gitam university...1 gitam university (declared as deemed to be university u/s 3 of ugc act, 1956)...

1

GITAM UNIVERSITY (Declared as Deemed to be University U/S 3 of UGC Act, 1956)

DRAFT SYLLABUS OF

Five Year Integrated M.Sc. Chemistry Program (Sponsored by Laurus Labs)

(w.e.f 2014 -15 academic year)

Gandhi Nagar Campus, Rushikonda

VISAKHAPATNAM – 530 045 Website: www.gitam.edu

2

REGULATIONS (w.e.f. 2014-15 admitted batch)

1.0 ADMISSIONS

1.1 Admissions into 5 year Integrated M.Sc. Chemistry programme of GITAM University

are governed by GITAM University admission regulations.

2.0 ELIGIBILTY CRITERIA

2.1 A pass in 10+2 or equivalent examination approved by GITAM University with

Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics or Biology.

2.2 Admissions into Integrated M.Sc. programme will be based on an All India Entrance

Test conducted by GITAM University.

3.0 STRUCTURE OF THE INTEGRATED M Sc. PROGRAMME

3.1 The Programme of instruction consists of:

i. A core programme imparting to the student key concept required in the specialized

area of chemistry and other professional & organizational skills.

ii. Carry out a project approved by the Department submit a report

3.2 Each academic year consists of two semesters. M.Sc. programme has a curriculum and

course content (syllabi) for the courses recommended by the Board of Studies

concerned and approved by Academic Council.

3.3 Project report has to be submitted by each student individually.

4.0 CREDIT BASED SYSTEM

4.1 Each course is assigned certain number of credits which will depend upon the number

of contact hours (lectures & tutorials) per week.

4.2 In general, credits are assigned to the courses based on the following contact hours per

week per semester.

One credit for each Lecture / Tutorial hour

One credit for two hours of Practicals

Two credits for three (or more) hours of Practicals

4.3 The curriculum of M.Sc programme is designed to have a total of 205 credits for the

award of M Sc degree. A student is deemed to have successfully completed a particular

semester‘s programme of study when he / she earns all the credits of that semester i.e.,

he / she has no ‗F‘ grade in any course of that semester.

5.0 MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION

The medium of instruction (including examinations and project reports) shall be English.

3

6.0 CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT AND EXAMINATIONS

6.1 The assessment of the student‘s performance in each course will be based on

continuous internal evaluation and semester-end examination. The marks for each of

the component of assessment are fixed as shown in the Table 2.

Table 2: Assessment Procedure

S.No. Component

of

assessment

Marks

allotted

Type of

Assessment

Scheme of Examination

1

Theory

30

Continuous

evaluation

(i) Two mid semester examinations are to be

conducted for 10 marks each.

(ii) 5 marks are allocated for quiz.

(iii) 5 marks are allocated for assignments.

70 Semester-

end

examination

The semester-end examination question paper in

theory courses will be for a maximum of 70

marks.

Total 100

2

Practical

100

Continuous

evaluation

(i) One examination for a maximum of 20 marks

will be conducted by the teacher handling the lab

course during mid of the semester

(ii) One examination for a maximum of 70 marks

will be scheduled at the end of the semester by

the Head of the Department concerned. HoD will

appoint one examiner from the department not

connected with the conduct of regular lab, in

addition to the teacher who handled the lab

course in the semester.

(iii) 10 marks are allocated for regular

performance in the lab.

3

Internship

at Laurus

Labs

(VIII

semester)

200 Continuous

evaluation

Evaluation based on performance during hands

on training in the Laurus Labs

4

Project

(IX

semester)

200

Continuous

evaluation

Evaluation based on performance by project

work in the Larus Labs

5

Project

(X

semester)

300

Project

evaluation

(i) 200 marks are allocated for evaluation of the

project report submitted by the candidate with

the prior approval of Laurus Labs.

(ii) 100 marks are allocated for the presentation

of the project work & viva-voce at the end of the

semester, by a committee constituted by Vice

Chancellor.

4

7.0 REAPPEARANCE

7.1 A Student who has secured ‗F‘ Grade in any theory course / Practicals of any semester

shall have to reappear for the semester end examination of that course / Practicals

along with his / her juniors.

7.2 A student who has secured ‗F‘ Grade in Project work shall have to improve his report

and reappear for viva – voce Examination of project work at the time of special

examination to be conducted in the summer vacation after the last academic year.

8.0 SPECIAL EXAMINATION

A student who has completed the stipulated period of study for the degree programme

concerned and still having failure grade (‗F‘) in not more than 6 courses ( Theory / Practicals),

may be permitted to appear for the special examination, which shall be conducted in the

summer vacation at the end of the last academic year.

9.0 ATTENDANCE REQUIREMENTS

9.1 A student whose attendance is less than 75% in all the courses put together in any

semester will not be permitted to attend the end - semester examination and he/she will

not be allowed to register for subsequent semester of study. He/She may not get

subsistence allowance from Laurus Labs in the subsequent semesters. He/She has to

repeat the year along with his/her juniors. Students has to bear the tuition fee for the

year repeated.

9.2 However, the Vice Chancellor on the recommendation of the Principal / Director of the

University college / Institute may condone the shortage of attendance to the students

whose attendance is between 66% and 74% on genuine medical grounds and on

payment of prescribed fee.

10.0 GRADING SYSTEM

10.1 Based on the student performance during a given semester, a final letter grade will be

awarded at the end of the semester in each course. The letter grades and the

corresponding grade points are as given in Table 3.

Table 3: Grades & Grade Points

10.2 A student who earns a minimum of 5 grade points (C grade) in a course is declared to

have successfully completed the course, and is deemed to have earned the credits

assigned to that course. However, a minimum of 28 marks is to be secured at the

semester end examination of theory courses in order to pass in the theory course.

Grade Grade points Absolute Marks

O 10 90 and above

A+ 9 80 – 89

A 8 70 – 79

B+ 7 60 – 69

B 6 50 – 59

C 5 40 – 49

F Failed, 0 Less than 40

5

11.0 GRADE POINT AVERAGE

11.1 A Grade Point Average (GPA) for the semester will be calculated according to the

formula:

Σ [ C x G ]

GPA = ----------------

Σ C

Where

C = number of credits for the course,

G = grade points obtained by the student in the course.

11.2 Semester Grade Point Average (SGPA) is awarded to those candidates who pass in all

the courses of the semester.

11.3 To arrive at Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA), a similar formula is used

considering the student‘s performance in all the courses taken in all the semesters

completed up to the particular point of time.

11.4 The requirement of CGPA for a student to be declared to have passed on successful

completion of the Integrated M.Sc programme and for the declaration of the class is as

shown in Table 4.

Table 4: CGPA required for award of Degree

Distinction ≥ 8.0*

First Class ≥ 7.0

Second Class ≥ 6.0

Pass ≥ 5.0

* In addition to the required CGPA of 8.0, the student must have necessarily passed all the

courses of every semester in first attempt.

12.0 ELIGIBILITY FOR AWARD OF THE INTEGRATED M. Sc. DEGREE

12.1 Duration of the programme:

A student is ordinarily expected to complete the Integrated M.Sc. programme in ten

semesters of five years.

12.2 Canndidate who is unable to complete successfully the first three year graduation

period, he/she will not be promoted to 4th year.

12.3 Candidates with a backlog of a maximum of four papers will be eligible for instant

examinations and will be eligible for promotion to 4th year only after a passing in the

backlog papers.

12.4 Candidates with more than four backlog papers will be awarded B.Sc. degree

once they pass in all the backlog courses. They will only be permitted to join

M.Sc. the next year along with the next batch.

12.5 There is no exit provision to any candidate.

12.6 However the above regulation may be relaxed by the Vice Chancellor in individual

cases for cogent and sufficient reasons.

6

12.7 A student shall be eligible for award of the Integrated M Sc degree if he / she

fulfils all the following conditions.

a) Registered and successfully completed all the courses and projects.

b) Successfully acquired the minimum required credits as specified in

the curriculum corresponding to the branch of his/her study within the

stipulated time.

c) Has no dues to the Institute, hostels, Libraries, NCC / NSS etc, and

d) No disciplinary action is pending against him / her.

12.8 The degree shall be awarded after approval by the Academic council.

7

RULES

1. With regard to the conduct of the end-semester examination in any of the practical courses of

the programme, the Head of the Department concerned shall appoint one examiner from the

department not connected with the conduct of regular laboratory work, in addition to the

teacher who handled the laboratory work during the semester.

2. In respect of all theory examinations, the paper setting shall be done by an external paper

setter having a minimum of three years of teaching experience. The panel of paper setters for

each course is to be prepared by the Board of Studies of the department concerned and

approved by the Academic Council. The paper setters are to be appointed by the Vice

Chancellor on the basis of recommendation of Director of Evaluation / Controller of

Examinations.

3. The theory papers of end-semester examination will be evaluated by two examiners. The

examiners may be internal or external. The average of the two evaluations shall be considered

for the award of grade in that course.

4. If the difference of marks awarded by the two examiners of theory course exceeds 14 marks,

the paper will have to be referred to third examiner for evaluation. The average of the two

nearest evaluations of the three shall be considered for the award of the grade in that course.

5. Panel of examiners of evaluation for each course is to be prepared by the Board of Studies of

the department concerned and approved by the Academic Council.

6. The examiner for evaluation should possess post graduate qualification and a minimum of

three years teaching experience.

7. The appointment of examiners for evaluation of theory papers will be done by the Vice

Chancellor on the basis of recommendation of Director of Evaluation / Controller of

Examinations from a panel of examiners approved by the Academic Council.

8. Project work shall be evaluated by two examiners at the semester end examination. One

examiner shall be internal and the other be external. The Vice Chancellor can permit

appointment of second examiner to be internal when an external examiner is not available.

8

STRUCTURE

Five year Integrated M.Sc. Chemistry Programme Code: SPICH

Semester-I:

Paper code Subject Contact hours/week L P

Credits Continuous Evaluation

Sem end

Exam

Total Marks

SPICH 101 Chemistry-1 4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 102 Mathematics-I 4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 103 Physics-I 4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 104 English 3 0 3 30 70 100

SPICH 111 Chemistry Lab-I 0 6 2 100 -- 100

SPICH 112 Physics Lab-I 0 6 2 100 -- 100

SPICH 113 Office automation

0 3 2 100 -- 100

15 15 21 700

Total instruction/week: 30 Total Credits: 21 Semester-II:



Sem end

Exam

Total Marks

SPICH 201 Chemistry-II 4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 202 Mathematics-II 4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 203 Physics-II 4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 204 Environmental Studies

3 0 3 30 70 100

SPICH 205 Communication Skills

3 0 2 30 70 100

SPICH 211 Chemistry Lab-II 0 6 2 100 -- 100

SPICH 212 Physics Lab-II 0 6 2 100 -- 100

18 12 21 700

Total instruction/week: 30 Total Credits: 21

9

Five year Integrated M.Sc. Chemistry Semester-III:



Sem end

Exam

Total Marks

SPICH 301 Chemistry-III 4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 302 Mathematics-III 4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 303 Physics-III 4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 304

Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry

3 0 3 30 70 100

SPICH 305 Basics of Molecular spectroscopy

3 0 3 30 70 100

SPICH 311 Chemistry Lab-III 0 6 2 100 -- 100

SPICH 312 Physics Lab-III 0 6 2 100 -- 100

18 12 22 700

Total Instruction/week: 30 Total Credits: 22 Semester-IV:

Paper code Subject Contact hours/week

L P

Credits Continuous

Evaluation

Sem

end

Exam

Total

Marks

SPICH 401 Chemistry-IV 4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 402 Inorganic Chemistry-I

4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 403

Organic reactions & Heterocyclic compounds

4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 404 Physical Chemistry-I

4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 411 Inorganic Chemistry Lab-I

0 9 3 100 - 100

SPICH 412 Physical Chemistry Lab-I

0 9 3 100 - 100

16 18 22 600

Total Instruction/week: 34 Total Credits: 22

10

Five year Integrated M.Sc. Chemistry

Semester-V:


Credits Continuous

Evaluation

Sem end

Exam

Total Marks

SPICH 501 Organic synthesis and reagents

4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 502 Physical Chemistry-II 4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 503 Instrumental methods of Analysis

4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 504

Organic Stereochemistry and Reaction mechanism

4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 511 Organic Chemistry lab-I

0 9 3 100 -- 100

SPICH 512 Physical Chemistry Lab-II

0 9 3 100 -- 100

16 18 22 600

Total Instruction/week: 34 Total Credits: 22 Semester-VI:


Credits Continuous

Evaluation

Sem

end

Exam

Total

Marks

SPICH 601 Inorganic Chemistry-II 4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 602 Pericyclic reactions & Photochemistry

4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 603 Quantum Chemistry 4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 604 Advanced Instrumentation

4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 611 Inorganic Chemistry Lab-II

0 9 3 100 - 100

SPICH 612 Organic Chemistry Lab-II

0 9 3 100 - 100

16 18 22 600


11

Five year Integrated M.Sc. Chemistry Semester-VII:


Credits

Continuous

Evaluation

Sem end

Exam

Total Marks

SPICH 701 Chemistry of Natural products

4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 702 Organic Spectroscopy 4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 703 Quality assurance and regulatory affairs

4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 704 Separation methods of analysis

4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 711 Organic Synthesis Lab 0 9 3 100 -- 100

SPICH 712 Analytcial Chemistry Lab

0 9 3 100 -- 100

16 18 22 600

Total Instruction/week: 34 Total Credits: 22 Semester-VIII:


Credits Continuous

Evaluation

Sem

end

Exam

Total

Marks

SPICH 801 Advanced Organic Synthesis

4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 802 Industrial safety 3 0 2 30 70 100

SPICH 811 Seminar - - 2 100 - 100

SPICH 812 Internship at Laurus Labs

- 25 10 200 - 200

07 25 18 500


12

Five year Integrated M.Sc. Chemistry Semester-IX:



Sem end Exam

Total Marks

SPICH 901 Fundamentals of Chemical Engineering

4 0 4 30 70 100

SPICH 902 Principles of management

3 0 2 30 70 100

SPICH 911 Advanced Instrumentation Lab

- 9 3 100 - 100

SPICH 912 Seminar - - 2 100 - 100

SPICH 913 Project at Laurus Labs

- 20 8 200 - 200

07 29 19 600

Total Instruction/week: 36 Total Credits: 19 Semester-X:


Credits Continuous

Evaluation

Sem

end

Exam

Total

Marks

SPICH1011 Project at Laurus Labs

- 36 12 300 -- 300

SPICH1012 Viva-Voce - - 4 100 -- 100

-- 36 16 400

Total Instruction/week: 36 Total Credits: 16 Total credits: 205

13


SEMESTER PAPER TITLE COURSE

CODE

CREDITS HOURS

I Chemistry-1 SPICH 101 4 4 /week

UNIT – I

Chemical Bonding: Valence bond theory, hybridization, VB theory as applied to ClF3,

BrF5, Ni(CO)4, XeF2. Molecular orbital theory – LCAO method, construction of M.O.

diagrams for homo-nuclear and hetero-nuclear diatomic molecules (N2, O2, HCl, CO

and NO). Comparison of VB and MO theories.

UNIT – II

S-Block Elements: General characteristics of groups I & II elements, diagonal

relationship between Li & Mg, Be & Al. P-Block Elements: General characteristics of

P-block elements; Synthesis and structure of diborane: preparation and applications of

silanes: preparation and reactions of hydrazine; classifications of binary compounds

oxygen (oxides) based on (i) Chemical behavior and (ii) Oxygen content.

UNIT – III

Nature of bonding in organic molecules: Inductive effect, resonance and mesomeric

effect. Types of organic reactions: Addition-electrophilic, nucleophilic. Substitution-

electrophilic, nucleophilic. Elimination-examples (Mechanism not required).

UNIT – IV

Alkanes: Methods of preparation, Wurtz reaction, Kolbe‘s electrolysis. Chemical

reactivity – inert nature, free radical substitution mechanism. Halogenation example-

reactivity, methods of preparation: Hydrogenation of alkynes and alkenes. Alkenes:

Preparation of alkenes (a) by dehydration of alcohols (b) by dehydrohalogenation of

alkyl halides (c) by dehalogenation of 1,2 dihalides. Properties: Addition of halogen

and its mechanism. Addition of HX, Markonikov‘s rule,addition of H2O, HOX, H2SO4

and addition of HBr in the presence of peroxide (anti – Markonikov‘s addition ).

Oxidation – hydroxylation by KMnO4.

UNIT – V Alkynes: Preparation by dehydrohalogenation of dihalides, dehalogenation of

tetrahalides, Properties; Acidity of acetylenic hydrogen (formation of Metal acetylides)

and physical properties. Chemical reactivity –electrophilic addition of X2, HX, H2O

(Tautomerism), oxidation with KMnO4, reduction of acetylene. Alicyclic hydrocarbons

(Cycloalkanes): Nomenclature,Preparation by Freunds methods,heating dicarboxylic

14

metal salts, Properties – reactivity of cyclopropane and cyclobutane by comparing with

alkanes, stability of cycloalkanes – Baeyer‘s strain theory.

Text Books:

1 Concise Inorganic Chemistry,Lee, J.D. Somerset, New Jersey, U.S.A.: Blackwell

Pub, 1999

2 Basic Inorganic Chemistry,Cotton, F. Albert; Wilkinson, Sir Geoffrey, John Wiley &

Sons Inc pub

3. Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, Volume 1 & 2 G.D. Tuli,R.D. Madan,S.K.

Basu,Satya Prakash S. Chand & Company Ltd., 2012

4. Consise Inorganic Chemistry by J.E. Huheey Pearson Publishers

5. Organic Chemistry by R T Morrison & R N Boyd, Princeton Hall Publication, 6th

Ed; 1998

6. Unified Chemistry Vol I, O.P. Agrawal, Jai Prakash Nath Publications, Forty Third

edition 2014.

7. Unified Chemistry Vol 1, K Rama Rao, Y. R.Sharma Kalyani Publication



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

I Mathematics-I SPICH 102 4 4 /week

UNIT-I Algebraic Functions: Concepts, Graphical representation of functions, universe

functions, Polynomicals, rational functions, partial functions, solution of simultaneous

eqauations, The exponental function, logorithemic function, Hyperbolic functions,

Values of exponential and logarithmic functions

UNIT-II

Trigonometric Functions: Coordinate system, Measurement of angles, Trigonometric

functions, Signs of the trigonometric functions, Values of the Trigonometric functions,

Compound angles, Multiple and submultiple angles, Transformations, Universe

trigonometric functions.

UNIT-III

Differentiation: Derivative of a function, derivatives of some standard functions,

derivatives of trigonometric functions, Algebraic prosperities of differentiable

functions, Derivatives of composite function. Derivatives of universe function,

http://www.abebooks.com/servlet/SearchResults?an=Lee%2C+J.D.&cm_sp=det-_-bdp-_-author

http://www.abebooks.com/servlet/SearchResults?an=Cotton%2C+F.+Albert%3B+Wilkinson%2C+Sir+Geoffrey&cm_sp=det-_-bdp-_-author

http://www.abebooks.com/servlet/SearchResults?an=G.D.+Tuli%2CR.D.+Madan%2CS.K.+Basu%2CSatya+Prakash&cm_sp=det-_-bdp-_-author



15

Derivatives of universe trigonometric functions, Hyperbolic functions, Derivatives of

Hyperbolic functions, derivatives of universe Hyperbolic functions, implicet

differentiation, logarithmic differentiations

UNIT-IV

Partial Differentiation: Functions of several variables, partial derivatives, partial

derivatives of higher order homogeneous functions, Euler‘s theorem on Homogeneous

functions

UNIT-V

Indefinite Integration: Indefinite integral, Methods of integration, integration by

substitution, integration of some standard functions, integration by parts, Definite

integrals, Poperties of definite integrals, Reduction formulae

Text Books:

1. A text book of mathematics Vol I A : Algebra & trigonometry, V. Venkateswara

Rao, N. Krishna Murty, B.V.S.S. Sarma and S. Anjaneya Sastry, S.Chand & Co

2. The Chemistry Mathmatics Book Erich Steiner, Oxford University press, 2nd

Ed.

2008



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

I Physics -I SPICH 103 4 4 /week

UNIT-I

Concepts of Nuclear Physics- Nuclear Properties, The force between Nucleons,

Nuclear fission liquid drop model-semi empirical mass formula – Nuclear decay and

Radioactivity-Radioactive decay, alpha emission –properties, spectrum ,range and GN

law with nuclear radiation detection, GM counter and scintillation detectors

UNIT-II

Lasers: Introduction- Attenuation of light in optical medium. Thermal Equilibrium,

Interactions of light with matter: Absorption, Spontaneous Emissions, Stimulated

Emissions, Einesten‘s Coefficients and their relations. Light Amplification-Conditions

for emission and requirements, Components of Laser: Lasing action. Types of lasers-

Ruby laser, He-Ne Laser and CO2 Laser with construction and working. Semi

conductor Laser

16

UNIT-III

Electronic properties of Solids: Evolution of band structure, Brillouin zone, Effective

mass of electron, Occupation of bands by electrons, Intrinsic semiconductors, Concept

of hole, Extrinsic semiconductors, Hall effect, Electrical conductivity of metals, alloys

& semiconductors, Fermi levels in metals & semiconductors, Direct & indirect band

gap semiconductors.

UNIT-IV

Nano Science: Nanomaterials-Introduction to Nanoscience and Nanotechnology,

Difference between nanomaterials and bulk materials, Reduction of dimensions 3D,

2D, 1D, 0D materials, various morphologies of nanomaterials, Bottom up and top down

approaches, size dependent physical properties and Nano cluster.

UNIT-V

Electromagnetic theory: Faraday‘s laws of electromagnetic induction in integral and

differential form, continuity equation for charge, displacement current, Maxwell‘s

equations in free space, electromagnetic wave equation for plane waves in dielectric

medium and free space, relation between E, B,and k, Poynting vector

Text Books:

1. Introductory Nuclear Physics by Kenneth S.Krane Wiely India Pvt.Ltd., 1st Ed.

2. A Text book of Optics by Brijlal, N.Subrahmanyam and M.N.Avadhanulu, S. Chand

Publications (Revised Ed.)

3. Electronic Properties of Materials: R.E. Hummel

4. Introduction to Nano Technology, C. P. Poole, Jr. F. J. Owens, PHI

5 .Engineering Electromagnetics: William Hayt, John Buck, McGraw-Hill 7th

Ed

17



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

I English SPICH 104 3 3 /week

This is to inspire the students to learn language through literature and to sensitize them

to the values of life.

UNIT-I

1. Ozymandias : by P.B. Shelly.

2. Spoken English and Broken English: G.B.Shaw.

UNIT-II

1. Ode to A Nightingale: John Keats

2. Of Studies: Sir Francis Bacon

UNIT-III

1. Mending Wall:Robert Frost.

2. The Distinguished stranger: R.L.Stevenson

UNIT-IV

1. Bridal Ballad: Edgar Allan Poe.

2. The Antidote: R.K.Narayan.

UNIT-V

1. Palanquin Bearers: Sarojini Naidu

2. My Mother –Dom Moraes



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

I Chemistry Lab-I SPICH 111 2 6 /week

Qualitative Analysis and Inorganic preparations:

Analysis of mixtures containing two anions (two anion and two cations of different

groups) from the following:

18

Anions: Carbonate, Sulfide, Sulphate, Chloride, Bromide, Iodide, Acetate, Nitrate,

Cations: Lead, Copper, Bismuth, Cadmium, Tin, Antimony, Iron, Aluminum, Zinc,

Manganese, Nickel, Cobalt, Calcium, Strontium, Barium, Potassium and

Ammonium.

Preparations 1) Ferrous ammonium sulphate

2) Potash alum

3) Hexammine cobalt (III) chloride

Text Books:

1.Qualitative Inorganic Analysis by A.I. Vogel, Longmann Publishers

2. Inorganic Semi micro qualitative Analysis by V.V. Ramanujam, The National

Publishing Company



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

I Physics Lab -I SPICH 112 2 6 /week

1. Plateau Characterstics with GM Counter

2. Absorption coefficient of material

3. Specific charge of an electron

4. Zener Diode as a voltage regulator

5. CE Characteristics of transistors

6. Logic gates verification of truth tables

7. Planck‘s constant by photo cell.

8. Study of PN Junction

9. Hall effect

10.B-H Curve and hysteresis loss



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

I Office Automation SPICH 113 2 3/week

1. MS Word Basics: Introduction to MS Office, Introduction to MS Word, Features &

area of use. Working with MS Word, Menus & Commands, Toolbars & Buttons,

Shortcut Menus, Wizards &Templates, Creating a New Document, Different Page

Views and layouts, Applying various Text Enhancements, Working with -Styles,

19

Text Attributes, Paragraph and Page Formatting, Text Editing using various features

- Bullets, Numbering, Auto formatting, Printing & various print options.

2. Advanced Features of MS-Word: Spell Check, Thesaurus, Find & Replace; Headers

& Footers, Inserting - Page Numbers, Pictures, Files, Auto texts, Symbols etc.,

Working with Columns, Tabs & Indents, Creation & Working with Tables including

conversion to and from text, Margins & Space management in Document, Adding

References and Graphics, Mail Merge, Envelops & Mailing Labels. Importing and

exporting to and from various formats.

3. Ms – Excel: Introduction and area of use, Working with MS Excel, concepts of

Workbook & Worksheets, Using Wizards, Various Data Types, Using different

features with Data, Cell and Texts, Inserting, Removing & Resizing of Columns &

Rows, Working with Data & Ranges, Different Views of Worksheets, Column

Freezing, Labels, Hiding, Splitting etc., Using different features with Data and Text;

Use of Formulas, Calculations & Functions, Cell Formatting including Borders &

Shading, Working with Different Chart Types, Printing of Workbook & Worksheets

with various options.

4. MS-Power Point : Introduction & area of use, Working with MS PowerPoint,

Creating a New Presentation, Working with Presentation, Using Wizards, Slides &

its different views, Inserting, Deleting and Copying of Slides, Working with Notes,

Handouts, Columns & Lists, Adding Graphics, Sounds and Movies to a Slide,

Working with PowerPoint Objects, Designing & Presentation of a Slide Show,

Printing Presentations, Notes, Handouts with print options.

5. Introduction to C : Overview of Compilers and interpreters, Structure of C

program. C declarations : Character set, Delimiters, keywords, Identifiers,

Constants, Variables, Rules for defining variables, Data types, Declaring and

Initializing variables, Type Conversion, Constant and Volatile Variables.

6. Operators and Expressions: Priority of Operators and Their Clubbing, Comma and

Conditional operator, Arithmetic, Logical, relational and Bitwise Operators.

Input Output in C : Formatted and Unformatted functions, Library Functions.

7. Decision Statements : If , if else, break, goto, switch, for, while, do-while

statements.

Arrays : Array initialization, Definition, Character array, One dimensional Array,

two dimensional Array.

Reference Books :

1, 2, 3 and 4: Working with Microsoft Office

5, 6 and 7 : Programming with Ansi and Turbo C – Ashok N. Kamthane – Pearson

Publication – 2nd

ed.

20



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

II Chemistry -II SPICH 201 4 4 /week

UNIT – I

Aromatic Compounds: Benzene and its reactivity: Molecular formula of benzene,

structure of benzene by Kekule, concept of resonance, resonance energy. Heat of

hydrogenation, heat of combustion of benzene, Concept of aromaticity – Huckel‘s rule.

Reactions: General mechanism of electrophilic substitution, mechanism of nitration and

sulfonation. Friedel Craft‘s alkylation and acylation. Orientation of aromatic

substitution- ortho, para, and meta directing groups.

UNIT – II

Halogen Compounds: Nomenclature and classification of alkyl, aryl, allyl, vinyl,

benzyl halides. Preparation and chemical properties of alkyl and aryl halides.

Hydroxy compounds: Nomenclature and classification of hydroxy compounds.

Preparation, physical and chemical properties, Special reactions of phenols a)

Bromination b) Kolbe-Scmidt reaction with mechanism.

UNIT – III

Carbonyl Compounds: Synthesis of aldehydes from acid chlorides, synthesis of ketones

from nitriles and carboxylic acids. Physical properties: keto-enol tautomerism,

reactivity of carbonyl group in aldehydes and ketones. Nucleophilic addition reaction

with a) NaHSO3, b) HCN c) RMgX d) NH2OH e) PhNHNH2

Halogenation using PCl5 with mechanism. Base catalysed reactions: a) Aldol b)

Cannizzaro reaction c) Perkin reaction. .

UNIT – IV

Gaseous State: Postulates of kinetic theory of gases, deviation from ideal behaviour,

vander waals equation of state. Critical Phenomena; PV isotherms of real gases

continuity of states, isotherms of CO2. Vander waals equation, and critical state

Experimental determinations of critical constant.

UNIT – V

Solid state Chemistry: Symmetry in crystals. Law of constancy of interfacial angles.

The law of rationality of indices. The law of symmetry. Definition of lattice point,

space lattice,unit cell. Bravis lattices and crystal systems. X-ray diffraction and crystal

structure. Bragg‘s law.Determination of crystal structure by Bragg‘s method.

21

RECOMMEDED BOOKS

1. A text book of Physical chemistry by Bhall and Tuli

2. Unified Physical Chemistry by O.P. Agrawal

3. Unified Physical Chemistry : Kalyani Publication


Ed; 1998

5. Unified Chemistry Vol II, O.P. Agrawal, Jai Prakash Nath Publications, Forty Third

edition 2014.

6. Unified Chemistry Vol I1, K Rama Rao, Y. R.Sharma Kalyani Publication.



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

II Mathematics-II SPICH 202 4 4 /week

UNIT-I

Differential Equations : Types of differential Equations, Order of a differential

Equations, Degree of a differential Equations, Formation of a differential Equations,

Solution of a differential Equations, Differential Equations of a first order and first

degree, Variable sperable.

UNIT-II

Homogeneous differential Equations, General solution of homogeneous differential

equation, Equations reducible to homogeneous form, linear equations, solution of linear

equations, Bernoulls‘ Equation, Solution of Bernoull‘s Equation, exact differential

Equations, integrating factors.

UNIT-III

Vector differentiation: Derivative of a vector, simple problems; Differential operators:

Gradient of a scalar function, level surface, vector differential operators and scalar

differential operators, divergence of a vector, curl of a vector, simple problems on these

topics.

UNIT-IV

Matrices: Rank of a matrix, minor of a matrix, rank of matrix, elementary

transformations, reduction to normal form, Echelon from of a matrix, homogeneous

and non-homogeneous linear equations, condition for consistency (proofs of matrix

theorems are not required)

22

UNIT-V

Matrices: Characteristic roots and characteristic vectors, characteristic equations,

Cayley-Hamiltion theorem with proof, inverse of matrix using Cayley-Hamiltion

theorem. Verification of Cayley-Hamiltion theorem.

BOOKS

1. A text book of B.Sc. mathematics vol. 1 and vol. 3 V. Venkateswara Rao, N.

Krishna Murthy and BVSS Sharma, S.Anjaneya Sastry S. Chand & Co. Ltd.

2. Higher engineering Mathematics by Dr. B.S.Grewal, Khanna publishers

3. Mathematical vol-I, II, III, by V. Venkateswara Rao, N. Krishna Murthy and BVSS

Sharma, S. Chand & Co. Ltd.


Ed. 2008



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

II Physics-II SPICH 203 4 4 /week

UNIT-I

Simple Harmonic Motion: Physical characteristics of simple harmonic oscillators,

harmonic oscillator and general solution, geometrical representation,relations between

displacement ,velocity and acceleration, energy of particle executing SHM. Simple

pendulum-Determination of g, laws of simple pendulum, seconds pendulum. Mass

attached to horizontal spring ,vertical spring.

UNIT-II

Damped Harmonic Oscillator: Physical characteristics of Damped Harmonic

Oscillator, Equation of motion for damped harmonic oscillator-light, heavy and critical

damping, power dissipation, relaxation time, quality factor and numerical solutions.

UNIT-III Forced Oscillations:Physical characteristics of forced oscillations, equation of motion

for forced harmonic oscillator,amplitude resonance,effect of damping,sharpness of

resonance, velocity amplitude of driven oscillations its resonance and numerical

solutions.

UNIT-IV

Coupled Oscillations:Composition of SHM in straight line,Lissajous

figures,composition of two SHMswith equal time periods, demonstration and uses of

Lissajous figures.Physical characteristics of Coupled oscillations, Normal modes of

vibration, coupled oscillations, method of determining,normal mode frequencies forced

coupled oscillator

23

UNIT-V

Travelling waves and Ultrasonics: Physical Characteristics of waves, stationary waves,

conditions, formation of stationary waves energy and energy transmission. Transverse

waves on string, normal modes of stretched string,laws of vibrating string and energy

of transverse wave along stretched string.

ultrasonic waves: production, detection and determination of velocity of ultrasonic

waves in liquids,properties and applications of ultrasonics

Text Books

1. Oscillations,Waves and Acoustics P.K.Mittal IK International

2. Vibrations and Waves [Paperback] by George C. King Wiley; 1 edition (2009)

3. A treatise on general properties of matter: H.Chaterjee and R. Sengupta, New Central

book Agency

Reference Books

1. Waves and Oscillations, by-Stephenson.

2. Oscillation, waves and sound, by- Sharma andSaxena

3. Vibration and waves- MIT introductory physics- A.P.French Arnold-Heinmann India

(1973)

4. Oscillations and waves Satya prakash and Akash saluja- - Pragati Prakashan (2002)

5. University Physics-I Anwar kamal



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

II Environmental

Studies

SPICH 204 3 3 /week

UNIT-I

The Multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies–Definition, Scope and

Importance, Need for Public awareness.

Natural Resources: Classification – Renewable and Non Renewable Resources.

Renewable Resources: Forest, Water and Energy Resources Non Renewable

Resources: Mineral, Food and Land resources (Uses, reasons for over-utilization and

effects)

UNIT-II

Eco-system: Structure of an Ecosystem, Producers, consumers and de-composers.

Structure of Terrestrial Ecosystems (Forest ecosystem, Grassland ecosystem and Desert

ecosystem) and Aquatic Ecosystems (Pond ecosystem and ocean ecosystem). Function

http://www.amazon.com/George-C.-King/e/B001UEMHIS/ref=ntt_athr_dp_pel_1

24

of an ecosystem -food chains, food web and ecological pyramids - energy flow in the

ecosystem.

Environmental Pollution: Causes, effects and control measures of Air, Water,soil

pollution, Thermal pollution and nuclear hazards. Municipal solid waste management.

UNIT-III

Environmental problems : Global Environmental Problems, Green house effect, Ozone

layer depletion, acid rains and Climate change.

National Environmental Problems: Deforestation – Causes and Effects, Environmental

Problems associated with dams. Mining and Environmental effects.

UNIT-IV

Social Issues and the Environment: Environmental ethics, Issues and possible solutions.

Waste land reclamation, Consumerism and waste products.

Environmental Legislation: Environment Protection Act, Air Act, Water Act, Wildlife

Protection act and Forest conservation act.

UNIT-V

Human Population and the Environment: Population growth, variation among nations,

Population explosion-Family welfare programme.

Environment and human health.Human rights, Value education, HIV/AIDS, Women

and Child welfare, Role of information technology in environment and human health.

Text Book:

1. Text Book of Environmental studies for Undergraduate courses by Bharucha Erach

Published by V.G.C,

2. Environmental Science: A Global Concern by William P.Cunningham and Baraba

Woodworth Saigo.

3. A text book of Environmental Science by P.C.Joshi

4. A text book of Environmental Science by Arvind Kumar

5. A text book of Environmental Science by S.C.Santra

6. Ecology & Environment by P.D.Sharma



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

II Communication

Skills

SPICH 205 2 3 /week

The fundamental aim of this course is to help the student to become confident and

competent communicators in written and spoken English. The methodology in

teaching and evaluation shall be oriented towards this end, rather than rote

memorization.

25

Prerequisite: Acquaintance with basic High school Grammar and Composition.

A TEXT WITH COMMUNICATIVE APPROACH

The aim of the text is to provide interesting new approach to learning English by

providing stimulating and motivating material and a wide range of activities that are

meaningful, natural, authentic, and useful in day-to-day life : ―Creative English for

Communication‖ by N.Krishnaswamy & T.Sri Raman-Macmillan India Ltd-(2005

version)

(Section-I Communicate-units 1-6 only)

UNIT- I Textual Lessons 1 & 2

Synonyms & Antonyms, One word substitutes,

Words often confused, Phrasal Verbs

UNIT- II Textual Lesson – 3

Foreign Phrases, Tenses, Concord

UNIT –III Textual Lesson - 4

Error Analysis, Single Sentence Definition, Paragraph Writing

UNIT -IV Textual Lesson - 5

Essay Writing, Dialogue Writing, Reading Comprehension

UNIT- V Textual Lesson – 6

Note Making, Precis Writing Text Books:

Part – 1 (Communicate Units 1 to 6 only) of

Creative English for Communication, N.Krishna Swamy &

T. Sriraman.Macmillan India Ltd (2005 version)

Supplementary Reading:

Current English for Colleges., N. Krishna Swamy & T. Sri Raman. Macmillan.

Examine your English Margaret Maison,Macmillan.



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

II Chemistry Lab -II SPICH 211 2 6 /week

Analysis of Organic Compounds

Organic Laboratory Techniques Identification of an organic compounds: Functional group analysis,

26

Synthesis of Organic Compounds:

i. Diazotization and coupling: Preparation of pheyl azo β-napthol

ii. Preparation of Naroline

iii. Preparation of methyl-p-nitrobenzoate from p-nitrobenzoic acid

Text Book: 1. Vogel‘s text book of Organic Analysis, Longmann Publishers



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

II Physics Lab-II SPICH 212 2 6 /week

1. Range and least count of Instruments, measurements using various instruments and

error analysis (vernier caliper, screw gauge, traveling microscope, spectrometer etc

2. Acceleration due to gravity by simple pendulum.

3. Variation of T with l for a compound pendulum (Bar pendulum)

4. Frequency of a tuning fork with the help of a sonometer

5. Simple harmonic underdamped oscillation Calculation of (i) time period T of

oscillation, (ii) angular frequency

6. Simple pendulum Determine the (i) coefficient of damping K, (ii) relaxation time t,

(iii) the quality factor Q

7. Study of Lissajous‘s figure (To measure voltage and frequency of a sinusoidal

waveform using a CRO and to find unknown frequencies by producing Lissajous

figures)

8. Standing waves on a stretched string Verify the relation between tension, frequency

and number of loops.

9. Frequency of A.C. mains with a sonometer using non-magnetic wire

10. Ultrasonic interferometer – Determination of Ultrasonic velocity of liquids



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

III Chemistry -III SPICH 301 4 4 /week

UNIT – I

Chemistry of d-block elements: Characteristics of d-block elements with special

reference to electronic configuration, variable valence, magnetic properties, catalytic

properties and ability to form complexes. Stability of various oxidation states and e.m.f.

Comparative treatment of second and third transition series with their 3d analogues.

27

UNIT – II

Chemistry of f-block elements: chemistry of lanthanides – electronic structure,

oxidation states, lanthanide contraction, consequences of lanthanide contraction,

magnetic properties, spectral properties. Chemistry of actinides – electronic

configuration, oxidation states, actinide contraction, position of actinides in the

periodic table, comparison with lanthanides in terms of magnetic properties, spectral

properties and complex formation.

UNIT – III

Coordination Chemistry: IUPAC nomenclature, bonding theories – review of Werner‘s

theory and Sidgwick‘s concept of coordination, valence bond theory, geometries of

coordination numbers 4 (tetrahedral and square planar), 6 (octahedral) and its

limitations, crystal filed theory, splitting of d-orbitals in octahedral, tetrahedral fields.

UNIT – IV

Carboxylic acids and derivatives: nomenclature, classification and structure of

carboxylic acids.Methods of preparation by hydrolysis of nitriles, amides and esters.

Special methods of preparation of aromatic acids by a) oxidation of side chain. b)

Kolbe reaction. Physical properties: Hydrogen bonding, dimeric association, acidity-

strength of acids with examples of trimethyl acetic acid and trichloroacetic acid.

Chemical properties: - salt formation, anhydride formation, acid chloride formation,

amide formation and esterification.

UNIT – V

Nitrogen compounds: Nitro hydrocarbons. Preparation of nitroalkanes. Amines

(Aliphatic and Aromatic): Preparative methods -1. Ammonolysis of alkyl halides 2.

Gabriel synthesis. Chemical properties: a) Alkylation b) Acylation c) Carbylamine

reaction d) Hinsberg reaction e) Reaction with nitrous acid of 10, 2

0, 3

0 (Aliphatic).

Electrophilic substitutions of aromatic amines – Bromination and nitration.

RECOMMEDED BOOKS

1. Concise Inorganic Chemistry,Lee, J.D. Somerset, New Jersey, U.S.A.: Blackwell Pub, 1999

2 Basic Inorganic Chemistry,Cotton, F. Albert; Wilkinson, Sir Geoffrey, John Wiley & Sons

Inc pub

3. Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, Volume 1 & 2 G.D. Tuli,R.D. Madan,S.K. Basu,Satya

PrakashS. Chand & Company Ltd., 2012

4. Consise Inorganic Chemistry by J.E. Huheey Pearson Publishers


Ed; 1998

6. Unified Chemistry Vol I, O.P. Agrawal, Jai Prakash Nath Publications, Forty Third edition

2014.

7. Unified Chemistry Vol 1, K Rama Rao, Y. R.Sharma Kalyani Publication

http://www.abebooks.com/servlet/SearchResults?an=Lee%2C+J.D.&cm_sp=det-_-bdp-_-author

http://www.abebooks.com/servlet/SearchResults?an=Cotton%2C+F.+Albert%3B+Wilkinson%2C+Sir+Geoffrey&cm_sp=det-_-bdp-_-author




28



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

III Mathematics-III SPICH 302 4 4 /week

UNIT-I

Matrices and determinants: Definition, addition and multiplication of matrices, various

types of matrices, determinant of a square matrix, crammer‘s rule, inverse of matrix,

solution of system of linear equations by matrix inversion method.

UNIT-II

Numerical methods: Solution of algebraic and transcendental equations – Bisection

method, method of false position – solutions of linear simultaneous equations, Jacobs‘s

– Iteration method – Gauss-sedial iteration method.

UNIT-III

Interpolation: Newton‘s forward, backward interpolation, Lagrange‘s interpolation with

unequal intervals, numerical integration – Trapezoidal rule, simpson‘s 1/3rd

rule, 3/8th

rule (only statements of formulas).

UNIT-IV

Statistical methods: Introduction, collection and classification of data, graphical

representation, measures of central tendency, measures of dispersion, quartiles, deciles

UNIT-V

Probability: Introduction to probability, definitions of permutations and combinations,

addition and multiplication theorems, conditional probability, Baye‘s theorem.

BOOKS

1. Higher Engineering Mathematics by Dr. B.S. Grewal, Khanna Publications, 2B,

North Market, Nai Satak, Delhi

2. Engineering Mathematics P.P.Gupta, Krishna Prakashan Media (P) Ltd, Meerut 3. Engineering Mathematics BV.Ramana Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing company, Ltd,

2012


Ed. 2008

29



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

III Physics-III SPICH

303

4 4/week

UNIT-I

Propagation of Light: Elementary Optical Phenomena and the Nature of

Light,Electrical Consants and the Speed of Light,Plane Harmonic Waves. Phase

Velocity,The Vectorial Nature of Light,Energy Flow. The Poynting Vector,Linear

Polarization, Reflection and Refraction at a Plane Boundary,Amplitudes of Reflected

and Refracted Waves. Fresnel's Equations,The Brewster angle, Phase Changes in Total

Internal Reflection and Reflection Matrix.

UNIT-II

Coherence and Interference: The Principle of Linear Superposition, Young's

Experiment, Michelson‘s Interferometer, Newton‘s rings - determination of wave

length ,Coherence Time and Coherence Length, Spectral Resolution of a Finite Wave

Train. Coherence and Line Width, Spatial Coherence and Intensity Interferometry.

UNIT-III

Diffraction: General description and fundamental theory of diffraction, plane

diffraction grating and transmission grating- resolving power of grating. Fresnel

diffraction, zone plate and half period zones- Fraunhofer diffraction- diffraction due to

single slit, Circular aperture its patterns, Differences between types of diffraction.

UNIT-IV

Optics of Solids: General remarks ,Macroscopic fields and Maxwell's equations, The

general wave equation, Propagation of Light in isotropic dielectrics. Dispersion,

Propagation of light in conducting media, Reflection and Refraction at the boundary of

an absorbing medium and Optical Activity.

UNIT-V

Amplification of Light :Lasers-Stimulated emission and thermal radiation, Einstein

coefficients,amplification in a medium, Methods of producing a population Inversion-

Laser oscillation, Optical-resonator theory, Optically pumped solid-state lasers.

30

Text Books

1. Introduction to Modern Optics Grant R. Fowles 2nd

Ed. Dover Books on Physics.

2. Optics Ajoy Ghatak Mc Graw Hill 2005

3. A.Text Book of Optics Brijlal and N.Subrahmanyam M.N.Avadhanulu 2004,S Chand &

Co

Reference Books

1. Fundamentals of Optics Jenkins White 4 Ed.TMH,2011

2. Introduction to Optics Frank.L. Pedrotti,Dorling Kindersly 3 Ed.,2008



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

III Fundamentals of

Analytical

Chemistry

SPICH 304 3 3 /week

UNIT-I

Fundamentals of aqueous chemistry : Introduction, Volumetric analysis, terms used in

volumetric analysis,mole concept, concentration of solutions: molarity, normality,

molality and mole fraction. Classification of titrimetric reactions. Neutralization

Titrations: acid base indicators ,pH indicators , theory of indicators ,choice of

indicators, Buffer solutions, applications of neutralization titrations.

Non-aqueous titrations- Types of reactions, indicators used.

i) Determination of acids, ii) Determination of bases

iii) Karl-Fischer reagent for the determination of moisture content in drugs and other

samples

UNIT-II

Redox Titrations: Classification of redox titrations ,types of electrodes,reagents used

for preliminary redox reactions, redox indicators, feasibility of redox titration,

Potential requirements of oxidation reduction titrations, concept of formal potential.

UNIT-III

Precipitation titrations & gravimetric analysis : Introduction, indicators for

precipitation titrations, feasibility of precipitation titrations, the Volhard, the Mohr

methods .

Principle of gravimetry, the colloidal state, super saturation, nucleation and crystal

growth. , Precipitation methods completeness of precipitation, Co-prcipitation, post

precipitation ,Precipitation from homogeneous solution(PFHS).

http://www.amazon.com/Grant-R.-Fowles/e/B001IODNDS/ref=ntt_athr_dp_pel_1/180-5259713-6286141

31

UNIT-IV

Complexometric titrations: Introduction , chelating agents, complexes with metal

ions, indicators for EDTA ,titration methods employing EDTA-direct, back and

displacement titrations. Masking and demasking agents, applications of EDTA

titrations

UNIT-V

Sampling &Errors in chemical analysis:

Introduction, Significance of sampling Sampling methods for solids and liquids.

Accuracy, Precision, Types of errors,determinate errors,indeterminate errors

,minimization of of errors, Ways of expressing accuracy and precision,standard

deviation , Significant figures,F-test, Q-test, t-test.

Textbooks:

1. Quantitative Analysis, R.A.Day & A.L.Underwood, Prentice -Hall of India, 6th

ed.1991

2. D.A. Skoog, D.M. West and F.J. Holler, Analytical Chemistry, An Introduction, Sanders

College Publishing, New York, 7th

ed. 2000

3. Analytical Chemistry- Gary D Christian, John Wiley and Sons inc,7th

ed.2003.

4. Vogel's textbook of Inorganic Quantitative Analysis - J. Bassett et al. ELBS ,6th

ed. 2000.

Reference books:

1. Chemical analysis - H.A. Laitinan, McGraw Hill Book Co.,2nd

ed. 1975


SEMEST

ER

PAPER TITLE COURSE

CODE

CREDI

TS

HOUR

S

III Basics of Molecular

Spectroscopy

SPICH

305 3

3

/week

UNIT-I

Spectroscopy-Unifying Principles: Electromagnetic radiation- interaction of

electromagnetic radiation with matter- different types of molecular energies -

diagramatic representation of energy levels -absorption, emission, transmission,

reflection, refraction, dispersion and scattering.

UNIT-II

Vibrational and rotational Spectroscopy : Rotational spectra of diatomic molecules-

rigid rotor-selection rules- calculation of bond length- isotopic effect- second order

stark effect and its applications, infrared spectra of diatomic molecules-harmonic

oscillators- Selection rules- overtones-combination bands-calculation of force constant.

32

UNIT-III

Raman Spectroscopy: Raman effect- Classical and quantum mechanical explanations-

pure rotational, vibrational Raman spectra- selection rules, mutual exclusion principle.

Electronic Spectroscopy :Electronic spectra of diatomic molecules- vibrational course

structure- Franck-Condon principle

UNIT-IV

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: Nuclear spin, nuclear resonance,

saturation, shielding of magnetic nuclei, chemical shift and its measurements, factor

influencing chemical shift, deshielding, spin-spin interaction, factor influencing

coupling constant ‗J‘, basics of instrumentation.

UNIT-V

Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy: Basic principles, zero field splitting- factors

affecting the ‗g‘ value. Isotropic and anisotropic hyperfine coupling constants-

experimental technique - applications of ESR studies: deuterium and methyl free

radical.

Books Suggested:

1 Physical methods in chemistry, R.S. Drago, Reinhold, New York,1968

2 Introduction to Molecular Spectroscopy, G.M. Barrow, McGraw Hill, NewYork, 1962 3 Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy, C.N. Banwell and E.M. Mc Cash, Tata

McGraw Hill, New Delhi. 4th

edition, 1994



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

III Chemistry Lab -III SPICH 311 2 6 /week

1. Determination of viscosity of a liquid using viscometer

2. Determination of surface tension of a liquid using stalgmometer

3. Determination of Fe(II) using K2Cr2O7

4. Determination of Fe(II) using KMnO4 with oxalic acid as a primary standard

5. Determination of Cu(II) using Na2S2O3 with K2Cr2O7 as primary standard

6. Determination of distribution coefficient of Iodine between water and a organic

solvent

7. Determination of molecular status and partition coefficient of benzoic acid in

benzene and water

8. Determination of specific reaction rate of the hydrolysis of methyl acetate

catalysed by hydrogen ion at room temperature

33



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

III Physics Lab-III SPICH 312 2 6 /week

1. Brewster angle and refractive index of a transparent material with He-Ne laser

2. Magneto-optic rotation and magneto-optic modulation with He-Ne laser

3. Recording of a hologram and reconstruction of the image with He-Ne laser

4. Diffraction at a circular aperture

5. Polarization and Malus law

6. Determination of wavelength of sodium yellow line by Newton‘s rings

7 .Diffraction of light with plane transmission grating

8. Nicol Prism

9. Elliptically-polarised light by Babinets compensator

10. Rydbergs constant



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

IV Chemistry -IV SPICH 401 4 4 /week

UNIT –I

Dilute solutions and Colligative properties: Dilute solutions, colligative properties,

ideal and non-ideal solutions. Raoult‘s law, relative lowering of vapor pressure,

molecular weight determination. Osmosis, laws of osmotic pressure, its measurement,

determination of molecular weight from osmotic pressure. Elevation of boiling point

and depression of freezing point. Derivation of relation between molecular weight and

elevation in boiling point and depression in freezing point.

UNIT –II

Electro Chemistry: Conductance, specific conductance, equivalent conductance,

measurement of equivalent conductance. Variation of equivalent conductance with

dilution. Migration of ions, Kohlrausch‘s law. Arrhenius theory of electrolyte

dissociation and its limitations. Ostwald‘s dilution law.

Single Electrode potential – Nernst equation, Standard Hydrogen electrode – Reference

electrodes: calomel and glass electrodes, conventional representation of

electrochemical cells- Electrochemical series and its significance.

34

UNIT – III

Thermodynamics: The first law of thermodynamics-statement, definition of internal

energy and enthalpy. Heat capacities and their relationship. Joule‘s law - Joule-

Thomson coefficient. Calculation of w, q, dU and dH for the expansion of perfect gas

under isothermal and adiabatic conditions for reversible processes. Temperature

dependence of enthalpy of formation.

UNIT –IV

Colloidal State: Definition of colloids, classification of colloids. Solids in liquids (sols),

Preparation, properties –kinetic, optical and electrical- protective colloids( stability)-

Gold Number - Hardy-Schulze law- liquids in liquids (emulsions) – preparation,

properties and uses, liquids in solids (gels)-preparation and uses - applications of

colloids.

UNIT –V

Phase Rule: Statement and meaning of the terms – Phase, Component and degrees of

freedom, Gibb‘s Phase rule, phase equilibria of one component system-water system.

Phase equilibria of two component system- Solid-liquid equilibria, simple eutectic-Pb-

Ag system. Desilverisation of lead.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. A Textbook of Physical Chemistry, Vol. II & III: K L Kapoor, Macmillan

Publishers India, 3rd

edition, 2013

2. Unified Chemistry Vol III, O.P. Agrawal, Jai Prakash Nath Publications, Forty

Third edition 2014.

3. Unified Chemistry Vol III, K Rama Rao, Y. R.Sharma Kalyani Publication



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

IV Inorganic

Chemistry-I

SPICH 402 4 4 /week

UNIT-I Chemistry of Coordination compounds: Theories of bonding - Crystal field theory and

its applications for interpreting electronic and magnetic properties of coordination

compounds, Limitations of crystal field theory, Ligand field theory (LFT) applied to

coordination compounds, Ligand field stabilization energy, metal-ligand sigma and pi-

35

bonds involving s, p, d and their hybridized orbitals, MLCT and LMCT transitions in

coordination compounds, John Teller effect.

UNIT-II

Spectral and Magnetic properties of Metal complexes:Electronic absorption spectrum

of [Ti(H2O)6]3+

ion. Types of magnetic behavior – Diamagnetism, paramagnetism,

Ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism; spin-only formula,

calculation of magnetic moments, experimental determination of magnetic

susceptibility – Gouy method.

UNIT-III

Reactivity of Metal complexes: Energy profile of a reaction, inert and labile

complexes, substitution reactions in octahedral complexes, acid hydrolysis, factors

affecting acid hydrolysis, base hydrolysis, conjugate base mechanism, anation

reactions, Substitution reactions in square planar complexes, the trans effect.

UNIT-IV

Stability of Metal complexes: Stepwise and overall formation constants and their

interaction,Trends in successive formation constants, factors effecting the stability of

metal complexes with reference to the nature of metal ion and ligand, determination of

stability constants by pH-metry and spectrophotometry.

UNIT-V

Organometallic Chemistry: Introduction, Nomenclature, the 18-electron rule. Structure

and bonding in Metal carbonyls; preparation, bonding, structure and important

reactions of transition metal nitrosyl, dinitrogen and dioxygen complexes.

Text Books

1) Advanced Inorganic Chemistry by F.A.Cotton and R.Wilkinson, VI Edition, Johnwilly

and sons, New York, 2007.

2) Inorganic Chemistry: Principles of Structure and Reactivity by James E. Huheey,

Okhil K. Medhi Ellen A. Keiter, Richard L. Keiter, 2006.

3) Inorganic Chemistry, Gary L. Miessler and D. A. Tarr, 3rd

Edition 2004, Pearson-

Prentice Hall.

4) Inorganic Chemistry by D. Shriver and Peter Atkins, 4th

Edition

5) Inorganic Chemistry: A unified approach by Porterfield and William W. Porterfield,

1999.

6) Inorganic Chemisty by B. Sivasankar, Pearson Edn., 2013

7) Unified Chemistry, vol-3 by O.P. Aggarwal, Jai Prakash Nath Publications, Forty

Third Edition, 2014.

36



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

IV Organic Reactions

and Heterocyclic

Compounds

SPICH 403 4 4 /week

UNIT-I

Aliphatic and Aromatic Substitution Reactions: Nucleophilic : The SN2, SN1, SNi and

SET mechanisms, neighbouring group participation, anchimeric assistance, classical

and non classical carbocations, phenonium ions, norbornyl system, allylic, aliphatic

trigonal and a vinylic carbon, factors effecting substitutions.

Electrophilic: SE1, SE

2 and SE

i Mechanisms.

UNIT-II

Elimination Reactions: The E2, E1 and E1cB mechanisms and their orientation of the

double bond. Reactivity-effects of substrate structure, attacking base, leaving group

and the medium. Stereochemistry of eliminations in acyclic and cyclic systems,

orientation in eliminations – Saytzeff and Hoffman elimination.

UNIT-III

Addition Mechanisms: Addition to carbon multiple bonds- Addition reactions

involving electrophiles, nucleophiles and free radicals, cyclic mechanisms, orientation

and stereochemistry.

UNIT-IV

Chemistry of Heterocyclic compounds

Synthesis and Reactivity of the following systems: Pyrrole, Furan, Thiophene,

Pyridine, Quinoline, Isoquinoline, Indole, benzofuran, benzothiophene

UNIT-V

Synthesis and Reactivity of the following systems:, Pyrazole, Imidazole, Oxazole,

Isoxazole, Thiazole, Isothiazole, purine, pyrimidine Text books:

1. Organic Chemistry Vol. I (Sixth Edn.) and Vol. II (Fifth Ed.,) IL Finar ELBS.

2. Organic Chemistry (fifth Edn.,) Morrison and Boyd, PHI, India.

3. Organic Chemistry (fifth edition) Francis A. Carey Tata Mac Graw Hill publishing

company Limited, New Delhi,

4. Reaction Mechanism in Organic Chemistry Mukherjee Singh, Macmillan, India, 3rd

Ed.

5. A guide book to mechanism in Organic Chemistry by Peter Sykes, ELBS.

Reference Books:

1. Advanced Organic Chemistry Jerry March (3rd

Edn.) Wiley Eastern.

2. Chemistry of Natural Products, K.W.Bentley (Ed.) Stereochemistry of carbon

compounds by E.Eliel. McGraw Hill.

37



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

IV Physical Chemistry-I SPICH 404 4 4 /week

UNIT –I

Chemical Kinetics: Theories of reaction rates- Collision theory, steric factor; Theory of

absolute reaction rates-Reaction coordinate, transition state, thermodynamic

formulation of reaction rates; Reactions in solution- primary and secondary salt effects,

effect of solvent on reaction rate; effect of substituents on reaction rate - Hamett and

Taft equations - Linear Free Energy relations

UNIT –II

Homogeneous catalysis- acid-base catalysis- mechanism of acid-base catalysis -

Enzyme catalysis- Michaelis-Menten kinetics - Heterogeneous catalysis- Langmuir

adsorption isotherm- unimolecular and bimolecular reactions-catalytic poisoning-active

centers.

UNIT –III

Complex reactions- Opposing, parallel and consecutive reactions (all first order type)-

derivation of rate-law, Chain reactions- derivation of rate-laws for H2-Cl2 and H2-Br2

reactions; Fast reactions-study of fast reactions by flow methods and relaxation

methods

UNIT –IV

Thermodynamics: Second law of thermodynamics- concept of entropy-entropy change

in reversible process and irreversible process-entropy of mixing; Concept of partial

molar properties- chemical potential-significance-variation with preassure and

temperature- Gibbs-Duhem equation; Van‘t Hoff reaction isotherm, Claussius-

Claperyon equation

UNIT –V

Third law of thermodynamics- Nernst heat theorem-determination of absolute entropy-

limitations of third law of thermodynamics; Maxwell-Boltzmann, Bose-Einstein and

Fermi-Dirac statistics.

38

Books Suggested

1. Chemical kinetics, Keith James Laidler, Harper & Row, 3rd

edition, 1987

2. Kinetics and Mechanisms of Chemical Transformations,J Rajaram, J C Kuriacose, ,

Macmillan Publishers India Limited, 2000

3. A Textbook of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 2, 3 and 5: K L Kapoor, Macmillan

Publishers India, 2013

4. Thermodynamics: A Core Course, R.C.C. Srivastava, Subit Saha, Abhay K. Jain ,

PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., 2007

Reference Books

1. Physical Chemistry, P.W.Atkins, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1990.

2. Thermodynamics for Chemists, S. Glasstone, Affiliated East West Press, New Delhi

1960



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

IV Inorganic Chemistry

Lab-I

SPICH 411 3 9 /week

a) Volumetric Analysis

i. Determination of Zinc using Potassium ferrocyanide

ii. Determination of Calcium by oxalate method

iii. Determination of Ferric ion by photochemical reduction method

b) Gravimetric Analysis

i. Determination of Calcium as Calcium carbonate

ii. Determination of Barium as Barium sulphate

Books:

1. Vogel‘s Textbook of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis, by A.I. Vogel and John Bassett,

Longman Sc& Tech; 4 edition, 1980.

2. Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Manual by S.R.Sagi, Andhra University press, 2000

http://www.google.co.in/search?tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22Keith+James+Laidler%22&source=gbs_metadata_r&cad=6

http://www.google.co.in/search?tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22J+Rajaram%22&source=gbs_metadata_r&cad=2

http://www.google.co.in/search?tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22J+C+Kuriacose%22&source=gbs_metadata_r&cad=2

http://www.google.co.in/search?tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22R.C.C.+Srivastava+Subit+Saha+Abhay+K.+Jain%22

39



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

IV Physical Chemistry

Lab-I

SPICH 412 3 9 /week

1. Critical solution temperature of phenol -water system

2. Effect of electrolyte (NaCl) on miscibility temperature

3. Determination of cell constant

4. Determination of ionization constant of a acetic acid by conductivity

measurements

5. Conductometric titration of a strong acid with strong base

6. Conductometric titration of a of weak acid with strong base

7. Conductometric titration of a mixture of weak and strong acid with strong base

8. Determination of solubility and solubility product of sparingly soluble salt

conductometrically.

M.Sc. Chemistry (5 year Integrated)


CODE

CREDITS HOURS

V Organic Synthesis and

Reagents

SPICH

501

4 4 /week

UNIT-I

Formation of Carbon-Carbon single bond: alkylations via enolate, Enamine and

related reactions, umplong (dipole inversion), Carbon-Carbon bond formation through

Organo lithium, organo palladium, organonickel and organocopper

reagents.Thiocarbanions, Heck reaction &Suzuki coupling, selenocarbanions and

sulphur ylides.

UNIT-II

Formation of carbon-carbon double bonds: Elimination reactions Pyrolytic, syn

eliminations, sulphoxide-sulphinate rearrangement, Peterson reaction, Wittig reaction,

alkenes form arylsluphonyl-hydrazones, Eschenmoser fragmentation,Olefin metathesis

(Grubbs reaction)

UNIT-III

Organoboranes: Preparation of Organoboranes, hydroboration, disiamyl borane, thexyl

borane, 9-BBN and diisocamphenyl borane, functional group transformations of

Organoboranes-Oxidation, protonolysis and rearrangements. Formation, of carbon -

40

carbon-bonds viz organoboranes carbonylation, the cyanoboration process and reaction

of alkenyl boranes.

Organosilanes: Synthetic applications of trimethylsilyl chloride dimethyl-t-butylsilyl

chloride, trimethylsilyl cyanide, , synthetic applications of- α silyl carbanion and β-silyl

carbonium ions.

UNIT-IV Reduction: Catalytic hydrogenation (homogeneous and heterogeneous) Reduction by

dissolving metals, Reduction by hydride transfer reagents Complex metal hydrides,

Reduction with hydrazine and diamide.

Oxidation: Oxidations of hydrocarbons, alkenes, alcohols aldehydes and ketones

oxidative coupling reactions. Use of Pb (OAC)4, NBS, CrO3, SeO2, MnO2, , KMnO4,

OsO4, Wood ward and Provost hydroxylation

UNIT – V

Design of Organic Synthesis: Retrosynthesis the disconnection approach-basic

principles .Application of disconnection approach for the synthesis of simple organic

compounds.one group C-X(X=heteroatom);C-C disconnection; two groups C-X and C-

C disconnection with reference to 1,1;1,2 and 1,3 difunctionalized compounds.

Textbooks:

1. Some Modern Methods of Organic Synthesis W. Carruthers, Third Edition, Cambridge

University Press, Cambridge, 1988.

2. Organic Synthesis: The disconnection approach, S. Warrant John Wiley & sons, New

York, 1984

3. Principles of Organic Synthesis by R.O.C. Norman, J.M.Coxon, N. Thernes, Black

Academic & Professional

4. Advanced Organic Chemistry Jerry March, John Wiley & Sons, 6th

Ed.

Reference Books:

1. Organic Synthesis viz Boranes, Herbet C. Brown Gray, W. Kramer Alan B. Levy and M.

Mark Midland John Wiely & Sons, New York, 1975.

2. Organic Chemistry By Carry &Sandburg. Volume1 & II Springer

41



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

V Physical

Chemistry-II

SPICH 502 4 4 /week

UNIT-I

Electrochemistry-I: Electrochemical cells-measurement of EMF-Nernst equation-effect

of complexation on electrode potential; Polarization-Decomposition potential and

overvoltage- Factors affecting overvoltage- Importance of over oltage; Activity and

activity coefficients- determination of mean ionic activity coefficient by EMF method;

Debye-Huckel limiting law (DHLL) and its verification, Extended Debye-Huckel law;

Debye-Huckel-Onsagar equation(derivation not required)-verification and its

limitations

UNIT-II

Electrochemistry-II: Batteries-primary and secondary cells – lechlanche cell, lead acid

storage battery, Nickel-Cadmium cell; Fuel cells-Oxygen-hydrogen fuel cell;

Corrosion- theories of dry and wet corrosion-different forms of corrosion- prevention

and control of corrosion - cathodic protection-sacrificial anodic and impressed current

methods- protective coatings-galvanising and tinning

UNIT-III

Photochemistry: Photophysical and photochemical processes- Jablonski diagram—

radiative and radiationless transitions-internal conversion and inter system crossing-

fluorescence and phosphorescence- Quantum yield and determination-photochemical

reactions with high and low quantum yields with examples; Quenching - Derivation of

Stern-Volmer equation ; Measurement of emission characteristics: fluorescence,

phosphorescence and chemiluminiscence.

UNIT-IV

Surface Chemistry: Micelles-Surface active agents- classification- critical micellar

concentration (CMC)- factors affecting the CMC of surfactants- determination of cmc;

Solubilisation-factors influencing the solubilisation; Micellization -thermodynamics of

micellization- micro emulsions- applications; reverse micelles.

UNIT-V

Polymer Chemistry: Basic concepts- monomers, repeat units, degree of polymerization,

linear, branched and network polymers, classification of polymers; Polymerization-

Free radical, ionic and co-ordination polymerization; Kinetics of condensation (step-

42

growth), free-radical and ionic polymerizations; Number and mass average molecular

weights (Mn, Mw) ; Determination of molecular masses – Osmometry and viscometry

Books Suggested

1. A Textbook of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 3: K L Kapoor, Macmillan Publishers India,

3rd

edition, 2013

2. Photochemistry – J. G. Calverts and J. N. Pitts, John-Wiley & Sons, New York,

1967

3. Fundamentals of Photochemistry by K.K. Rohatgi and Mukharjee, Wiley

Eastern ltd.,New Delhi

4. Micellar Catalysis (Surfactant Science series vol.133), Mohammad Niyaz

Khan.Taylor and Francis, 2007

5. Micelles, Theoretical and applied aspects., V. Moroi, Plenum press, New York,

1992

6. Textbook of Polymer Science Fred W. Billmeyer, , Wiley, 3rd Edition, 1984

7. Physical Chemistry of Macromolecules, D. D. Deshpande, Vishal Pub., 1985

Reference Books

1. Physical Chemistry, P.W.Atkins, , Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1990.

2. Introduction to Electrochemistry,S.Glasstone, Affiliated East west Press, New

Delhi 1960

3. Electrochemistry,J.O.M. Bockris and A.K.N. Reddy, Vols. 1 and 2,

Plenum, New York, 1977


SEMEST

ER

PAPER TITLE COURSE

CODE

CRED

ITS

HOUR

S

V Instrumental Methods of

Analysis

SPICH 503 4 4

/week

UNIT- I

UV-Visible Spectroscopy: single and double beam spectrophotometers-

instrumentation-block diagram, sources of radiation, monochromators and detectors.

,applications in the quantitative determination of cations (Fe2+

, Ni2+

, Cr6+

and Pb2+

) and

anions ( PO43-,

NO3-

and NO2-

) photometric errors, spectrophotometric titrations-

Principle and general applications.

http://as.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-302477.html?query=Fred+W.+Billmeyer

43

UNIT- II

Spectrofluorimetry: Theory of fluorescence, phosphorescence, instrumentation,

application with reference to Al3+

, thiamine (B1) and riboflavin (B2).

Nephelometry: Principles , instrumentation and Applications: determination of

sulphate.

UNIT-III

Radio Chemical Methods Of Analysis: Detection and measurement of radioactivity,

introduction to radioactive tracers. Applications of tracer technique: isotope dilution

analysis - applications, activation analysis - applications, advantages and

disadvantages. Radio Carbon dating technique

UNIT-IV

Voltametry: Polarographic Analysis: Principle of polarography residual current,

migration current, diffusion current, half-wave potential, Ilkovic equation,

instrumentation, dropping mercury electrode (DME), advantages and disadvantages of

DME, qualitative and quantitative analysis of inorganic ions - Cu, Pb Cd and Zn.

Anode Stripping Voltametry: Principle, instrumentation, hanging drop mercury

electrode, application in the determination of lead.

UNIT- V

Absorption Spectroscopy

Flame photometry: Theory, instrumentation, detectors and analysis of Na, K, Ca, and

Mg.

Atomic Absorption Spectrometer: Theory, instrumentation, chemical and spectral

interferences, Applications: Determination of magnesium, calcium in waste water.

Flameless technique-determination of mercury.

Textbooks:

1. Instrumental methods of analysis - H.H. Willard, Meritt Jr. and J.A. Dean,Van Nostrand

Co., 7th

ed. 1989

2. Principles of instrumental analysis – Skoog, West and Nieman,Thomson Brooks Cole,6th

ed.2007

3. Vogels textbook of Quantitative Inorganic analysis - J. Basset, R.C. Denney, G.H. Jefferey

and J. Mandham ,6th

edition, Prentice Hall 6th

ed. 2000

4. Industrial methods of analysis - B.K.Sharma, Goel Publishing House, Meerut,1997

5. Instrumental methods of chemical analysis - Chatwal and Anand, Himalaya Publishers,

1979

Reference Books:

1. Instrumental methods of Analysis – Galen W Ewing, Mcgraw Hill,1st ed.1997

2. Instrumental methods of analysis, Frank Settle, Pearson Education, 7th

ed. 2004

44



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

V Organic

Stereochemistry and

Reaction Mechanism

SPICH 504 4 4 /week

UNIT- I

Stereochemistry and Stereoisomerism I: Conformational isomerism and analysis in

acyclic and simple cyclic systems - substituted ethanes, cyclopentane, cyclohexane

cycloheptane, cyclo octane and decalins, optical isomerism - optical activity -

molecular dissymmetry and chirality (Chiral centre, chiral axis, chiral plane) elements

of symmetry. Fisher's projection D,L. and R,S. configurations - relative and absolute

configurations optical isomerism due to asymmetric carbon atoms - optical isomerism

in biphenyls, allenes and spirans.

UNIT- II

Stereochemistry and Stereoisomerism II:

Optical isomerism of nitrogenous compounds racemisation and resolution -

geometrical isomerism and E,Z configurations, properties of geometrical isomers.

Recognition of symmetry elements and chiral structures, R-S-nomenclature, diastereo

isomerism in acylic and cyclic systems inter conversions of Fisher, Newman and Saw-

horse projections.

UNIT- III

Basic concepts of some named and unnamed reactions: Aldol, Perkin, Benzoin,

Stobbe, Cannizaro, Wittig, Grignard, Reformatsky Reactions. Openauer oxidation,

Clemmensen reduction, Meerwein - Pondorf Verley and Birch reductions; Stork-

Enamine reactions.

UNIT- IV

Michael addition, Mannich Reaction, Diels - Alder reaction, Ene-reaction, Bayer -

Villiger Reaction, Wolf-Kishner, reduction, Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation,

Favorskii reaction, Chichibabin reaction. Vielsmayer reaction, Friedel – Crafts

reactions, Robinson annulation.

UNIT- V

Rearrangements: Classification and general mechanistic treatment of nucleophilic,

free radical and electrophilic rearrangements, Wagner – Meerwein and related

reactions, Tiffeneav-Demjanov rearrangement, Neber, Hofmann, Stevens and Wittig

rearrangements

45

Textbooks:

1. Organic Chemistry, Vol. I (Sixth Edn), and Vol. II (Fifth Ed.), by I.L.Finar, ELBS.

2. Organic Chemistry (Fifth Edn.)by Morrison and Boyd, PHI, India.l

3. Organic Chemistry S M Mukherje, S.PSingh, R.P Kapoor, New Age International

Publication, 2012.

4. Reaction Mechanism in Organic Chemistry S M Mukherji, S.P. Singh, Macmillan

India, 1984.

5. A guide book to mechanism in Organic Chemistry by Peter Sykes, ELBNS.

Reference Books:

1. Advanced Organic Chemistry by Jerry March (3rd

Edn.) Wiley Eastern.

2. Stereochemistry of carbon compounds by E.Eliel. McGraw Hill.



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

V Organic Chemistry

Lab-I

SPICH 511 3 9 /week

Organic Laboratory Techniques, Synthesis of four Organic Compounds involving 2

stages.

Preparation of p-nitroacetanilide from aniline

Preparation of p-bromoaniline from acetanilide

Preparation of benzinilide from Benzophenone

Preparation of Coumarin

Systematic analysis of three organic compounds containing one or two functional

groups

46



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

V Physical Chemistry

Lab-II

SPICH 512 3 9 /week

1. Equilibrium constant of KI + I2 ↔ KI3 by distribution method. Determination

of the concentration of given KI solution.

2. Determination of strength of HCl by a Potentiometric titration using NaOH

3. Potentiometric titration of redox system (ferrous ammonium sulfate with

K2Cr2O7)

4. Determination of composition of cuprammonium cation

5. Determination of strength of strong acid using pH meter.

6. Determination of strength of weak acid using pH meter.

7. Spectrophotometric determination of pKa of weak acid

8. Determination of the validity of Lambert-Beer‘s law for KMnO4 / K2Cr2O7

solution and determination of the concentration of the given solution



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

VI Inorganic

Chemistry-II

SPICH 601 4 4 /week

UNIT-I

Electronic spectra of Transition metal complexes: Term symbols - Russell – Sunders

coupling - derivation of term symbols for various configurations. Spectroscopic

ground states, selection rules, correlation diagrams - Orgel and Tanabe-Sugano

diagrams for transition metal complexes (d1 and d

2 states).

UNIT-II

Mechanisms of Inorganic Reactions: Oxidation-reduction reactions, classification of

redox reactions, mechanism of one electron transfer reactions, Inner sphere redox

reactions, the bridged ligand in inner-sphere redox reactions, outer sphere redox

reactions.

47

UNIT-III

Chemistry of Nanomaterials: Classification – zero, one and two dimentional

nanomaterials. Synthesis and biomedical applications of gold, silver and iron oxide

nanoparticles. Introduction to fullerenes and carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs, MWCNTs).

Synthesis, properties and applications of CNTs.

UNIT-IV

Bioinorganic Chemistry: Metal ions in Biology, Molecular mechanism of ion transport

across membranes; ionophores. Photosynthesis, Oxygen uptake proteins – Hemoglobin

and Myoglobin, Electron transport proteins - Cytochromes and Ferrodoxins.

UNIT-V

Inorganic Medicinal Compounds: Therapeutic compounds, Superoxide dismutage

mimics, Vanadium based diabetes durgs –VOSO4, Organovanadium complexes such as

bis(maltolato)oxovanadium, VO(acac)2, VO(MC-acac)2, VO(Et-acac)2, [bpV(Phen)]- ;

platinum containing anticancer agents.Diagnostic agents, Technetium Imaging agents,

Gadolinium as Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) contrasting agents, Magnetic

nanoparticles as MRI contrasting agents.

Text Books 1. Mechanisms of Inorganic Reactions in solution by D.Benson, McGraw Hill, London,

l968.

2. Kinetics and Mechanisms of reactions of Transition metal complexes by Ralph G.

Wilkins, Wieley-VCH, Verlog GmbH & Co., 2002

3. Bioinorganic Chemistry by L. Bertini, H.B. Gray, J.S. Valentine, Uni. Science Books,

1994.

4. Bioinorganic Chemistry: A short course by Rosette M. Roat-Malone, John-Wiley Sons.

Inc., 2002.

5. Synthesis of Inorganic Materials by Ulrich Schubert and Nicola Husing, Wiley-VCH,

2000

6. Textbook of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology by B.S. Murthy, Universities Press, 2012

7. ‗Nanochemistry: A chemical approach to Nanomaterials‘, Ozin Geoffrey A. and Andre C.

Arsenault, Royal Society of Chemistry Publication, 2005.

48



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

VI Pericyclic Reactions

and Photochemistry

SPICH 602 4 4 /week

UNIT-I

Radical substitution Mechanism: Reaction at Sp3

carbon: Reactivity in alphatic

substrates reactivity at bridged position, reactivity at Sp2 carbon. Reactivity in aromatic

substrates, neighbouring group assistance in free radical reactions, effect of reactivity

in the attacking radical, effect of solvent on reactivity, halogenation at an alkyl carbon

and allylic carbon, hydroxylation at aromatic carbon by means of Fenton‘s reagent,

oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids, formation of cyclic ethers with Pb(OAC)4,

Reed reaction, Kolbe reaction and Hunsdiecker reaction.

UNIT- II

Pericyclic Reactions: Molecular orbital symmetry, frontier orbitals of ethylene, 1,3

Butadiene, 1,3,5-Hexatriene, allyl system, classification of pericyclic reactions FMO

approach, Woodward- Hoffman correlation diagram method and perturbation of

molecular orbital (PMO) approach for the explanation of pericyclic reactions under

thermal and photo chemical conditions.

UNIT- III

Electrocyclic Reactions: Conrotatory and Disrotatory motions (4n) and (4n+2), allyl

systems and secondary effects.

Cycloadditions: Antarafacial and suprafacial additions, notation of cycloadditions, (4n)

and (4n+2) systems with a greater emphasis on (2+2) and (4+2) – cycloadditions and

chelotropic reactions.

Sigmatropic Rearrangements:

FMO approach, and perturbation of molecular orbital (PMO) approach for the

explanation of sigma tropic rearrangements under thermal and photochemical

conditions, suprafacial and antarafacial Sigmatropic shifts of H and carbon moieties,

retention and inversion of configurations,(1,3) (3.3) and (5.5) sigmatropic

rearrangements detailed treatment of Claisen(Ireland-Claisen,Overman-

Claisen,Jhonson-Claisen) and Cope rearrangements fluxional tautomerism, aza-Cope

rearrangement

UNIT- IV

Organic Photochemistry: Photochemical energy Franck - Condon Principle, Jablonski

diagram singlet and triplet states, dissipation of photochemical energy,

photosensitization, quenching, quantum efficiency and quantum yield, experimental

49

methods of photochemistry. Photochemistry of carbonyl compounds n-* and -*

transitions Norrish type I and Norrish type II cleavages, Patterno-Buchi reaction.

Photochemistry of enone – Hydrogen abstraction, rearrangement of - unsaturated

ketones and cyclohexadienones.

UNIT – V Photochemistry of unsaturated systems:Olefins, cis trans Isomerisation and

dimerisation, Photochemistry of 1,3 butadienes, Di-π-methane rearrangement. Photo

oxidations and photo reductions. Photochemistry of aromatic compounds – Excited state of benzene , Photo Fries

rearrangements, PhotoFries rearrangement of anilides, photosubstitution reactions of

benzene derivatives.1,2; 1,3 and 1,4 alkylshifts

Reactions of unactivated carbon-hydrogen bonds: The Hoffmann Loffler- Freytag and

Barton reaction.

Text books:

1. Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions Mechanisms and Structure Jerry March, John

Wiley & Sons, 2007.

2. Reaction Mechanism in Organic Chemistry S M Mukherji, S.P. Singh, Macmillan India,

1984

3. Molecular reactions and Photochemistry Charles Dupey and O. Chapman, Prentice Hall

4. Photochemistry and Pericyclic Reaction ,Jagdamba Singh and Jaya Singh,New age

Science

Reference Books:

1. Mechanisms and Theory in Organic Chemistry T.H. Lowery and K.S. Rich gardson.

2. The modern structural theory in Organic Chemistry L.N.Ferguson, Pretice Hall

3. Physical Organic Chemistry by jack Hine, Mc. Graw Hill

4. Advanced Organic Chemistry, F.A.Carey and R-J Sunderg, Springer

5. Structure and Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, C.K.Ingold, Cornell University Press

6. Principles of Organic Synthesis, R.O.C.Norman and J.M.Coxon, Blakie Academic &

Professional

50



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

VI Quantum Chemistry SPICH 603 4 4 /week

UNIT-I

Quantum Chemistry: Wave equation-interpretation of wave function-properties of

wave function-normalization and orthogonalisation, operators-linear and non linear

commutators of operators. Postulates of quantum mechanics, setting up of operators

observables- Hermitian operator – particle in one dimensional box

UNIT-II

particle in a three dimensional box, rigid rotor, wave mechanics of systems with

variable potential energy- simple harmonic oscillator- solution of wave equation-

selection rules.

UNIT-III

Perturbation theory- application to ground state energy of Helium atom; Variation

principle-applications- calculation of zero point energy of harmonic oscillator. Many

electron atom-Hatee-Fock Self consistent field method (qualitative treatment only).

UNIT-IV

Born-Oppenheimer approximation- Hydrogen molecule ion, LCAO-MO and VB

treatments of the hydrogen molecule (fundamental concepts only); electron density,

forces and their role in chemical bonding. Hybridization and valence MOs of H2O, NH3

and CH4.

UNIT-V

Symmetry and Group Theory in Chemistry: Symmetry elements and symmetry

operations and point groups, Schoenflles symbols, classification of molecules into point

groups, Axioms of group theory, group multiplication tables for C2v and C3v point

groups, representations-reducible and irreducible representations, Mulliken symbols-

Character table and its anatomy.

Books Suggested

1. Introduction to Quantum Chemistry, A.K. Chandra, Tata McGraw Hill, 4th

edition

(1994)

2. Quantum Chemistry, I.N. Levine, Pearson Educ. Inc., New Delhi, 5th

edition 2000

3.Quantum Chemistry, D.A. McQuarrie, University Science Books, Mill Valley,

California, 1983

4.Symmetry and Spectroscopy of Molecules, K.Veera Reddy, New Age, 1988.

5.Chemical Application of Group Theory, F.A. Cotton, John Wiley and Sons Inc.

New York,1971

Reference Books

1. R.K.Prasad, Quantum Chemistry, Wiley Eastern, New Delhi,1992.

51



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

VI Advanced

Instrumentation

SPICH

604

4 4 /week

UNIT-I

Thermal methods of analysis: Thermo gravimetric-theory, instrumentation, applications

: purity and thermal stability, evaluation of correctdrying temperature

Differential thermal analysis-principle, instrumentation, difference between TGA and

DTA, , applications:Analysis of physical mixtures and thermal behaviors study.

Determination of melting point, boiling point and decomposition point.

UNIT-II

X-ray Fluorescence method:- Principals-Characteristics x-ray emission.Instrumentation

x-ray tube, Radioactive sources. Wavelength dispersive instruments. Energy dispersive

instruments. General Applications- general qualitative and quantitative analysis.

UNIT- III

X-ray diffraction: diffraction of X-rays by crystals; Bragg‘s law; determination of

crystal Structure : Instrumentation, determination of lattice parameters.

UNIT- IV

OES (Optical Emission Spectroscopy): Principle, types of excitation sources,

Instrumentation of ICP- OES : different components of ICP- OES instrument,

interferences, Types of ICP – OES instrument, general applications of ICP-OES.

ICP-MS: Theory, instrumentation and general applications

UNIT-V

Particle size analysis-introduction: concepts of particle size, size distribution, mean

size of particulate system, methods of particle size analysis (sieving, microscopic

method, sedimentation methods, electrical sensing zone method, optical sensing zone

and light diffraction method). Low-angle laser light scattering and Dynamic light

scattering-principles, instrumentation and applications.

2. Instrumental methods of analysis - H.H. Willard, Meritt Jr. and J.A. Dean,Van Nostrand

Co., 7th

ed. 1989

3. Principles of instrumental analysis – Skoog, West and Nieman,Thomson Brooks Cole,6th

ed.2007

4. Vogels textbook of Quantitative Inorganic analysis - J. Basset, R.C. Denney, G.H.

Jefferey and J. Mandham ,6th

edition, Prentice Hall 6th

ed. 2000

52

5. Industrial methods of analysis - B.K.Sharma, Goel Publishing House, Meerut,1997

6. .Instrumental methods of chemical analysis - Chatwal and Anand, Himalaya Publishers,

1979

Reference Books:

1. Instrumental methods of Analysis – Galen W Ewing, Mcgraw Hill,1st ed.1997

2. Instrumental methods of analysis, Frank Settle, Pearson Education, 7th

ed. 2004



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

VI Inorganic Chemistry

Lab-II

611 3 9 /week

a) Complexometric Titrations

i. Determination of Zinc using EDTA

ii. Determination of Magnesium using EDTA

iii.Determination of Nickel using EDTA by back titration method

iv Determination of Calcium and Magnesium using EDTA

b) Synthesis of Inorganic Complexes

i. Tetraamine Copper (II) Sulphate

ii. Potassium tris(oxalato) ferrate (III) hydrate

iii. Tris(thiourea) copper(I) sulphate

iv. Potassium tris(oxalate) aluminate (III)

c) Demonstration experiments Characterization of above complexes using FT-IR and Powder X-ray diffraction

Methods.

Books:

1. Vogel‘s Textbook of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis, by A.I. Vogel and John Bassett,

Longman Sc& Tech; 4 edition, 1980.

2. Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Manual by S.R.Sagi, Andhra University press, 2000.

53



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

VI Organic Chemistry

Lab-II

SPICH 612 3 9 /week

Organic Qualitative Analysis:

Chemical separation of four organic binary mixture and systematic qualitative analysis

of the Organic compounds

Spectroscopic analysis of organic compounds: Identification of functioal groupsby

making use of I.R and U.V spectroscopy. Interpretationon of given NMRspectra and

identification of the given organic compound

M.Sc. Chemistry (5 year Integrated)


CODE

CREDITS HOURS

VII Chemistry of Natural

Products

SPICH 701 4 4 /week

Study of isolation, structure,synthesis and biological properties of the following classes

of natural products.

UNIT-I

Microbial metabolites and shikimates : Pencillin G, Cephalosphorin-C, Prostaglandin

15 (R) PGA2 Podophylotoxin and Etoposide.

UNIT-II

Terpenoids: α- Terpeneol, Camphor, Forskolin, Taxol and Santonin

UNIT - III

Steroids: Cholesterol, Progesterone, Testosterone and Esterone

UNIT -IV

Alkaloids: Atropine, Nicotine, Morphine, Reserpine and Camptothecin

UNIT -V

Nucleic acids: Basic concepts of the structures of RNA and DNA and their hydrolysis

products: nucleotides, nucleosides and heterocyclic bases.

54

Text Books:

1. Organic Chemistry, Volume 2, Stereochemistry and chemistry of Natural products, I.L.

Finar, 5th

Edition, ELBS, 1975.

2. Chemistry of Natural Products: A Unified Approach, N.R. Krishnaswamy, University

Press (India) Ltd., Orient Longman Limited, Hyderabad, 1999. (Overall and for certain

aspects of morphine, reserpine)

3. Introduction to Organic Chemistry, A Streitweiser, CH Heathcock and E.M/ Kosover IV

Eeition, Mc.Milan, 1992.



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

VII Organic

Spectroscopy

SPICH 702 4 4 /week

UNIT-I

Infrared spectroscopy, Units of frequency wave length and wave number, molecular

vibrations, factors influencing vibrational frequencies, the IR spectrometer, sampling

techniques, characteristic frequencies of organic molecules and interpretation of

spectra.

UNIT-II

Ultraviolet spectroscopy: Introduction, the absorption laws, measurement of the

spectrum, chromophores, standard works of reference, definitions, applications of UV

spectroscopy to Conjugated dienes, trienes, unsaturated carbonyl compounds and

aromatic compounds. Phenomena of ORD and CD

UNIT-III

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (Proton and Carbon –13 NMR) and the

measurement of spectra: the chemical shift: the intensity of NMR signals and

integration factors affecting the chemical shifts: spin-spin coupling to 13C IH-IH first

order coupling: some simple IH-IH splitting patterns: the magnitude of IH-IH coupling

constants.

UNIT-IV

Improving the NMR spectrum: the mean, pulse experiment, new techniques in FT

NMR spectroscopy: The separation of chemical shifts and coupling on to different axes

(2D-NMR), spin decoupling, the Nuclear Over Hauser Effect

55

UNIT-V

Mass spectroscopy: Basic Principles: instrumentation: the mass spectrometer, isotope

abundances; the molecular ion, metastable ions, fragmentation processes;

fragmentation associated with functional groups; rearrangement and mass spectra of

some chemical classes.

Text books:

1. Spectroscopic Methods in Organic Chemistry. Forth Edition D.M. Williams and I. Fleming

Tata – Mc.Graw Hill, New Delhi, 1990.

2. Organic Spectroscopy, Second Edition, W.Kemp, ELBS Macmillan, 1987

3.Organic Spectrocopy,Jagmohan,Narosa Publication, 2nd

Ed.

4. Introduction to Spectroscopy,D.Pavia,G Lampman,G Kriz, J Vyvyan, Thomson,

Brooks/Cole

5.Elementary Organic Spectroscopy, Y.R.Sharma, S.Chand Publication

Reference Books:

1. Applications of absorption spectroscopy of Organic Compounds J.R.Dyer, Prentice Hall

of India, New Delhi, 1984.

2. Spectrometric identification of Organic Compounds, Fourth Edition, R.M. Silverstein;

C.Vasslellr and T.C. Merill, Johne Willey, S



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

VII Quality Assurance &

Regulatory Affairs

SPICH 703 4 4 /week

UNIT- I

Quality assurance in pharamaceutical industry- Introduction ,Elements of quality,

Quality control, quality assurance, Customer requirement of quality, quality policy.

Quality assurance in design, development, Statistical process control, statistical quality

control and quality process model

UNIT-II

Quality system and quality management system-general requirements,management

responsibility, documentatiuon requirements, quality objectives ISO standards concept:

ISO9000, ISO14000 and its requirements.

UNIT-III

Good laboratory practice (GLP) – Introduction, history of GLP, Principles of good

manufacturing practice, basic issues of GLP, GLP status in India

56

UNIT-IV

Validation of analytical method- methodology, -limit of detection, limit of

quantification, range, sensitivity, Selectivity and specificity, quality control-principles

of Ruggedness/Robustness,

Outlines of analytical method development,validation - HPLC for pharmaceutical

dosage forms and bulk drugs and GC-MS for residual solvents.

UNIT-V

General idea regarding pharmaceutical industry.- Introduction, Definition and

classification of drugs, Quality of drugs, Sources of impurities in pharmaceutical

chemicals and raw materials. Impurity profiling, classification of impurities, dissolution

techniques of drugs, Significance of stability studies, types of stability studies, Basic

concept of ICH guidelines for impurity profiling and stability studies.

Textbooks:

1. Quality Assurance and Quality Management in Pharmaceutical Industry, by Prof. Y.

Anjaneyulu, R.Marayya ,Pharma Book syndicate,2002.

2 Analytical Chemistry Gary D Christian, John Wiley and Sons inc, 2003.

Reference Books:

1. D.A. Skoog, D.M. West F.J. Holler and S R. Crouch, Fundamentals of Analytical

Chemistry, An Introduction, Sanders College Publishing, New York, 2004

2. K.V.S.G. Murali Krishna, An introduction ISO 9000, ISO 1400 Series, Environmental

Management

3. Analytical Method Development and Validation, Michael Swartz, CRC press.1997



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

VII Separation Methods

of Analysis

SPICH 704 4 4 /week

UNIT-I

Solvent Extraction:

Principle of solvent extraction, Distribution Law, different types of solvent extraction

systems - Batch extraction. Continuous extraction, Counter current extraction, solvent

extraction systems -ion association complexes and metal Chelates. Basic principle of

solid phase extraction, supercritical fluid extraction and soxlet extraction.

57

UNIT-II

Chromatography: Principles of chromatography: Classification of different

chromatographic methods, adsorption and partition isotherms, column capacity,

retardation factor, retention time and retention volume. methods of development-

Gradient elution, displacement development, frontal analysis, Peak symmetry and Peak

broadening; plate theory and rate theory.

Planar chromatography: Thin layer chromatography: Principle, chromatographic

media-coating materials, activation of adsorbent, development of chromato plate and

visualization methods and general applications. Basic idea of HPTLC - Principle and

technique.

UNIT-III

Gas liquid chromatography: Theory, Instrument : columns (packed and capillary col-

umns), detector : thermal conductivity detector, flame ionization detector, electron

capture detector, nitrogen-phosphorus detector, photo ionization detector, programmed

temperature gas chromatography and applications in environmental analysis.

High performance liquid chromatography: Theory, Instrument description of the

different parts of the equipment, detectors-UV detector, refractrometric detector,

Fluorescence detector, Diode Array detector, applications in pharmaceutical analysis.

UNIT-IV

Basic idea of different modes of HPLC:Principle and technique of Gel Exclusion

chromatography, Affinity Chromatography, Ion exchange Chromatography and Ion

Chromatography.

Capillary Electrophoresis: Principle, Factors Affecting Ionic Migration. Effect of

Temperature. pH and Ionic Strength. Electro-osmosis, supporting medium.

Instrumentation, modes : polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, capillary zone

electrophoresis, micellar electrokinetic electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis and

Isoelectric focusing and applications of capillary electrophoresis

UNIT-V

Elementary Idea of Hyphenated Techniques: Types of interfaces used in hyphenation

of the technique and generalapplications of the following : LC –MS, GC -MS, CE-MS

Textbooks:

1. Separation methods, M.N. Sastri, Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai,2005

2. Chemical separation methods, John A Dean, Von Nostrand Reinhold, New

York,1969

3. Analytical Chemistry – S.Usha Rani, Macmillan India Limited,2008

4. Principles and practice of Analytical Chemistry-F.W.Fifield and D.Kealey,

58

Blackwell Science,4th

ed.2004

5. Separation Chemistry- R.P.Buddhiraja, New age international (P) Ltd.,2007

Reference Books:

1. Chromatography concepts and contrasts – J.M.Miller, John Wiley & Sons,2005

2. Techniques and practice of Chromatography, R.P.W. Scott, CRC press,1995.



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

VII Organic Synthesis

Lab

SPICH 711 3 9 /week

Multistage Organic Synthesis: Synthesis and purification of about four organic

compounds involving three or more stages.

1. Preparation of o-chlorobenzalnilide from nitrobenzene

2. Prepaeation of o-chlorobenzoic acid from pthalimide

3. Preparation of paracetamol from nitro benzene

4. Preparation of 2,4,5-trimethoxy benzaldehyde from hydroquinone

Separation and purification of the above synthesized compounds by making use of

Thin Layer Chromatography and Column Chromatography.



CODE

CREDITS HOURS

VII Analytical Chemistry

Lab

SPICH 712 3 9 /week

Classical methods of analysis

1. Determination of purity of ammonium chloride.

2. Precipitation titration of chloride by mohrs method.

3. Redox titration of ascorbic acid with sodium thio sulphate

4. Gravimetric determination of sulphates

Instrumental methods of analysis

1. Determination of V(V) with Fe(II) using potentiometric titration

2. Determination Mn (VII) with Fe(II) using potentiometric titration

3. Determination of Mn(VII) and V(V) with Fe(II) using potentiometric titration

4. Determination of Fe(II) with 1-10 phenonthroline by visible spectrophotometer

5. Determination of nitrite using NEDA by visible spectrophotometer

gitam university...1 gitam university (declared as deemed to be university u/s 3 of ugc act, 1956)...

Documents