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Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 3 Addiction
Chapter 12 Drugs of Abuse
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Content Vocabulary
drug addiction
endorphins
dysphoria
physical addiction
withdrawal
psychological addiction
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 3 Addiction
Chapter 12 Drugs of Abuse
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• No one who starts out using a substance for the first time intends to develop a drug addiction.
drug addictionA physical or psychological need for higher and higher doses of a drug
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 3 Addiction
Chapter 12 Drugs of Abuse
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Drugs create a “high” by releasing pleasure-producing chemicals in the brain.
Drugs and the Brain
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 3 Addiction
Chapter 12 Drugs of Abuse
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• Drugs provide a sense of euphoria by imitating the brain’s natural way of producing pleasure.
• The acts of eating, being physically active, and relaxing release endorphins.
Drugs and the Brain
endorphinsChemicals in the brain that produce feelings of pleasure in response to a variety of activities.
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 3 Addiction
Chapter 12 Drugs of Abuse
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• The lack of these chemicals produces an unpleasant feeling, known as dysphoria.
Drugs and the Brain
dysphoriaThe unpleasant feelings that occur when endorphins are lacking
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 3 Addiction
Chapter 12 Drugs of Abuse
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How Does Addiction Set In?• Those who use drugs produce fewer and fewer
natural endorphins.• As the effects of the drug wears off each time, the
user experiences dysphoria.• To avoid the unpleasant sensations of dysphoria,
the person may use more drugs.
Drugs and the Brain
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 3 Addiction
Chapter 12 Drugs of Abuse
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How Does Addiction Set In?
• When people take drugs to ease dysphoria, they may become addicted to the drug.
• Most drugs that cause addiction are euphoria-producing drugs.
Drugs and the Brain
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 3 Addiction
Chapter 12 Drugs of Abuse
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Physical addiction occurs when the body’s chemistry adjusts its functioning to the presence of a drug.
Physical Addiction
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 3 Addiction
Chapter 12 Drugs of Abuse
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• Physical addiction, or dependence, makes the body develop a tolerance to a certain drug.
Physical Addiction
physical addiction
A change in the body’s chemistry so that without the presence of a substance (drug), normal functioning begins to fail.
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 3 Addiction
Chapter 12 Drugs of Abuse
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• Withdrawal occurs as the body begins to clear the drug from the system.
Physical Addiction
withdrawal
The physical symptoms that occur when an addictive drug is cleared from the body tissues
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 3 Addiction
Chapter 12 Drugs of Abuse
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Withdrawal symptoms may include:• Problems with vision, muscle activity, digestion,
brain function, temperature regulation, or many other processes.
• Withdrawal changes brain patterns, affects mood, and makes the person crave the drug.
Physical Addiction
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 3 Addiction
Chapter 12 Drugs of Abuse
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The only sure way to escape drug addiction is never to experiment with the drugs that produce it.
Psychological Addiction
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 3 Addiction
Chapter 12 Drugs of Abuse
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• Physical addiction always triggers psychological addiction, or dependence.
psychological addiction
Mental dependence on a drug, habit, or behavior
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 3 Addiction
Chapter 12 Drugs of Abuse
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• People who never learn to cope with emotional pain may develop a psychological addiction to drugs.
• Psychological addiction can be as powerful as physical addiction.
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 3 Addiction
Chapter 12 Drugs of Abuse
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• The physical symptoms that occur when a drug to which a person is addicted is cleared from the body tissues are called _________.
withdrawalThe physical symptoms that occur when an addictive drug is cleared from the body tissues
Section Review: Reviewing the Vocabulary
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 3 Addiction
Chapter 12 Drugs of Abuse
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• What is mental dependence on a drug, habit, or behavior called?
psychological addictionMental dependence on a drug, habit, or behavior
Section Review: Reviewing the Vocabulary
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