaken for uvarovite and andradite garnet,

respectively) and coarse actinolite fibres.

The er-rich gamet (and to a lesser extent the vesuvianite) seems to be restricted to the

metasomatised calcarenites. The uvarovites also appear to have a slightly later paragenetic

position than the andradites, which is indicated by one uvarovite's rim incorporating a large

lath of actinolite.

RETROGRADE ALTERATION

Ti Tree Creek

Sample N0 73933 [311]:

This sample displays a zonation in the alteration assemblage which is centred around a

large vein. Furthest away from the vein, actinolite-quartz-calcite grades into chlorite-magnetite

and then into chlorite-epidote-calcite-quartz-fluorite nearest the vein. The vein contains

fluorite, quartz, calcite, epidote and pyrite.

Fletcher's Adit�

Sample N° 73903 [27]:�

This sample shows a well-defmed zonation within a major vein. From centre to rim the

zonation changes from: coarse fluorite to coarse sericitized. K-feldspar to fine grained quartz.

Then the host skarn continues the zonation in the form of magnetite to chlorite with minor

actinolite and finally to actinolite.

There is also a zonation in alteration across the length of the thin section, from

unaltered andradite to actinolite-quartz-zoisite-fluorite to the amorphous, aphanitic, brown

alteration assemblage of actinolite-calcite-iron oxides-quartz to magnetite-fluorite-feldspar and

finally to sericitised feldspar-fluorite. This spatial zonation in alteration is very similar to the

temporal sequence determined via replacement and cross-cutting relationships.

Sample N0 73901 [24]:

This sample represents extreme retrograde alteration, containing large actinolite fibres

(up to 10 mm long) that radiate in a sheath-like fashion. These areas show no evidence of pre­

o existing textures, and contain up to 95% actinolite, 5% interlocking quartz grains and minor

late Mg-rich chlorite. Bordering these areas, the actinolite is corroded by a fine grained

assemblage of chlorite-fluorite-quartz. Within this fine grained zone patches of coarse fluorite

associated. with tabular crystals of green mica exist In places the green mica can be seen to

pseudomorph the actinolite fibres.

•�

Sample N° 73920 [214]:

This is a superb example of how the actinolite (and in this case magnetite) is restricted

to zones containing clinopyroxene. Plate 28 depicts areas of equigranular salite breaking down

to fibrous actinolite and disseminated magnetite, while garnets nearby remain completely

unaltered. The lack of retrograde alteration in some garnet-rich zones may also be a result of

decreased permeability in these areas.

Sample N°s 73898 [20] and 73902 [25]:

Both samples are examples of wrigglite banding. In Sample N° 73898 [20] the lighter

coloured band consists of fluorite and chlorite (with a chlorite:fluorite ratio fluctuating from

70:30 to 60:40), while the dark bands consist of magnetite, pyrrhotite and pyrite (in varying

proportions). The banding can be almost straight, broadly curved or tightly curved (Plate 17).

The chlorite may have been either crystallised with the fluorite or was present before the

generation of these bands. The latter suggestion seems likely as the F and Fe-rich fluids would

need a permeable material to infiltrate through.

The existence of sharp angles (=15-200) in continuous bands is difficult (but not

impossible) to explain using the diffusing, alternating, supersaturating fluid model proposed

by Kwak and Askins (1981a and b). The "wrigglite" is cut by late fluorite-feldspar-opaque

veins and even later Mg-rich chlorite and minor carbonate veins.

Sample 73898 [25] is a superb example of how the abundance of fluorite crystals

increases as the fluid becomes supersaturated in F. Fluorite gradually becomes more abundant

until large amounts of crystals are precipitated in a discontinuous band, then the fluid rapidly

becomes saturated in: Fe and deposits a continuous band of magnetite ± pyrrhotite, pyrite and

chalcopyrite. Plate 30 displays the results of this alternation in supersaturation, although in this

example there is little gradation in fluorite abundance up to the band of opaque minerals.

Stormont

Sample N° 73943 [332]:

This sample represents pervasive epidote and actinolite alteration at Stormont. The

epidotes are euhedral, average 0.4 mm long and are often zoned. Coarse fibres of actinolite

(up to 0.8 mm long) are always later than the euhedral epidotes. Areas where epidote is the

dominant mineral (up to 95 modal %) alternate with areas where actinolite occurs in similar

proportions. These zones may represent pre-existing areas of garnet and salite dominated

zones, respectively.

Stormont commonly contains veins that display complex zonations, formed by late

fluids infiltrating the permeable actinolite-rich portions of the skarn and altering the host rock

types to varying degrees. A typical vein-associated mineral assemblage zonation is given

below (from central to outer regions):

- Coarse feldspar (displaying patchy sericitisation) and fluorite, with minor hexagonal

quartz, chlorite and magnetite.

- Small laths of muscovite, with their long axes orientated perpendicular to the plane

that contains the vein.

- A fine grained mosaic of chlorite (=40%), biotite (=:20%), disseminated magnetite

and pyrite (=:15%), and minor vesuvianite-sericite-K-feldspar-quartz (=:5%).

- Same as above but with no biotite.

- Euhedral epidote (=:95%) with minor disseminated opaques and quartz (=:5%).

- Alternating bands of actinolite ± quartz-opaques-fluorite and epidote ± quartz-

disseminated opaques-chlorite.

Sample N0 73938 [325]:

The dominant retrograde assemblage in this sample is calcite-iron oxides-quartz, which

is extremely fine grained, brown in colour and very late in the paragenesis. This low

temperature alteration assemblage first develops in actinolite-rich areas, but eventually can be

seen to corrode and replace garnets and epidotes. In hand specimen and thin section, this

brown pervasive retrograde assemblage can be seen to originate from fractures and inftltrate

the more permeable zones in the host (usually actinolite and chlorite dominated rock types).

Sample N0 73941 [330]:

A temporal zonation in retrograde alteration is well-preserved in this rock type. The

three zones outlined below (from least altered to most) are approximately 10 mm in width and

grade into one another over 1-1.5 mm.

1) Relatively unaltered skarn consisting of zoned, sector-twinned, anisotropic garnets

with mottled cores (70%), interstitial calcite (20%), and some epidote (occasionally included in

the rims of the garnets) and actinolite laths (10%). Salite pseudomorphs are present (now

calcite and actinolite), and both the garnets and epidotes have rims that are mildly embayed.

2) A granular aggregate of euhedral epidote (89%), interstitial quartz (8%) and minor

actinolite-calcite (2%). The small amounts of actinolite and calcite seem to originate from

epidote corrosion.

3) The most altered area of the skarn, consisting of the retrograde assemblage actinolite

(50%), calcite(30%), epidote (9%) and a later brown aphanitic alteration assemblage (10%).

The epidote in this zone is strongly embayed.

The above zonation represents the retrograde paragenetic sequence from garnet to

epidote-quartz to actinolite-calcite.

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ESTIMATION OF SALINITY AND pH

a) Salinity:

From fluid inclusion studies at Shepherd and Murphy (2 km east of Ti Tree Creek), the

average ore-forming fluid is known to have had a salinity of approximately 30-40 wt % NaCl

(Kwak and Askins, 1981). Stormont is however situated in a more distal position to the

under-lying granite, and has it's Bi- Au mineralizing stage positioned very late in it's

paragenesis. Therefore, Stormont should have ore-forming fluids that are less saline than

those at Shepherd and Murphy.

The conversion from wt % NaCI to M NaCI is as follows:

30 wt % NaCI =5.13 M NaCI

40 wt % NaCI =6.80 M NaCI

Therefore a reasonable estimate for the salinity of the ore-forming fluids at Storrnont (as well

as Fletcher's Adit and Ti Tree Creek) is::=4 M NaCl.

Thus, log acr = 100.602

J

b) pH:

3KAlSi30S + 2H+ =KA13Si3010(OHh + 2K+ + 6Si02

[3K-feldspar +2H+ =Muscovite +2K+ + 6Quartz]

Therefore log K =2log aK+ + 2pH

at 250 QC log Keq = 8.12 (Helgeson, 1969, P 779)

Let aK+ = 10-1.0 (Huston and Large, 1988, p 9)

Thus , pH = 5.05 o

This pH defines the boundary between the muscovite and K-feldspar stability fields.

Muscovite is stable at pHs < 5.05, while K-feldspar is stable at pHs > 5.05, given that T =

250 QC and aK+ =10-1.0.

Stormont has greisen veins which contain abundant muscovite and only minor K­

feldspar, thus a good approximation of the pH of the ore-forming fluids at Stormont would be

• 4.

Fletcher's Adit has more K-feldspar than Stormont, but muscovite still dominates over

K-feldspar, thus the approximate pH of mineralising fluids was usually 4, but occasionally

reached 5-6.

Ti Tree Creek has only minor K-feldspar (very late) and virtually no muscovite, thus

here the pH is difficult to estimate with any degree of certainty.

)

THERMODYNAMIC CALCULATIONS

POSITION OF BISMUTHINITE (Bm) - BISMUTH (Bi) TRANSITION:

Thermodynamics:�

1) 4Bi + 2H2S +02 =2Bi2S3 +H20�

log Keq (2500 C)= 44.62�

log Keq (3000 C)= 39.04�

log Keq (350°C)= 34.55�

2) 4Bi +2HS04- +2H+ = 2Bi2S3 +2H20 +302�

log Keq (2500 C)= -79.02�

log Keq (3000 C)= -67.76�

log Keq (350°C)= -55.85�

From Ohmoto et. al. (1983) and Craig and Barton (1973)

F02 Vs pH

Equation 1: log Keq= -2log a H2S - log F02

Equation 2: log Keq= 3log F02 -2log aH2S +2pH

Therefore for equation 1.... Assume a aH2S= 10-2, then log F02= -35.04

(which is independent of pH).

Therefore for equation 2.... Assume a pH=4, then log F02=-29.01

Assume a pH=2, then log F02=-27.67

F02 Vs T

Thermodynamic data from Huston and Large (1989), being originally from Barton

(1984), He1geson (1969), Bowers et. al. (1984), and Seward (1973).

LOCATION OF H2S-S042- TRANSITION:

H2S +202 =2H+ + S042- log Keq (250°C)=56.55

log Keq (300°C)=47.32

Therefore... log Keq = -2pH - 2log F02

at 250 QC -----> log F02 =-32.27

at 300 QC -----> log F02 =-27.66 (where pH =4)

LOCATION OF H2S-HS04- TRANSITION:

H2S +202 = H+ + HS04- log Keq (250QC)= 61.82

log Keq (300QC)= 53.40

Therefore... log Keq = -2log F02 -pH

at 100 QC -----> log F02 =-50.64

at 200 QC -----> log F02 =-37.67

at 300 QC -----> log F02 =-28.70

at 350 QC -----> log F02 =-24.60

(at pH = 4 and:LS = 10-2, the HS04- species dominates over S042-)

POSITION OF BISMUTHINITE (Bm) - BISMUTH (Bi) TRANSITION:

1) IN H2S AREA: Using equation 1, and :LS=1O-2...

at 250 QC -----> log F02 = -40.62

at 300 QC -----> log F02 =- 35.04

at 350 QC -----> log F02 = -30.33

2) IN HS04- AREA: Using equation 2, a pH=4 and :LS=10-2...

at 250 QC -----> log F02 = -30.34

at 300 QC -----> log F02 =- 26.59

at 350 QC -----> log F02 = -22.62

POSITION OF Fe-S-O PHASES in LOG F02 / T SPACE:

a) Fe203 = FeS2 (in the HS04- field):

4FeS2 + 8H20 +1502 =2Fe203 + 8HS04- +8H+�

log Keq (100QC)= 670.35�

log Keq (1500C)= 572.59�

log Keq (200QC)= 494.31

log Keq (300QC)= 372.21

log Keq (350QC)= 311.44

Therefore ... log Keq = -48 - 15 log F02 (Where pH = 4 and LS = 10 -2)

at 100 QC -----> log F02 =-47.89

at 150 QC -----> log F02 =-41.37

at 200 QC -----> log F02 =-36.15

at 300 QC -----> log F02 =-28.01

at 350 QC -----> log F02 =-23.96

b) FeS =FeS2 (in the H2S field):

2FeS2 + 2H20 = 2FeS + 2H2S + 02

log Keq (lOOQC)= -71.46

log Keq (200QC)= -52.09

Therefore... log Keq =-4 + log F02 (Where LS = 10 -2)

at 100 QC -----> log F02 =-67.46

at 200 QC -----> log F02 =-48.09

c) FeS = Fe304 (in the H2S field):

6FeS + 6H20 + 02 = 2Fe30 4 + 6H2S

log Keq (lOOQC)= 25.14

log Keq (200QC)= 21.41

log Keq (250QC)= 20.01

log Keq (300QC)= 19.39

Therefore... log Keq =-12 - log F02 (Where LS = 10 -2)

at 100 QC -----> log F02 =-37.14

at 200 QC -----> log F02 =-33.41

at 250 QC -----> log F02 =-32.01

at 300 QC -----> log F02 =-31.39

d) Fe304 = Fe203 (in the H2S field):

4Fe304 + 02 =6Fe203

log Keq (250QC)= 35.32

log Keq (350QC)= 27.44

Therefore... log Keq =- log F02

at 250 QC -----> log F02 =-35.32

at 350 QC -----> log F02 =-27.44

POSITION OF Au(HSh- < M> AuCI2- SWITCH-OVER LINE:

a) 4AuC12- + 8HS04- = 4Au(HSh- + 8Cl- +1602

log Keq (150QC)= -650.06

log Keq (200QC)= -567.32

log Keq (250QC)= -500.16

log Keq (300QC)= -442.56

Therefore in the HS04- field, the switch-over line is defined by :

log Keq= 8log aCl- + 16log F02 - 8log aHS04­

(where aCI- =4 and I,S = 10 -2)

at 150 QC -----> log F02 =-39.93

at 200 QC -----> log F02 =-34.76

at 250 QC -----> log F02 =-30.56

at 300 QC -----> log F02 =-26.96

) b) 4AuC12- + 8H2S = 4Au(HSh- + 8Cl- + 8H+

log Keq= 8log aCI- - 8pH - 8log aH2S

(where aCI- =4, I,S = 10 -2 and pH = 4)

Therefore log Keq = -11.2

Which coincides with a temperature of 278.7 QC

Au SOLUBILITY CONTOURS:

a) Activities for Au complexes:

1 ppmAu = 5.076xlO-6 M

100 ppb Au =5.076xlO-7 M

10 ppb Au = 5.076xlO-8 M

1 ppb Au = 5.076xlO-9 M

0.01 ppb Au = 5.076xlO-11 M

b) Au(HSh- contours in S04-2 field:

4Au + 8S042- + 12H+ = 4 Au(HSh- + 2H20 + 1502

Therefore� log Keq = 4log aAu(HSh- + 64 + 15log F02

(Where pH = 4 and LS = 10-2)

log Keq (150QC)= -611.50

log Keq (200QC)= -521.48

1) 0.01 ppb: at 150 QC -----> log F02 =-42.30�

at 200 QC -----> log F02 =-36.29�

2) 1 ppb: at 150 QC -----> log F02 =-42.82�

at 200 QC -----> log F02 =-36.82�

3) 10 ppb: at 150 QC -----> log F02 =-43.09�

at 200 QC -----> log F02 =-37.0�

4) 100 ppb: at 150 QC -----> log F02 =-43.54�

at 200 QC -----> log F02 =-37.35�

c) Au(HSh- contours in H2S field:

4Au + 8H2S + 02 = 4 Au(HSh- + 4H+ + 2H20

Therefore� log Keq = 4log aAu(HSh- - log F02�

(Where pH = 4 and LS = 10-2)�

log Keq (l50QC)= 21.62�

log Keq (200QC)= 13.4�

1) 0.01 ppb:� at 150 QC -----> log F02 =-62.8

at 200 QC -----> log F02 =-54.58�

2) 1 ppb: at 150 QC -----> log F02 =-54.80�

at 200 QC -----> log F02 =-46.58�

3) lOppb: at 150 QC -----> log F02 =-50.80�

at 200 QC -----> log F02 =-42.58�

4) 100 ppb: at 150 QC -----> log F02 =-46.80�

at 200 QC -----> log F02 =-38.32�

d)� AuCI- contours:

4Au + SCI- + 4H+ + 02 = 4AuC12- + 2H20

Therefore log Keq = 4log aAuCl2- + 11.18 - log F02

(Where pH = 4 and ItS = 10-2)

log Keq (150QC)= 8.8

log Keq (300QC)= 14.1

1) 1 ppb: at 150 QC -----> log F02 =-30.80�

at 300 QC -----> log F02 =-36.10�

2) lOppb: at 150 QC -----> log F02 =-26.80�

at 300 QC -----> log F02 =-32.10�

3) 100 ppb: at 150 QC -----> log F02 =-22.80�

at 300 QC -----> log F02 =-28.10�

4) 1 ppm: at 150 QC -----> log F02 =-18.80�

at 300 QC -----> log F02 =-24.10�

FS2 Vs F02

4Bi + 2HS04- + 2H+ =2Bi2S3 + 2H20 + 302

Therefore log Keq = 3log F02 - 2log FS2 + 8 (Where pH=4 and I,S=1O-2)

Assume T=300 QC then log Keq = -67.76

Therefore:� at log FS2 = -10 -----> log F02 = -31.92

at log FS2 = -20 -----> log F02 = -38.59

APPENDIX D

STRATIGRAPHIC VARIATIONS IN METAL�

CONTENT FOR SD 3, FD 7 AND FD 8�

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STORMONT SD 3STORMONT SD 3

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:J • •• • •

E a. .3: ::::l

C,,)

o I i i 0 i ' I i I 10 20 30 40 50 ~11I111I1lI11I1I1I1II

DEPTH (m)

70

60-1 • 50-1 • 40 -I.

:j • • •• • • •• ••• • •• • • •10 • •• •••• •

c Cl)

E a. a.-

300 I 0

10 20 30 40 50 ~1I1l1111111111111111

DEPTH (m)

••

•• ••• •• •• ••• •

• • • •

• •

.. ••

••

200

o I. •

100

-E a. a.-en «

o I 0 ••, ••••, •••~••••,.••• , •• ,. I 10 20 30 40 50

t.'%~'t~>M<566a111ll11111111l1l1111

DEPTH (m)

300

j •

200­

100 I. •

E a. a.

m

DEPTH (m)

t'-:v:'-..-v-V!!4"'""""!;,."'"""~~""".."""~~"'"""'ES.('s:(V'lIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

8000

~ •6000

4000

2000

ot •.,..................... "·.,..: 10 20 30 40 50

-E a. .3: oD 0..

200 i I

•

••

•

•

•••••• • o I ' -,_.. I. -_•• , • .,. I 10 20 30 40 50 ~~~;t;t~.JVSM?I11111111111111111II1

DEPTH (m)

100 ". -E a. .3: c N • ••• ••• •. . ...... ......

••••• o J i i 0 I ' i ' I 10 20 30 40 50 KV~XX>6d1l1l11l111111111l1l1l

DEPTH (m)

1400

1200 ~ • 1000 "1.

800

600

400

200

E a. .3: ~

•• • •

• • ••••

• •

o I ; ••••••••• ..1 ••• I ,. I 10 20 30 40 50 ~;t»~S't$LWV911111111111111111111

DEPTH (m)

80

60

40.J •

20 -l •

LEGEND

E a. a.-::::l «

30 , I

o I. • I ., , •• ,. I 10 20 30 40 50

t«&$fS+SSSS$i$iXXXXlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII DEPTH (m)

20

10

•

•

E a. a.-0 :2

o I•• 0 •••, I i I 10 20 30 40 50 ~$£i:'f$i$i9KXXXJIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

DEPTH (m)

50

40

30

20 -

10

•

• • ••

~

~

ta f88]

illIIl 11 ~

.................

D

Limestone

Weathered and leached skarn

Skarn

Quartzite

Shale (predominantly)

Sandstone (predominantly)

Hematitic sandstone and pebble conglomerate

No core recovered

••• •• •

• • •• • • • • ••• • •

• •

FLETCHER'S ADIT FD 7 I~ FLETCHER'S ADIT : FD 7

400 I , 20 i i 2000, i 30, I 1- ••

300 • • E a. 200 E 0.. 0..

a.-o ­•• .

Cl~ 100 -l • •••• c:{

•• .••••• • ­~

o I ' I ' i ' I ' i ' , ' I 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

~JIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::1

DEPTH (rn)

4000

3000 -l •

E E20000.. 0..0.. .e:

:::J m•

()1000

~ ••.. BO

2000 I I

• ­E~ 1000 0.. a. 0..

.0 :::J•ll.. c:{••

O J • ....... ,......... .., I' 'i i' ,

20 30 40 50 60 70 801$'iSMS 111111111111111111111111111 ···~~~~~···:·:·:·:~:::::I

DEPTH (rn)

10 •• •

• 80

300 I I

200- •

• 100

-". .. •o I , • .,. , i ' ,-, i ' I ' I 20 30 40 50 60 70 BO ~w:<1IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII11I::::::::::::::::::::::1

DEPTH (rn)

3 I ,

• 2

• o ,- • IIiII

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 r;~'t+!"IDIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII::::::::}:::::::.:::.:.. :::::::::::::::1

DEPTH (rn)

20 . ­-~ 1000 E .e: a.

0.. c:: •• ~

10 Cl)

•• ••••_.JIII. Y •V~·. • ...,.... .... ... . ,- - •• ,_.'._,•• I -,.~o I ' I , I o I ' i ' i i

• , ,

• i

•'

•I

20 30 40 50 60 70 BO 20 30 40 50 60 70 BO ~11111111111111111111111111!::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::1 0-~JIIIIII!IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII:::::::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::;::::::::::::::q

DEPTH (rn) DEPTH (rn)

300 I I BO

• • I ~.

200 j ....---. 60 ­- -. ~ .~.. E 40 0.. &.-. -.. . c 100 " • ~ 1 •••• N ••• • > 20] •

• o I ,.....- Io J ' I i i ' I ' I ' , , I 20 30 40 50 60 70 BO20 30 40 50 60 70 BO

~:....:+:£+;...."t~lllllllIllllllllllllllllllk :::}::::::::::::::::::::::::}:::::! ttitiOtiOtitMlllllllllllllllllllllllllh:::::::::::::1 DEPTH (rn) DEPTH (rn)

LEGEND

~ Limestone

~

~ Weathered and leached skarn

~ Skarn

~ Quartzite

[ill]] Shale (predominantly)

Sandstone (predominantly) ­ ............ Hematitic sandstone and pebble conglomerate rit'itl

D No core recovered

FLETCHER'S ADIT FD 8FLETCHER'S ADIT FD 8

1000 I I 2000 I 200 I I5 I i

•• 4 • 800 • •

_

E a. S Cl <C

01 60

3

2

•

• • •

•

•••'--I­ i •••_-•••• 80 100 120

~"W4IIIIIII1"il

DEPTH (m)

, 140 I

E a. S ::::l ()

• ••••

I•

••

• • •

~ .... •••• o I • , ••.• i"" ,.. I·, i

60 80 100 120

~~IIIIIII!:"'I

DEPTH (m)

200

600

400

i

140

I

J'=jCl)

80 100 120

~lllllllk:::::"::::::':1

DEPTH (m)

•

•• • .r... •

•

140

Cl)

<C

E a. S

••• o~ ., .. , .....,.....,••i'i..~••~

60 80 100 120 ~)<JIIIIIIIF:::::::I

DEPTH (m)

100-1 •

i

140

I

-E a. a.

CD

3000 I

2000

1000

0 60 80 100

Ej;;?~.~..t~.....~{5ITTl11111

DEPTH (m)

•••• --­..... -

•

••

•• •••

120 ' .... ;1

•

i

140

E a. a.-.0 0...

•400

300

200

'001' •.. ... •

•

• E a. S c N

800 I

600

400

200

0 60 120

• ••---.. .......••

100

.r

• .~ .........

80

•

•

-.

• •• •

•

t~111111111

DEPTH (m)

•

i

140

E a. a.-~

•

• •• •••• • ••••••••••

•

01 i • r , •••

60 80 100 120

~X!IIIIIIII··,·········I

DEPTH (m)

300

j •

200

~ • 1001 • ••

• • 140

,I

LEGEND

~ Limestone

-E a. a.

::::l <C

0.8

1 • 0.6

04j •• •

• •• •0.2 •• •••• • ••• \ • •-

140 o I 60 80 100 120

i I i I i i i i I'

~""~;01fSIIIIIJJII ·'1

DEPTH (m)

140 I

~

~

~

[ill]

Cl ~

...................

D

Weathered and leached skarn

No core recovered

Quartzite

Skarn

Hematitic sandstone and pebble conglomerate

Sandstone (predominantly)

Shale (predominantly)

APPENDIX E

METAL-METAL PLOTS FOR STORMONT

AND FLETCHER'S ADIT

STORMONT

12000 • 1000 10000

800 ...-.. 8000 • • ...-..

E 600a.K6000 • a.a.- • -~ 400._ 4000 •

en •• • 0•2000 200­

0 ••• 01•.. \ 1 I• ­

0 1 0 20 30 0 1 0 20 30Au (ppm) Au (ppm)

10 I I 300

8 • J •

...-.. E a. 6

E 200 a.

a.- a.-0)

« 4

~ 100 2 •01.:••• I • i I i I al•., ~ • I • i i

0 1 0 20 30 0 1 0 20 30 Au (ppm) Au (ppm)

1000 10

800 8-1 • ...-..

K600 a.-

...-.. E a. a.-

6 • ::J 0

400 0)

« 4

• • 200

0 • • • 2

0 0 2 4 6 8 1 0 0 1 00 200 300

Ag (ppm) As (ppm)

--

•• •• •

STORMONT

14001'----------- ­ 10 1200 ..I

_ 1000 8- • .........E E8:: 800 c.. 6 J.

-- 600 c..

O'JN od:400i.:~ : • •

c • - :t· •

20~C:: • • 0 • .... _. I •• ,-' • I

o 10 20 30 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 1000012000Au (ppm) Si (ppm)

500 3000

- 400 •I E' 20005. 300 c.. I •c.. c..

c 200 •Cl) i 10001.:.

) 100 •.. •., • • .,. i0 o I , I •

0 1 0 20 30 0 1 0 20 30 Au (ppm) Au (ppm)

I30 I 200 I I

.........E'20 E c.. c..,8; -c.. 100 o ~ 10 3:

• 0 •••••• ,. ,. I II

o 10 20 30 10 20 Au (ppm) Au (ppm)

30

--

-----

-----

• • • •

STORMONT

500 • ,,_ I .,.'" -; 200 I

......... 400 ",' , ­---

".,, ,

,,' ",

,,,

I

a.E 300 " --- " '. .,';f•• ,' E _____ J , I ,, a. ' a.

a. 100 .I'-'" C 200 : ,'

Cl) I 3: 100 I: ~,,-.----- --- _... ------ I _-------------- _... .. : I-'.' ..... .. .. --.: , ~. .. ~ , \ .... '

i .O~ ' I ! , i,''eo ~ • • ,.. • , • • , •- ,Oo 2000 4000 6000 8000 1000012000 o 2000 4000 6000 8000 1000012000 Si (ppm) Si (ppm)

200 I I30

E2J --­a. E a. a. a. 100 '-'" "'.-------­~ 10 o :::J

, / . .:

/ , I ) ,------._----- ,,"

/.­

,0.........- - I r I '."\..... ,,'

, .,," 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 1000012000 0

~

Si (ppm) 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 1000012000

Si (ppm)

300 I 3000

• I

•E 200 E 2000 a. a.a.

• a. •

•'-'"

~ 100 ~ 1000 •I

i0 ....• i I , ... ~ • i ' , .- i" I 0"''' ••• • • o 2000 4000 6000 8000 1000012000 o 2000 4000 6000 8000 1000012000

j

Si (ppm) Si (ppm)

••

••

STORMONT

200 I I 200•

• ........• E

~ 100 8:: 100 '-""1 • 3:

i~ :.. · o ...::~.~. ,.. , .•, , , I 0

I • 0 100 200 300 400 500 0 1 0 20 30

Sn (ppm) Mo (ppm)

400 I , 3000•

300 •• I 1 •

........ E 2000 E •• • 0- I • 0­S 200 1•••• • 0­

•• • • i. 1000 ~ • Cl) I. • • • •c

100 -I.:.. · • • • 11·· · • •• • o I.·.·..,. I • •

•• I

o I1 ••:.: 0 200 400 600 800 10001200 1400 , i ' I Zn (ppm) o 100 200

Cu (ppm)

1400

1200

........ 1000 E 0- 800 0­-- 600 c \400 •N

• • • 200 ••••• ••

0 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 1000012000

Si (ppm)

• • • •

FLETCHER'S ADIT

3000 I I

) ..-.. E 0­0­--­~

2000

1000

I •

•• •

• I ..-..

E 0­S

<3

2000

I •• 1000

L •• • •••.. .­• • • ••---­ •0 0.0 0.2 0.4

•

0.6 0.8 1000 2000 3000 Au (ppm)

Si (ppm)

400 I I 2000 I I

300 ..-.. E 0­0- 200--­

• ..-.. E 8:: --­:::J

1000 • • •

o o ~

100 •

o .., . • •

o o 1000 2000

Si (ppm) 3000 4000

o 1000 2000 3000

Si (ppm)

I 4000

30001 3000 j •

..-..E 2000 j • E0­ 0- •0­ 0­--- . • --- 20001° ".ro 1000 • _ •• • •• c • (f)

• 1000~" ••- • i i i0 ......... ' ,- - , •• , I , I .~ ':~ •

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0

':.. • •Au (ppm)

0 1000 2000 3000

Si (ppm)

400 4000

')

E Q..

S 0 ~

300

200

100

0

•

- ­#. •

3000.J-ES 2000

c (f)

1000

0

••••( .': ' .... .,• •• ••

•

•

0.0 0.2 0.4 Au (ppm)

0.6 0.8 0 1000 Cu (ppm)

2000

) 2000 I

- iE Q..

~ 1000

• •

I 3000

E 2000 Q.. Q..

~

I

•

• "-'

:Jo •• _ 1•• _ s: 1000~

0 • • ••

0 1000 Si

2000 (ppm)

3000 o 0 100

• 200

Mo (ppm) 300 400

FLETCHER'S ADIT

:'

20 I

•• •

i 10 j . Cl • «

o ( .-... .. I

0 1000

Si (ppm)

• I

2000 • i

•

Si (ppm)

1000

• l......__' •

200I

1 • ..-.. E c.. c.. 100.....­en «

I • I ... I 0

3000 0 2000 3000

)

2000

I10J •

0 0 1 0

Ag (ppm) 20

..-.. E c.. S Cl «

20

J••

10 I• •

L 0 0.0

-0.2

•

•

0.4 Au (ppm)

0.6

• 0.8

20 I I 200•• J ..-.. •

E c.. c.. 1001!10t

I

.....- • « - • en « 1· _

•_ .... __ w •• O( ...... , •• I 0

0 100 200 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 As (ppm) Au (ppm)

• • •

FLETCHER'S ADIT

2000 2000

..-..') E ..-.. I0­ E •0­

'-' 1000 '-'§: 1000

N .0 C

• • a.. I ••

I • __ ~

I

o 'FP - , , i I • I 0

• 0 1000 2000 3000 0 1000 2000

Si (ppm) Zn (ppm)

3000 3000

• E 2000 E 2000 0- • 0­

0­S '-'

:s: 1000 :s: 1000• ) •_• ..&.....! • P-

, ,o i -. - i o , ---- ...... ,.. , • •..... I I I .~ ~ I

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Sn (ppm) Au (ppm)

4000 I

• I 2000

..-.. 3000 ..-..E

0- ES 2000

'-'§: 1000

Cl) c N1000 • e__ • ~ .... •

c • •• • ~.. •••

If, ••• •

0

."'.;.... , •• ~

P ­0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6

Au (ppm) Au (ppm) 0.8

OXYGEN ISOTOPE CALCULATIONS

~)

~ChI-Mt = 1000lnacM

1000 InUCM = 1.69(106rr2) + 1.68 (Wenner and Taylor, 1971)

L1Chl-Mt = 1.69(106!f2) + 1.68

-', Therefore....

L1Mt-ChI =-1.69(106!f2) - 1.68

OMt - 0Chl - (OH20 - OChI) =L1Mt - H20

L1Mt - H20 = L1Mt - ChI - L1H20 - ChI

= (-1.69[106!f2] - 1.68) + (1.56[106rr2] - 4.7)

= (-0.13 x 106rr2 ) - 6.38 (Huston pers. comm., 1990)

Therefore... 0180H20 = 0180Mt + (0.13 x 106/T2 ) + 6.38

if)

\ ~~.

APPENDIX G

DEPARTMENTAL ROCK CATALOGUE '~

AND DRILL HOLE LOCATIONS

~4-.'\

~

CATALOGUE No. FIELD No. ROCK TYPE I DESCRWnON I'REI'ARATION ISOTOPE ANALYSIS LOCATION LOCATION NAME

73893 1 Partially recrysLalised limestone with disseminated pyrite PT,R DDH FD1 @ 8.7 m FLETCHER'S ADIT 73894 4 Wrigglitic and massive magnetite in Gt-CaI-Otz skam PH,PT,R DDH FD1 @ 13.5 m FLETCHER'S ADIT 73895 6 Mag-Gt-Act skarn with Qtz-Mus-ChI-Py veins R OXYGEN DDH FD1 @ 29.2 m FLETCHER'S ADIT 73896 10 Musc-Au-Qtz vein in silicic arenite PH,R DDH FD1 @ 15.9 m FLETCHER'S ADIT 73897 13 Hyaloclastic basaltic breccia with zeolite matrix PH,R DDH FD3@ 27.9 m FLETCHER'S ADIT 73898 20 Fine scale Mag-Pv wrigglite skarn PH,PT,R DDH FD4 @ 24.8 m FLETCHER'S ADIT 73899 21 Fine grained Cpx-Qtz-Cal-Act skarn PH,PT,R DDH FD4 @ 25.4 m FLETCHER'S ADIT 73900 23 Homfelsic shale and arenite sequence with a greiscn vein PH,PT,R DDH FD4@ 41.2 m FLETCHER'S ADIT 73901 24 Coarse Act-Mg Chi retrograde skarn PT,R DDH FD5@ 13.2 m FLETCHER'S ADIT 73902 25 ChI-Act-Mag-Pyrr-Au wrigglite skarn PT,R OXYGEN DDH FD6@ 14.5 m FLETCHER'S ADIT 73903 27 Veined Mag-Chl-Act-Au-K-spar skarn PH, PT, R DDH FD6 @ 26.8 m FLETCHER'S ADIT 73904 28 Metasomatised calc-arenite with uvarovite garnets PH,PT,R DDH FD6 @ 35.5 m FLETCHER'S ADIT 73905 32 Late stage oxidation front in Cpx-Act-Chl skarn PH,R DDH FD8 @ 90.0 m FLETCHER'S ADIT 73906 35 Gt-Act skam with Py-Bi-Bm-Mag and a Bi-Te-sulphide PH,R OX'rt?EN DDH FD9@ 13.0 m FLETCHER'S ADIT 73907 40 Mag-Au wrigglite skam R OX'rt?EN 423325 mE I 5406540 mN SHEPHERD AND rvtJRPHY 73908 41 Mag-Act-Py skarn R OX'rt?EN 423325 mE I 5406540 mN SHEPHERD AND rvtJRPHY 73909 43 Cpx-Act-Au skam vith K-spar vein R OX'rt?EN 423325 mE I 5406540 mN SHEPHERD AND rvtJRPHY 73910 52 Pyritic magnetite skarn R OX'rt?EN 418715 mE I 5405800 mN CASTLE CREEK 73911 65 Silicified gravel, "greybilly" PT,R 418850 mE I 5405775 mN STORMONT AREA 73912 94 Calc-siliCale homfels with minor magnetite R OX'rt?EN 418880 mE I 5405965 mN STORMONT AREA 73913 104 Mag-Act skarn R OX'rt?EN 418825 mE I 5405800 mN STORMONT AREA 73914 109 Metasomatised, interbedded shale and calc arenite PT,R 418700 mE I 5405650 mN CASTLE CREEK 73915 140 Metasomatised and mineralised interbedded shale PH,R 421200 mE I 5406925 mN IRIS RIVER 73916 148 Bioturbated interbedded shale and calc arenite PH,R 421200 mE I 5406925 mN IRIS RIVER 73917 150 Mag-Au-ChI-Act wrigglite skarn PH,R 421200 mE I 5406925 mN IRIS RIVER 73918 158 Bioturbated quartz arenite PH,R 420300 mE I 5405530 mN TI TREE CREEK 73919 168 Olivine basalt PH, PT, R 420125 mE I 5406850 mN LEA RIVER 73920 214 Cpx-Act-Gt-CaI-Qtz skam PH, PT, R 419400 mE I 5406330 mN FLETCHER'S ADIT 73921 215 Quartz arenite PT,R 419490 mE I 5406300 mN FLETCHER'S ADIT 73922 254 Spotted, hematite altered, quartz arenite PT,R 421250 mE I 5406140 mN TI TREE CREEK 73923 256 Gt-Cpx skarn with Py and Hem PT,R 421250 mE I 5406175 mN TI TREE CREEK 73924 283 Metasomatised calc arenite with green Cr-rich grossular Gts PT,R 421335 mE I 5406770 mN IRIS RIVER 73925 291 Coarse crystalline Act and andradite Gt skarn PH,R 418850 mE I 5406000 mN STORMONT MINE AREA 73926 292 Mag-Pv-Pvrr-Bm-Marc-Chal-K-spar-Flu-Otz-Act-ChI skam PH PT R 419485 mE I 5406325 mN FLETCHER'S ADIT DUMP

CATALOGUE No. FJELD No. ROCK TYPE I DESCRIPTION PREPARATION ISOTOPE ANALYSIS LOCATION LOCATION NAME 73927 293 Gl-Ael-Mag skam R OXYGEN 419485 mE I 5406325 mN FLETCHER'S ADIT DUMP 73928 297 Mag-F1u-Ael-ChJ wrigglile skam R OXYGEN 423325 mE I 5406540 mN SHEPHERD AND MURPHY 73929 302 Partially melasomatised, eehinoderm bearing limeslone PH,PT.R 421140 mE I 5406510 mN TI TREE CREEK 73930 305 Melasomatiscd and mineralised wonn burrow in sandstone PH,R 421055 mE I 5406450 mN TI TREE CREEK 73931 307 Mag-Chl skam R OXYGEN DOH BH2 DOM2) @ 0.2 m TI TREE CREEK 73932 309 Silicicious pyroxene homfcls PT,R DOH BH2 DOM2)@5.1 m TI TREE CREEK 73933 311 Ael-Qlz-Cal-Chl-Epi-F1u-Py relograde skam with veining PT,R OXYGEN DOH BH2 DOM2)@6.3m TI TREE CREEK 73934 312 Gl-Ael-Chal-Py skam R OXYGEN DOH BH2 DOM2) @ 11.0 m TI TREE CREEK 73935 317 Gt-Cpx-Mag skam PH,PT,R DOH BH3 DOM3) @ 16.0 m TI TREE CREEK 73936 320 Gl-Aet-Cal-Qtz-Bi-Bm mineralised skam PH,R DOH SD1 @ 10.8 m STORWONT 73937 322 Au-Bi oxidised ore PH,R DOH SD1 @ 13.2 m STORWONT 73938 325 Zoned epidote and aetinolile retrograde skam PH,PT,R DOH SD3 @ 22.5 m STORWONT 73939 326 Gt-Epi skam PH,R DOH SD3 @ 25.9 m STORWONT 73940 329 Gl-Epi-Aet skam PH,PT,R DOH SD5@36.1 m STORWONT 73941 330 Zoned retrograde skam (Cal-Epi-Gt-Qtz-Aet-Chl) PT,R DOH SD5 @ 36.5 m STORWONT 73942 331 Gt-Cpx-Ves-Act-Olz-Cal -Mag skam PT,R DOH SD5@38.1 m STORWONT 73943 332 Epi-Aet retrograde skam PT PT R DOH SD5 @> 43.5 m STORWONT

DRILL HOLE NORTI-lING (mN) EASTlNG (mE) BEARING DIP (0) DEPTH (m) FD 1 5406347.5 419405.5 - 90 61.1 FD 2 5406382 419433.5 - 90 20 FD 3 5406451 419360 - 90 95 FD 4 5406463 419235 - 90 62 FD 5 5406426 419203.5 - 90 29.5 FD 6 5406359 419274.5 - 90 184.3 FD 7 5406542 419446 - 90 80 FD 8 5406574 419338.5 - 90 127.8 FD 9 5406347.5 419405.5 20 mag -40 56.3 SD 1 5405930.4 418888.2 - 90 145 SD 2 5405950.5 419077.3 - 90 61.8 SD3 5405864.8 418929.3 - 90 75.1 SD4 5405709.8 418736.8 - 90 52.6 SD5 5405797.7 418987.6 - 90 70.3 SD 6 5405818.4 419200.3 - 90 41.2

DOM2 5406150 420850 239 maQ 50 101.1 DOM3 5406050 420900 227 maQ 50 95.3

~

APPENDIX H

SURFACE MAPPING

MAP 1: A 1:5000 scale factual and interpreted geological map of the entire field

area.

MAP 2: A 1: 1000 scale factual geological map of the Fletcher's Adit area.

MAP 3: A 1: 1000 scale interpreted geological map of the Fletcher's Adit area.

MAP 4: A 1:1000 scale factual geological map of the the Ti Tree Creek area.

MAP 5: A 1:1000 scale interpreted geological map of the the Ti Tree Creek area.

MAP 6: A N/S and a NE/SW cross-section of the 1:1000 scale Ti Tree Creek

map sheet.

MAP 7: A N/NW cross-section of the 1:5000 scale map sheet, and a NE/SW

cross-section of the 1: 1000 scale Fletcher's Adit map sheet.