giao_trinh_ship1_8729.pdf

CTY CP K THUT V CNG NGH TU THY - VINASHIN ENGINEERING

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Mc lc I- Gii thiu chung v ShipConstructor ...........................................................................................4 II- Phng dng v v sn bng ShipCAM ......................................................................................4

II.1- Chnh trn (Fairing). .............................................................................................................6 II.1.1- Cc khi nim chung v ng spline..........................................................................6 II.1.2- Cng vic phng dng v ca nh my........................................................................9 II.1.3- Dng cc lnh trong ShipCAM ..................................................................................11 II.1.4- n phng dng (Projects) ......................................................................................11 II.1.5- M file sn thit k ..................................................................................................13 II.1.6- Cc thanh cng c (Toolbars) ....................................................................................14 II.1.7- Cc hng nhn (Views) ............................................................................................15 II.1.8- Hin th nhiu hng nhn ng thi .........................................................................16 II.1.9- B ch nhiu hng nhn.......................................................................................18 II.1.10- Thay i mu .........................................................................................................18 II.1.11- Chnh trn sn (Fairing a Station) .......................................................................18 II.1.12- Cc sn c im gy gc v c on thng .........................................................19 II.1.13- nh gi trn (Checking Fairness). ..................................................................21 II.1.14- Chnh trn cc ng dc (Longitudinal Fairing) .................................................21 II.1.15- Son tho file v tr ng hnh (Location File) ....................................................26

II.2- To mt cong v bng LoftSpace........................................................................................29 II.2.1- Mt s im c bn ca LoftSpace ............................................................................29 II.2.2- To mt (Surface Generation) ....................................................................................31 II.2.3- Mt Cross Spline ........................................................................................................32 II.2.4- Mt kh trin (Developable Surface) .........................................................................34 II.2.5- Giao ct gia cc mt .................................................................................................37 II.2.6- Ct mt mt (Trimming a Surface) ............................................................................38 II.2.7- To mt boong............................................................................................................40 II.2.8- Mt cong ln chuyn tip gia hai mt ....................................................................41

II.3- Phng dng sn (Frame Lofting) ......................................................................................43 II.3.1- M u .......................................................................................................................43 II.3.2- To cc ng hnh thc (Cutting Sections) ..............................................................43 II.3.3- Ly du sn v to cc rnh khot (Producing Frame Marks and Inserting Cutouts)46

II.4- Khai trin tn v (Expanding Plates) ..................................................................................51 II.4.1- Khai trin tm tn gn sn gia. ..............................................................................52 II.4.2- Cc ty chn chung khi khai trin tn........................................................................55 II.4.3- Khai trin mt tm trn mi qu l.............................................................................57 II.4.4- Khai trin tm giao ct vi ng lc y .....................................................................59

II.5- Bn v ri tn (Shell Expansion) ........................................................................................60 II.6- Trng lng, trng tm v. .................................................................................................62 II.7- ng cong un ngc (Inverse Bending).........................................................................65

II.7.1- To ng cong un ngc ca sn. .......................................................................66 II.7.2- To ng cong un ngc cho kt cu dc..............................................................68

II.8- Tnh b khun (PinJigs). .....................................................................................................69 II.9- In bng tr s (PrintOffsets).................................................................................................71

III- Khai trin chi tit kt cu bng Structure ...................................................................................73 III.1- M hnh tu 3 chiu ........................................................................................................73

III.1.1- Khi nim chung ........................................................................................................73 III.1.2- Thi cng theo nhm cng ngh ..................................................................................74 III.1.3- Lp trnh t thi cng lp rp .......................................................................................74 III.1.4- T chc cng vic theo nhm ....................................................................................75

III.2- T chc cng vic thit k ..............................................................................................75 III.2.1- n thit k (Projects). ............................................................................................76 III.2.2- Khi kt cu (Units) ...................................................................................................76 III.2.3- Cc nhm kt cu phng (Planar Group) ...................................................................76 III.2.4- Cc chi tit kt cu (Parts)..........................................................................................77 III.2.5- Cc bn v khc..........................................................................................................77


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III.3- Cc thut ng ..................................................................................................................78 III.4- Khi ng ShipConstructor ............................................................................................78 III.5- Xem xt cc d liu c...............................................................................................78

III.5.1- ng k mt n (Register a Project)......................................................................78 III.5.2- Navigator ....................................................................................................................80 III.5.3- Xem bn v tng on phi cnh. ..............................................................................81 III.5.4- Thanh cng c Visibility ............................................................................................81 III.5.5- Xem bn v ca nhm kt cu phng.........................................................................82 III.5.6- Xut cc bn v sang CAD.........................................................................................87

III.6- Tng on kt cu (Structural Unit) ...............................................................................89 III.6.1- Cc kt cu dc...........................................................................................................89 III.6.2- Thanh cng c ca nhm kt cu phng (Planar Group Toolbars) ............................90

III.7- Thit k sn ..................................................................................................................92 III.7.1- Gii thiu chung .........................................................................................................92 III.7.2- M bn v sn. .........................................................................................................93 III.7.3- nh du cc v tr giao ct vi kt cu ngoi............................................................93 III.7.4- To nh lm (Scallops) .............................................................................................97 III.7.5- Qun l th vin thp hnh v tm ..........................................................................100 III.7.6- To cc rnh khot v chn np (Cutout and Profile Insertion) ...............................103 III.7.7- Sao chp cc thc th sang cc nhm kt cu khc..................................................104 III.7.8- ng bao (Toolpath) ..............................................................................................107 III.7.9- V l ngi chui .......................................................................................................108 III.7.10- Xem li kt qu trong bn v khng gian 3 chiu................................................109 III.7.11- To tm nh vt th rn (Plate Solids).................................................................110 III.7.12- To np t tn di (flatbar) ..................................................................................112 III.7.13- Xc nh cc thuc tnh ca np ..........................................................................115 III.7.14- Danh sch cc chi tit...........................................................................................119 III.7.15- Vch du v tr np...............................................................................................120 III.7.16- K hiu ch hng (Part Orientation Icon) ..........................................................122 III.7.17- co do hn (Weld Shrinkage)...........................................................................123 III.7.18- Xc nh cc thuc tnh ca tm (Defining the Plate Part) ..................................125 III.7.19- B xung mt i tng vo chi tit kt cu ang c............................................128 III.7.20- X ngang boong v bn mp................................................................................128 III.7.21- Tham chiu n nhng nhm kt cu phng ngoi..............................................130 III.7.22- Tm im mt bn trong ca bn mp x ngang boong .......................................133 III.7.23- Tm im mt bn ngoi ca bn mp x ngang boong ......................................134 III.7.24- To bn mp x ngang boong ..............................................................................135 III.7.25- Xc nh cc thuc tnh ca bn mp...................................................................138 III.7.26- Tm m hng b mp...........................................................................................139 III.7.27- Hiu chnh khe h. ...............................................................................................139 III.7.28- ng bao m hng.............................................................................................142 III.7.29- To m hng nh mt vt th rn (solid) .............................................................144 III.7.30- Chuyn k hiu gia cng sang mt khc ca tm. ...............................................148 III.7.31- Sn thp hnh .....................................................................................................150 III.7.32- Kim tra li bn v nhm kt cu phng..............................................................152 III.7.33- To cc chi tit i xng qua mt phng dc tm................................................154 III.7.34- Tng kt ...............................................................................................................156

III.8- Thit k sng chnh ( Center Girder) ............................................................................156 III.8.1- Cc bn mp. ............................................................................................................156 III.8.2- Xc nh cc thuc tnh ca sng chnh ...................................................................162

III.9- S dng cc chi tit tiu chun. ....................................................................................162 III.9.1- M u .....................................................................................................................162 III.9.2- Xem cc chi tit chun c sn. .................................................................................162 III.9.3- Thm m vo vch ngang.........................................................................................163 III.9.4- To mt h to ngoi mt phng. ........................................................................164 III.9.5- To im chn m trn u np vch .......................................................................165 III.9.6- Chn m tiu chun vo ...........................................................................................167


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III.9.7- Copy m sang cc v tr khc....................................................................................169 III.10- Thit k cc np vn .....................................................................................................169

III.10.1- Gii thiu chung...................................................................................................169 III.10.2- To np vn..........................................................................................................169

III.11- Kim tra khi kt cu....................................................................................................176 III.11.1- M u .................................................................................................................176 III.11.2- Kim tra bn v khi ............................................................................................176 III.11.3- Kim tra tt c cc nhm kt cu. ........................................................................177

III.12- Kim tra giao ct gia cc chi tit. ...............................................................................179 III.12.1- M u .................................................................................................................179 III.12.2- To bn v giao ct ..............................................................................................179 III.12.3- Tnh ton giao ct.................................................................................................180

IV- H liu tn ................................................................................................................................184 IV.1- Gii thiu ......................................................................................................................184 IV.2- Chun b h liu. ...........................................................................................................186

IV.2.1- Qun l cc tham s h liu .................................................................................186 IV.2.2- Cc thit lp cho qu trnh h liu........................................................................187 IV.2.3- T chc h liu.....................................................................................................189

IV.3- Cc thut ng dng trong h liu..................................................................................189 IV.3.1- Bn v h liu (Nest Drawing).............................................................................189 IV.3.2- T h liu (Nests).................................................................................................189 IV.3.3- T h liu mu (Nest Templates).........................................................................189

IV.4- H liu t ng .............................................................................................................191 IV.5- Gn cc chi tit vo t h liu.......................................................................................195 IV.6- Kim tra t h liu v to bn k vt t ........................................................................195

IV.6.1- Chun b bn k vt t h liu (BOM- Bill of Materials) ....................................195 IV.6.2- Chy lnh kim tra h liu ...................................................................................197

IV.7- Ni dung phn u trang t h liu...............................................................................197 IV.8- Bn k vt t c m cc chi tit tiu chun.................................................................198 IV.9- Kim tra chng ln........................................................................................................200 IV.10- Tm cc chi tit cha c h liu................................................................................201 IV.11- In cc t h liu.............................................................................................................202 IV.12- Cu ni gia hai chi tit ................................................................................................203 IV.13- Xut bn h liu sang chng trnh NC-Pyros .............................................................203 IV.14- Qun l cc t tn dng d. ..........................................................................................205

V- Cc bn v lp rp. ...................................................................................................................206 V.1- Gii thiu chung................................................................................................................207 V.2- Cc bc to bn v lp rp ..............................................................................................207 V.3- Chun b cc mu bn v lp rp (Assembly Templates) .................................................208 V.4- Cc mu nhn t ng (AutoAnnotation Styles) ..............................................................209 V.5- Gn cc mu bn v lp rp, mu bn k chi tit v mu nhn t ng vo cc mc lp rp. 210 V.6- Lp trnh t lp rp v kim tra (Build Strategy and Checking Correct Assembly Assignments) .................................................................................................................................212

V.6.1- Thut ng: ................................................................................................................212 V.7- To bn v nh v (keymap). ...........................................................................................217 V.8- To bn v lp ...................................................................................................................219 V.9- Ghi nhn bng tay trong bn v lp ..................................................................................223

V.9.1- Nhn thng minh (Smart Labels) .............................................................................224 V.9.2- Ghi nhn dng h to UCS..................................................................................224 V.9.3- Ghi nhn cc np cng .............................................................................................226 V.9.4- Ghi nhn nhanh (Quick Annotation) ........................................................................228 V.9.5- Copy nhn ................................................................................................................229 V.9.6- Ghi nhn hng theo hng nhn.............................................................................230

V.10- nh du v tr trng tm..............................................................................................231 V.11- Bng kch thc kim tra (Quality Control Matrix) .....................................................231 V.12- Xoay cm lp rp..........................................................................................................233


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V.13- In cc bn v lp. ..........................................................................................................236 VI- Bn v khai trin cc thanh thp hnh (Profile Plots)...............................................................236

VI.1- Gii thiu chung ...........................................................................................................236 VI.2- To bn v khai trin thp hnh. ...................................................................................237 VI.3- Chn bn v khai trin np ...........................................................................................239

VII- Cc bng k vt t (Structure Reports) ...............................................................................244 VII.1- Gii thiu chung ...........................................................................................................244 VII.2- Bng k kt cu (PWBS Reports).................................................................................245

VII.2.1- Bng k tm tt theo phn cp lp rp (PWBS Build Strategy Report - Summary Style) 246 VII.2.2- Bng k chi tit theo phn cp lp rp (PWBS Report - Detailed Format)..........247

VII.3- Bng k thp hnh (Profile Report)...............................................................................248 VII.4- Bng k cc chi tit tiu chun (Standard Parts Reports). ............................................250 VII.5- Bng k h liu (Nest Reports). ....................................................................................250

VII.5.1- Mn hnh Nest (Nests Dialog) .............................................................................251 VII.5.2- Bng k h liu dng rt gn (Condensed Nest Reports) ....................................251 VII.5.3- Bng k h liu dng y (Detailed Nest Reports) .........................................253

I- Gii thiu chung v ShipConstructor

B phn mm ShipConstructor (di y vit tt l SC) l b phn mm c nh chuyn dng cho thit k thi cng tu thu v cc cng trnh ni. SC gm mt s phn mm sau: ShipCAM- dng phng dng v Structure dng v kt cu tu trong khng gian 3 chiu (3D), to cc bn v lp rp, bn v thi cng cc chi tit kt cu v.v.... Nest dng h liu bng tay v h liu t ng. Pipe dng v cc bn v i ng trong khng gian 3 chiu, to cc bn v i ng v cc bn v thi cng ng. Outfit dng v cc bn v s b tr thit b trong khng gian 3 chiu Manager qun l ton b qu trnh thit k thi cng. NC-Pyros dng chuyn m cc bn h liu sang m my ct iu khin bng chng trnh s

II- Phng dng v v sn bng ShipCAM ShipCAM l mt chng trnh phng dng v tu c cc chc nng sau: Nhp tuyn hnh thit k bng cc cch:

- vo bng bn phm bng tr s tuyn hnh thit k - hoc nhp (import) cc ng hnh thit k t cc chng trnh

thit k k thut tu thu Fastship, MultiSurf, Napa, Rhino, v Autoship.

- hoc nhp (import) cc mt cong v thit k t cc chng trnh thit k k thut tu thu Fastship, MultiSurf, Napa, Rhino, v Autoship.

To v tu trong khng gian 3 chiu bng cc loi mt kh trin, mt k v

mt cong a chiu dng B-Spline. Chnh trn v to bng cch chnh trn cc ng dng to v.


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Dng cc mt ct qua v to cc ng sn, ng nc v ng ct dc. C th ct v bng cc mt ct nghing khi c cc kt cu nghing so vi cc mt phng to .

T ng nh du ln khung sn nhng ch c kt cu dc xuyn qua. T ng v cc rnh ct trn khung sn cho cc kt cu dc .

Ri tn ln v v chia v thnh cc tm tn ring bit. Khai trin phng cc tm tn cong. To cc mt boong. Xc nh giao tuyn gia hai mt cong bt k v ct mt theo giao tuyn (v

d giao tuyn gia v v ng chn vt mi) To gc ln gia hai mt. To mt song song to nn chiu dy tn v, hoc to mt trung ha ca

tm tn v. Trao i d liu vi cc chng trnh CAD. Trao i d liu vi chng trnh tnh thy lc BHS/GHS. Lp bn v ri tn v. Tnh trng lng, trng tm v v cc tm tn. To bn v chiu cao b khun (pinjig). Tnh cc ng cong un ngc (inverse bending curve) cho sn v cc

kt cu bng thp hnh. ShipCAM gm 8 module di y. chy mt module nhn chut vo Windows Start Menu ri chn: Programs / ShipConstructor2002. Mt menu con hin ln danh sch cc module. Mi module c giao din ring vi cc chc nng chnh sau: 1. LoftSpace thc hin cc cng vic chung v phng dng. Phn ln thi gian

ta lm vic trong module ny. 2. LinesFairing chnh trn cc ng cong nh ng sn, ng chia

tn,... N cng to ra cc loi mt khc nhau, ct cc mt ct chnh trn cc dng v phc tp.

3. StringerCutout dng quy nh v tr v tnh ton giao ct gia cc kt cu dc vi khung sn, t ng v cc rnh khot cho kt cu dc trn khung sn

4. PlateExpand khai trin cc tm tn cong thnh t tn phng v v cc vch du ln tn.

5. ShellExpand v cc bn v ri tn. 6. InverseBend to cc ng cong un ngc cho sn v cc kt cu bng

thp hnh, k c cc kt cu b vn. 7. PinJig to cc bn v chiu cao b khun tn v. 8. PrintOffsets in ra tt c cc s liu v v. Trong phn di y ta s thc hnh s dng ShipCAM trn mt v tu du c mi qu l.


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II.1- Chnh trn (Fairing).

II.1.1- Cc khi nim chung v ng spline 1. Ngun gc ca cng ngh ng cong spline

T spline (thanh git ging) c ngun gc t nhng thanh "lt" g hoc thp m th phng dng dng v cc ng cong trn sn phng.

Thanh "lt" c un thnh dng ng cong bng cch chn cc con cc bng gang ti cc v tr khc nhau. Hnh dng ca ng cong ny thay i khi ta thay i s con cc v v tr cc con cc. m t ng cong ny, c nhiu loi ng cong ton hc trong ph bin nht l ng cong spline Bdi do nh ton hc Php Pierre Bzier tm ra nm 1960 (xem hnh di y). Hnh dng ng cong spline Bdi c xc nh bi cc im nt (end point) v im iu khin (control point). Cc im ny ng vai tr ca cc con cc trn sn phng.

Hnh trn m t hai ng cong spline. Mt ng xc nh bi cc im nt P1, P2 v im iu khin PC1, mt ng na xc nh bi P1, P2 v PC2. Cc im iu khin PC1 v PC2 nm ngoi ng cong nhng khi di chuyn chng th dng ca ng cong thay i. Thc ra cc im P1, P2 cng l im iu khin nhng khc vi PC1 v PC2 l chng l nhng im ca ng cong. Hnh di y biu din mt ng cong Bdi bc 3 c bn im iu khin

Khi ta di chuyn im iu khin pha trn bn phi sang bn phi th dng ng cong thay i nh hnh sau.


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ng spline c dng ph bin trong phng dng do c cc c im sau: C th dng mt ng cong trn, xp x mt mt ng cong cho trc

theo mt bng ta . Khi ta dng mt ng cong bng thc lt trn sn hoc bng ng spline trn my tnh, ta c th iu chnh cho ng cong tht st vi cc im to cho trc vi sai s nh hn cho php. chnh l tnh xp x ca ng cong. Ring ShipCAM dng thut ton ni suy nn cc ng cong ban u (cha chnh trn) ca ShipCAM i qua ng cc im ta .

Khi chnh trn bng cch di chuyn cc im iu khin th ng cong thay i hnh dng mt cch trn, khng b gy khc.

Khi phng to, thu nh ng cong th tnh cht ca n khng thay i. 2. ng spline trong ShipCAM

ShipCAM dng cc ng B-spline bc 4 to cc ng sn v ng dc. u im chnh ca ng ny l kh nng iu khin cc b: khi mt im iu khin di chuyn, ch c vng ng spline ln cn im b thay i. Hnh di y cho thy mt im iu khin di chuyn ln pha trn mt n v, ng spline ti im cng b di chuyn ln 2/3 n v, cc im trn ng spline ti hai im iu khin ln cn ch di chuyn ln trn 1/6 n v. Cc vng cn li khng b nh hng.

Thng thng, ng spline khng i qua ng cc im thit k gc (l cc im trong bng tr s thit k). ShipCAM dng mt k thut ring buc cc ng spline phi i qua cc im thit k gc khi chng trnh bt u to ng t bng tr s. Ban u ShipCAM s to mt ng spline gn ng khng i qua cc im thit k gc . Sau n s tnh cc sai s gia cc im trn ng spline v im thit k gc, to mt bn copy cc im iu khin. ShipCAM dng cc im iu khin copy iu chnh sao cho ng spline i qua ng cc im thit k gc. Cch lm c gi l ni suy ng B-spline.

Ghi ch: ng spline ch i qua ng im thit k trong ln u tin khi ta ra lnh cho ShipCAM dng mt ng spline theo mt bng tr s cho trc.


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Khi ta bt u di chuyn cc im iu khin chnh trn ung spline th ng spline s khng cn i qua ng im thit k na. Trn mn hnh ShipCAM cc loi im c dng biu din nh sau (xem hnh v mn hnh c biu cong phn di): im thit k : hnh ch x mu vng nht im iu khin: hnh ch thp mu . Ring im iu khin ang c

kch hot th ch thp phng to hn cc im khc im gy: hnh ch thp mu hng. 3. im gy (Break Point, Knuckle Point)

im gy l im ti ng cong thay i t dng ny sang dng khc. V d: im ti ng sn chuyn t cong sang thng. ShipCAM c cng c to nhng im ny nm trn thanh cng c Spline Edit. Ti im gy, tip tuyn gia hai ng hai bn c th trng nhau (ng cong chuyn tip trn qua im gy) hoc khng trng nhau nh hnh v sau.

4. cong ca ng v mt

Trong phng dng v tu, iu quan trng hng u l cc ng cong v cc mt to nn v phi trn (tr nhng trng hp c bit nh tu c tuyn hnh gy gc). Trn sn phng, trn ca ng cong c m bo bng cch un thc lt v nhn bng mt. trn ca v c nh gi qua trn cc ng hnh thc v s bin thin u n khong cch gia cc ng hnh thc (cng nhn bng mt). Trn mn hnh ShipCAM, trn ca v cng c nh gi qua trn cc ng hnh thc. trn cc ng c nh gi qua biu cong chy dc theo ng.


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Biu cong c my loi: Biu bn knh cong : biu din bn knh cong ti tng im trn ng

cong. Bn knh cong ti mt im cng ln th ng cong ti cng t cong.

Biu cong: biu din cong=1/bn knh cong. cong ti mt im cng ln th ng cong ti cng cong nhiu.

Biu dc: biu din tang ca gc gia tip tuyn ca ng cong ti tng im so vi phng nm ngang. Biu loi ny thng c dng vi nhng on ng cong tng i thng v nghing khng qu 45 so vi phng ngang.

Biu 1/ dc: biu loi ny dng cho nhng on ng cong tng i thng v c nghing gn 90 .

II.1.2- Cng vic phng dng v ca nh my 1. Gii thiu chung

S liu ban u v con tu m nh my ng tu nhn c thng l bn v tuyn hnh v bn tr s tuyn hnh thit k hoc mt m hnh v tu do cc phn mm thit k k thut to ra. Theo nhng d liu thit k ban u , thit k thi cng phi to ra c mt mt cong v tu lm c s cho vic ng v tu thc sau ny. Mt cong v phi tha mn cc yu cu sau: Ti cc v tr m thit k k thut quy nh (cc ng hnh l thuyt, bn

knh hng, bn knh mi v.v...) phi st nht vi tr s thit k (sai lch thng khng qu vi mm nu thit k ban u tt).

Mt cong phi trn ngha l bin thin cong trn ton mt phi u n khng c cc vng gy khc hoc cong t ngt, cc ng hnh thc


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(ng sn, ng nc v ng ct dc) phi l nhng ng cong trn. V tu trn th sc cn thp v cc tnh nng khc s tt hn l v khng trn. y l mt yu cu c bit quan trng v kh lin quan n cht lng khai thc v k, m thut ca tu.

Theo cng ngh c l phng dng v tu th cng trn sn phng dng, tnh trn ca mt cong v c m bo bng tnh trn ca cc ng hnh thc v s bin thin u n gia cc ng hnh (kim tra bng mt). V bn cht mt cong v mt mt cong thc nghim gm nhiu loi mt cong khc nhau ghp thnh, khng phi l mt mt cong ton hc thun ty. Do cc phn mm phng dng v nh ShipCAM cng ch c th xp x dng v thc bng vi dng mt ton hc nh mt kh trin, mt k, mt tr v c bit i vi nhng vng cong phc tp th dng mt B-spline. Dng mt B-spline ph bin dng cho v tu l NURBS (Non-uniform Rational B-spline). Nh vy, cc phn mm khng th t ng to ra mt cong v tu. Ngi phng dng v bng phn mm cn phi c k nng, kinh nghim kh nhiu c th to ra mt mt v trn tha mn cc yu cu nu trn. Khc vi vic da vo thc phng dng v nhn bng mt trn sn phng, cc phn mm phng dng cung cp nhiu cng c dng mt v v kim tra trn ca mt: biu cong ca cc ng trn mt, biu mu cong ca ton v v.v.... Do cht lng v dng bng phn mm tt hn so vi dng trn sn.

2. Dng v chnh trn v theo bn tuyn hnh v bng tr s thit k Khi nh my nhn c bn tuyn hnh v bng tr s, phi g nhp cc tr s vo ShipCAM v bt u dng v ri chnh trn v. Nu v tu l loi c ng gy gc v cc mt kh trin hoc mt k th ch cn chnh trn ng gy gc dc theo chiu di tu. ShipCAM s to cc mt t ng gy gc chnh trn . Nu v c hng trn, cc sn c chnh trn trc ri ShipCAM s tnh ton cc tr s chnh trn theo hng dc tu. Qu trnh chnh trn theo hng dc kh phc tp v yu cu phi c kinh nghim. Khi c kinh nghim ta c th chnh trn tng i nhanh ngay c vi nhng v phc tp. ShipCAM c mt phng php ring to cc mt B-spline theo mt bng tr s cho trc m vn c kh nng chnh trn tt.

3. Dng v chnh trn v theo cc m hnh v thit k ca phn mm thit k v

Chnh trn cc sn v cc ng cong dc l mt vic kh, t m mt nhiu thi gian v cn phi c nhng k nng, kinh nghim nht nh. Nu ta c mt m hnh v do cc phn mm thit k v to ra th cng vic s nhanh hn. ShipCAM c th nhp cc v di dng mt li t nhng file theo nh dng IDF (surface mesh) hoc cc v NURBS (mt dng mt B-spline). ShipCAM cng nhp c cc v dng mt li a gic (polymesh surface) t nhng file DXF. Mt nh dng file khc chuyn cho m t mt NURBS l IGES128 cng c ShipCAM h tr. D liu v v c th nhp (import) vo ShipCAM nhng giai on khc nhau ca qu trnh chnh trn v:


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Nhp cc sn l thuyt nm trong cng mt mt phng, sau di chuyn cc sn dc tu n v tr ca chng ri bt u chnh trn tng sn.

Nhp cc ng dc v ng sng chnh trn. Nhng ng ny c th dng trc tip to mt cong v.

Nhp cc mt cong dng mt li Nhp cc mt cong NURBS nh dng IGES 128, IDF.

II.1.3- Dng cc lnh trong ShipCAM Cc lnh trong ShipCAM c th chy bng hai cch: chn trn menu v nhn vo nt lnh trn thanh cng c (toolbar). T nay v sau ta s vit di dng sau: V d: chy lnh Open t menu File s c vit nh sau: Chy menu File / Open .

hoc ta di chut vo menu File ri nhn vo Open, hoc nhn chut vo nt c hnh nh trn trong thanh cng c.

II.1.4- n phng dng (Projects) ShipCAM t chc cc d liu thnh cc n phng dng. Mt n gm tt c cc d liu phng dng v ca mt tu. Tt c cc file d liu ca mt n c lu trong mt th mc, trong c mt file lu cc thit lp chung ca n nh n v phng dng, n v trong CAD,v.v... Ta s bt u bng module LinesFairing. 1. Khi ng LinesFairing bng cch nhn Start ri chn ShipConstructor2002 / ShipCAMLinesFairing. Nu ta khng c kha cng bn quyn th mn hnh sau xut hin. Nhn OK tip tc. Phn mm s chy trong ch demo (biu din). Ta c th lm mi vic trong phn mm nhng khng ghi kt qu li c.

2. Mn hnh chng trnh LinesFairing hin ln nh hnh sau. Trn thanh tiu (title bar) trn nh mn hnh c tn v ng dn ca file project ang m ( y l Demo) v tip theo l module ang chy.


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1. M mt project khc

(nu trong mn hnh trn project c m khng phi Demo). 1. Chy menu File / Project / Open Project. 2. Mn hnh Open m ra nh hnh sau. Chn th mc

C:\Projects\Demo\ShipCAM v m file Demo.SCP.

Ta c th b tr li mn hnh cho tin hn nh sau:


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II.1.5- M file sn thit k Trong phn trn ta m n Demo bng cch m file qun l n Demo.SCP. Cc file c ui SCP lu cc thng tin v cc thit lp chung v mt n phng dng. V ta ang chy module LinesFairing nn di y ta s m file ch cc d liu v sn thit k (HULL.STO) bt u chnh trn cc sn. File ny c to sn thc tp, cn khi lm tht ta phi g nhp bng tr s bng module LoftSpace hoc import mt cong v nh nu mc II.1.1- ri save li to file c ui l STO. 1. Chy menu File / Open 2. Chn file HULL.STO trong mn hnh Open ri nhn OK. Cc ng sn l thuyt hin ra trong mt phng dc. Ta s chuyn sang mt phng sn trong phn di y.


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II.1.6- Cc thanh cng c (Toolbars) ShipCAM c mt s thanh cng c truy cp nhanh n mt s lnh thng dng. Cng nh AutoCAD, cc thanh ny c th bt tt theo mun, t bt k v tr no thun tin trn mn hnh bng cch r chut. Bt tt thanh cng c bng cch chy menu View / Toolbars Trong menu con hin ln, cc thanh ang bt c du chn ng trc. Mun tt ch cn nhn chut vo b du chn v ngc li.


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II.1.7- Cc hng nhn (Views) Mi module trong ShipCAM c mt menu View v mt thanh cng c View thay i hng nhn bn v.

Trong hnh trn: Profile View: nhn mt phng dc tu PlanView: nhn mt phng ng nc Body View: nhn mt phng sn User-defined View: hng nhn ty chn Set user-defined view: quy nh hng nhn ty chn Zoom Window: phng theo ca s Zoom All: phng ton b ZoomIn: phng to ZoomOut: thu nh Rotate View : xoay hng nhn 1. Chn mt hng nhn:

ShipCAM c ba hng nhn chun theo cc mt phng ta ca tu v mt hng nhn ty chn do ngi dng t quy nh. Hng nhn ty chn c


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xc nh bi vic chn mt im trong khng gian ba chiu v ng t im nhn v gc ta . 1. Chy menu View / Body xem sn trong mt phng sn nh hnh sau:

2. Th cc chc nng view khc.

II.1.8- Hin th nhiu hng nhn ng thi ShipCAM c th hin th ng thi 4 view ln mn hnh 1. Chy menu View / Split Window. (chia ca s). Con tr s chuyn v tm mn hnh ta chn im chia ca s mn hnh. Sau khi nhn chut chn im chia, mn hnh chia thnh 4 ca s nh hnh sau:


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2. Ca s ang c kch hot (active view) s c thanh cun (scroll bars). Hy kch ln lt cc ca s kch hot.

Dng View / Zoom In phng to trong ca s ang c kch hot. Ghi ch: Khi ta zoom, theo mc nh im iu khin ang kch hot (active control vertex) s lun lun nm tm c 4 ca s. Ta c th tt tnh cht mc


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nh bng cch tm trn thanh cng c cc nt Track Control Vertex (theo di im iu khin) v nt Synchronize Zoom Scale (ng b t l Zoom) ang b nhn xung, nhn chut vo cho chng ni ln

.

II.1.9- B ch nhiu hng nhn Ta c th b ch nhiu hng nhn bng cch nhn chut p vo thanh chia gia cc ca s hoc ko r thanh ra mp bn v.

II.1.10- Thay i mu Mi module cho ngi dng c th thay i mu ca cc i tng hin th trn mn hnh theo mun. 1. Chy menu View / Colors . Mn hnh sau hin ln. Ta c th thay i mu cc i tng (nhn vo Color) hoc tt chng i (nhn bt/tt bng n).

II.1.11- Chnh trn sn (Fairing a Station) Trc khi chnh trn sn, ta phi g nhp bng tr s vo. Sau LinesFairing s to mt bn copy cc im thit k (offset vertex) thnh cc im iu khin (control vertex). Cc im iu khin s c t ng di chuyn sao cho ng cong sn i qua ng cc im thit k. Cc im iu khin c th hin bng cc hnh ch thp mu . im iu khin ang kch hot th hnh ch thp s to hn cc im khc. Cc im tr s thit k th hin bng cc du ch x. 1. By gi ta s ln lt kch hot cc sn. 2. Nhn phm PgDwn hoc PageUp trn bn phm hoc nt trn thanh cng c , cc sn s ln lt c kch hot. Tn sn ang kch hot hin th trong Fairing Spline gc trn bn tri mn hnh. Dng li khi tn sn l STN_9.25.


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3. Nhn phm mi tn tri hoc phi trn bn phm hoc nt trn thanh cng c

, di chuyn theo cc im iu khin cho n khi ti im 4 (trong Control Vertex hin s 4). Ch thp ch im iu khin s 4 c phng to ln, ta ca im hin ln trong cc X, Y, Z. 4. dch chuyn im iu khin, gi phm Shift v nhn phm mi tn i ln mt vi ln, im iu khin s dch ln theo trc Z, tr s Z trong ta s thay i. Mi ln nhn phm mi tn, tr s Z thay i mt lng bng tr s quy nh trong Step. Ta cng c th di chuyn im iu khin bng cch nhn chut vo cc mi tn bn phi cc X, Y, Z thay i ta hoc g trc tip tr s ta vo tng ng. 5. Bng Offset Distance (bn di Step) hin th lch ca sn khi cc im thit k theo ba hng ta . im no t lch nht c im sng. Sau khi ta di chuyn im iu khin 4 nh trn, nhn phm Enter tnh li lch. Ta s thy rng cc lch dZ v dY xung quanh hng c im sng by gi s kh ln do ta di im 4 i mt on ln.

Ghi ch: Trong qu trnh chnh trn, ch c cc im iu khin l thay i. Cc im thit k vn gi nguyn.

II.1.12- Cc sn c im gy gc v c on thng Mt s sn c im gy gc hoc c on thng, on cong. ShipCAM c mt s cng c x l vn .


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1. Di chuyn ti im iu khin 4 trn sn 9.25. Nhn phm Ctrl+B hoc nt

. im iu khin 4 tr thnh im gy gc, mu ca n t chuyn sang hng. 2. Kch hot im iu khin 10. Nhn Ctrl+B bin im 10 thnh im gy gc th hai. 3. Nhn nt Flatten (lm thng) ri kch hot im 4. Mt ng thng xut hin ni t im 4 n im 10.

4. Nhn phm Enter. Mn hnh Flatten Line hin ln cho ta chn mt phng v hng lm thng. Nhn nt OK.

5. Nhn phm Enter chm dt qu trnh lm thng on sn trn v tnh li ng cong sn.

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