Global Maritime ExpansionChapter 15 (pp. 426 – 449)

Migrations of the Polynesian peoples who cultivated transplanted foods and domesticated animals as they moved to new islands No written records No navigational devices Traced through language

Global Maritime Expansion Before 1450

Easter Island

Official Chinese maritime activity expanded into the Indian Ocean region with the naval voyages led by Ming Admiral Zheng He, which enhanced Chinese prestige Used Junks (“treasure

fleet”) Led to intensification of

Indian Ocean trade

Global Maritime Expansion Before 1450

European technological developments in cartography and navigation built on previous knowledge developed in the classical, Islamic, and Asian worlds Ex. the Astrolabe Helped astronomers locate &

predict locations of celestial bodies

Used first by Greeks, then Muslims

Navigational Advancements

Manuscript from Nasir al-Din explaining the importance of the astrolabe

Innovative ship designs Ex. the Caravel Small, highly

maneuverable ship used by the Portuguese to explore West Africa

Lateen sails, Greek influenced hull

Navigational Advancements

Portuguese development of a school for navigation led to increased travel to and trade with West Africa, and resulted in the construction of a global trading-post empire Prince Henry “the

Navigator” Bartolomeu Dias Vasco da Gama

European Exploration, 1400 - 1550

Spanish sponsorship of the first Columbian and subsequent voyages across the Atlantic and Pacific dramatically increased European interest in transoceanic travel and trade Christopher Columbus Ferdinand Magellan Treaty of Tordesillas

European Exploration, 1400 - 1550

Treaty of Tordillas

Northern Atlantic crossings for fishing and settlements continued and spurred European searches for multiple routes to Asia Jacques Cartier Henry Hudson Samuel de Champlain

European Exploration, 1400 - 1550

In Oceania and Polynesia, established exchange and communication networks were not dramatically affected because of infrequent European reconnaissance in the Pacific Ocean

European Exploration, 1400 - 1550