PUNCTUATIONAPOSTROPHE

PARENTHESIS

COLON

COMMA

FULL STOP

HYPHEN

QUESTION MARK

SEMI COLON

INVERTED COMMAEXCLAMATION MARK

PUNCTUATION

•Punctuation is the system of symbols, that we use to separate sentences and parts of sentences, and to make their meaning clear.

FULL STOPoMost commonly used at the end of sentences

• Abbreviations:E.g: Mon., Tue., Ltd.• Statements:E.g: The cat is sitting on the bed.• Commands and request:E.g: Please show me your passport.• Single word:“Good Bye.” “Hello.”• Inside Quotation mark and outside bracket:E.g: “what joy we had particular day.” Profits declined(despite increased sales).

COLONColon follows independent clauses and are used to call attention to the information that comes after.•After independent clause and before the word, phrase,Sentence, quotation, or list it is introducing.

Eg: She has only one thing on her mind: friends.(word)• She has only one thing on her mind: the friend next door. (phrase)• She has only one thing on her mind: she wants to go out with saba. (clause)• She has only one thing on her mind: her finals, her jobs, and saba.(list)

Never use after a verb that directly introduces a list.•Eg: The things on my mind are: finals, work, and friends. The things on my mind are finals, work, and friends.

SEMI COLON

Semi colon represents a pause of greater importance

Separates two complete sentences that are, however, closely linked.

E.g: Don’t go near the lions; they could bite you.

COMMARepresents shortest pauseSeparate the elements of a series(three or

more things).E.g: My favorite uses of internet are sending E-mail, surfing the web, and using chat rooms.A series of phrases:E.g: On my birthday I went to the cinema, ate dinner in a restaurant,And went dancing.Use before and, but, or, nor, for, so, or yet to join two independent clauses that form a compound sentence.E.g: Joe read the book, but his friend saw the movie,Separate with a comma any nonessential words from the rest of the sentence.E.g: However, the man forgot where he has placed his keys.

COMMA• For addresses, Dates:E.g: November 4, 1948 911 Avenue mansion,

Petchburi Road, Bangkok.• A series of Adjectives:E.g: She was young,

beautiful, kind and intelligent.

INVERTED COMMA

Show the beginning and end of a quotation or a title of a short work.“The Talk of the Town”

•Direct quotation:She said, “Anum has a red hat”

QUESTION MARK

•After direct question:E.g: Do you speak Italian?•When sentence is half statement and half question:E.g: You do care, don’t you?

APOSTROPHE• Contractions:E.g: Don’t=do not it’ll=it will

• Possesives:E.g: Einstein’s theory of relativity.

HYPHEN

Links two or more word:E.g: A well-liked author An author who is well likedA world-renowned composer A composer who is world renowned

DASH

Enclosed extra information:E.g: To the three divisions of the economy—agriculture, manufacturing, and service industries—Jones has added a fourth.

EXCLAMATION MARK

To express strong emotion:E.g: What a good movie!After interjections:E.g: Oh! Wow! Hurrah!