glossary, pages xv-xix

8/7/2019 Glossary, Pages Xv-xix

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G L O S S A R Y

A cA c A cA c e t a t eA c e t ic a c i dA D P / O

A D P / 2 e -

A N TB c h lb RB p h e oB QB Q H 2C[Ca2+]c[Ca2+]mC hlCMH+

A c e t a t eA c e t oa c e t a t eEthanoateEthanoic ac idT h e n u m b e r o f m o l e c u l es o f A D P p h o s p h o r y la t e d to A T P w h e n t w oelec t rons are t ransfer red f rom a subs t ra te throug h a respi ra tory chaint o r e duc e one 'O ' ( 102) ( d i m e ns i on l e s s )As ADP/O, except more general , as the f inal e lec t ron acceptor canbe o t he r t ha n oxyge n ( d i m e ns i on l e s s )A de ni ne nuc l e o t i de t r a ns loc a t o rB a c t e r i oc h l or ophyl lB a c t e r i o r hodops i nB a c t e r i ophe ophyt i nB e nz oqui noneB e nz oqui no lF lux c ont rol coef f ic ientC yt op l a s m i c f re e c a l c i um i on c onc e n t r a t ionM i toc hondr i a l m a t r ix f r e e c a l c i um i on c onc e n t r a t ionC hl or ophyl lT he e ff e c ti ve p r o t on c onduc t a nc e o f a m e m br a ne o r a m e m br a nec o m p o n e n t ( d im e n s io n s : n m o l H + m i n - 1 m g p r o t e i n - 1 m V


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xvi GLOSSARY

D A DD B M I BD C C DD C M UD C P I PE

E oE O!

~,7

EhEh,7EP(S)RE RE T FFF1.Fo

F C C PF dFe/SFerr i cyanideF e r r oc ya n i de

D i a m i nodur e ne ( o r 2, 3 ,5 , 6 t e tr a m e t hy l - p - phe nyl ene d i a m i ne )2 , 5 - D i br om o- 3 - m e t hy l - 6 - i s opr opyl be nz oqui noneN, N '-dicyc lohexy lcarbo di im ide ( inhibitor of the F o sec tor ofATP synthase)3 - ( 3 , 4 - D i c h l or ophe nyl ) - l , l - d i m e t hy l ur e a2 , 6 - D i c h l or ophe nol i ndophe nolRedo x potent ia l a t any spec if ied se t of com pone nt concent ra t ions( d i m e ns i ons : m Y )Standard redox potential (al l components) in their s tandard states,i .e . 1 M solutions and 1 a tm gases (dimen sions : m V)Standard redox potent ia l except that pH spec i fied, usual ly pH = 7(al l other c om pon ents in their s tandard states, i .e. 1 M solut ions an d1 a tm gases) (dim ensions : m V)M id-po int p otent ial at a defined pH (equivalen t to E ~ at pH = 0because concen t ra tions o f oxidized and reduc ed spec ies cancel , andthus the ir rat io is uni ty, as in E ~ defini tion) (dim ensions: m V)M id-point potent ia l a t pH = 7 (a lso equivalent to E ~ becauseconcen t ra t ions of oxidized and reduced spec ies cancel , and thus thei rrat io is uni ty as in E ~ defini t ion) (dim ensions: m V)Actual redox potent ia l a t a def ined pH (dimensions : mV)A ctual redox potentia l a t pH = 7 (dimensions : m V)Elec t ron paramagnet ic ( spin) resonanceE ndopl a s m i c r e ti c u lumElectron-transferr ing f lavoproteinF a r a da y c ons ta n t ( = 0 . 09 6 5 k J m ol - l m V - 1) ; t o c onve rt f rom m V t okJ m ol - 1, m ul t iply by FThe proton t rans locat ing ATP synthase/ATPase (meaning f rac t ionone/ f rac t ion ol igomyc in)C a r bonyl c ya n i de p - tr i f luor om e t hoxyphe nyl hydr a z oneFerredoxinIron-sul fur cent reHexacyanofer ra te ( I I I )Hexacyanofer ra te ( I I )


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G L O S S A R Y x v i i

H + / 2 e -

h vJ.+KK 'LH 1, LH 2L H C I IM C AM G DM p P +M P TM Q H z / M Qm VM V +M V 2+N - s i de / N - pha s eNbf-C1N M D AN M RN uoOO S C POxidasep / oP / 2 e -P-s ide/P-phaseP870, etc .PiPCPheo

A s H + /O, except m ore g eneral , as final e lec t ron acc eptor need not beoxyge n ( d im e ns ion l e ss )The energy in a photon (dimensions : kJ)Proton cur rent (dimensions : nm ol H + m in -1 m g prote in -1)Absolute equi l ibr ium constantA ppa r e n t e qu i l ib r ium c ons t an tBac ter ia l l ight-harves t ing c om plexes 1 and 2A major thylakoid l ight -harves t ing complexMetabol ic cont rol analys i sM olybdo pter in guanine dinuc leot ide (a cofac tor that chela tes M o atseveral enzyme act ive si tes)1- M e t hy l - 4 - phe nyl - pyr i d i n i um i onMitochondr ia l permeabi l i ty t rans i t ionM e n a q u i n o l / m e n a q u i n o n eMil l ivol tR e duc e d m e t hy l v i o l oge nO xi d i z e d m e t hy l v io l oge nN e ga t i ve s ide o f a m e m br a ne f r om w hi c h p r o t ons a r e pum pe d4-Chloro-7-ni t robenzofurazanN-Methyl -D-aspar ta teN uc l e a r m a gne t i c r e s ona nc eN A D H - u b i q u i n o n e o x id o r ed u c t as elo~Oligomycin sens i t ivi ty confer ra l prote inA haem-containing (usual ly) prote in that b inds and reduces oxygen,general ly to water; o xyge n reduc tase i s the func t ionA s A D P / OA s A D P / 2 e -P os ti ve s i de o f a m e m br a ne t o w hi c h p r o t ons a r e pum p e dT he p r i m a r y pho t oc he m i c a l ly a c ti ve c om pone nt i n a r e a c ti on c e n t rePhosphate anion ( ionizat ion state not specif ied)Plas tocyaninP he ophyt i n


4/5

GLOSSARY

RSS H A MS M PT M P DT P M P +T p p +U C PU Q , U Q H 2UQ'-V D A CFF '~xg,A pHz~kEh2~GA G ~

A G ~

M -/A S

The gas c onstant (8 .3 J m o1-1K -1)EntropySal icy lhydroxamic ac idSubmitochondria l par t ic leN ,N ,N ' ,N ' - t e t r ame t h y l - p - p h en y l e n e d i am in e ; a redox mediator,espec ia l ly be tween ascorba te and cytochrome cTr i p h en y l m e t h y l p h o sp h o n i u m c a t io nTetraphenyl-phosphonium ca t ionUncoupl ing prote inUbiquinone , ubiquinolU b i se m i q u i n o n eVol tage-dependent anion c hannelM ass ac t ion ra tioApparent mass ac t ion ra t ioProtonmot ive force (d imensions: mV)M em brane p otential , i.e. the electrical potential difference betweentwo bulk phases separa ted by a membrane (d imensions: mV)The pH di f fe rence be tween two bulk phases on e i ther s ide of am e m b r a n e ( d i m e n s i o n l e ss )Difference be tween two redox couples (d imensions: mV)Gibbs energy c hange at any specified set of reactant an d productconcentrations (activit ies)Standard Gibbs energy change when all reactants and products are intheir stan dard states (i.e. 1 M for solutes, pure liquid fo r solvents and1 a tm for gases (d im ensions: kJ m o1-1)Standard G ibbs energy c hange, except that H + con centration is 10 -7(i.e. pH = 7) rather than 1 (i.e. pH = 0)The p hosp horylatio n potential , i .e. the A G for ATP synthesis at anygiven se t ofATP, ADP and Pi concentra t ions (d imensions: kJmo1-1)Entha lpy changeEntropy changeIon e lec t rochem ica l gradient (d im ensions: kJ m ol - l)Proton e lec t rochem ica l gradient (d imensions: kJ m ol - l )


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glossary, pages xv-xix

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