GLOBALIZATION & ANTHROPOLOGY

GLOBALIZATION

Kottak considers two meanings:1. Fact: spread and connectedness of production, distribution, consumption, communication, and technologies across the world

2. Contested Ideology and policy: effects by IMF, World Bank, WTO, and other international financial powers to create global free market for goods and services Very political

GLOBALIZATION

Economic globalization

Political globalization

Cultural globalization

Can be evaluated separately or together. Most of the time all three will invoke some influence

ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION Process of ____________________between two countries

Result is the emergence of a ___________or a single world market

ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION

Typically involves large capital investments1.2.3.4.

POLITICAL GLOBALIZATION Under globalization, politics can take place above the state through __________________

___________/ Control from ______________

CULTURAL GLOBALIZATION

Phenomenon by which the experience of everyday life reflects a standardization of cultural expressions around the world.

Influenced by the ________________________

Culture is the most visible ________________________

“PRISONERS OF GEOGRAPHY” Location, Location, LocationWhat is Economic Geography?__________________________________

“PRISONERS OF GEOGRAPHY”

Infrastructure

Development

Example:

Kenyan rail

system

“PRISONERS OF GEOGRAPHY”

Technological

Development

Agricultural

Malaria connection

___________________

Integration

Additional sources of

remoteness

“PRISONERS OF GEOGRAPHY”

The world faces a double divide: Income inequalities are vast between nations and the gab between rich and poor is growing rapidly within some nations

Q: Should developed nations be more concerned about the gap in wealth between nations, or the growing gap within many nations?

ENVIRONMENT

ENVIRONMENTAL ANTHROPOLOGY

Study of cultural adaptations to the environment

“assists policy-making and program planning by combining expertise in ecology with methods and tools for understanding of the social and cultural dynamics of communities potentially affected by policy decisions,” (Society for Applied Anthropology, 2014, para.3)

Ethnoecology:

GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

Defined as:Global warming, plus changing sea levels, precipitation, storms, and ecosystem effects

Greenhouse effect:Warming caused by trapped atmospheric gases

Anthropogenic: ______ _________________

____________________ __________________ (Kottak, 2013, p355)

FORCES OF CHANGE

Critical signal of change – melting of glaciers and other ice massesMelting of ice = ___________

Example: Ice fields of Mt Kilimanjaro (Tanzania) have shrunk by 80% over the last century

Global Warming - Why be concerned? ___________________________________Food supply, droughts, increase in sea level, etcSomalia – recent drought; 7month long famine; 750,000 deaths (BBC source)

Human Health – ____________________________________ ______________________________

FORCES OF CHANGE

DEFORESTATION

Often demographically driven --- ____________

Example: Madagascar

TOUGH CHOICES FOR THE DEVELOPING WORLD

Long-term development strategies______________Invest with a hope of long-term economic success

Drawbacks: Rewards aren’t guaranteed Require big investment to get big payout Subject to political and economic climate

TOUGH CHOICES FOR THE DEVELOPING WORLD

Alternatives: immediate rewards__________________________‘Bush meat’______________Vulnerability to _________

“Between 1997 and mid-2005, more than 73,733 animals passed through the Malabo bushmeat market, including 11, 994 monkeys.”

TOUGH CHOICES FOR THE DEVELOPING WORLD

ACTIVITY: JOURNAL ENTRY