glasgow setting the standard for europe: an innovative public-private partnership encouraging better...

© NERC All rights reserved

Future Cities - Geo: The Big 5 AGI Conference, 18th March 2014, Glasgow City Chambers,

Glasgow

Glasgow setting the standard for Europe: an innovative public-private partnership encouraging better use and re-use of subsurface data through digital standards

Diarmad Campbell (British Geological Survey) & David Hay (Glasgow City Council)

COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme

© NERC All rights reserved AGI Future Cities Conference 18th March 2014

Increasing urbanisation of European and global populations challenges the sustainability of cities

2

The importance of the ground beneath cities in ensuring their sustainability is often poorly

recognised

Oslo, Norway


Sustainable use of space and energy

= the pillar of Rotterdam’s spatial development policy

Subsurface…not even mentioned once..!

Ratified November 2007

But the situation is changing!! –

including here in Glasgow


Conflicting use of urban subsurface

• Increased abstraction

• Decreased abstraction

• Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS)

From Evans et al., 2010


Glasgow & Clyde Basin Glasgow

regeneration

BGS data & knowledge can support needs

Local partners – Glasgow CC etc

Complex industrial legacy

Key drivers(Glasgow)

London & The

Thames

Main BGS Urban Projects

Why?

>80% UK population

Environmental impacts

Abundant shallow subsurface data

Ideal basis for high resolution predictive 3D/4D modelling of the geometry and properties of the

subsurface

Manchester-

Liverpool

BGS’s Urban Strategy

Swansea


Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown Copyright and database right

BGS’s Clyde / Glasgow Project - Focus

− Ground conditions− Contaminated Land − Flooding− Sustainable drainage − Geothermal resources

Clyde CatchmentGlasgow conurbationDevelopment & Regeneration areas

Informing decision makers


NEXTMap DTM (Intermap Technologies Inc)

Key Glasgow 3D model requirementsDetailed ground height data

(Digital Terrain Model)Ground investigation data

and information

Borehole locations (green, red, black, blue)

Boreholes provide most

depth data36,000 in BGS

archives for Glasgow City


Information from boreholesCores

Coded data


Digital versions of geological maps10,342 Boreholes/Trial PitsTopography © Crown Copyright. All rights reserved. Licence No. 100037272

Central Glasgow superficial deposits

Depth of borehole (m)

Median depth 3.6meters


GSI3D

Gocad - voxels

Gocad - surfaces

Glasgow 3D geological modellingvariety of methods and software (including combined workflows) depending on local geology and

information available• QA• Metadata• Uncertainty• Delivery


Interpret borehole in cross sections

Fence DiagramCalculated model

GSI3D Modelling process


Central Glasgow bedrock model


Glasgow 3D models

most ambitious yet completed in the UK

conurbation-wide

synthesis of current knowledge of Glasgow’s

subsurface

multi scalar multi-attributed

>50,000 coded boreholes used

Models used by GCC and for groundwater

research, site remediation, planning

full potential is yet to be realised by the wider community

– hence the ASK conduit


What is ASK?

..a knowledge exchange network

Accessing Subsurface Knowledge


ASK ….ASK – a knowledge exchange network

for public & private sectors

Aims – foster free-flow of subsurface data and knowledge – improve efficiency of ground investigation & construction

Hosted by

With support from


ASK Knowledge Exchange 3D models & GSPEC used for decision-

making

Free flow of data

3D model & GSPEC delivery

Efficientraw data capture


ASK Network members

Supporters…applying


ASK Innovation Agreement

New Innovation Agreement to run from 1st April 2014 to 31st March 2016


ASK data coverage: superficial deposits


ASK Superficial Deposits model

Catchment model85 cross sections1066 boreholes

41,727 surface control points

Conurbation model1167 cross sections11,570 boreholes

326,942 surface control points


ASK data coverage - Bedrock

Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown Copyright and database right


85 cross sections1066 boreholes>106,000 control pointsExtends to 1.39km depth794 faults47 stratigraphic surfaces

ASK Bedrock model

Mine plans


SW Glasgow – superficial and bedrock bespoke linear route model

• ‘High resolution’ models (multiple iterations) used to inform linear route assessment – complex faulting, mined strata

Superficial deposits model

till

made ground

raised marine

clay

Faulted bedrock model

Complex fault network

in red

Coloured surfaces are coal seams,

outcropping in model


Economic Environmental &

Social Impact

Relevance to Decision-makers

Urban Sub-Surface Knowledge, Needs and Aims

AVOID CONFLICT IN

USE OF SUBSURFACE

Decision support Tool Kit

Monitoring data from sensors


Glasgow Stochastic Modelling

• Stochastic voxellated model for improved predictability:• Dense boreholes in central Glasgow• High resolution geotechnical data

• Standard oil industry reservoir modelling • Simulation methods derive statistical information from boreholes

and how they vary spatially• Analyse spatial patterns of variance - populate 3-D grid

statistically using variograms


Compilation of most likely lithology

10 realisations 10 realisations50 Realisations 50 Realisations


Deterministic

Stochastic

Comparing deterministic & stochastic models

Captures greater lithological variability than the stratigraphy


Buried Infrastructure

• Industrial park

• 3D modelling to address real world problems

•Relationship between subsurface infrastructure (drains, pipes) and geology

• Customer-focussed decision support tools

© NERC All rights reserved AGI Future Cities Conference 18th March 2014 30/18

Above ground data from Ordnance Survey evaluation dataset

Urban Geology – integration of infrastructure


Our ultimate objectivefully integrated surface-

subsurface environmental models interoperable

in BIM systems


Model delivery: LithoFrame Viewer

2D map window

3D window

Synthetic cross-section window

Synthetic borehole

viewer


8 km

Model delivery: 3D PDF


Model delivery: uncertainty

Calculated from data

density and geological complexity

High uncertainty up to 10s m

in XYZ

Low uncertainty c.<10m in

XYZ


Groundhog Web/Mobile tools for virtual cross-sections/boreholes

www.bgs.ac.uk/services/3Dgeology/virtualBoreholeViewer.html

http://www.bgs.ac.uk/services/3Dgeology/virtualBoreholeViewer.html


Wealth of data unaccessedOnly 18% of groundwater data from recent major infrastructure projects can be used with high degree of confidence

Need to maximise past and future investment in data – Construction costs; 3D BIMs; informed planning

Difficulty in re-access > limits re-use


GSPEC Glasgow SPEcification for data Capture

improved data access, re-use and knowledge exchangeDeveloped by GCC and BGS to address shared needs

Under GSPEC:

‒ Data deposited as raw digital data in standardised AGS forms to local authority (add PDFs)

‒ Compliance with industry AGS standard

‒ Key metadata reported with all associated data


AGS Format....

• Digital data interchange format for geotechnical community:• base data organised in GROUPS and FIELDS• according to rules• lists of abbreviations, codes, units in data dictionary • text-based file format, ASCII files

• AGS Format updated in response to industry needs

• AGS3.1 (Dec 2004) includes monitoring data

• AGS4 (May 2010) updated data dictionary, revised rules


GSPEC – current status

− GSPEC portal for file upload and validation - Initial trials started

− GCC receiving GSPEC data from new site investigations

− Data transfer to BGS

− GCC official adoption and requirement since 2013

− SG e-Planning portal− Voluntary basis for others


GSPEC portal Online validation - email alert

NERC database – compliant data only

Data compliance test – currently responsibility of GCC – will shift to contractors/consultants

Data upload by local authority - in future external users possible


improved data access, re-use and knowledge exchangeGSPEC

GSPEC portalvalidation


GSPEC and ASK Network – high impact in maximising past investment in data

− High quality systematic datasets

− Data accessible for long term re-use; efficient transfer between consultants, contractors, GCC and BGS – i.e. ASK Network

− Better data sharing – better understanding – better decisions - efficiency savings


GSPEC – consistent with European best practice

Future impact of GSPEC – Glasgow UK pilot...− Significant momentum behind wider roll out of Shared Service− ASK networks for other City-regions, transport network, drainage…− e-Building warrant Scottish Gov. Portal− Influencing European practice in COST partner cities


To provide those who manage and deliver cities with knowledge and tools to:

• maximise economic, social and environmental benefits of subsurface resources

• recognise, manage responsibly, conflicting demands placed on subsurface

• safeguard subsurface ecosystem services on which cities depend, and their sustainability

European COST ACTION TU1206 – Sub-Urban: Aims

Ultimately make a difference to our cities


Scope of toolbox

Data

SpecificationsOnline captureData managementData delivery

Data re-use

3D/4D ModelDevelopment

Workflows for main modelling software and different city scenarios

Deterministic modellingStochastic modellingModel uncertainty

Knowledgedevelopment

Model attributionPhysical properties e.g. hydraulic conductivity, aquifers

Chemical properties

4D process/time-series modellingGroundwater, historical and predictive time series models foraquifer protection, sustainable drainage, effects of climate change

KnowledgeUse

City case-studiesVisualisation

Monitoring

Knowledgedelivery andintegration

Subsurface/above groundlinkage

Building Information modelling (BIM) and CityGML

Buried infrastructureArchaeological/cultural assets

Incorporation in Decisionmaking tools

Volumetric planningEcosystem services stewardshipAquifer vulnerability/groundwater protection

Thermal and other mineral resource extraction and storage

Ground stability and foundation conditions

Risk management in development/construction

Protection of cultural heritageHazard identification and risk management

Burial of services and development of subsurface infrastructure,including underground transport, storage and waste disposal

Scientific work plan


[email protected]

[email protected]

@AskNetPart

www.bgs.ac.uk/asknetwork

COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.bgs.ac.uk/asknetwork

glasgow setting the standard for europe: an innovative public-private partnership encouraging better...

Technology

subsurface

data coverage

local authority

innovation

rights reserved

subsurface

knowledge

bgs