global malaria action plan

8/7/2019 Global Malaria Action Plan

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THE Global malaria

Action Plan


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The Global Malaria Action Plan (GMAP) has

been created by the Roll Back Malaria (RBM)

Partnership, the global coordinating body forfighting malaria.


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The RBM Partnership comprises all malaria-

endemic countries, bilateral and multilateral

development partners, the private sector,nongovernmental organizations, community-

based organizations, foundations, and

research and academic institutions involvedin malaria control as well as the RBMSecretariat, Working Groups, and Sub-

Regional Networks.


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The purpose of the Global Malaria Action Plan isto foster agreement among all partners aroundthe goals, strategy, and activities that the RBMPartnership will pursue, and to clearly lay outthose goals, strategies, and activities.

The plan will maximize the impact of the malariacommunity's work by guiding the prioritizationof resources and by strengthening the alignmentacross and effectiveness of various initiatives


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. The GMAP may influence the activities of partnersand countries by supporting the definition ofnormative policy, the creation of country plans, and

the development of implementation plans ofindividual partners.

However, those activities remain the responsibility of

countries and partners.

Many areas of ongoing work are represented in thisplan. As they evolve, they will further influence theway that the RBM Partnership addresses malaria.


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Therefore, this action plan is a living

document: it will be updated with new

information and will incorporate newlyidentified needs on an ongoing basis through

the RBM website and through periodic

revisions.


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the plan is split into four parts.

Part I: Malaria Today briefly describes the vision andtargets of the RBM Partnership, the current global

burden and the current funding.

Part II: The Global Strategy articulates the near-term,mid-term and long-term strategy to overcomemalaria. This section focuses on what needs to be

done globally, and is intended to provide a globalvision beyond what the RBM Partnership alone cando. This section also estimates the costs and benefitsof the global strategy.

.


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Part III: Regional Strategies explores what theglobal strategy means for Africa, Asia-Pacific,the Americas, and the Middle East and Eurasia.

It provides a short overview of malaria andmalaria control in each region, and then outlineswhat it would take for each region to achieve thetargets.

Part IV: The Role of the RBM Partnershiphighlights what the RBM Partnership will do toachieve its targets


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Nine key topic areas were identified as critical toachieving the 2010 and 2015 targets. These nine topicsare listed below.

Advocacy Resource Mobilization Policy and Regulatory In-country planning

Financing Procurement and Supply Chain Management Communication and Behavior Change Methodologies Monitoring and Evaluation Humanitarian Crises


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Advocacy is defined as strategic communication thataims to create the social pressure and politicalaccountability required for attracting resources, shaping

policy agendas and removing socio-cultural barriers inboth donor and endemic countries, and thus primarilyattempts to affect the behavior of decision-makers andpoliticians, for stakeholders at every level of society.

Advocacy can set the ground work for related activities

like resource mobilization and in-country behavior changecommunication but requires a different skill set andfocuses on a different audience from these activities.


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Resource mobilization is a major sociological theoryin the study ofsocial movements which emerged inthe 1970s.

It stresses the ability of movement's members to 1) acquire resources and to 2) mobilize people towards accomplishing the

movement's goals.

In contrast to the traditional collective behaviourtheory that views social movements as deviant andirrational, resource mobilization sees them as rationalsocial institutions, created and populated by socialactors with a goal of taking a political action.


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Policyandregulatory processes are vital

early steps in rolling out safe and effective

new products and establishing best practiceapproaches to malaria prevention and

management.

Policy and regulatory bodies and processes

are essential at both the international andcountry level.


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WHO is responsible for setting many technicalstandards and policy guidelines.

WHO provides international regulatory

standards for Good Manufacturing Practice(GMP), as well as systems to evaluate quality ofmedicines (WHO pre-qualification and efficacyand safety of pesticides: WHOPES).

WHO sets international guidelines for treatmentand interventions, such as the inclusion of newproducts in WHO treatment guidelines and onthe WHO Essential Drugs List.


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InCountryPlanning--

Successful malaria control requires strong

planning at the country, regional and districtlevel. Planning is needed to determine the

overall strategy, the required actions, thenecessary resources and how the

implementation should be monitored.


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Financing

In many malaria-endemic countries, the growth of

external funding for malaria has not been matched by agrowth of national resources.

For the medium and long term, donor funding must besustained and national public resources must increase.

Effective financing processes and financial management

are critical to meet the 2010 and 2015 global targets.

Effective global and local financing mechanisms canensure that existing funds, both national and external,have the greatest possible impact.


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Procurementand Supply Chain Management (PSM)is crucial to ensuring that high-quality interventionsreach the target population of end users.

Close to 50% of Global Fund budgets are used toprocure interventions.

The main procuring bodies for malaria interventionsare governments of malaria-endemic countries at thenational level and United Nations agencies andinternationalorganizations at the global level


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Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) has been centralto the RBM Partnerships work from the outsetbothwithin countries at national, district and local levels to

track and guide the work, and outside of the countryto inform the global and donor community onprogress and opportunities.

Robust and reliable data are critical for monitoringprogress toward achieving the global goals, includingthe RBM targets (2010 and 2015) as well as themalaria-specific target of the MillenniumDevelopment Goals


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Monitoring has been defined as the routinetracking of program performance through

record keeping, regular reporting,surveillance systems or surveys.

In contrast, evaluation refers to the episodic

assessment of a programs effectiveness, andthe extent to which a particular programintervention may be linked to a specificoutput or result


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Communicationand Behavior ChangeMethodologies

Achieving the RBM 2010 and 2015 targets requires effectivecommunication between service providers and consumers of

interventions, whether patients, family members orcommunities. Communication can be used to increaseknowledge of:

the transmission and prevention of malaria; the link between bed net use and malaria control; the recognition of signs and symptoms, risk groups, rapid

treatment-seeking behavior and full compliance withtreatment;

the consequences of malaria in pregnancy and the motivation and intention to use tools for malaria

prevention and control.


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A humanitariancrisis (or "humanitarian

disaster") is an event or series of events which

represents a critical threat to the health,safety, security or wellbeing of a community

or other large group of people, usually over awide area. Armed conflicts, epidemics,

famine, natural disasters and other majoremergencies may all involve or lead to a

humanitarian crisis.


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To achieve the goals of the RBM Partnership,

especially in the scale-up and sustained

control stages, special efforts must be madeto control malaria in humanitarian crises as

these situations may quickly lead to a loss ofthe benefits achieved previously by the

malaria control programs and a deteriorationof malaria control in the affected country.


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Through cooperation, countries and

international partners can achieve the near-

term goals of mortality and morbidityreduction by 2010 and 2015 as well as the

longer-term vision of worldwide eradication.

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Three Components ofthe Global Strategy:

Control, Eliminationand Research

The Global Strategy consists of threecomponents that will ensure these ambitious

goals can be achieved:

1) Controlling malaria,

2) Eliminating malaria and

3) Research into new tools and approaches


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Control.

The majority of malaria-endemic countriescan make a substantial impact on theirmalaria burden by controlling it with existingtools. By first scaling up appropriate

interventions for all populations at risk andthen sustaining control over time, malaria willcease to be a major source of deaths world-wide.


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Elimination.

Reducing to zero all locally-acquired infections within acountry will bring the world closer to the ambitious goal of

global eradication. Some countries are currently engaging in elimination and

more will transition to elimination after achieving controlprovided there is strong rationale for this move.

In high transmission settings, complete interruption ofmalaria transmission will require additional, new controltools.[


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Research.

Malaria control and elimination efforts willrequire continued research to be successful.International research is needed to createnew tools, as well as inform policy and

improve operational implementation ofstrategies. Then, national and local healthsystems must focus on how to use the toolsand sustain the gains.


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"The Global Malaria Action Plan aims to

ensure that no country is left behind in the

global fight against malaria - comprehensive,continent-wide coverage is critical to long-

term success."

Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Minister ofHealth of Ethiopia


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"It is imperative that universal coverage ofprevention and treatment for the millions ofpeople who suffer and die from malaria isattained. The Global Malaria Action Plan will

guide and unify the malaria community in itsefforts to provide timely and effective assistanceto endemic countries. With sufficient fundingand political support, this plan will help us reap

dramatic gains against malaria in the comingyears." Awa Marie Coll-Seck, Executive Director of

the Roll Back Malaria Partnership


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"The Global Malaria Action Plan makes a

strong case for investing in malaria. I urge

advocates in countries and at global level touse this plan to mobilise resources for malaria

control and help answer the UN SecretaryGeneral's call for universal access to malaria

prevention and treatment."

Ray Chambers, UN Special Envoy for

Malaria

global malaria action plan

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