gis day 2015 - new light technologies, inc
TRANSCRIPT
Presented byWednesday, November 18, 2015
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GIS is:GIS is:
Plus a Map
A database
A Database: A Map:
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Most DatabasesContain spatial data
• Addresses• Map Coordinates (Latitude, Longitude)
Spatial Data at the School Student Addresses - Where do
students live? What countries are students from? What is the best route to school?
Many Uses for GIS
Uses of GIS• Transportation – road networks, planning, routing• Natural Resources – animal tracking, habitat analysis• Geology & Geophysics – geologic mapping, earthquake, volcano, other
hazards mapping, mining, oil and gas exploration• Environment – land use, water quality modeling• City Planning – road work planning, utility line routing• Fire and police emergency response, communication, routing• Business – where to locate stores, where are customers• Military – targeting, best route, terrain analysis• Disaster Planning and Response – identify flood zones, damaged
buildings• Tourism – National Park maps, city maps, Metro map, etc.• Epidemiology/Public Health – patterns in disease outbreaks
Uses of GIS• Agriculture• Archaeology• Architecture and Landscape Architecture• Defense• Engineering• Journalism• Meteorology• Oceanography• Law Enforcement• Urban/Regional Planning• And much more
Geographic Analysis
∗ Helps answer questions such as:∗ Where is it?∗ What else is nearby?∗ Where is the highest concentration of ‘X’?∗ Where can I find things with characteristic ‘Y’?∗ Where is the closest ‘Z’ to my location?∗ How are different types of features related spatially
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Early Example: London cholera epidemic 1854
Cholera deathCholera death
Water pumpWater pump
SohoSoho
+GIS analysis showed
that the disease outbreak was clustered around a specific water
supply pump.
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∗ Roads∗ Streams∗ Land Surface Elevation∗ Land Use ∗ Parcels∗ Buildings ∗ Utilities - electric, gas, water, and sewer lines∗ Events – crime, fire
Each Feature type is represented as a single layer in a map.
Map Features
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Features are Represented as Points, Lines, and Polygons
Points - simplest element
Lines - set of connected points
Polygons - set of connected points that closes on itself.
We use these three spatial elements to represent real world features and attach locational information to them.
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Overlaying Data Layers
∗ In a GIS, each layer represents one type of data.
∗ The layers are overlain on top of each other and are geographically aligned.
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Five Data Layers “Alike” Features
StatesRoads
CapitalsRivers
Lakes 16
Features and Attributes
Data or information associated with a map
feature are called ATTRIBUTES.
The values in the Identify box at right are attributes of
the selected point.
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Spatial Analysis
∗ Simple Searches∗ Select features by attributes∗ Select features by location
∗ Buffering∗ Proximity Analysis∗ Network Analysis∗ Surface Analysis∗ Line of Site∗ 3D Visualization
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Examples of GIS
Cross Country Movement
CCM (Cross Country Movement) Analysis allows the user to model the cost (e.g. time) it would take for a given object to travel from point A to Point B given the difficulty of the terrain.
For example, if a tank had to travel from point A to point B and you knew how fast it could travel on certain road types, soil types, and slopes, you could model the travel cost.
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3D Mine with Well Data
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Environmental MonitoringToxic Plume
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Site Location and Client Distance
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Gold Mines in Virginia
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Yellowstone Trip
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Fun Stuff
http://storymaps.esri.com/stories/2012/treasure-hunt-cities/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lziO1Ze7PuQ
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Careers in GIS
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Acknowledgements∗ Esri∗ Google∗ Prof. Sumanta Das, Dept. of Civil Eng., MEFGI, Rajkot∗ SlideShare∗ University of Nebraska at Kearney∗ The University of Texas at Dallas∗ University of Wisconsin – Stevens Point∗ Naval Post Graduate School
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Thank You!
1100 H Street NW, Suite 700Historic Gas Light BuildingWashington, DC 20005
Website: http://www.newlighttechnologies.com/
Gus ViteriCTO, Carlos Rosario School
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